肝切除术后慢性疼痛的影响因素

目的：探讨肝切除术后慢性疼痛（CPSP）的影响因素。
方法：选择2019年6月至2021年5月择期行肝切除术的患者110例,男91例,女19例,年龄≥18岁,BMI 15～30 kg/m²,ASA Ⅱ或Ⅲ级。根据术后3个月是否诊断CPSP将患者分为两组：非CPSP组和CPSP组。单因素分析后将差异有统计学意义的指标纳入多因素Logistic回归,分析肝切除术CPSP的影响因素。采用回归系数以及常数项构建肝切除术CPSP的预测模型,绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线并计算曲线下面积（AUC）,采用Hosmer-Lemeshow进行拟合优度检验。
结果：有42例（38%）患者肝切除术后发生CPSP。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,BMI≥25 kg/m²是发生CPSP的保护因素,手术时间≥3 h、术后1 d白细胞计数≥13×10⁹/L、术后24 h VAS疼痛评分≥4分是发生CPSP的危险因素。建立的预测模型的AUC为0.86,敏感性73.8%,特异性79.4%,Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验提示模型区分度和校准度均较好。
结论：BMI≥25 kg/m²是肝脏切除术发生CPSP的保护因素,手术时间≥3 h、术后1 d白细胞计数≥13×10⁹/L、术后24 h VAS疼痛评分≥4分是肝脏切除术发生CPSP的危险因素。     

脾切除治疗原发性血小板减少性紫癜的疗效观察

目的　观察脾切除对原发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)的治疗效果。方法　对我院 1990～ 1999年内科治疗无效的 7例ITP患者行脾切除手术 ,并对其临床疗效进行观察。全组患者术后随访 6个月至 8年。结果　 7例患者术前血小板计数平均为 3 2× 10 9 L ,术后第 3天、7天、1个月、2个月及半年血小板平均值分别上升为 191× 10 9 L、3 5 4× 10 9 L、3 17× 10 9 L、2 0 0× 10 9 L和 15 1× 10 9 L ,本组患者血小板均于术后 1周内恢复正常 (≥10 0× 10 9 L) ;术后半年血小板在正常范围者 6例 ,治愈 6 7,显效 1例。术后各阶段血小板计数与术前的差异均有显著性意义。结论　术前病程长短与手术疗效无相关关系 ,脾切除治疗ITP有效。     

肝硬化脾亢伴血小板减少的围手术期处理

目的　研究肝硬化脾功能亢进伴重度血小板减少的围手术期处理及脾切除术后血小板动态变化的临床意义。方法　收集2 0 0 1年1月～2 0 0 4年5月已行手术治疗的32例肝硬化脾大脾亢、血小板计数<5 0×10 9/L患者,观察其手术前后血小板计数的变化趋势、分析围手术期处理及其治疗效果等。结果　通过术前保肝、纠正低蛋白血症、出血倾向、术中预先结扎脾动脉,血小板计数<30×10 9/L时,输注浓缩血小板等措施,32例病人在术中、术后的凝血机制良好,无一例发生难以控制的大出血者,病人住院时间在15～2 6 d,平均19.3d,均痊愈出院。术后患者的血小板数迅速上升和术前比较即有显著意义(P<0 .0 5 ) ;术后第1天的血小板计数值和手术前的比较已有极显著意义(P<0 .0 0 1) ,以后继续上升至术后第10天达到峰点(5 0 2±184 )×10 9/L )并超过正常值范围,随后渐达正常范围内。结论　1术前保肝、纠正低蛋白血症、出血倾向、术中预结扎脾动脉是减少术中、术后出血的必要措施;血小板计数<30×10 9/L ,是术前输浓缩血小板的指征。2脾切除后血小板有规律性动态变化,指导临床抗凝用药。     

急性特发性血小板减少性紫癜的脾切除治疗

本文报告15例急性特发性血小板减少性紫癜(急性ITP)伴全身多部位出血(其中合并脑出血8例)的脾切除治疗,除1例脑出血深昏迷于手术后7小时死亡外,其他14例术后一月内临床出血等症状消失、偏瘫恢复,血小板(BPC)计数从平均7×10~9/L上升至398×10~9/L,取得了明显疗效,因此,对于内科治疗无效的急性ITP应抓紧时机立即行脾切除治疗。     

