非医学指征剖宫产孕产妇术前心理社会状况调查

目的探讨非医学指征剖宫产孕产妇术前心理社会因素,并进行相关综合分析,以指导选择合适的分娩方式。方法对待产孕妇（36-40周）461例采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）、支森克个性问卷（EPQ）及社会支持评定量表（SSRS）评定分析。结果孕妇产前SCL－90总分及其焦虑、恐怖、抑郁、偏执因子分显著高于常模（均P〈0．01）;孕妇EPQ各因子分与常模存在显著差异（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;试产时改为剖宫产组客观支持及总分显著低于试产时自然分娩组（均P〈0.01）;SCL-90总分与EPQ中P、N分及与SSRS客观支持分呈显著相关（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）;EPQ中的N分与客观支持评分及社会支持总分呈显著负相关（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,而外向分仅与社会支持总分呈显著正相关（P〈0．05）。结论孕产妇的心理社会状况影响其对分娩方式的抉择,应采取有效措施加以干预。     

慢性颈腰痛患者心理状况特点分析

目的应用SCL-90和SSRS研究慢性颈腰痛患者心理特点,提高慢性颈腰痛诊治水平。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),社会支持评定量表(SSRS),对217例患者的心理健康状况进行测验,并进行t检验和相关分析。结果患者躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、恐怖、偏执等因子分和总分、总均分明显高于常模(P0.01),强迫因子分高于常模(P0.05);心理健康状况与主观支持分和总分成明显的负相关,与病程呈明显的正相关。结论慢性颈腰痛患者病程可降低影响患者心理状况评分,主观支持可提高患者心理状况评分。     

HIV感染者和艾滋病患者抑郁状态与社会支持的相关性研究

目的 探讨HIV感染者和艾滋病患者(PLWHA)的抑郁状态与社会支持状况,以及二者之间的相关性.方法 采用Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对82例PLWHA进行问卷调查.结果 PLWHA的SDS评分(42.81±9.24)分,显著高于常模(P<0.01);50例(60.98%)存在抑郁状态;SSRS得分30.06±4.02,显著低于常模(P<0.01).PLWHA抑郁与社会支持呈负相关(均P<0.01);婚姻状况、文化程度、感染方式、病程及医疗费用支付方式影响SDS及SSRS得分(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论 PLWHA抑郁发生率高.社会支持水平较低;护理人员应采取有效干预措施提高PLWHA的社会支持水平,以改善其抑郁状态,提高其生活质量.     

妊娠剧吐患者的心理健康水平及其相关因素研究

目的探讨妊娠剧吐(HG)患者的个性、应对、社会支持等心理社会因素与心理健康水平的相关性,为有效实施心理干预提供依据.方法以艾森克个性问卷、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表和症状自评量表(SCL-90)为工具,对41例HG患者进行调查分析,并与46例无妊娠剧吐孕妇(对照组)进行比较.结果HG患者的SCL-90总分及各因子得分显著高于对照组(均P＜0.01);情绪的稳定性与SCL-90总分及所有的因子呈显著正相关(均P＜0.01);内外倾向性与总分及大部分因子呈显著负相关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);HG患者的应对方式、主观支持、支持的利用度及支持总分显著低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论HG患者的心理健康水平较低,需针对影响其心理健康水平的相关因素实施早期心理行为干预.     

肝硬化并发上消化道出血患者家属心理健康状况与社会支持的相关性

目的探讨肝硬化并发上消化道出血患者家属心理健康状况与社会支持的相关性,为临床护理干预提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表、社会支持评定量表对80例肝硬化并发上消化道出血患者的家属进行调查。结果除偏执因子外,肝硬化并发上消化道出血患者家属SCL-90其余各因子得分及总分显著高于国内常模(均P<0.01);其社会支持总分显著高于国内常模(P<0.01);症状自评量表总分与社会支持总分、客观支持、主观支持及对支持的利用度呈显著负相关(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论肝硬化并发上消化道出血患者家属心理健康状况较差、社会支持情况良好,社会支持与心理健康状况密切相关。应充分评估和利用患者家属的社会支持,促进其身心健康。     

发育性髋关节脱位患儿家长心理与社会支持状况调查

目的 了解社会支持对发育性髋关节脱住(DDH)患儿家长心理反应症状的影响.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)和社会支持评定量表,对96例DDH患儿家长进行问卷调查.结果 DDH患儿家长SCL-90总分(130.80±0.24)分,9个因子得分(1.21±0.58)～(1.85±0.56)分;SCL-90总分及抑郁、焦虑、人际关系敏感3个因子得分与国内常模比较,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.01);社会支持总分(36.73±7.26)分,3个维度得分为(9.29±1.32)～(16.52±4.87)分;社会支持总分与抑郁、焦虑、精神病性呈负相关,主观、客观支持维度与抑郁呈负相关,主观、客观支持及社会支持利用度与焦虑呈负相关,客观支持与精神病性呈负相关(均P＜0.05).结论 DDH患儿家长存在明显的焦虑和抑郁,获得中度社会支持;社会支持对DDH患儿家长心理有正性作用.在护理DDH患儿时要注重对患儿家长的心理疏导与支持,以使患儿家长密切配合治疗,促进患儿康复.     

