软化眼球顶压巩膜法检查锯齿缘断离裂孔

锯齿缘断离容易误、漏诊，寻找锯齿缘断离裂孔是诊断的最可靠依据。笔者采用软化眼球顶压巩膜法检查眼底很易找到锯齿缘断离裂孔，取得十分满意效果。本组对３类不同情况的锯齿缘断离４０例（４８眼），分别用此方法与锯齿缘断离常规检查法寻找锯齿缘断离裂孔。对比结果表明：二者有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。此法简便易行，值得推广。     

青年性前部视网膜劈裂锯齿缘断离及视网膜脱离

目的：探讨青年性前部视网膜劈裂锯齿缘断离及视网膜脱离的临床特点、治疗及其预后。方法：对青年性前部视网膜劈裂锯齿缘断离合并视网膜脱离患者10例20只眼进行常规检眼镜眼底及Goldmann三面镜联合巩膜压陷检查，根据不同情况进行激光光凝，或巩膜冷凝外加压手术治疗，并随访1～5年。结果：共lO例，年龄17～32岁，8例为双眼患病，病变位于颞下，双侧对称。11眼同时患有前部视网膜劈裂、锯齿缘断离及视网膜脱离，3眼患有前部视网膜劈裂及锯齿缘断离，1眼仅有前部视网膜劈裂，3眼仅有锯齿缘断离其中2眼合并视网膜脱离。13眼合并视网膜脱离者采用巩膜冷凝外加压术，全部一次治愈，5眼行激光封闭锯齿缘断离及劈裂区。随访期间未见视网膜脱离，视力均有不同程度提高。结论：青年性前部视网膜劈裂锯齿缘断离及视网膜脱离有典型的临床特点，尽早发现、适宜治疗，预后良好。     

广视野系统联合手术显微镜直视下冷凝锯齿缘断离性视网膜脱离

目的 探讨应用广视野系统联合手术显微镜直视下冷凝治疗锯齿缘断离性视网膜脱离的价值.方法 对锯齿缘断离性视网膜脱离24例(24眼)借助广视野系统进行玻璃体切除联合手术显微镜直视下巩膜外冷凝视网膜裂孔,对手术疗效、冷凝手术时间、手术并发症等进行随访和评价.结果 术后随访6 ～38个月,一次手术治愈率91.7％ (22/24),另2眼二次手术获得解剖复位,盲目率从术前75％ (18/24)下降到术后6个月的33％ (8/24);手术冷凝时间(5.0±1.2)min;无严重并发症发生.结论 广视野观察系统联合手术显微镜直视下冷凝治疗锯齿缘断离性视网膜脱离具有手术方式简化,冷凝时间缩短,术后视力恢复良好,一次手术治愈率高及并发症少.     

视网膜锯齿缘断离53例

锯齿缘断离是一种特殊类型的视网膜脱离，多发生在青壮年。因本病的病变部位隐蔽，病情发展缓慢，未累及后极部时常无自觉症状，故常在发病较久后才初次就诊。我院自１９８０年以来收治锯齿缘断离病人５３例，报告如下。１临床资料１．１一般资料本组共５３例，其中男３１例，女２２例，年龄１５～６０ａ，右眼２３例，左眼３０例。有外伤史者１３例。屈光状态：一３．００Ｄ以内者８服，一３．００Ｄ～一６．００Ｄ者２３眼，大于一６．００Ｄ者７眼，余无屈光不正。１．２眼底表现（ｌ）锯齿缘断离的部位：颞上１３眼，颞下３１眼，鼻上５…     

锯齿缘断离误诊与漏诊的分析

锯齿缘断离是一种特殊类型的孔源性视网膜脱离，容易误诊，漏诊，报道的２０例（２４眼）锯齿缘断离中，被误诊或漏诊为中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变８眼，继发性视网膜脱离７眼，外伤性脉络膜视网膜病变５眼，弱视４眼，分析了误诊，漏诊的原因并论述了鉴别诊断的要点。     

儿童视网膜脱离的临床分析

本文分析了３７例４３只眼１５岁以下儿童视网膜脱离，其中男性３３例（８９．２％）。有外伤史２１眼（４８．８％），皆为挫伤。屈光状态以正视眼较多（２０眼４６．５％），而高度近视较少（９眼２０．９％）。视网膜裂孔以单个圆形者居多。锯齿缘截离仅７眼（１６．２％）且５眼有明显外伤史，认为两者关系密切。治愈率８１．４％。并对手术、麻醉方法及术中注意事项进行了总结讨论。     