控制性低中心静脉压对腹腔镜肝癌切除术患者中心静脉血氧饱和度和乳酸的影响

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝癌切除术中硝酸甘油控制性低中心静脉压（CLCVP）对患者术中中心静脉血氧饱和度（ScvO₂）和动脉血乳酸（Lac）的影响。
方法 选择择期行腹腔镜肝癌切除术患者50例,男27例,女23例,年龄36～64岁,BMI 18~25 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表将患者随机分为两组：CLCVP组（L组）和对照组（C组）,每组25例。L组在切肝前5 min通过静脉泵注硝酸甘油0.2～0.5 μg·kg^-1·min^-1,维持CVP≤5 cmH₂O;C组常规输液并维持CVP 6～12 cmH₂O。记录术中出血量、输液量和苏醒时间,记录切肝前15 min、切肝中10、40 min、切肝后30 min的ScvO₂、Lac、HR和MAP。记录术后不良反应的发生情况。
结果 与C组比较,L组术中出血量和输液量明显降低（P＜0.05）。与切肝前15 min比较,切肝中10、40 min,L组ScvO₂和MAP明显降低（P＜0.05）;切肝中10 min,L组HR明显增快（P＜0.05）。与C组比较,切肝中10、40 min,L组ScvO₂和MAP明显降低（P＜0.05）。两组苏醒时间、术后不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义。
结论 腹腔镜肝切除术中硝酸甘油CLCVP可有效减少术中出血,使ScvO₂下降,对Lac值无明显影响,且不增加不良反应。     

肝细胞癌合并肝硬化患者肝切除联合脾切除的临床意义探讨

目的探讨肝细胞癌合并肝硬化患者肝癌切除时联合脾切除的临床意义。方法将我科收治肝癌合并肝硬化患者分成 2组 ,即切脾组 (11例 )和保脾组 (15例 ) ,比较 2组患者手术前后肝功能与血象改变。结果切脾组术后 14d白细胞和血小板计数分别为 (8 9± 1 6 )× 10 9/L、(310±32 )× 10 9/L ,明显高于保脾组 (3 7± 1 4 )× 10 9/L和 (10 4± 4 1)× 10 9/L(P <0 0 1)。术后第 7天切脾组血清总胆红素为 (2 4± 7) μmol/L ,低于不切脾组 (37± 13) μmol/L ,P <0 0 5。 2组间术后并发症发生率差异无显著意义。结论肝细胞癌合并肝硬化患者肝癌切除时联合脾切除提高白细胞和血小板计数 ,减轻术后肝脏胆红素代谢负担 ,但术后并发症发生率并未明显增加     

脾功能亢进伴中、重度血小板减少的围手术期处理

目的　探讨脾功能亢进 (脾亢 )伴中、重度血小板减少的围手术期处理方法。方法　回顾性分析 1995年 1月至 1999年 12月手术治疗 2 8例脾亢伴中、重度血小板减少患者 ,围手术期处理及其治疗效果。结果　血小板计数 >2 0× 10 9/ L 2 6例中 ,2 5例术中先结扎脾动脉后切除脾脏 ,术中、术后出血少 ;血小板计数 <2 0× 10 9/ L 2例 ,术前均输浓缩血小板 2 0 0 ml,其中 1例术中未予先结扎脾动脉 ,术中、术后腹腔出血多。术后 2 4h内 12例测定了血小板计数 ,9例≥ 5 0× 10 9/ L。本组无 1例死亡。结论　 (1)术前护肝、辅以静脉营养、改善凝血功能 ,使肝功能达 B级或 B级以上 ,PT值 <2 2 s,是保证手术安全的基础 ;(2 )术中先结扎脾动脉 ,后切除脾脏 ,是减少术中出血的重要措施 ;(3)术前血小板计数 <2 0× 10 9/ L ,是术前输浓缩血小板的指征     

