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1.
Mayela Rodríguez-Violante Amin Cervantes-Arriaga Cecilia Berlanga-Flores Angel Ruiz-Chow 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2012
Objective
To assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression in a Mexican Parkinson's disease (PD) population.Background
Depressive symptoms are frequent in PD and have been recognized as a major determinant of quality of life. Only two previous studies have partially addressed depression in Mexican PD patients.Methods
One hundred forty-seven non-demented PD patients were recruited at the movement disorder specialist clinic at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City. The following sociodemographic variables were collected: gender, age, age at onset, disease duration and disease severity in terms of Hoehn and Yahr stage. PDQ-8, NMSQuest and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were applied to all participants.Results
One hundred forty-seven patients were included (49.7% female). The mean age of the sample was 62.1 ± 11.7 years, the mean age at diagnosis was 55.8 ± 12.3 and the mean duration of the disease was 6.3 ± 5 years. A total of 49 (33.3%) patients were diagnosed with current depression. Depressed patients also scored higher in the NMSQuest even when depression/anxiety items were excluded. Differences were found in gender, UPDRS III score and HY stage, but after the logistic regression analysis was performed only the NMSQuest score and low education remained as statistically significant factors for depression in Mexican PD patients.Conclusions
Depression prevalence in PD Mexican patients is similar to other international reports. The main associated factor was the presence of non-motor symptoms. 相似文献2.
3.
Mark A. Stacy Harald Murck Kurt Kroenke 《Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry》2010
Background
The duration of clinical control of motor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) treated with levodopa/carbidopa preparations eventually starts to shorten, a phenomenon known as end-of-dose “wearing off.” The involvement of core nonmotor symptoms of “wearing off” (depressed mood, pain/aching, anxiety, and cloudy/slowed thinking) is not well understood.Methods
A post hoc analysis from a study to validate the self-rated 9-item, Wearing-Off Questionnaire (WOQ-9), which was designed to identify motor and nonmotor symptoms of “wearing off” in PD patients, was performed to compare the frequency and sensitivity of motor and nonmotor symptoms of “wearing off” from dopaminergic therapy.Results
Analysis of responses to the WOQ-9 from 216 PD patients found that individual nonmotor symptoms were reported by 25% to 50% and motor symptoms by 55% to 80% of patients. Individual nonmotor symptoms improved following the next dose of dopaminergic therapy in 43% to 53% of the patients who presented with such symptoms, whereas motor symptoms improved in 48% to 66% of the cases, suggesting both types of symptoms respond to dopaminergic therapies.Conclusion
Nonmotor symptoms of PD appear sensitive to dopaminergic treatment. These symptoms resemble those seen with depressive, anxiety, and somatoform disorders suggesting potential shared mechanisms as well as possible treatment implications. 相似文献4.
Tadaaki Kawanabe Asako Yoritaka Hideki Shimura Hideki Oizumi Shigeki Tanaka Nobutaka Hattori 《Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry》2010
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yokukansan, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, for treating behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in patients with Parkinson disease (PD; n = 7) and those with PD with dementia (PDD; n = 7).Background
BPSD are often seen in patients with senile dementia and have serious deleterious effects on the lives of patients and caregivers. Recent studies indicate that the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Yokukansan may be safe and beneficial for the treatment of BPSD patients.Methods
We treated 7 PD and 7 PDD patients for 4 weeks with Yokukansan and observed them without Yokukansan for 4 weeks. Changes in behavioral and psychological symptoms were evaluated every 4 weeks according to the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scale.Results
Significant improvements in behavioral and psychological symptoms, particularly in the incidence and duration of hallucinations, were observed in most PD and PDD patients after 4 weeks of Yokukansan treatment. No significant changes were observed in the laboratory tests, cognitive function, activities of daily living, or parkinsonism.Conclusion
Our results suggest that Yokukansan improves BPSD in both PD and PDD patients without worsening their cognitive function, ability to perform activities of daily living, or parkinsonism. 相似文献5.
