八株小鼠胸腺基质细胞系产生白细胞介素1及白细胞介素6的水平

应用IL-1诱导LBRM33-IA5细胞产生IL-2、及支持IL-6依赖细胞系KD-83细胞的增殖,分别测定了本室所建8株小鼠胸腺基质细胞系自发分泌IL-1及IL-6的能力.8株MTSC 分泌IL-1水平不同,>100U/ml者,1株;30～40U/ml 者,2株.8株细胞均能产生IL-6,其中7株的分泌水平>80U/ml;1株为38U/ml.比较各株分泌IL-1及IL-6的水平,本文显示,在MTSC 各系中,尚存在IL-1非依赖性IL-6分泌途径.本文尚比较了两种测定IL-1活性的方法,支持胸腺细胞增殖法测得者,实为IL-1+IL-6的效应,不能反映IL-1的实际水平.     

重组白细胞介素1对系膜细胞产生与表达白细胞介素6的影响

采用ＩＬ－６依赖型细胞株ＫＤ８与Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｍｂｌｏｔ方法观察了重组ＩＬ－１对人胎肾小球系膜细胞产生与表达ＩＬ－６ｍＲＮＡ的影响，结果表明，重组ＩＬ－１加入系膜细胞培养体系中，ＩＬ－６活性与ｍＲＮＡ表达均明显高于对照组，提示重组ＩＬ－１可促进系膜细胞产生与表达ＩＬ－６。     

AIgA对巨噬细胞产生白细胞介素1的作用

由单核-巨噬细胞产生的白细胞介素1(Interleukinl,IL—1)在免疫应答及炎症反应的分子调节网络中起着重要作用,与许多临床疾病的发病有关。据报道许多物质可以增     

胃泌素对白细胞介素—1β致大鼠离体胰岛B细胞分泌抑制的影响

采用新生大鼠胰岛离体培养方法,观察了五肽胃泌素（Ｇ－５）对ＩＬ－１β致胰岛Ｂ细胞分泌抑制的影响。结果表明：（１）ＩＬ－１β能剂量依赖性抑制Ｂ细胞的分泌功能;（２）Ｇ－５能对抗ＩＬ－１β对Ｂ细胞功能的抑制,与单纯ＩＬ－１β作用组相比。加用Ｇ－５能使葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌量明显增加;（３）向ＩＬ－１β作用后的胰岛治疗性地给予Ｇ－５,能使抑制的Ｂ细胞功能得到部分恢复,作用呈时间和剂量依赖性。     

巨噬细胞对白细胞介素2产生的影响

白细胞介素2(IL-2)产生的机理较为复杂,还未澄清。1980年Smith提出有关IL—2产生的两个信号模式面,其中之一为巨噬细胞释放IL-1刺激T细胞产生IL-2,认为IL-2产生必须有巨噬细胞参与。但近年来对巨噬细胞在IL-2产生的需要性提出异议。本文取材扁桃体,在同一实验中探讨巨噬细胞在IL-2产生的需要性的不同观点,以阐明淋巴系统中IL-2产生的机理。     