胰十二指肠切除术后手术部位感染的危险因素分析

目的 分析引起胰十二指肠切除术（PD）后手术部位感染（SSI）的危险因素。
方法 回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月择期行PD 1 688例患者的临床资料,男1 047例,女641例,年龄18~87岁,BMI 14~40 kg/m²,ASA Ⅰ—Ⅲ级。记录性别、年龄、BMI、ASA分级、术前合并症、术前检验结果、影像学资料、麻醉时间、手术时间、手术方式、麻醉用药、患者术后去向等。根据术后是否发生SSI将患者分为两组：感染组（n=301）和非感染组（n=1 387）。采用单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析PD术后发生SSI的危险因素。
结果 单因素分析结果显示,感染组BMI、丙氨酸氨基转移酶＞100 U/L的比例、血清白蛋白、白细胞计数及术后进入ICU的比例均明显高于非感染组（P＜0.05）,手术时间以及麻醉时间明显长于非感染组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,BMI (每增加1 kg/m²,OR=1.075, 95%CI 1.034~1.118,P＜0.001)、术前丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平＞100 U/L (OR=1.317, 95%CI 1.013~1.707, P=0.039)、术前白细胞计数＞10×10⁹/L (OR=1.920, 95%CI 1.160~3.089, P=0.009)及术后进入ICU (OR=2.317, 95%CI 1.796~2.994, P＜0.001)是PD术后SSI发生的独立危险因素。
结论 BMI每增加1 kg/m²、术前白细胞>10×10⁹/L、丙氨酸氨基转移酶水平>100 U/L以及术后进入ICU是胰十二指肠切除术后发生手术部位感染的危险因素。     

可控弹簧圈限制TIPS分流道血流治疗难治性肝性脑病

目的 观察Interlock可控弹簧圈限制分流道血流对TIPS术后难治性肝性脑病的干预效果。方法 对5例TIPS术后难治性肝性脑病患者以Interlock可控弹簧圈限制分流道血流,观察治疗效果。结果 5例共用7枚可控弹簧圈,其中10 mm×25 cm 3枚,15 mm×25 cm 1枚,10 mm×40 cm 3枚。限流术后配合内科对症治疗,1例患者明显好转,未出现肝性脑病症状;2例限流后2个月内仍反复发生肝性脑病,予以再次弹簧圈限流后症状消失;2例限流术后半个月出现腹胀、腹腔积液等门静脉高压症状,选用8 mm×60 mm球囊扩张原支架分流道处弹簧圈,植入8 mm×60 mm镍钛合金裸支架,之后未再出现肝性脑病及门静脉高压症状。结论 以可控弹簧圈限制分流道血流治疗TIPS术后难治性肝性脑病（5例）安全可靠。     

血液病病人急腹症手术时术前处理

血液病病人急腹症手术时术前处理是临床医师一个颇为棘手的难题。许多血液病患者一般都有明显的血细胞减少或凝血因子缺乏,给手术的顺利进行增添一定的困难,其中尤以出血最为严重。一、血小板减少血小板减少最常见的原因有免疫性血小板减少性紫瘢(ITP)、再障和急性白血病等。一般认为,血小板<50×10~9/L,外科手术后伤口渗血的可能性较大,<30×10~9/L 则往往有自发性出血。临床上术前常用的方法有以下3种:     

Should We Routinely Transfuse Platelet for Immune Thrombocytopenia Patients with Platelet Count Less Than 10 × 109/L Who Underwent Laparoscopic Splenectomy?

Background

Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is considered as the gold standard procedure for patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). In many institutions, platelet counts less than 10 × 10⁹/L contraindicate LS.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the safety and feasibility of LS for ITP patients with platelet counts less than 10 × 10⁹/L.

Methods

A total of 88 cases of LS were performed for ITP patients from June 2010 to December 2012. The patients were prospectively divided into three groups based on their immediate preoperative platelet count: < 10 × 10⁹/L (group 1); 10 × 10⁹/L to 30 × 10⁹/L (group 2); and > 30 × 10⁹/L (group 3). We collected the patients’ demographic characteristics, perioperative details, and platelet count response to surgery.

Results

The patients in the three groups had comparable demographic characteristics. Only one patient in group 1 required conversion (2.4 %). The patients in group 1 experienced more blood loss than those in group 3, but this was not statistically significant. There were no significant differences between group 2 and group 3 in terms of operating time and blood loss. No statistically significant differences were found between the three groups with regard to complications and postoperative hospital stay.

Conclusions

It is safe and feasible to perform LS in ITP patients with platelet count less than 10 × 10⁹/L, without platelet transfusion. The indication for platelet transfusion during LS for ITP patients should be the bleeding manifestations due to thrombocytopenia other than low platelet count itself.     