Objectives
Many patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) often utilize complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). We aimed to survey the prevalence, spectrum of use, and factors related to utilization of CAM in patients with PD in Korea.Patients and methods
Between 15 December 2005 and 30 April 2006, we studied 123 patients with PD who volunteered to be interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires.Results
Ninety-four (76%) patients had used CAM. The mean cost of CAM paid by patients (out-of-pocket costs) was 102.3 US Dollars (USD) per month, while medical costs of treatment for PD paid by patients (out-of-pocket costs) averaged 72.8 USD per month. Patients using CAM sought to improve motor symptoms (57.6%), fatigue (19.6%), pain (4.3%), constipation (5.4%) or specified no single reason (13.0%). The spectrum of CAM use included oriental medicines (76.6%), traditional food (44.7%), non-prescribed drugs (31.9%), traditional therapies (7.4%), massage (7.4%) and behavioral therapy (7.4%). Factors related to current use of CAM were disease duration, degree of education, and daily levodopa equivalent dose. In a logistic regression analysis, the duration of PD was a significant factor for CAM use.Conclusions
These results suggest that a high proportion of Korean PD patients employed CAM, associated with high costs and serious side effects in some patients. 相似文献6.
Lucie Plomhause Kathy Dujardin Alain Duhamel Marie Delliaux Philippe Derambure Luc Defebvre Christelle Monaca Charley 《Sleep medicine》2013,14(10):1035-1037
Objective
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a risk factor for dementia in Parkinson disease (PD) patients. The objectives of our study were to prospectively evaluate the frequency of RBD in a sample of treatment-naïve, newly diagnosed PD patients and compare sleep characteristics and cognition in RBD and non-RBD groups.Methods
Fifty-seven newly diagnosed PD patients were consecutively recruited in a university medical center. All patients underwent two overnight polysomnography (PSG) sessions and were diagnosed with RBD according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Second Revision criteria. Daytime sleepiness was measured in a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT). Cognition was assessed in a standard neuropsychologic examination.Results
Seventeen PD patients (30%) met the criteria for RBD. The RBD patients and non-RBD patients did not significantly differ in mean age, gender ratio, disease duration, motor symptom subtype and severity, total sleep time, percentage of REM sleep, apnea–hypopnea index, mean oxygen saturation, and importantly cognitive performance. However, non-RBD patients had a significantly shorter mean daytime sleep latency than RBD patients (15 vs 18 min, respectively; P = .014).Conclusion
A high frequency of RBD was found in our sample of 57 newly diagnosed PD patients. At this stage in the disease, RBD was not found to be associated with other sleep disorders or cognitive decline. Follow-up is needed to assess the risk for developing dementia in early-stage PD patients with RBD. 相似文献7.
Juan Carlos Gómez-Esteban Beatriz TijeroRoberto Ciordia Koldo BerganzoJohanne Somme Elena LezcanoJuan J. Zarranz 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2010
Introduction
The presence of asymmetry in symptoms and clinical signs favours the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study is to analyse this symptom asymmetry as a function of different variables and compare it with other parkinsonisms.Materials and methods
201 Patients with PD were studied. The sample was supplemented with 29 patients diagnosed with MSA-P (according to the criteria established by the American Academy of Neurology) and 17 with PSP (according to the criteria established by the NINDS-SPSP International Workshop). The symmetry was evaluated, based on items 20–23, 25 and 26 of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, by subtracting the motor score for the left side from that for the right side. Those patients with a difference of one point or more were designated as being asymmetric.Results
Around 16.4% of patients presented symmetrical clinical symptoms. There were no differences between those patients with or without family history of the disease. Those patients with symmetric symptoms were found to have longer symptomatic disease duration (10.8 vs. 7.9 years), a worse mental state (UPDRS I: 3.9 vs. 3.2), a higher incidence of complications (UPDRS IV: 4.5 vs. 3.2) and had their activities of daily living (ADL) affected to a greater degree (UPDRS II: 13.0 vs. 11.0). Around 48.3% of the MSA-P patients and 52.9% of the PSP patients showed symmetric symptoms.Conclusions
The degree of symmetry is not useful in differentiating between sporadic and familial PD. However, the observation of highly symmetrical symptoms in a patient with short evolution time indicates that an atypical parkinsonism should be suspected. 相似文献8.
