碱裂解法快速提取口腔拭子DNA对CHRNA3基因多态性的研究

目的建立一种快速的从口腔拭子中提取DNA的方法,研究其在尼古丁乙酰胆碱受体α3(CHRNA3)基因多态性分析中的应用。方法以NaOH和乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)配制碱裂解液,以三羟甲基氨基甲烷-EDTA(TE)为中和液,经加热裂解和中和两步提取口腔拭子DNA。以提取的DNA为模板,用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析对CHRNA3基因的rs6495309进行分型。对不同基因型的样本测序验证。结果 PCR扩增和酶切的靶带清晰,无非特异性条带。酶切结果与测序结果吻合。结论碱裂解法提取口腔拭子DNA具有快速、简便、经济、可靠的特点,可以用于CHRNA3基因多态性的分析。     

巨噬细胞抑制移动因子rs755622位点基因多态性及血清浓度与脊柱结核的相关性

目的 研究山东地区脊柱结核患者体内巨噬细胞抑制移动因子(MIF) rs755622位点多态性和血清浓度水平与结核病易感性的关系.方法 选择脊柱结核患者110例和非相关健康对照者110例作为研究对象.提取基因组DNA.用DNA测序对MIF rs755622位点基因多态性进行基因分型,同时ELISA法检测MIF血清学水平....     

口腔拭子在药物性耳聋基因检测中的应用

目的：探讨口腔黏膜上皮细胞基因组DNA在药物性耳聋基因A1555G及C1494T突变检测中的应用,寻求基因检测中更简单快捷并无损的样本来源。方法：采集97例来自温州特殊教育学校非综合征型耳聋学生的口腔拭子和外周血,分别提取基因组DNA,进行浓度与纯度的测定、基因扩增及产物测序,比较2种样本来源及2种方法提取的基因组DNA的浓度、纯度、扩增成功率,并将测序结果与人类线粒体DNA剑桥参考序列进行比对。结果：口腔拭子DNA的手工法提取浓度（42.5±41.7）ng/mL与试剂盒法DNA浓度（44.8±43.4）ng/mL差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;手工法DNA纯度（1.45±0.73）低于试剂盒法（1.87±0.87）,两组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;二者扩增成功率与外周血差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;口腔拭子DNA的药物性耳聋基因扩增产物长短一致,测序结果完全相符,均显示A1555G突变阳性2例,阴性95例;C1494T突变97例均阴性。结论：无损性样本口腔拭子扩增成功率高,诊断结果可靠,可替代外周血作为药物性耳聋基因检测的DNA来源,具有一定的临床应用价值。     

三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1基因M883I变异对血脂的影响

目的:探讨三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1基因M883I变异是否影响人群的血脂水平。方法:对象选自中国西北地区汉族人460名,以蛋(ABCA1)白酶K消化、苯酚及氯仿抽提以及异丙醇沉淀的方法提取全基因组DNA。应用聚合酶链反应、限制性内切酶片段长度多态性结合测序的方法检测ABCA1基因单核苷酸多态性。结果:该研究群体等位基因ABCA1-M和I的基因频率分别为81.1%和18.9%,符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05)。在ABCA1-M883I的MM、MI、II的3种基因型中,高密度脂蛋白水平依次成上升趋势,MM型1.16±0.24mmol/L与MI型1.25±0.26mmol/L差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:ABCA1-M883I变异可影响西北地区人群的血脂水平,型携带者可产生有益的临床血脂谱。     

焦磷酸测序技术对阿司匹林个体化用药相关SNP位点分型

阿司匹林的抗血小板作用在临床存在显著的个体差异,而rs5918、rs12041331和rs730012 3个单核苷酸多态性位点与阿司匹林的药效和不良反应有着密切的联系。本文基于PCR结合焦磷酸测序技术,建立了阿司匹林相关SNP位点的基因分型方法。自主设计扩增引物和测序引物;优化PCR扩增条件,使3个位点能够在相同的条件下扩增并通过梯度稀释基因组DNA检测方法的灵敏度;最后,分别基于本文建立的新方法和Sanger测序技术对20例临床样本进行3个位点的基因分型,验证该方法的准确性。结果显示,本文成功建立了阿司匹林个体化用药相关SNP位点的基因分型方法,检测下限低至0.4 ng 基因组DNA,用两种方法对20例临床样本进行3个位点的基因分型,结果完全一致,说明该方法有较高的准确性。     