Platelet count on preoperative day 1 predicts the long-term responses to laparoscopic splenectomy for Chinese patients with medically refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

Background

Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is regarded as a second-line treatment for medically refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), but the predictive factors for the long-term postoperative responses to ITP are still a matter of debate. We aimed to investigate the factors that can predict the long-term response after LS for Chinese patients with medically refractory ITP.

Methods

From January 2011 to September 2016, 78 Chinese patients with ITP who underwent LS were retrospectively analyzed. Twelve parameters were analyzed by univariate and multivariate methods.

Results

Univariate analysis revealed that platelet count on preoperative day (PRD) 1 (P?<?0.001) and operative time (P?=?0.011) were significantly associated with long-term response of ITP after LS. Multivariate analysis revealed that platelet count on PRD 1 was a predictive factor of long-term response (P?<?0.001). Furthermore, a long-term, stable response of platelet count on PRD 1 of >?30.0?×?10⁹/L was easier to achieve than a platelet count on PRD 1?≤?30.0?×?10⁹/L after LS for ITP.

Conclusions

LS is a valuable and effective option in the treatment of medically refractory ITP. Platelet count on PRD 1 is an independent predicting factor for long-term response after LS for Chinese patients with ITP.

     

Preoperative platelet transfusions: A retrospective review of pediatric patients with thrombocytopenia, 2011–2016

BackgroundThrombocytopenia is a common perioperative clinical problem and preoperative platelet transfusion prior to surgery is standard practice. Recent platelet trials and literature reviews have found no association between platelet count and bleeding incidence except when platelet count is extremely low. Our aim was to evaluate the bleeding risk and the overall platelet transfusion management among pediatric patients with severe thrombocytopenia based on whether they were preoperatively transfused versus transfused at time of incision.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients with a platelet count ≤50 × 10⁹/L in the 12 h prior to surgery at a single tertiary pediatric hospital from 2011 to 2016. Eligible patients were ≤21 years old. Patients with necrotizing enterocolitis and neonates were excluded. The primary outcome was postoperative bleeding complications. Additional outcomes were preoperative platelet change and weight adjusted transfusion volumes.ResultsA total of 37 patients were included in this analysis of which 29 (78%) received preoperative platelet transfusions within 12 h prior to surgery. No postoperative bleeding complications occurred 30 days after operation, regardless of preoperative transfusion status. There was no significant difference in platelet change by preoperative transfusion status and preoperative transfusion volume was a poor predictor of change in preoperative platelet count (crude: r²=0.19, age/gender adjusted: r²=0.48).ConclusionPatients transfused at time of surgical procedure did not have an increased risk of bleeding over those preoperatively transfused. This finding is in agreement with previous studies in adult populations, supporting the safety of deferring platelet transfusions until the time of incision for thrombocytopenic pediatric surgical patients.Level of evidence: III     

Thrombocytopenia in Renal Failure in a Developing Country

A retrospective study over a 3-year period was done looking at predialysis platelet levels, in particular, thrombocytopenia. Seventy-five patients with acute renal failure (ARF) and 75 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), treated at King Edward VIII Hospital, were randomly chosen. Platelet counts were performed on a coulter counter (S+2) and counts of less than 150 × 10⁹/L were considered as thrombocytopenia. Of the 75 CRF patients, 47 were males. Eleven (14.7%) were thrombocytopenic with a mean platelet count of 118.3 × 10⁹/L and a range of 83-146 × 10⁹/L. The mean creatinine level was 1510µg/L. The remaining nonthrombocytopenic patients had a mean platelet count of 268 × 10⁹/L and a mean creatinine of 1080µg/L. Of the ARF patients, 39 were males. Twenty-two (29.3%) had thrombocytopenia with a mean platelet count of 98 × 10⁹/L and a range of 22-147 × 10⁹/L. The mean creatinine level was 819 µg/L. The remaining nonthrombocytopenic patients had a mean platelet count of 319 × 10⁹/L and a mean creatinine of 1020 µg/L. In CRF patients no correlation was found between thrombocytopenia and the disease process. Creatinine levels appear to be higher in the thrombocytopenia group than in the nonthrombocytopenic group. In the ARF group of patients, females had a higher frequency of thrombocytopenia than males. Obstetrical and gynecological causes and herbal ingestion were the 2 major underlying etiologies in the thrombocytopenic group. Thrombocytopenia appears to be a common presenting feature in ARF as opposed to CRF, and this may be accounted for by the underlying etiologies in ARF.     