Eftichia Trachani Constantine Constantoyannis Vassiliki Sirrou Zinovia Kefalopoulou Elli Markaki Elisabeth Chroni 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2010
Purpose
To assess the impact of subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS) on the sweating function in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods
Nineteen patients with idiopathic PD (mean age ± SD, 61.58 ± 9.47) were examined immediately before and 6 months after DBS. Each examination session included registration of autonomic symptoms by means of a semi-structural questionnaire and recording of sympathetic skin response (SSR) from both palms and one sole. The neurophysiological measurements were compared to those of 19 matched for sex and age healthy controls.Results
Six months post-DBS motor improvement was amounted to 65.9% and the daily levodopa equivalent dose was decreased by 36.4%. Post-operatively, dyshidrosis manifestations were reduced by 66.7% (pre-DBS sudomotor dysfunction in 47.4% of patients and sudomotor fluctuation in 57.1% of the above patients). There were no significant differences in-between pre- and post-DBS results of SSR study. However, the number of patients with at least one abnormal SSR pre-operative was reduced from 6 to 3 post-operative. No correlation was found between this neurophysiological finding and the change of clinical symptoms of hyperhidrosis or the DBS motor improvement.Conclusions
These results, although based on a small sample, suggest that STN DBS, in addition to the effect to the mobility, might also favorably regulate sweat in idiopathic PD. 相似文献9.
Ali Alrefai Majed Habahbih Mohammad Alkhawajah Mohammad Darwish Waleed Batayha Yousef Khader Khalid El-Salem 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2009
Background
The prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) in Jordan is not known. This study describes the prevalence and clinical characteristics of PD in Northern Jordan.Methods
Patients with the diagnosis of PD seen at neurology clinics in three major hospitals in Northern Jordan during the period of March 2007 to April 2008 were enrolled. PD diagnosis was established using predefined clinical diagnostic criteria.Results
A total of 102 patients were included in the analysis (64 males; 63%, 38 females 37%). The mean age (SD) of patients was 63.3 (10.1) years and the mean age for onset of symptoms (SD) was 59.5 (12.1) years. The crude prevalence rate of PD was estimated to be 59/100,000. Clinical presentations of PD at onset of disease included; rest tremor (79.2%), bradykinesia (28.7%), rigidity (6.9%), gait problem (5%), and postural instability (2%). Eleven patients (10.9%) had a family history of PD. There was no association between the age of symptom onset, the presence of tremor, bradykinesia, or rigidity at onset, with stage of PD measured by Hoehn and Yahr scale.Conclusion
PD is a moderately prevalent disease in Jordan. The clinical characteristics of PD patients are similar to those reported in other countries. 相似文献10.
Objective
To investigate changes in the serum levels of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament proteins (NFs) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to determine their clinical significance.Methods
In this study, 82 subjects were divided into 3 groups: the PD group, the acute cerebral infarction (ACI) group, and a normal control group. The serum levels of GFAP and NFs were measured using a sandwich ELISA assay.Results
The serum levels of GFAP and NFs were significantly higher in the PD and the ACI groups than in the normal control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the PD group and the ACI group (P > 0.05). The serum level of GFAP in the PD group had no significant correlation with duration of the disease or age (P > 0.05). The serum level of NFs in the PD group was significantly correlated with duration of the disease and age (P < 0.05).Conclusions
The serum levels of GFAP and NFs were significantly higher in the PD group than in the normal group, indicating that astrocytic activity may remain elevated during the axonal degeneration that occurs over duration of the disease, although this activity is not specific to the disease. 相似文献11.