妊娠合并急性胰腺炎患者心理健康状况及其相关因素分析

目的 探讨妊娠合并急性胰腺炎患者的心理健康状况及相关因素,为制订有效的护理干预措施提供依据.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、生活事件量表(LEs)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对30例妊娠合并急性胰腺炎患者进行问卷调查.结果 除躯体化和敌对因子外,妊娠合并急性胰腺炎患者SCI-90各因子分显著高于常模(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);LES总刺激及负性事件刺激与抑郁、焦虑、恐怖呈显著正相关(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);主观支持、支持利用度与抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖呈显著负相关(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).社会支持利用度进入SCL-90的回归方程(P＜0.01).结论 妊娠合并急性胰腺炎患者存在一定的心理问题,负性生活事件、社会支持利用度是影响其心理健康的重要因素.需针对上述因素进行护理干预,以改善患者的心理健康状况.     

更年期女性心理健康状况与人格特征相关性研究

目的 了解更年期女性心理健康状况与人格特征之间的关系,为制订提高更年期女性心理健康和生活质量干预措施提供依据.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)与艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对715名更年期女性进行无记名调查.结果 更年期女性SCL-90与全国成人常模比较,10个因子除躯体化和焦虑因子分高于常模外(均P＜0.01),其余8个因子分类似(均P＞0.05)或显著低于常模(P＜0.01);城市更年期女性躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对6个因子分显著低于农村更年期女性(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),仅偏执因子分高于农村更年期女性(P＜0.05);SCL-90各因子评分与EPQ各量表(除E量表与敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、其他,P量表与其他,L量表与躯体化、强迫症状外)均有显著相关关系(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 更年期女性心理健康总体水平正常,其心理健康与个性特征密切相关;城市更年期女性心理健康水平及个性特征优于农村更年期女性.对农村更年期女性应给予更多的心理支持及健康教育,以提高其心理健康水平.     

精神分裂症患者亲属心理健康状况及相关因素调查

目的了解精神分裂症患者亲属心理健康状况。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持量表、自编的疾病认知问卷对100例精神分裂症患者亲属进行测评分析。结果精神分裂症患者亲属SCL-90的总分及因子分中躯体化、忧郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性得分高于国内常模组(P<0.01);患者亲属生活困难组因子分躯体化、强迫、人际关系、忧郁显著高于不困难组(P<0.05和P<0.01);因子分忧郁、焦虑与疾病认知呈显著负相关(r=-0.463、-0.521);客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度与SCL-90各因子呈负相关(r=-0.382~-0.581,-0.228,-0.301~-0.552)。结论精神分裂症患者亲属心理健康水平低,并受经济、社会支持、认知等因素影响。提示对精神分裂患者亲属进行综合性心理干预是非常必要的。     

成人正畸患者人格倾向与心理行为特点的临床研究

目的:研究成人正畸患者的人格倾向和心理行为特点。方法:选取141例成人正畸患者,分为治疗前,治疗中和治疗后三组,采用艾森克人格问卷(Eysenck personality questionnaire,EPQ)、症状自评量表(Symptom checklist-90,SCL-90)进行问卷调查。结果:EPQ问卷,男性E量表、N量表得分高于常模,P量表得分低于常模,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);女性E量表、N量表得分高于常模,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);P量表得分与常模相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。SCL-90问卷,治疗前和治疗中组强迫因子得分高于常模,有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗中组精神病性因子得分高于常模(P0.05),治疗后组各因子得分与常模比较无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗中组女性的强迫和抑郁两个因子得分高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:成人正畸患者倾向于外向、情绪不稳定的人格特征,男性的外向倾向更显著,女性的情绪不稳定倾向更显著。     