CO-OPERATION OF IL-1 AND IL-2 ON T-CELL ACTIVATION IN MONONUCLEAR CELL CULTURES

In search of an optimized anti-cancer immunotherapy, the combination of IL-2 and IL-1 has been tried. In an in-vitro LAK model, this cytokine cocktail seemed to be quite promising. In our in-vitro model of IL-2 induced T-cell activation we have therefore investigated the co-operation of these two potent immunostimulators. Mononuclear cells were stimulated with CD3 activating antibody in the presence of different cytokines and blocking or neutralizing antibodies. Cytokine concentrations were detected in the supernatants with ELISA. Intracellular IFN-γ and IL-4 in the different T-cell subsets was measured by flow cytometry. IL-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) were up-regulated by IL-2, this was achieved independently of IL-12 or CD40/CD40L interaction. As a negative feedback mechanism, IL-1β induced its natural antagonist, IL-1Ra. Both endogenous and exogenous IL-10 suppressed IL-1β and induced IL-1Ra, thus markedly decreased the amount of functional IL-1. The combination of IL-2 and IL-1β lead to a mildly increased Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secretion (+20%, p < 0.05), however, this appeared to be the result of an increased IFN-γ production per secreting cell, rather than of an increased recruitment of non-secreting cells. Similarly, IL-6 was also induced in an additive fashion (+30%, p < 0.05). For both cytokines, this effect could be significantly augmented by neutralizing IL-1Ra. Concentrations of IL-2 induced IL-10 and soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) were not affected by IL-1β. We were thus able to demonstrate that IL-1 relays its activity through different pathways than IL-2. Furthermore, we could show that the potentially synergistic action of IL-2 and IL-1 was hindered by the simultaneous induction of signficant amounts of IL-1Ra. From the latter findings we conclude that the combination of IL-2 and IL-1 for cytokine-induced anti-tumor activity may not, but a combination of IL-2 and anti-IL-1Ra might prove beneficial.     

IL-2和PWM对人淋巴细胞产生免疫球蛋白的影响

本文初步观察了IL-2和PWM 对人淋巴细胞产生免疫球蛋白的影响。将PWM、MLA-144细血培养上清(富含IL-2)分别加入人扁桃体和外周血淋巴细胞体外培养。用酶联免疫吸附试验双抗体夹心法,分别检测第七天培养上清液中IgG、IgM和IgA的含量。加入PWM(10μg/ml)或 MLA-144 细胞培养上清(1:5稀释)的刺激组,IgG、IgM、IgA 的含量均较对照组明显升高,三种免疫球蛋白比较,IgG、IgM 产量高于IgA。相同条件下,扁桃体淋巴细胞产生的IgA,高于外周血淋巴细胞所产生者。同时加入PWM和MLA-144细胞上清联合刺激组较加PWM 或MLA-144 细胞上清单独刺激组IgG、IgM、IgA的产量增高。结果说明:适当刺激浓度的 IL-2和PWM 对人淋巴细胞免疫球蛋白的产生有明显促进作用。一定条件下,PWM和 IL-2联合刺激诱生免疫球蛋白有相加作用。     

IL-2、IL-4和IL-7体外诱导人外周血淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞效应的比较

比较了淋巴因子ＩＬ－２、ＩＬ－４和ＩＬ－７在体外诱导健康人外周血淋巴因子激活的杀伤 （ＬＡＫ）细胞活性的效应。结果表明，ＩＬ－７可单独，亦可与ＩＬ－２、ＩＬ－４协同诱导ＬＡＫ细胞，而且ＩＬ－７ 诱导ＬＡＫ细胞的效应不被抗ＩＬ－２、抗ＩＬ－４所抑制。ＩＬ－７单独诱导的ＬＡＫ细胞活性高峰迟于ＩＬ－ ２或ＩＬ－４所诱导的活性高峰，且与增殖反应曲线一致。抗ＣＤ８抗体明显抑制ＩＬ－７诱导ＬＡＫ细胞 的效应，而ＩＬ－７诱导ＬＡＫ细胞的效应不能被抗ＮＫＨ－１所抑制。提示：ＩＬ－７ 激活ＬＡＫ细胞的效应 机制不依赖ＩＬ－２和ＩＬ－４，并很可能成为肿瘤过继治疗中的重要淋巴因子。     