Gang Wang Zhen Hong Qi Cheng Qin Xiao Ying Wang Jing Zhang Jian-fang Ma Xi-jin Wang Hai-yan Zhou Sheng-di Chen 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2009
Objectives
To evaluate a Chinese version of the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) as an instrument for measuring non-motor symptoms (NMSs) in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease.Methods
We conducted a psychometric analysis of the Chinese version of NMSS using a cross-sectional study of 126 patients with PD. The battery also included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and was conducted by neurologists.Results
There were significant correlations between the NMSS and PSQI scores (rS = 0.63, P < 0.001), as well as the NMSS and ESS scores (rS = 0.38, P < 0.001). Furthermore, significant positive correlations between NMSS and GDS, NMSS and HAMA, and NMSS and disease duration were also observed. Importantly, the sleep/fatigue index of the NMSS significantly correlated with the PSQI and ESS findings, the mood/cognition index of the NMSS significantly correlated with the GDS and HAMA findings, and the attention/memory index of the NMSS significantly correlated with the MMSE findings.Conclusion
The Chinese version of the NMSS can be considered a comprehensive, useful measure for NMS evaluation in Chinese PD patients. 相似文献12.
Objectives
Previous studies found that people with Parkinson's disease (PD) walked at a slower speed and with significantly shorter stride length and/or increase in variability of stride length than control subjects. The present study aimed to examine whether difference existed in amplitude and variability of step length between control and PD subjects if they walked at a similar speed.Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. Thirteen PD patients and 15 healthy control subjects were instructed to walk at a similar speed on a treadmill under 2 randomized conditions: walking alone (Walko) and walking with digit subtraction of 3 (Walkcalculation). Amplitude of step length (cm), variability of step length (%), and percent accuracy of the calculation task (%) were recorded and analysed.Results
During both Walko and Walkcalculation, PD patients had significantly shorter step length and larger step length variability than control subjects (p < 0.05). When a cognitive task was added to walking, PD patients showed a significant decrease in step length without further change in step length variability (p < 0.05).Conclusion
As reduced step length persisted when the control subjects walked at a speed similar to that of patients, our finding suggests that PD patients had a fundamental problem in regulating the amplitude of step length during walking. 相似文献13.
Gülay Kenangil Dilek Necioglu OrkenEmel Ur Hulki FortaMunevver Celik 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2009
Objective
Fatigue and apathy are frequent in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Testosterone deficiency in male patients may contribute in development of fatigue and apathy as well. We investigated whether a possible relation exists between serum testosterone levels, fatigue and apathy in male PD patients.Materials and methods
We included 29 non-demented and non-depressed PD patients and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES-C) were used for the evaluations. In PD patients and healthy subjects, a relationship between FSS, AES-C scores and plasma testosterone levels were assessed. In addition, a correlation between FSS, AES-C and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale was investigated in PD group.Results
The mean scores of FSS and AES-C were significantly higher in PD patients than those of the control group. The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores were significantly correlated with FSS and AES-C scores. Mean free testosterone level was significantly lower in PD patients than controls (p = 0.008). f-Testosterone levels of PD patients were not correlated with FSS or AES-C scores.Conclusion
Apathy and fatigue are frequent in PD and show significant correlation with the severity of the disease. f-Testosterone levels are not related with apathy or fatigue in male PD patients and the role of testosterone in the pathophysiology of these non-motor symptoms is still controversial. 相似文献14.