一管酒精法提取转基因小鼠胚胎组织基因组的实验方法及应用

目的:优化提取基因组的方法,建立高效、简便、快速提取基因组DNA的方法,用于大批量转基因小鼠鉴定。方法:用一管酒精基因组DNA抽提法抽提基因组DNA。结果:经过分光光度法检测基因组DNA浓度、纯度及电泳分析DNA质量,显示一管酒精抽提法提取的基因组与经典酚/氯仿提取法提取的基因组产量、纯度及质量没有明显差别;酶切全基因组后,2种方法获得的基因组都可以被酶完全切开;两者模板都能成功应用PCR扩增来鉴定基因敲入小鼠并可应用于基因组测序及Real-time PCR检测基因敲入小鼠中外源基因并鉴定其相对拷贝数。结论:一管酒精基因组抽提法得到的DNA质量可靠,可高效、简便、快速鉴定转基因小鼠及进行基因组DNA酶切、测序、Real-time PCR等后续实验。     

一种从口腔拭子中提取DNA的简易方法

目的应用简便方法提取口腔拭子中DNA,并用特异引物扩增,评估该方法的应用价值。方法用1×PCR缓冲液、MgCl2及蛋白酶K混合裂解液在PCR仪上对口腔拭子进行消化,并以该产物为模板,应用角蛋白5基因1号外显子及1号染色体上2个微卫星标记特异性引物扩增,目的片段分别用于测序和毛细管电泳。结果通过上述方法可获得用于PCR反应及后续基因测序及微卫星标记毛细管电泳分型的足量DNA。结论利用PCR缓冲液、MgCl2及蛋白酶K混合裂解液从口腔拭子中提取DNA是一种简单、高效、快速、低成本的方法,更是一种无创的采样方法。     

沈阳地区汉族人群TAP基因的多态性研究

业已发现 ,抗原处理相关转运体 (transporter- associatedantigen processing,TAP)基因具有遗传多态性 [1 ] 。为此 ,作者对沈阳地区汉族人群进行了 TAP基因的分型研究 ,以了解本地区 TAP基因的分布概貌。1　对象与方法1.1　研究对象　随机选择沈阳地区无血缘关系的汉族人群74例 ,每例肘静脉采血 3ml,提取 DNA待查。1.2　基因组 DNA提取　用盐析法 [2 ] 提取 DNA。1.3　 TAP的 DNA分型　各应用 3对引物和 4对双探针分别测定 TAP1肽链上第 333位 (I,V)、第 5 5 8位 (V,L)、第6 37位 (D,G)、第 6 48位 (R,Q)氨基酸 ,以及 TAP2…     

2种PCR方法扩增盐藻肌动蛋白基因3'旁侧序列比较

目的：比较扩增盐藻肌动蛋白基因3’旁侧序列的2种PCR方法。方法：用pvuⅡ、EcoR Ⅴ和StuⅠ3种限制性内切酶消化盐藻基因组DNA后，供2种PCR用，一种是连接介导法PCR(LMPCR)，与用人工合成的适配子相连并用适配子引物和盐藻肌动蛋白基因特异引物扩增未知序列；另一种是反向PCR(IPCR)，酶切后的DNA自身环化做模板，用2对基因特异引物反向扩增。结果：2轮PCR后，LMPCR中得到大量的非特异扩增产物，测序结果发现许多产物是由适配子引物AP2单独扩增引起。而反向PCR在得到pvuⅡ和Stu Ⅰ消化的自连文库中扩增得到2．5kb特异产物，经测序发现，片段两侧为基因特异引物，部分序列与已知序列相一致。Southern也进一步证实了IPCR扩增片段来源于盐藻基因组DNA。结论：IPCR技术在克隆基因旁侧序列时优于LMPCR方法。     

一管酒精法提取转基因小鼠胚胎组织基因组的实验方法及应用

目的：优化提取基因组的方法,建立高效、简便、快速提取基因组DNA的方法,用于大批量转基因小鼠鉴定。方法：用一管酒精基因组DNA抽提法抽提基因组DNA。结果：经过分光光度法检测基因组DNA浓度、纯度及电泳分析DNA质量,显示一管酒精抽提法提取的基因组与经典酚氯仿提取法提取的基因组产量、纯度及质量没有明显差别;酶切全基因组后,2种方法获得的基因组都可以被酶完全切开;两者模板都能成功应用PCR扩增来鉴定基因敲入小鼠并可应用于基因组测序及Real-time PCR检测基因敲入小鼠中外源基因并鉴定其相对拷贝数。结论：一管酒精基因组抽提法得到的DNA质量可靠,可高效、简便、快速鉴定转基因小鼠及进行基因组DNA酶切、测序、Real-time PCR等后续实验。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.