松果体摘除及褪黑素对大鼠胸腺上皮细胞白细胞介素-7表达的影响

目的 探讨松果体摘除及褪黑素对大鼠胸腺上皮细胞白细胞介素7(IL-7)表达的影响及其意义.方法 1.培养大鼠胸腺上皮细胞,应用广谱角蛋白抗体进行免疫细胞化学显色鉴定;MTT法观察褪黑素(1×10-3～10-9mol/L)干预对细胞生长的影响;细胞分空白对照组、褪黑素10-8mol/L处理组和褪黑素10-6mol/L处理组,RT-PCR法观察细胞IL-7 mRNA的表达;2.选用清洁级雄性SD大鼠110只,分为正常对照组、假手术对照组、松果体摘除组、松果体摘除+褪黑素7.5ms/(kg·d)腹腔注射组和松果体摘除+褪黑素15mg/(kg·d)腹腔注射组.术后4周和8周取材,运用免疫组织化学和RT-PCR方法 观察胸腺上皮细胞IL-7表达的变化. 结果 褪黑素干预对大鼠胸腺上皮细胞的生长无显著影响,但能使IL-7 mRNA的表达水平呈剂量依赖性升高;松果体摘除对大鼠胸腺上皮细胞表达IL-7无显著影响,补充褪黑素15mg/(kg·d)4周后IL-7表达显著增高,8周后均下降至正常水平. 结论 松果体及褪黑素可能通过影响大鼠胸腺上皮细胞IL-7的表达,从而调节胸腺细胞的分化发育.     

中药多糖对柔嫩艾美尔球虫感染鸡细胞因子水平的影响

本文选用天然免疫活性多糖．香菇（Lentinus edodes）、银耳（Tremella fuifformisBerk）和黄芪（Astragalus membranaceus Bge）多糖,研究其对柔嫩艾美尔球虫感染鸡细胞因子IFN-γ和IL-2水平的影响。选择180只雏鸡并将其随机分为9组：3个多糖提取物添加组（LenE、TreE和AstE）,3个添加提取物并免疫接种疫苗组（LenE＋V、TreE＋V和AstE＋V）,1个球虫免疫组和2个对照组（球虫感染组和非感染组）。检测球虫感染后第7、14天鸡血清IFN-γ效价和脾淋巴细胞IL-2的水平。结果显示,球虫感染后第7、14天,添加多糖提取物并疫苗免疫组的血清IFN-γ效价显著高于单纯疫苗组（P〈0．01）。然而,单纯提取物添加组与单纯疫苗组之间没有显著差异。3种多糖提取物相比,感染第7天后,AstE组的IFN-γ效价最高,而TreE＋V组的IFN-γ的效价显著高于LenE＋v组和AstE＋v组。脾脏细胞IL-2产量与血清IFN-γ效价的表现基本一致。感染后第7天,提取物加疫苗免疫组的平均IL．2水平显著（P〈0．01）高于单纯疫苗组,提取物添加组的平均IL-2水平与单纯疫苗组之间没有显著差异。感染第14天后,多糖提取物添加组及多糖提取物加疫苗组的平均IL-2水平都与单纯疫苗组没有显著差异。IL-2产量在不同多糖提取物添加组间没有显著差异。本实验结果表明,多糖提取物抗球虫作用可能与刺激免疫细胞分泌IFN-γ和IL-2等细胞因子、提高T-细胞免疫应答有关;中药免疫活性多糖对球虫感染鸡有很好的免疫保护作用,当多糖与疫苗一起使用时,效果尤为明显。     

胰岛素对LAK细胞的增殖和杀伤活性的影响

LAK细胞调节因素的研究对揭示LAK细胞的内在规律以及免疫过继疗法的开展与完善均具有重要意义。实验发现胰岛素能促进LAK细胞的增殖,提高细胞的产率,但是胰岛素不能替代IL-2使经短期IL-2刺激的淋巴细胞继续增殖。胰岛素还能促进LAK细胞表面IL-2R的表达。这可能是胰岛素促进LAK细胞增殖的重要机制。     

Modulation of the IL-1 cytokine network in keratinocytes by intracellular IL-1 alpha and IL-1 receptor antagonist.