Yasuhiko Baba Masa-aki Higuchi Hiroshi Abe Kouzou Fukuyama Rieko Onozawa Yoshinari Uehara Tooru Inoue Tatsuo Yamada 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2012
Objective
We studied the effect of anti-cholinergic therapy on axial symptoms that show a tendency to worsen over time after deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Patients and methods
We conducted a prospective study of 20 consecutive patients treated with the anti-cholinergic agent trihexyphenidyl after bilateral STN-DBS and assessed the effect of anti-cholinergic therapy on parkinsonism 1 month after its initiation using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS).Results
After a mean post-operative follow-up period of 22.3 months, the scores of axial symptoms on UPDRS part II (ADL score) and part III (motor score) deteriorated by 87% and 54% (baseline), respectively, compared with the pre-operative scores (P < 0.001 for both comparisons). After adding trihexyphenidyl to dopaminergic medication with stimulation, the scores of axial symptoms on UPDRS part II and part III improved from baseline by 33% and 39%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both comparisons).Conclusions
Our findings demonstrated that the anti-cholinergic agent trihexyphenidyl shows positive effect for a patient population developing deterioration of axial symptoms after STN-DBS. The results in the present study may provide insights into the mechanism of emergence or progression of axial symptoms in patients with PD after STN-DBS. 相似文献15.
Hirohide Asai Makito Hirano Yoshiko Furiya Fukashi Udaka Masami Morikawa Takashi Kanbayashi Tetsuo Shimizu Satoshi Ueno 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2009
Objectives
Sleep attacks (SAs) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are rare, but clinically important because they significantly impair the daily lives of patients. Causes of SAs include long-term activation of dopaminergic (especially D3) receptors. Recent studies suggest that SAs in PD may be related to impairment of hypothalamic orexin neurons, similar to narcolepsy. Whether orexin is associated with long-term activation of dopaminergic receptors remains uncertain.Patients and methods
We measured levels of orexin in samples of spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 25 patients with PD, including 9 with excessive daytime sleepiness and 4 with SAs. Furthermore, in the four patients with SAs, the selective dopamine D1/D2 agonist pergolide was substituted for the causative drugs with D3 stimulatory activity, and CSF-orexin levels were measured before and after switching treatment.Results
In the 25 patients with PD, including the 4 patients with SAs, lower CSF-orexin levels were associated with a longer disease duration, which has been linked to a higher incidence of SAs. Switching treatment to pergolide significantly increased CSF-orexin levels and completely resolved SAs in the four patients with PD.Conclusion
Despite the small number of patients studied, our results suggest that orexin transmission is most likely involved in SAs in PD and that abrogation of D3 receptor stimulation may increase orexin and thereby inhibit SAs. 相似文献16.
Eman M. Khedr Noha Abo El Fetoh Hosam Khalifa Mohamed A. Ahmed Khaled M.A. El Beh 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2013
Background
There is a lack of awareness among physicians of the considerable disability caused by non-motor symptoms (NMS) in PD. The aim of this work is to estimate the prevalence of NMS in a series of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Materials and methods
We studied 112 patients with Parkinson's disease. Motor symptoms were scored on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part III and the Hoehn and Yahr (HY) Scale. Other symptoms were quantified with the Non-Motor Symptom Questionnaire and Scale (NMSQuest and NMSS) as well as Minimental State Examination (MNSE).Results
Analysis of the data from the NMSS showed that mood/cognition was the most commonly affected domain (prevalence rate = 87.5%), followed by sleep disturbance/fatigue second (78.6%). However, all other non-motor symptoms scored highly: gastrointestinal and urinary (76.8% for both), sexual dysfunction (73%), cardiovascular (70.5%) with significantly higher percentage in predominantly akinetic/rigid patients. Perceptual problems/hallucinations (9.9%) were infrequent in this population. Dementia was recorded in 22.3% of patients, most of them having a mild degree of dementia. UPDRS scores were correlated with total scores in both NMSQuest and NMSS.Conclusions
Mood/cognition, sleep disorders, GIT, and sexual disorders were common non motor manifestations in this population of PD patients. 相似文献17.