锯齿缘断离术式选择与疗效的关系

报道５０例（５３眼）锯齿缘断离视网膜脱离的临床特点与术式。正确地选择术式视网膜复位率达１００％，其中１次复位率为９０．５７％，讨论了４种式的适应症，作用原理和复位率。认为正确选择术式与疗效有效密切关系。     

锯齿缘断离术式选择与疗效的关系

报告５０例（５３眼）锯齿缘断离视网膜脱离的临床特点与术式，正确地选择术式视网膜复位率达１００％，其中１次复位率为９０．５７％，讨论了４种术式的适应症，作用原理和复位率。认为正确选择术式与疗效有密切关系。     

青少年孔源性视网膜脱离113例临床分析

本文分析了３０岁以下孔源性视网膜脱离病人１１３例，男８９例，女２４例，男：女＝３．７：１。有明显外伤史者３９例，其中３４例为男性，外伤以球类碰撞伤为主，这是青少年网脱的一个特点是男性发病率较女性高的原因之。屈光状态以正视眼较多（６２眼，４８．５％）而－６Ｄ以上高度近视较少（４１眼３２％）。网脱裂孔以单个和圆形者居多。锯齿缘高断仅１９例（１４．８％），且１３例有明显外伤史，作者认为锯齿缘离断与外伤关     

锯齿缘断离早期诊断

锯齿缘断离又称前部视网膜分离。它好发于青少年,病变部位隐蔽,早期既不容易引起患者的注意,又难以被医生发现,因此,往往延误诊断。为了提高对该病早期诊断的水平,特将我院近十年来治疗的53例56眼锯齿缘断离作一总结分析。     

丝裂霉素C联合针刺分离治疗无功能滤过泡的疗效

目的 对青光眼滤过术后功能不良滤过泡行丝裂霉素C(mitomycin C,MMC)球结膜下注射联合针刺分离术,观察其疗效.方法 对25例(27眼)青光眼术后滤过功能不良患者行MMC球结膜下注射联合针刺分离术,观察眼压、滤过泡及不良反应.结果 术后随访6～48个月,平均(23.0±9.7)个月.术后3个月眼压均有下降(P<0.01),其中16眼达到成功标准,成功率59.3%,7眼为部分成功,占25.9%,4眼失败,占14.8%.结论 球结膜下注射MMC联合针刺分离术对青光眼小梁切除术后功能不良滤过泡是一种安全、有效及相对简便的处理方法 .(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2009,9:150-152)     

吲哚菁绿运用于白色白内障超声乳化术中的临床研究

目的：探讨5g/L吲哚菁绿溶液前囊膜染色在白色白内障超声乳化术中连续环形撕囊的临床应用效果。

方法：白色白内障患者98例98眼,随机分为两组,观察组50例50眼,对照组48例48眼。对照组不做前囊膜染色。观察组采用黏弹剂下5g/L吲哚菁绿溶液前囊膜染色,前囊膜染色针抽取5g/L吲哚菁绿溶液0.1mL,自辅助切口注入到前囊膜中央表面,留置30s,平衡盐液置换出多余染料。两组均应用撕囊镊连续环形撕囊。

结果：观察组前囊膜呈现均匀的淡绿色,能见度显著提高,有48眼撕囊成功,成功率96%; 对照组有29眼撕囊成功,成功率60%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后裂隙灯显微镜下检查前房未见染料颗粒残存及虹膜炎及眼压升高等并发症。前房炎症反应、角膜透明度与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义。

结论：吲哚菁绿前囊膜染色使前囊清晰可辨,可提高对白色白内障患者术中撕囊的成功率,从而减少术中并发症的发生,使超声乳化白内障手术初学者较快掌握连续环形撕囊术,改善初学者的学习曲线。     

Silicone oil in retinal detachment surgery. Results and complications

Results and complications with the use of intraocular silicone oil in 25 eyes operated on for complicated retinal detachment are reported. Most eyes had undergone several operations for detachment before silicone injection. The follow-up time after silicone injection was 12-48 months. In perforating injuries the outcome was quite poor, 27% received anatomic success (attached retina) compared to primary rhegmatogenous detachments with 57% success rate. Visual acuity was counting fingers 1 m or better in 56% in the whole group examined. Silicone oil was removed in 5 eyes. Of the late complications, keratopathy occurred in 3 eyes (12%), increased intraocular pressure in 4 eyes (16%), and cataract in 2 of 3 phakic eyes. Angiographic signs of iris neovascularization were obvious or suspected in 3 of 9 eyes examined.     

Nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy with reticulated hyaluronic acid implant versus punch trabeculectomy: a prospective clinical trial

PURPOSE: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect and complication rate of nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) with reticulated hyaluronic acid (SK-GEL) scleral implant versus traditional punch trabeculectomy (PT) in the management of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). METHODS: Prospective, randomized comparative study including 93 patients with uncontrolled POAG. Group 1 (43 eyes) underwent NPDS with SK-GEL scleral implant; Group 2 (50 eyes) underwent PT. Mitomycin C (0.2 mg/mL) was applied intraoperatively in both techniques. Study follow-up evaluations were conducted at 36 and 48 months. Complete success indicated the achievement of the target IOP without antiglaucoma medications, while qualified success indicated the same goal with medications. These categories were assessed at two target IOP levels, <21 mmHg and <18 mmHg. RESULTS: At 36 months for complete and qualified success with a <21 and <18 mmHg target IOP, no significant differences were noted between the two groups. At 48 months postprocedure when a <21 mmHg IOP target was considered, the rate of eyes that achieved complete success was 51.1% in the NPDS group versus 72% in the PT group (p<0.05). As for the <18 mmHg IOP target, the rate of eyes that achieved complete success was 32.5% in the NPDS group versus 44% in the PT group (p<0.05). Complications occurred significantly more frequently after PT than after NPDS. CONCLUSIONS: The IOP-lowering effects of the two procedures were comparable at 36 months. At 48 months PT showed a significantly higher rate of complete success compared with NPDS. Complications were more frequent after PT than after NPDS.     

Clinical features and treatment outcomes of intraocular lymphoma: a single-center experience in China

AIM:To investigate the clinical manifestations,diagnostic approaches,treatments,and outcomes of intraocular lymphoma.METHODS:In this retrospective study,16 patients(28 eyes)with intraocular lymphoma were recruited in the Department of Ophthalmology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,from 2004 to 2019.All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations.Vitreous specimens of 13 patients were sent for cytopathology examination and other adjunctive diagnostic procedures.Three patients were diagnosed with intraocular lymphoma according to analysis of the histopathological results of systemic lymphoma by one clinician.Twenty-three eyes were treated with intravitreal administration of methotrexate,4 eyes could not receive ocular treatment due to life-threatening lymphoma,and 1 eye did not require ocular treatment because the fundus lesions regressed after systematic chemotherapy.RESULTS:In 28 eyes,25 eyes were diagnosed with vitreoretinal lymphoma,and 3 eyes were diagnosed with ciliary body lymphoma,all of which were non-Hodgkin diffuse large B cell lymphomas.The final visual acuity improved in 15 eyes(54%),remained unchanged in 5 eyes(18%),and decreased in 8 eyes(29%).Anterior segment inflammation disappeared or reduced in 8 and 5 eyes,respectively;and 15 eyes had no anterior segment reaction.Twenty eyes had mild vitreous opacity,1 eye had mild vitritis,and 7 eyes had pars plana vitrectomy combinedwith silicone oil tamponade.Fundus lesions disappeared in 9 eyes and were relieved in 5 eyes;4 eyes showed no changes,and the remaining 10 eyes’fundus were normal.CONCLUSION:The clinical manifestations of intraocular lymphoma are diverse,and the misdiagnosis rate is high.Cytopathological analysis of vitreous is one of the gold standards for the diagnosis.Immunohistochemistry,gene rearrangement and flow cytometric immunophenotypic analysis can improve the diagnostic rate.Ocular chemotherapy or radiotherapy regimens may preserve visual acuity,and a multidisciplinary team can provide individualized treatment for the patients.     

复合式小梁切除联合晶状体摘除治疗中晚期闭角型青光眼

目的探讨复合式小梁切除联合晶状体摘除及人工晶体植入术治疗中晚期闭角型青光眼的临床疗效。方法对诊断中晚期闭角型青光眼的患者86例（94眼）随机分成2组。A组48例（52眼）行复合式小梁切除联合晶状体摘除及人工晶体植入术，B组38例（42眼）行传统小梁切除术，对其术后视力、眼压、滤过泡、前房情况进行观察及处理。结果术后第1天浅前房发生率A组为3．85％，明显低于B组30．95％（P〈0．05）。随访12个月，A组功能性滤泡占84．62％，较B组功能性滤泡66．67％为多（P〈0．05）。以不用降眼压药眼压控制在21mmHg，以下为手术成功标准。A组手术成功率92．31％，较B组69．05％为高（P〈0．05），矫正视力〉0．05的眼数A组为65．38％，明显好于B组30．95％（P〈0．05）。结论复合式小梁切除联合晶状体摘除及人工晶体植入术是治疗中晚期闭角型青光眼实用有效的手术方法，较传统的小梁切除术相比，手术成功率高，并发症少。     

Scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment associated with severe myopia

From Jan. 1, 1980, to Dec. 31, 1989, we performed scleral buckling surgery on 48 eyes of 46 patients for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments associated with severe myopia (greater than 5.00 diopters). Forty eyes of 38 patients were observed for at least six months, and the mean follow-up period was 46 months. Intraoperative complications occurred in four of 48 eyes (8%) and included retinal incarceration (two eyes), choroidal hemorrhage (one eye), and choroidal detachment (one eye). Three of the 40 eyes (7.5%) followed up for more than six months developed a recurrent retinal detachment and underwent a revision of the scleral buckle. At the last follow-up examination, the retinas of all 40 eyes were totally reattached. Final visual acuity of 20/40 or better was attained in 26 of 40 eyes (65%). Because of the low rate of intraoperative complications and the high rate of success, scleral buckling is recommended for most patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachments associated with severe myopia.     

Monocanalicular versus bicanalicular silicone intubation for nasolacrimal duct stenosis in adults

PURPOSE: To compare the success rate of monocanalicular versus bicanalicular silicone intubation of incomplete nasolacrimal duct obstruction (nasolacrimal duct stenosis) in adults. METHODS: In a retrospective, nonrandomized comparative case series, 48 eyes of 44 adult patients with nasolacrimal duct stenosis underwent endoscopic probing and either bicanalicular (BCI; n=22 eyes) or monocanalicular (MCI; n=26 eyes) nasolacrimal duct intubation under general anesthesia. "Complete success" was defined as complete disappearance of the symptoms, "partial success" as improvement with some residual symptoms, and "failure" as absence of improvement or worsening of symptoms at last follow-up. The last follow-up examination included diagnostic probing and irrigation if there was not complete success. RESULTS: Patient ages ranged from 31 to 90 years (mean, 69; SD, 11.5). Forty-five tubes were removed 6 to 17 weeks (mean, 9.1; SD, 3) after surgery. Premature tube dislocation and removal occurred in one eye with BCI and in two eyes with MCI. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 52 months (mean, 14.9; SD, 8.4). The complete success rate was nearly the same in eyes with MCI (16/26, 61.53%) and BCI (13/22, 59.09%). Partial success (MCI: 8/26, 30.76%; BCI: 1/22, 4.54%) and failure (MCI: 2/26, 7.69%; BCI: 8/22, 36.36%) were, however, significantly different (p=0.010). Complications included 3 slit puncta with BCI and 4 temporary superficial punctuate keratopathy after MCI. CONCLUSIONS: MCI had virtually the same complete success rate as BCI, a higher partial success rate than BCI, and a lower failure rate than BCI in treatment of nasolacrimal duct stenosis in adults.     

显微镜下直接断端寻找法吻合下泪小管断裂50例

目的:探讨断裂泪小管内侧断端的位置规律及减少术后并发症的方法,提高急诊泪小管断裂吻合术的成功率。方法:在显微镜下直接寻找断裂的下泪小管泪囊侧开口,以硬膜外导管作为支撑吻合泪小管断端。结果:50例下泪小管断裂中48例均成功吻合。结论:该方法是一种简便易行可靠的泪小管吻合方法。     

早期泪道探通术治疗先天性鼻泪管阻塞的疗效观察

目的 探讨先天性鼻泪管阻塞(congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction,CNLDO)的最佳治疗时机,阻塞部位的不同对探通术成功率的影响,以及重复探通术的成功率.方法 对804例(976只眼)1～48个月CNLDO患儿行表面麻醉下泪道探通术,按不同年龄组、不同阻塞部位和重复探通术的疗效进行回顾性分析.结果 经过治疗治愈958只眼,总治愈率为98.2%.不同年龄组探通成功率差异有统计学意义(x2=163.9,P<0.005),其中1～3个月婴儿的成功率为98.5%,高于其他年龄组.66只眼接受二、三次探通术,主要是鼻泪管多处阻塞者,占84.8%.一次探通的治愈率与二、三次探通的治愈率差异有统计学意义(x2=186.0,P<0.005);二次探通与三次探通比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.18,P>0.025).结论 CNLDO患儿选择早期泪道探通的最佳治疗时机是1～3个月,鼻泪管多处阻塞患儿重复探通率高,2～3次探通不成功者应尽早采用其他方法进行治疗.