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1.
Ebtihal H. Zain Alabdeen 《Oral Radiology》2017,33(2):124-132
Objectives
To evaluate the accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images acquired with 40- and 20-s exposures for the detection of surface osseous changes in the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) compared with the gold standard and to examine the interobserver and intraobserver reliabilities of both exposures.Methods
The gold standard was derived from naked-eye inspection of 88 sites in eight TMJs from four dry human skulls. The skulls were scanned by CBCT with 40- and 20-s exposures. Two experienced maxillofacial radiologists interpreted the images according to case definitions of surface osseous changes for the study. The findings were compared with the gold standard findings, and the intraobserver and interobserver reliabilities were examined.Results
Sensitivities of the exposures were comparable: 53.7, 31.7, and 41.5 % for 40 s versus 31.7, 39, and 34.1 % for 20 s, with overlapping confidence intervals. Specificities were high and comparable: 76.6, 74.5, and 80.9 % for 40 s versus 66, 80.9, and 80.9 % for 20 s, with overlapping confidence intervals. Intraobserver reliability was significantly correlated in 40 (p = 0.0030) and 20-s (p = 0.0001) exposures. Interobserver reliability was significantly correlated in the first 40-s exposure reading (p = 0.0013), but not in the second reading (p = 0.0879), and significantly correlated in the two 20-s exposure readings (p = 0.0016 and p = 0.0097).Conclusions
Decreasing exposure does not affect detection accuracy of TMJ surface osseous changes. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to assess the effects of exposure time and other factors on CBCT image accuracy.2.
Background
This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental anxiety in a population of patients with Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) and patients with mild and moderate intellectual disability (ID), and how dental anxiety correlated with their age and gender.Methods
The sample was made of 700 patients, 287 females and 413 males, 6-to-47 years old, either with borderline intellectual functioning or mild/moderate intellectual disabilities. All patients were administered the Dental Anxiety Scale to assess their level of dental anxiety.Results
Moderate Anxiety was the most prevalent dental anxiety category for patients with intellectual borderline functioning (15.56 %) and mild intellectual disabilities(18.79 %), while Severe Anxiety was the most prevalent category for patients with moderate intellectual disabilities(21 %). Overall, a statistically significant difference (p?<?0.001) between the three groups (BIF, Mild-ID and Moderate-ID) was found. Also, the correlation analysis between participants’ age and dental anxiety was statistically significant (p?<?0.001); indeed, dental anxiety turned out to decrease with the increasing of the age. Moreover, the analysis between gender and dental anxiety was found to be significant as well (p?<?0.001), where higher prevalence of dental anxiety was found in females.Conclusions
To our knowledge, this is the first study on dental anxiety carried out in the field of intellectual disability. Results show that the higher the level of intellectual disability – and consequently the lower the cognitive functioning – the higher the percentage and the severity of dental anxiety.3.
Purpose
To propose that low dose aspirin therapy need not be withdrawn for routine dental extraction procedure.Aim
This study was designed to evaluate the post operative bleeding in patients on low dose aspirin therapy by dividing them into two groups: one with withdrawing and the other without withdrawing the regime before dental extraction.Materials and Methods
This study included 80 patients on low dose aspirin therapy. They were divided into two groups of 40 patients each; Group I (control group) included patients on who were asked to stop the medication 5 days prior to dental extraction; Group II (test group) included patients who were asked not to stop the medication prior to dental extraction. Strict atraumatic extractions were performed by a single surgeon. Data were analyzed using the independent “t” test @ 80 % power.Results
The mean pre-operative bleeding time in the control group was 87.75 s and the test group was 95.75 s which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The mean pre-operative clotting time in the control group was 228.63 s and the test group was 246.25 s which was also statistically significant (p < 0.05). No patients in either group had any episode of prolonged postoperative bleeding following extraction from the surgical site and no local haemostatic measures had to be used except for one patient in Group II.Conclusion
Authors conclude from this study that dental extraction procedures in patients on low-dose therapy can be safely carried out without stopping the antiplatelet therapy.4.