女性更年期综合征与心理健康的相关性研究

目的 了解女性更年期症状与心理健康之间的关系,为提高其生活质量提供依据.方法 随机对800名更年期女性进行无记名调查,心理健康状况调查采用SCL-90量表,更年期症状评定采用公认改良的Kuperman评分法.结果 719名(89.88%)女性有不同程度的更年期症状.除关节痛、头痛有无症状者敌对因子评分潮热症状精神病性及心悸症状偏热评分,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05)外,有症状者SCL-90各因子分显著高于无症状者(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).症状重者SCL-90评分显著高于中、轻度者,中度者显著高于轻度者(均P＜0.01).城乡更年期女性肢体麻木、激动、抑郁、心悸4个症状评分比较,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.01).结论 女性更年期症状及症状程度与个体心理健康状况相关,随着更年期症状加重,其心理状况更加恶化,且城乡更年期女性在某些更年期症状发生上存在差异.因此,采取积极措施缓解女性更年期症状,加强心理护理干预,有助于更年期女性保持心理健康状态,提高其生活质量.     

The SCL-90R evaluated as an alternative to the MMPI for psychological screening of chronic low-back pain patients.

The efficacy of using the SCL-90R as an alternative measure to the MMPI in the psychological screening of chronic low-back pain (CLBP) patients was investigated. The MMPI and the SCL-90R were administered to 99 CLBP patients (63 men and 36 women) at the time of admission to a functional restoration treatment program. The SCL-90R was readministered after successful completion of the treatment program. Analyses indicated that there were significant changes on almost all SCL-90R clinical scales from pretreatment to post-treatment (P less than 0.01). Moreover, there were adequate levels of correlation between corresponding MMPI and SCL-90R scales (r ranged from 0.35 to 0.51). However, analyses of the interscale correlations of the SCL-90R indicated that it may be a single-factor instrument that assesses general psychological distress. It was suggested that the SCL-90R may be used as a screening device for psychological distress in CLBP patients, but if more detailed information about the patients' psychological condition is needed, the MMPI will be a more useful instrument.     

女性更年期综合征与心理健康的相关性研究

目的了解女性更年期症状与心理健康之间的关系,为提高其生活质量提供依据。方法随机对800名更年期女性进行无记名调查,心理健康状况调查采用SCL-90量表,更年期症状评定采用公认改良的Kuperman评分法。结果719名（89．88％）女性有不同程度的更年期症状。除关节痛、头痛有无症状者敌对因子评分潮热症状精神病性及心悸症状偏热评分,差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）外,有症状者SCL-90各因子分显著高于无症状者（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）。症状重者SCL-90评分显著高于中、轻度者,中度者显著高于轻度者（均P〈0．01）。城乡更年期女性肢体麻木、激动、抑郁、心悸4个症状评分比较,差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。结论女性更年期症状及症状程度与个体心理健康状况相关,随着更年期症状加重,其心理状况更加恶化,且城乡更年期女性在某些更年期症状发生上存在差异。因此,采取积极措施缓解女性更年期症状,加强心理护理干预,有助于更年期女性保持心理健康状态,提高其生活质量。     

The effect of relocation after a natural disaster

Twenty-five women remaining in a city devastated by an earthquake were compared with 24 relocated survivors and 25 comparison women. The women were administered a structured PTSD interview, the Hamilton Depression Scale, and SCL-90-R. The women in both exposed groups showed significantly more symptoms of avoidance, arousal, and total PTSD than the comparison group. The women in the relocated city had significantly higher depression scores than the women in the earthquake city. On the SCL-90-R, relocated women were most symptomatic and comparison group women were least symptomatic. Relocation after a disaster appears to be associated more with risk for depression than with PTSD in situations where recovery is delayed following the trauma.     

Internal consistency and validity assessment of SCL-90-R for bariatric surgery candidates

BackgroundPreoperative bariatric psychological evaluations often use both a clinical interview and psychometric testing. Given concerns regarding the psychometric properties of some measures, the present study explored the internal consistency reliability and validity of the Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90-R) and has provided a preliminary set of norms for the instrument within a bariatric population. Although the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery has included the SCL-90-R as a suggested measure for the assessment of personality and psychopathology, no known studies have reported on the reliability or validity of the SCL-90-R within bariatric samples.MethodsThe present study was completed at a large Midwestern medical center in the United States. SCL-90-R inventories were completed by 322 preoperative bariatric patients as a part of their psychological evaluation. Most patients were women (75.5%), with a mean age of 46.7 ± 10.8 years and a mean body mass index of 50.4 ± 10.9 kg/m².ResultsThe internal consistency coefficients for the 9 subscales were .76–.90. Convergent validity was demonstrated by scale correlations with the data gathered in the clinical interview.ConclusionCompared with other recently studied measures, including the Millon Behavioral Medicine Diagnostic, the SCL-90-R demonstrated good internal consistency and preliminary validity data for bariatric patients. Providers might want to consider the SCL-90-R as a screening measure for bariatric surgery patients.     