Pulmonary valve replacement after tetralogy of Fallot repair in a patient with immune thrombocytopenia

Marked thrombocytopenia causes significant bleeding in cardiovascular surgery. Herein, we describe the case of a 47-year-old woman with immune thrombocytopenia who underwent successful pulmonary valve replacement for pulmonary valve regurgitation and stenosis after complete repair of tetralogy of Fallot. Her platelet count decreased significantly to less than 5 × 10⁹/L on postoperative day 3, thus multiple platelet transfusions were given. Pulse steroid therapy with dexamethasone was subsequently administered systemically for 4 days. After the treatment, her platelet count started to recover. There were no significant postoperative bleeding events, and red blood cell transfusion was not required. Other than the platelet event, the postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 15.     

The sensitivity and specificity of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to detect coagulopathy during moderate and severe postpartum haemorrhage: a prospective observational study

IntroductionPoint-of-care viscoelastic haemostatic assays such as rotational thromboelastometry (including ROTEM and TEG) have been used in the management of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). This study compared results obtained from the automated ROTEM Sigma with laboratory tests of coagulation and platelet count during PPH.MethodsA prospective observational cohort study recruited women with PPH ≥1000 mL (or clinical concern of bleeding). The Fibtem A5, Extem CT and Pltem (Extem A5 – Fibtem A5) results were compared with laboratory tests of fibrinogen, prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and platelet count.Results521 women were recruited, including 274/277 (98.9%) of women with PPH ≥1500 mL. Fibtem A5 results were matched with laboratory fibrinogen in 552/644 (85.7%) samples. The incidence of abnormal laboratory results was low: fibrinogen ≤2 g/L 23/464 (5.0%), PT or APTT >1.5 × midpoint of reference range 4/464 (0.9%), and platelet count <75 × 10⁹/L 11/477 (2.3%). Area-under-the-receiver operator characteristic curve for Fibtem A5 to detect fibrinogen ≤2 g/L was 0.96 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.94 to 0.98, P<0.001), with sensitivity and specificity of Fibtem A5 ≤11 mm to detect fibrinogen ≤2 g/L of 0.76 and 0.96. Prolonged Extem CT results improved after treatment of hypofibrinogenaemia alone. Intervention points for platelet and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion based on ROTEM Sigma parameters could not be established.ConclusionDuring PPH (≥1000 mL or cases of clinical concern about bleeding), ROTEM Sigma Fibtem A5 can detect fibrinogen ≤2 g/L and guide targeted fibrinogen replacement. Laboratory results should continue to be used to guide platelet and FFP transfusion.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in a woman with situs inversus: Report of a Case

A 51-year-old woman with previously diagnosed situs inversus (SI) totalis was admitted to our hospital with nasal bleeding. Blood tests showed severe thrombocytopenia, with a platelet count of 1.9 × 104/mm³, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) was diagnosed. She was refractory to medical treatment, so we performed laparoscopic splenectomy (LS). The mirrorimage anatomy made the procedure difficult for the right-handed surgeon, so we modified the technique to enable it to be performed via an anterior approach through the subxiphoid area using the right hand, with an ultrasonic dissecting device and an endostapling device. The operation was performed safely, the patient recovered uneventfully, and her platelet count normalized. To our knowledge, there has been no other report of LS in a patient with SI; however, it can be performed safely with careful management.     