S. Wolfart K. Wolf S. Brunzel M. Wolfart A. Caliebe M. Kern 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(9):2447-2455
Objective
The aim of this within-subject study was to evaluate the outcome with implant-tooth-supported removable partial dental prostheses (RPDP group) and implant-supported removable complete dental prostheses (edentulous group) in terms of masticatory performance and self-assessment.Materials and methods
Thirty patients participated in this prospective clinical study (RPDP group: n = 12; edentulous group: n = 18). The prostheses were supported in strategically advantageous regions by placing implants with ball attachments and corresponding matrices in the existing dentures. The masticatory performance was evaluated with the Swallowing Threshold Test Index (STTI), the number of chewing strokes, and the time needed until swallowing at pre-treatment and 6 weeks after integration of ball attachments. Additionally, patients scored chewing satisfaction before and after implantation on a visual analogue scale.Results
The STTI increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05) after implant therapy in the edentulous group but not in the RPDP group. Furthermore, the STTI was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the RPDP group than in the edentulous group at pre-treatment, however, not after therapy (P > 0.05). All patients were very satisfied after therapy concerning ability of speaking, chewing, and stability of their prosthesis.Conclusions
Patients of the edentulous group benefit more from strategically placed implants under the existing dentures than patients from the RPDP group. However, according to the subjective assessment, the chewing satisfaction generally increased for both groups after implant therapy.Clinical relevance
Patients with a strongly reduced dentition and edentulous patients benefit from strategically placed implants under the existing removable dentures.5.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to examine different central bearing point methods in patients with and without temporomandibular disorders (TMD) by an experienced and unexperienced examiner.Material and methods
The 20 fully dentulous subjects were screened for TMD based on the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD and distinguished into functional impaired and functional healthy groups. The mandibular relationship was recorded by an electronic central bearing tracing device (IPR-System, IPR GmbH, Oldenburg, Germany) with an integrated pressure sensor. Three bite registration methods were performed using this device: initial neuromuscular position, final neuromuscular position after dynamic sequences with the intraoral pin (=neuromuscular deprogramming), and centric relation guided manually by an experienced and an unexperienced examiner.Results
The neuromuscular positions before and after neuromuscular deprogramming were not significantly different (paired t test as a group comparison test: transverse: p = 0.369; sagittal: p = 0.486). Both positions were significantly anterior in comparison to the manually guided centric relation (paired t test as a group comparison test: p < 0.0001). The neuromuscular positions before and after deprogramming tend to have high scattering values.Conclusion
By means of the central bearing point method, the manually guided centric relation is the one which is sufficiently reproducible. It seems doubtful to take the significant anterior neuromuscular position for a definite reconstruction.Clinical relevance
Using the central bearing point method, the manually guided centric relation should be preferred, whereas the neuromuscular position should not be used for definite reconstructions.6.
Xue Li Zhen-Rui Xu Na Tang Cui Ye Xiao-Ling Zhu Ting Zhou Zhi-He Zhao 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(8):1849-1859
Objectives
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a messaging app (WeChat) in improving patients’ compliance and reducing the duration of orthodontic treatment (DOT).Materials and methods
A randomized controlled trial was performed in a dental hospital and a clinic from August 2012 to May 2015. Orthodontic patients were included at the beginning of treatment. Patients with multiphase treatment or braceless technique were excluded. Participants were randomized to WeChat group (received regular reminders and educational messages) or control group (received conventional management) and were followed up until the treatment was completed. Primary outcome measure was DOT. Others were late and failed attendance, bracket bond failure, and oral hygiene condition.Results
One hundred twelve patients in each group participated and completed the trial. DOT in WeChat group were 7.3 weeks shorter (P = 0.007). There were less failed attendance (3.1 vs. 10.9 %, P < 0.001), late attendance (20.1 vs. 29.9 %, P < 0.001), and bracket bond failure (11.8 vs. 16.1 %, P < 0.001) in WeChat group than control. There was no difference in orthodontic plaque index nor modified gingivitis index between the two groups before and after treatment. Number of failed attendances was identified as an independent factor affecting DOT (P = 0.004; HR = 0.89, 95 % CI 0.84 to 0.95).Conclusions
The intervention with WeChat is effective in reducing the treatment duration and bracket bond failure, and improving the attendance in orthodontic patients.Clinical relevance
DOT can be reduced by improving patient’s compliance. The messaging app is useful for outpatient education and management.7.