急诊科护士心理健康状况及其相关因素调查

目的调查急诊科护士心理健康状况及相关因素,为心理卫生干预提供理论依据。方法采用SCL 90 症状自评量表对74名急诊科护士进行心理健康测评,并与常模比较,对其相关因素进行分析。结果74 名急诊科护士SCL 90测评显示阳性项目数显著多于常模(P<0.05),躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、偏执和人际关系敏感等因子分显著高于常模(均P<0 05);33~45 岁护士躯体化、偏执、抑郁、强迫因子评分显著高于20~32 岁护士(P<0 05,P<0.01),20~32岁护士焦虑因子评分显著高于33~39 岁护士(P<0.01);未婚护士(包括离异护士4 名)强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执等因子评分与已婚护士比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01 或P<0.05);不同家庭收入的急诊科护士和偏执因子评分存在显著差异(P<0.01);家庭收入低下与中等的急诊科护士抑郁、偏执因子评分均显著高于收入良好的急诊科护士(均P<0.01)。结论急诊科护士心理健康状况差,与工作环境、工作应激以及工作经验有关,受年龄、婚姻状况和家庭收入影响,应进行心理卫生干预。     

COVID-19 infection and maternal morbidity in critical care units in Scotland: a national cohort study

BackgroundPrevious research has shown that, in comparison with non-pregnant women of reproductive age, pregnant women with COVID-19 are more likely to be admitted to critical care, receive invasive ventilation, and die. At present there are limited data in relation to outcomes and healthcare utilisation following hospital discharge of pregnant and recently pregnant women admitted to critical care.MethodsA national cohort study of pregnant and recently pregnant women who were admitted to critical care in Scotland with confirmed or suspected COVID-19. We examined hospital outcomes as well as hospital re-admission rates.ResultsBetween March 2020 and March 2022, 75 pregnant or recently pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were admitted to 24 Intensive Care Units across Scotland. Almost two thirds (n=49, 65%) were from the most deprived socio-economic areas. Complete 90-day acute hospital re-admission data were available for 74 (99%) patients. Nine (12%) women required an emergency non-obstetric hospital re-admission within 90 days. Less than 5% of the cohort had received any form of vaccination.ConclusionsThis national cohort study has demonstrated that pregnant or recently pregnant women admitted to critical care with COVID-19 were more likely to reside in areas of socio-economic deprivation, and fewer than 5% of the cohort had received any form of vaccination. More targeted public health campaigning across the socio-economic gradient is urgently required.     

反复性自然流产病人应对方式与心理健康状况的相关分析

目的 探讨反复性自然流产病人应对方式与心理健康状况的关系。方法 采用特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对46例反复性自然流产病人进行测试,并分析其应对方式与心理健康状况的相关性。结果反复性自然流产病人存在严重的心理健康问题。应对方式中消极应对得分明显高于对照组(P<0.01),积极应对得分与时照组比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。积极应对得分与SCL-90总均分、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对等因子呈负相关关系(P<0.05或P<0.01),消极应对得分除恐怖、强迫因子外,与SCL-90呈正相关关系(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 应对方式是影响病人心理健康的重要因素。     

The relationship between psychosocial distress and disability assessed by the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire in patients with chronic low back pain.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: In the assessment and treatment of chronic low back pain (CLBP) patients, the biopsychosocial model is used worldwide. Psychological distress has been reported to have a strong relationship with disability as measured with several instruments. The relationship between psychosocial distress measured with the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and self-reported disability measured with the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) has not been investigated. PURPOSE: To analyze the relationship between psychosocial distress measured with the SCL-90-R and self-reported disability measured with the RMDQ in patients with CLBP. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: This cross sectional study was performed in an outpatient pain rehabilitation setting. PATIENT SAMPLE: The study sample consisted of 152 patients with CLBP. OUTCOME MEASURES: SCL-90-R and RMDQ. METHODS: All patients admitted for multidisciplinary treatment completed the SCL-90-R and RMDQ before treatment. Pearson's correlation coefficients between SCL-90-R (Global Severity Index and subscales) and RMDQ were calculated. RESULTS: Correlation coefficients between SCL-90-R (Global Severity Index and subscales) and RMDQ ranged from 0.18 to 0.31 (p<.05). CONCLUSION: The relationship between psychosocial distress measured with the SCL-90-R and self-reported disability measured with the RMDQ in CLBP patients is weak.