森田疗法治疗强迫症1例

病人,男,24岁.7年前开始常反复关门和自来水龙头,总觉得门没关严,自来水龙头在滴水,精神紧张或人际关系欠融洽时症状加重,曾间断服用5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂,但疗效不显著,心理门诊检查:YaLe-Brown强迫症量表(Y-BOCS)评分17分,排除器质性疾病后予住院行住院式森田疗法.     

森田疗法在难治性癫痫治疗中的应用研究

目的:探讨森田疗法对难治性癫痫患者的癫痫发作次数、生活质量的影响。方法:对65例难治性癫痫患者通过门诊森田疗法进行心理干预治疗,采用生活质量量表-31(QOLIE-31)、Zung氏抑郁自评量表(SDS)和Zung氏焦虑自评量表(SAS)评定干预效果。结果:难治性癫痫患者存在焦虑(58%)、抑郁(63%)等心理障碍,与干预前比较森田疗法干预后患者SAS、SDS标准分明显降低(P<0.05);森田心理干预后患者总的癫痫发作次数明显减少(P<0.05),生活质量评分明显改善(P<0.05)。结论:森田疗法可以改善难治性癫痫患者心理障碍,进而减少癫痫发作次数,改善患者生活质量。     

个案管理护理模式在精神分裂症住院患者中的应用分析

目的：研究分析个案管理护理模式在精神分裂症住院患者中的应用效果。方法选取2015年1月～2015年12月收治的精神分裂症的患者95例为研究对象,按照护理方式的不同分成两组,观察组和对照组。对照组患者采用常规护理,观察组患者采用个案管理护理模式。对比两组患者护理前后SDSS评分、NOSIE评分。结果两组患者治疗前SDSS评分、NOSIE评分比较无明显差异,P＞0．05,不具有统计学意义;经治疗后,观察组患者SDSS评分为（4．71±1．32）、NOSIE评分为（204．12±32．45）;对照组患者SDSS评分为（8．35±1．62）、NOS－IE评分为（169．24±28．43）;差异明显,P＜0．05,具有统计学意义。结论说明个案管理护理模式对患者的改善效果显著,值得临床推广。     

住院精神分裂症患者便秘的干预性护理

目的探讨住院精神分裂症患者便秘的干预性护理措施及效果分析。方法选取精神科住院的精神分裂症患者46例,随机分成观察组与对照组各23例,两组患者在入院以后均实施精神分裂症常规治疗与常规护理,使用药物均相同,观察组在常规基础上,全面实施便秘干预性护理。比较两组患者在住院2个月内排便以及症状表现情况。结果观察组患者出现大便困难、大便干结、腹部胀痛以及饮食不佳的比率均显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论对住院精神分裂症患者实施干预性护理,能有效改善患者的排便善状况,降低便秘的发生率,对提高精神分裂症患者的治疗效果具有非常重要的意义。     

PET在精神分裂症中的应用

精神分裂症是一种严重而表现复杂的精神疾病，ＰＥＴ显像对精神分裂症病因、发病机制及治疗的研究都会起到很大的作用。相信ＰＥＴ受体显像将最终证实受体调节失控而非受体缺陷是精神分裂症的病因     

MRS在精神分裂症脑研究中的应用

利用磁共振波谱可以准确测量脑内代谢物的改变,为精神分裂症的研究提供了一种新途径.现综述MRS在精神分裂症中的应用现状及进展.     

精神分裂症190例转归分析

作者以日本浅井医院1992年5月20日在院的、病期10年以上的精神分裂症190例为对象进行了调查，现将资料总结如下。对象和方法根据病历调查了所有确诊为精神分裂症（均经3名以上医师诊断）患者的病期，结果10年（含10年）以上者190例．男98例、女92例。逐人做了调查，结果记入自编的“精神分裂症转归调查表”。一、病程分为波状型和单纯型。发病以来有一次以上达到痊愈或显著进步水平者为波状型，否则为单纯型[7].二、临床类型以Kreaplin的“终末状态”8种类型为依据，分为7种类型[5]，即幻觉型、单纯型、偏狂型、错乱型、幼稚型、冲动型、装…     

长期住院对精神分裂症患者社会功能消极影响的研究

目的探讨长期住院对精神分裂症患者社会功能的消极影响。方法用社会功能缺陷量表（SDSS）对连续住院6个月的社会功能进行测评。结果患者社会功能缺陷发生率为100％，其严重程度主要与住院环境，住院时间相关，在出院时，出院后3个月、6个月其社会功能总体水平存在极显著差异。结论长期住院不利于患者全面康复及日后回归社会，应加强非住院治疗及家庭教育等社区康复工作。     

MRS在精神分裂症脑研究中的应用

利用磁共振波谱可以准确测量脑内代谢物的改变,为精神分裂症的研究提供了一种新途径.现综述MRS在精神分裂症中的应用现状及进展.     