Objective
Micro-neurosurgical repair is considered in permanent nerve damage but the outcome is unpredictable. We examined if histopathologic parameters of traumatic neuromas have a prognostic value for recovery in relation to lingual nerve micro-neurosurgery.Materials and methods
Retrospective case study on neurosensory recovery after micro-neurosurgery. Outcome variables were as follows: pain perception, two-point discrimination, and sum score of perception, before and 12 months after micro-neurosurgery. Predictive histopathology variables included size, nerve tissue, and inflammation. Statistics are as follows: logistic and correlation analyses (P < 0.05).Results
Sixty-five patients with lingual nerve damage were included in the study. Improved two-point discrimination was associated with small size of resected tissue (P = 0.0275). No normal appearing distal nerve tissue was associated with improved sum score of perception (P = 0.0185), higher final sum score of perception value (P = 0.0475) and final pain perception (P = 0.0324). Foreign body reaction was associated with no final pain perception (P = 0.0492).Conclusions
Small size, absence of distal nerve tissue, and no foreign body reaction were associated with improvement of the neurosensory functions.Clinical relevance
Histological parameters of the traumatic neuromas in routine preparation appeared to have some prognostic value for neurosensory functions as improvement of the neurosensory functions was associated with small size of resected tissue, no distal normal appearing nerve tissue, and no foreign body reaction.8.
Dimitrios Dionysopoulos Kosmas Tolidis Paris Gerasimou Eugenia Koliniotou-Koumpia 《Oral Radiology》2017,33(3):178-186
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the shade and composition of five dental composite resins on their radiopacity.Methods
Five composite resins in various shades were used in this study. Composite specimens were prepared in triplicate for each material and shade using Teflon ring molds. In addition, 1-mm-thick enamel and dentin specimens were prepared from freshly extracted premolar teeth. Each specimen was placed on a dental film together with an aluminum step-wedge to establish radiopacity equivalents for the composite materials, dentin, and enamel. Dental films were exposed using a dental X-ray machine at 70 kVp and 8 mA, and processed using an automatic processor. The optical densities of the composite specimens, step-wedge, enamel, and dentin were evaluated using a densitometer. The data were analyzed by one-way and two-way ANOVA and a post hoc Tukey HSD test at a significance level of a = 0.05.Results
The shades of the tested composite resins did not affect their radiopacity level (p > 0.05). The composition of fillers of the tested composite resins influenced their ability to absorb X-ray radiation. All shades of the tested composite resins met the ISO requirement for radiopacity of resin-based restorative materials.Conclusions
The tested shades of the composite resins were appropriate for dental restorations regarding their radiopacity level. Although there were significant differences in radiopacity among the tested composites, they may not have clinical significance.9.
Jan Kühnisch Anne Lauenstein Vinay Pitchika George McGlynn Anja Staskiewicz Reinhard Hickel Gisela Grupe 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(9):2387-2393
Objective
With respect to the unknown aetiology of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), it is unclear whether this phenomenon was overlooked in the last century as a result of a high number of caries in children or if this developmental disorder was not present until then. Therefore, this study determined the presence of MIH in historical dentitions and teeth.Materials and methods
Dental remains from late medieval (n = 191, twelfth–sixteenth century, Regensburg, Germany), post-medieval (n = 33, sixteenth–eighteenth century, Passau, Germany) and modern age archaeological skeletal series (n = 99, nineteenth–twentieth century, Altdorf, Germany) were examined for MIH. In addition, linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH), diffuse opacities, hypoplasia and Turner’s teeth were documented.Results
MIH-related demarcated opacities or enamel breakdowns were found in only 15 (0.4 %) of the 3891 examined permanent teeth. Ten cases (3.1 %) from a total of 323 dentitions were classified as having MIH. In contrast, 98 individuals (30.3 %) showed LEH. Other enamel disorders were recorded in 64 individuals (19.8 %).Conclusion
With respect to the low number of affected dentitions and teeth, MIH most likely did not exist or was at least rarely present in the investigated archaeological case series.Clinical relevance
This study supports the hypothesis that MIH may be linked to contemporary living conditions or other health-related factors.10.