The IL-1 cytokine network in epidermal cells was studied in vitro, using the spontaneously transformed HaCAT human keratinocyte line. Intracellular (ic) IL-1 alpha and IL-1 receptor antagonist protein (IL-1Ra) following cell lysis were readily identified assayed using a capture ELISA; whereas in culture supernatants IL-1Ra was not detected, and IL-1 alpha was present at only very low levels. Confluent cultures of HaCAT cells were shown to provide optimal conditions for the study, since confluence increased the icIL-1Ra:IL-1 alpha ratio to a level as seen in vivo, which was independent of Ca2+ concentration in the culture medium. The IL-1Ra extracted from HaCAT cell lysates was functionally active, as demonstrated in the mouse thymocyte co-proliferation assay which could be blocked using a rabbit anti-IL-1Ra antibody. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta 1) stimulated a dose-dependent increase in HaCAT cell IL-1 alpha without changing IL-1Ra concentration, with a resultant reduction in the icIL-1Ra: IL-1 alpha ratio from 320:1 to 100:1. Similarly, TGF-alpha, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) substantially increased HaCAT cell IL-1 alpha, but had no effect on the IL-1Ra, with a concomitant reduction in the icIL-1Ra:IL-1 alpha ratio. In contrast to their effects on monocytes, IL-4 and IL-10 at biologically active levels had no effect on IL-1 alpha, IL-1Ra or the icIL-1Ra: IL-1 alpha ratio in confluent HaCAT cells. Hydrocortisone reduced IL-1 alpha to below the limit of sensitivity of the ELISA, and induced a small increase in IL-1Ra of questionable biological significance. Thus, regulation of the IL-1 cytokine network in keratinocytes involves modulation of icIL-1 alpha rather than of icIL-1Ra levels, and is markedly different from that noted in monocytes.     

The IL-1 system in HIV infection: peripheral concentrations of IL-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist and soluble IL-1 receptor type II

The proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β is thought to be involved in ongoing HIV disease. Furthermore, its naturally occurring inhibitors soluble IL-1 receptor type II (sIL-1RII) and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) may play a pivotal role in regulating its biological action. To investigate the involvement of the IL-1 system we determined serum levels of IL-1β, IL-1Ra and sIL-1RII in 90 HIV⁺ patients. The obtained values were compared with markers of disease progression such as CD⁺ count, 5′-neopterin, β₂-microglobulin and soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors (sTNF-R) p55 and p75 and then compared with C-reactive protein (CRP), granulocyte count, lL-6 and TNF-α. While IL-1Ra concentrations increased significantly with progressive CDC disease stages, sIL-1RII and IL-1β were not altered in our cohort. IL-1Ra showed statistical relation to decreasing CD4⁺ lymphocytes and increasing 5′-neopterin, β₂-microglobulin, sTNF-R p55, sTNF-R p75. Furthermore, IL-1Ra correlated positively with serum IL-6, TNF-α, CRP and granulocytes. In contrast, sIL-1RII and IL-1β tended to show an inverse correlation or showed no significant relationship to all these parameters. Il-1β was measurable only in a limited number of samples. IL-1Ra showed a clear relationship to acute inflammatory events as well as to the different disease stages. Our data suggest a dissociation between IL-1Ra and sIL-1RII serum levels which may indicate that the two IL-1 binding proteins have different pathophysiological roles in HIV infection.     

卵泡刺激素对大鼠胰岛素和胰高血糖素分泌影响的体外研究

目的研究卵泡刺激素（FSH）在体外对胰腺组织分泌胰岛素和胰高血糖素的影响.方法体外孵育大鼠胰腺组织并施加不同浓度FSH,应用酶联免疫分析（ELISA）方法检测上清液中胰岛素和胰高血糖素的含量.结果当FSH浓度小于10^-2IU/L时,胰岛素和胰高血糖素分泌量随FSH浓度的增加而减少;当FSH浓度大于10^-2IU/L时,胰岛素和胰高血糖素分泌量随FSH浓度的增加而增加.结论FSH在体外对胰岛素和胰高血糖素分泌具有相同的双向调节作用,FSH可能对胰腺内分泌具有调节功能.