Lumbar neuraxial procedures in thrombocytopenic patients across populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IntroductionThere is currently no consensus regarding the minimum threshold platelet count to ensure safe neuraxial procedures. Numerous reports describe the safe performance of lumbar punctures in severely thrombocytopenic patients but reports of neuraxial anesthetic procedures in thrombocytopenic patients are limited. To date, the focus on specific populations in contemporary reviews has failed to include any actual hematoma cases. This systematic review aggregates reported lumbar neuraxial procedures from diverse thrombocytopenic populations to best elucidate the risk of spinal epidural hematoma.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL databases were searched for articles about thrombocytopenic patients (<100,000 × 10⁶/L) who received a lumbar neuraxial procedure (lumbar puncture; spinal, epidural, or combined spinal-epidural analgesia/anesthesia; epidural catheter removal), whether spinal epidural hematoma occurred.ResultsOf 4167 articles reviewed, 131 met inclusion criteria. 7476 lumbar neuraxial procedures were performed without and 33 procedures with spinal epidural hematoma. Within the platelet count ranges of 1–25,000 × 10⁶/L, 26–50,000 × 10⁶/L, 51–75,000 × 10⁶/L, and 76–99,000 × 10⁶/L there were 14, 6, 9, and 4 spinal epidural hematomas, respectively. An infection point and narrow confidence intervals were observed near 75,000 × 10⁶/L or above, reflecting a low probability of spinal epidural hematoma in this sample. Of the 19 spinal epidural hematoma cases for which the onset of symptoms was reported, 18 (95%) were symptomatic within 48 h of the procedure.ConclusionsSpinal epidural hematoma in thrombocytopenic patients is rare. In this sample of patients, an inflection point and narrow confidence intervals are observed near a platelet count of 75,000 × 10⁶/L or above, reflecting an estimated low spinal epidural hematoma event rate with more certainty given a larger sample size and inclusion of spinal epidural hematoma cases. Thrombocytopenic patients should be monitored, particularly in the first 48 h, and educated about symptoms concerning for spinal epidural hematoma.     

Splenic hamartoma associated with thrombocytopenia: A case report

IntroductionHamartomas are rare, benign tumors of the spleen. Few cases of splenic hamartomas associated with thrombocytopenia have been reported.Presentation of caseAn asymptomatic 64-year-old man with myelodysplastic syndrome was found to have a splenic tumor. Laboratory tests were significant for thrombocytopenia, with a platelet count of 7.8 × 10⁴/μL. Ultrasonography showed splenomegaly (10.8 × 6.6 cm), and a hypoechoic splenic mass (8.0 × 7.0 cm). Color doppler ultrasound revealed blood flow within the mass, and the mass density was homogeneous on abdominal computed tomography (CT). Contrast-enhanced CT showed heterogeneous enhancement of the splenic mass during the arterial phase. Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT showed no significant fludeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation within the mass. The differential diagnosis included splenic hamartoma, splenic hemangioma, splenomegaly associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis, and malignant tumor, including solitary splenic metastasis. A laparoscopic splenectomy was performed due to the possibility of malignancy, the presence of thrombocytopenia, and the risk of splenic rupture. The resected specimen showed a localized, well-demarcated, 8.0 × 7.0 cm splenic mass. Histological examination revealed abnormal red pulp proliferation and the absence of normal splenic structures. The patient’s post-operative course was uneventful. His platelet count improved on post-operative day 1 and he was discharged on post-operative day 9. He remained in good health with a normal platelet count one month after surgery.DiscussionMaking definitive preoperative diagnosis is difficult in splenic hamartomas. Surgery is necessary for diagnosis when malignancy cannot be ruled out.ConclusionsSurgery may also improve symptoms of hypersplenism, including thrombocytopenia.     

Application of standardized platelet‐rich plasma in elderly patients with complex wounds

In recent years, autologous platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) derivatives have been used widely in the regeneration and repair of tissue, but a standard definition and preparation method for PRP are lacking. We developed a standardized method using platelet indices as quality‐control indicators for PRP preparation. Twenty‐one elderly patients (9 males, 12 females) with complex wounds were treated with standardized platelet‐rich plasma (S‐PRP). The platelet count in PRP after the second centrifugation was 1,069–1,436 × 10⁹/L. We adjusted the platelet concentration in PRP after a second centrifugation to 1,000 × 10⁹/L according to a formula using platelet‐poor plasma (PPP). The standardized preparation method that we developed gave S‐PRP with a relatively uniform platelet concentration. The wounds of 21 patients showed accelerated healing after S‐PRP treatment, and there were no obvious side effects during treatment. These data suggest that our preparation method of S‐PRP, using platelet indices as quality‐control indicators with platelet count of 1,000 × 10⁹/L could be used for the treatment of complex wounds in the elderly. The preparation method of S‐PRP proposed in the present study may be a simple and effective method of PRP quality control.