Hong-Soon Kim Gyu-Tae Kim Sun Kim Jung-Woo Lee Eun-Cheol Kim Yong-Dae Kwon 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(5):915-922
Objective
The study aims to evaluate the pharyngeal airway space (PAS) following bimaxillary surgery in skeletal class III patients and to compare the changes in PAS between genders using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).Materials and methods
In all, 38 patients (16 male and 22 female) with skeletal class III malocclusion underwent bimaxillary surgery. CBCT scans were acquired approximately 1 month before surgery, 3 months after surgery, and 6 months after surgery. The oropharyngeal volume and the minimum cross-sectional area (CSA) were characterized using the InVivoDental imaging software package at each time point.Results
The volume and minimum CSA decreased significantly postoperatively, which was maintained until 6 months postoperatively (p < 0.01). The location of the minimum CSA tended to move into the retropalatal and retroglossal areas postoperatively. A strong correlation between volume and minimum CSA was found. The amount of mandibular setback was not correlated with the change in the airway. By gender, significant decreases in both the volume and minimum CSA were found in females (p < 0.05) but not in males.Conclusion
Bimaxillary surgery significantly affects PAS. Gender differences should also be considered when considering changes in PAS.Clinical relevance
An awareness of the effects of bimaxillary setback surgery on the airway should be considered when implementing an orthognathic treatment plan.11.
Objectives
We investigated and compared the errors generated by multislice computed tomography (MSCT), cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and digital dental casts when used to provide digital data about dental structures.Methods
Ten A20 skull models were scanned with MSCT and CBCT, and dental plaster cast models were optically scanned in three dimensions. The maxillary dental area was then compared. The distance between the three-dimensional scan data of the skull and each set of digital dental data were measured. Reference data were then overlapped with the experimental digital model using surface-based registration. The distance of errors was measured with the shortest distance measurement function. The distances between each experimental digital model and the reference scan data were measured, and error values were determined for all maxillary teeth and each tooth surface area. Errors were measured for all teeth from the central incisors to the second molar on both the left and right sides. Errors were measured from the mesial, distal, and labial surfaces and the tooth cusp tip area for each tooth.Results
The digital dental casts had the smallest error (p < 0.001). The error in the digital dental casts (mean ± standard deviation) was 0.10 ± 0.12 mm. The CBCT error was 0.34 ± 0.38 mm, which was significantly greater than the MSCT error (0.19 ± 0.16 mm) (p < 0.001).Conclusions
We recommend the use of digital dental casts with digital dental imaging for three-dimensional measurement of the dental area because this technique had the smallest errors.12.
Kazuhiko Ueda Florian Beuer Michael Stimmelmayr Kurt Erdelt Christine Keul Jan-Frederik Güth 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(2):283-289
Objectives
To evaluate the marginal and internal fit of CAD/CAM-generated frameworks for 4-unit, fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) from zirconia (Z) and cobalt-chromium alloy (C) made with conventional (CI) and digital impressions (DI).Materials and methods
A titanium model was digitized with an intraoral scanner (DI, LAVA? C.O.S.; 3M ESPE; Seefeld, Germany; n = 12). Additionally, 12 conventional impressions were taken, and referring plaster casts were digitized by a laboratory-scanner (CI, LAVA? Scan ST; 3M ESPE; n = 12). Frameworks were fabricated (3M ESPE) from cobalt-chromium (DI-C, n = 12; CI-C, n = 12) and zirconia (DI-Z, n = 12; CI-Z, n = 12) from the same datasets. A replica technique was applied to measure the accuracy. The Mann–Whitney U statistical test was applied to detect statistical differences between each material and methodology groups in terms of fit.Results
Frameworks from DI-C (median 19.07 μm) showed significantly better marginal fit than CI-C (median 64.64 μm, p < 0.001). Frameworks from DI-Z (median 52.50 μm) showed significantly better marginal fit than CI-Z (median 72.94 μm, p = 0.001). Additionally, frameworks from DI-C showed a significantly better marginal fit than DI-Z (p < 0.001).Conclusions
CI and DI led to a clinically acceptable marginal fit of 4-unit FDPs from cobalt-chromium and zirconia. DI leads to better marginal fit of the cobalt-chromium frameworks; however, no effect on zirconia was found.Clinical relevance
The results indicate that DI is suitable for fabricating 4-unit, cobalt-chromium and zirconia frameworks with regard to fit requirements.13.