Juan Carlos Gmez-Esteban Beatriz Tijero Johanne Somme Iker Bilbao Julen Fernndez Sabas Boyero Fernando Velasco Elena Lezcano J.J. Zarranz 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2009,111(8):665-669
Introduction
The aim of this study is to analyze the clinical differences between Parkinson's disease patients with major (MD) and minor depression (md) and to see how both affect the quality of life.Material and methods
118 patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The mean age of onset was 60.4 ± 11.2 years with a mean duration of 8.5 ± 6.2 years. Depression was diagnosed according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Scores on the Hamilton depression inventory, MMSE, PDQ-39, NPI-10, UPDRS III, and UPDRS IV were recorded.Results
Twenty-one patients (17.8%) met the criteria of major depression (MD) and 33 (28.0%) those of minor depression (md). The scores on the PDQ-39 and NPI-10 of patients with MD were higher than in patients with md, and control group. The MMSE scores were lower in patients with MD. In 52.2% of the patients with MD, the diagnosis of depression was made prior to that of PD, this occurred only in 24.2% of the patients with md (p < 0.001). The presence of anhedonia was related to cognitive impairment and the presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms.Discussion
MD is probably a part of the disease process of PD; it is associated with cognitive impairment and may precede motor symptoms. 相似文献18.
Kiyohiro Matsui Hisao Tachibana Toshiyuki Yamanishi Miyako Oguru Kazuo Toda Bungo Okuda Nobuyuki Oka 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2013
Objective
To investigate the prevalence and clinical correlates of anhedonia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to also examine the relationship between anhedonia and the QOL.Methods
One hundred and seventeen patients with PD completed the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI-II), Starkstein's Apathy Scale (AS) and a quality of life (QOL) battery. Hoehn and Yahr (HY) staging, the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were administered on the same day.Results
Anhedonia (SHAPS score ≥ 3) was diagnosed in 15% of the patients. The SHAPS score was found to be significantly correlated with the HY stage and the UPDRS (I, IVB, IVC, total), BDI-II, AS and STAI (State, Trait) scores. A multivariate analysis revealed that the BDI-II and STAI (Trait) scores significantly influenced the SHAPS scores. The SHAPS scores were found to be negatively correlated with the QOL.Conclusions
These findings indicate that anhedonia is associated with depression and anxiety. In addition, recognizing anhedonia in patients with PD is important since it may have a negative effect on the QOL. 相似文献19.
Introduction
This research deals with the topic of sexual life among people suffering from Parkinson's disease (PD) and with selected factors related to sexual functioning in these patients. Parkinson's disease is a serious chronic disease whose symptoms as well as treatment substantially affect the sexual life of the patients. Despite this fact, very little published work has dealt with this topic.Aim
This research focuses on describing the structure of deterioration of sexual functions of the patients suffering from PD, and statistical analysis of the interdependence of selected factors (age, duration of the disease, subjective score of the impact of the disease, depression, anxiety) as well as the patients’ sexual satisfaction. The most substantial factors influencing sexual satisfaction of men and women with PD are analysed and their impact assessed, the greatest stress being put on psychiatric factors.Methods
The research project examined a group of 103 people with PD. In order to identify the specifics of the patients’ sexual lives, two questionnaire-sets were designed (separate for men and women), containing psychological (BDI-II, STAI) and sexological (FSFI, IIEF, GRISS) questionnaires.Main outcome measures
The main outcome measures were depression, state and trait anxiety, sexual satisfaction, erectile function, the Female Sexual Function Index.Results
The acquired data was statistically elaborated using the programme SPSS. The results of the sexological questionnaires show a decrease in overall sexual functioning and the presence of sexual dysfunctions related to PD. With the help of regression models it was elicited that in case of men with this illness, the most influential factor on their sexual life is depression and their subjective scoring of the illness, in the case of women the prevailing factors are depression and anxiety.Conclusions
Sexuality for people suffering from Parkinson's disease is a very complex issue and psychiatric factors (depression, anxiety) have an important impact on the sexual functioning of the patients. 相似文献20.
Miura S Kida H Nakajima J Noda K Nagasato K Ayabe M Aizawa H Hauser M Taniwaki T 《Clinical neurology and neurosurgery》2012,114(4):352-355