黄芪辅助治疗儿童缓解期哮喘疗效观察

目的研究黄芪辅助治疗儿童缓解期哮喘的疗效。方法选择60例哮喘缓解期儿童,分为激素治疗组（对照组）和黄芪加激素治疗组（治疗组）。临床上观察治疗前后PEFR值的变化及1年随访中哮喘的复发次数,并于治疗前后用ELISA法检测外周血清IFN-γ、IL-4的含量。结果治疗组总有效率（93.3%）高于对照组（73.3%）,有统计学意义（χ2=4.706,P〈0.05）。两组治疗前后各指标比较,PEFR%、IFN-γ含量有明显的升高（P〈0.05）,IL-4含量有明显的降低（P〈0.05）;治疗前两组PEFR%、IFN-γ含量、IL-4含量比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,治疗后两组各指标比较有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论黄芪有预防哮喘复发的作用,黄芪与激素合用,效果更佳。     

Cardiovascular diseases mortality in the population of Belgrade aged 30-69 years for 1990-2002 period

During the period between 1990 and 2002 in Belgrade population, almost every second person aged 30-69 years, died of some cardiovascular disease (CVD). Men, as compared to women, had higher standardized mortality rates from CVD (1.7 times), ischemic heart diseases (2.5 times), other heart diseases (1.6 times), and cerebrovascular diseases (1.3 times). During that period, the mortality from CVD increased by 18.6% in men, and by 10.0% in women. The increase in cerebrovascular disease mortality was 32.6% for men and 17.2% for women. Mortality from ischemic heart disease decreased twice as much in men (17.0%) than in woman (8.5%). In both sexes, the average age-specific mortality rates from CVD rised with the age. In women, the average age-specific mortality rates were 5 years behind those in men. In both sexes aged 30-34 years, the average mortality rate from CVD increased by 22.2% in men and by 14.1% in women, respectively.     

A modified synchronous shielding technique in rotation therapy

Synchronous shielding in rotation radiotherapy involves the movement of an absorber across the X-ray beam profile during a rotation treatment. This procedure can shape the cross-section of a cylindrical treatment volume to avoid nearby radiosensitive structures but often produces unacceptable dose variations within the treatment volume. These effects may be reduced by modifying the dose rate profile of the beam using wedge-shaped filters attached to the absorbers. A mechanism is then required to orientate the absorbers and filters during the rotation. A prototype device was constructed and assessed experimentally using a 6 MV X-ray beam.     

Use of the computer in high-energy electron therapy

The experimental determination of the dose distribution in the body of patients treated with high-energy electrons is very difficult and inaccurate as, among other things, the body contours and the size of the patient's organs are seldom identical with those of a phantom. With the aid of the computer, it is possible to elaborate quickly for each treatment isodose plans sufficiently accurate for practical application. The dose distribution depends on the following factors: number of fields or rotation angle, size of the radiation fields, electron energy, curvature of the body surface and shape and composition of the organs. With the aid of the computer, which is capable of simulating a multiple-field or moving-beam irradiation by the summation of the dose values of two or more single fields, the above-mentioned parameters can be changed as required and thus various types of treatment plans can be prepared. Prior to the treatment, the radiotherapist can select the optimal plan for the case in question from a number of possibilities.     

Prediction of remission in Graves' disease after thionamide therapy by technetium-99m early uptake]

In the clinical management of Graves' thyrotoxicosis, one of the most important subject is when to stop antithyroid drugs after achieving an euthyroid state. T3 suppression test and other methods have been used to forecast the outcome after drug cessation, but the results were not always satisfactory. We have attempted to predict remission of Graves' disease by single measurement of early technetium uptake without administration of triiodothyronine. Drugs were discontinued in the seventy-five patients with Graves' disease on maintenance doses of either methimazole or propylthiouracil who showed normalized uptake (4.0% or less). Of 64 patients evaluable after twelve months, 55 (86%) remained euthyroid, 8 relapsed, and 1 became hypothyroid. With its accuracy in prediction of short-term remission comparable or superior to T3 suppression test, this rapid and simple method seemed suitable for routine use in clinical practice.     

Use of a modified natural-rubber phantom for radiotherapy dosimetry measurements

The utility of a phantom material, based on SMR(L) [Standard Malaysian Rubber] grade natural rubber and a formulation used for the proprietary rubber phantom-material, Temex, has been examined for the 1-MeV photon-energy range using γ radiation from a ⁶⁰Co source. Measurement has also been performed with 60-keV photons using the radionuclide ²⁴¹Am. At photon-therapy energy levels the measured response, when compared with tabulated central-axis percentage depth doses for the defined measuring conditions, produces everywhere (in the range 1–19 cm depth) better than 2% deviation. The favourable measured response characteristics combined with the ease of processing and casting the phantom material provide the basis for useful radiotherapy machine calibration and anthropomorphic dosimetry measurements. The measured mass-attenuation coefficient, at 60 keV, of 0.204 cm² g^-1 (±3%) is in close agreement with tabulated values for water (0.2055 cm² g^-1).     

高原腹腔镜胆囊切除术围术期护理

我院自2006年引进电视腹腔镜手术系统运用于高原临床外科，针对高原环境特点，按照现代护理模式，即生命／生活、心理、环境模式的整体观点，我们作出确切而周密的护理处理，对预防及降低并发症的发生，改善预后具有重要临床意义。现报告如下：