Kouji Katsura Marie Soga Eisuke Abe Hiroshi Matsuyama Hidefumi Aoyama Takafumi Hayashi 《Oral Radiology》2016,32(2):105-110
Objectives
This study evaluated the effects of combined topical sodium fluoride and casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste application on root surface conditions in cancer patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy.Patients and methods
Nineteen patients undergoing conventional external radiotherapy in head and neck cancer were enrolled and divided into CPP-ACP (topical sodium fluoride/daily CPP-ACP paste application) and Non-CPP-ACP (topical fluoride application alone) groups. Chronological root surface texture changes were prospectively investigated for 1 year.Results
The mean radiation dose of the parotid gland did not differ significantly between the CPP-ACP and Non-CPP-ACP groups. From baseline to 6 and 6–12 months, the CPP-ACP group had significantly better root surface textures than those in the Non-CPP-ACP group (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The hard surface numbers in the CPP-ACP group increased from 347 to 350 in 12 months. The respective soft lesion incidence rates from baseline to 6, 6–12, and baseline to 12 months were significantly lower in the CPP-ACP group than those in the Non-CPP-ACP group (per patient: p = 0.038, p = 0.038, and p = 0.029; per root surface: p = 0.026, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001).Conclusions
The present results suggest that dental management with a combination of topical sodium fluoride and CPP-ACP paste application can control root surface caries more effectively than topical sodium fluoride alone in patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy.14.
Shigeaki Suenaga Kunihiro Nagayama Taisuke Nagasawa Yoshihiro Kawabata Hiroko Indo Hideyuki J. Majima 《Oral Radiology》2016,32(2):87-97
Objectives
To evaluate the correlations between temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and both conventional and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).Methods
T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging were performed in 80 TMD patients with the main complaint of TMJ pain. A kappa statistical analysis was performed to calculate the interobserver agreement between two of three radiologists. The relationships between TMJ pain and various MR findings were analyzed by multiple comparison test, Spearman’s rank correlation test, Chi-square test, Student’s t test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results
Significant correlations were observed between anterior disk displacement without reduction, joint effusion, and TMJ pain (p < 0.01). The degree of contrast enhancement of the posterior disk attachment was correlated with the severity of TMJ pain, especially spontaneous pain (r = 0.725, p < 0.01), while no correlation was observed in the masticatory muscle pain group. The correlation tended to be higher in the latero-central portions than in the medial portion of the mandibular condyle, although no significant difference was seen.Conclusions
It has been suggested that fat-suppressed contrast-enhanced MR imaging techniques facilitate better understanding of the sources of TMJ pain, but not masticatory muscle pain, and could reflect TMJ synovial inflammation. The severity of TMJ pain was closely correlated with the degree of contrast enhancement. The above-mentioned correlation had a tendency to be higher in the latero-central portions of the mandibular condyle.15.
Juliana de Souza Vieira Felipe Rychuv Santos Jessica Vavassori de Freitas Flares Baratto-Filho Carla Castiglia Gonzaga Melissa Rodrigues de Araujo 《Oral and maxillofacial surgery》2016,20(2):157-160
Introduction
Bone graft is a very common procedure that is performed when bone volume needs to be increased before a dental implant. Screws and miniplates are the clinical standards for osteosynthesis. However, some disadvantages for this method have been reported, including artifacts on radiological images, infection, screw loosening, and the need to remove screws that interfere with the dental implants. Bone adhesives are a promising alternative for bone graft surgery.Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of two cyanoacrylate-based adhesives and titanium screws for bone graft fixation.Methods
Pig jaw samples were cut into rectangular bars (2 × 6 × 20 mm) and bonded with a 5-mm overlap of N-butyl cyanoacrylate and ethyl cyanoacrylate, and 1.5-mm titanium screws were inserted into the center of the contact area. The blocks were fixed on a shear bond strength device that was coupled to a universal testing machine. The maximum force (N) was recorded on a computer and divided by the bonded area (in mm2) in order to calculate the bond strength (MPa). The data were statistically analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).Results
The shear bond strengths of the screws were significantly higher than both cyanoacrylate adhesives, which presented statistically similar bond strength means, and have the biomechanical potential to be used for bone fixation.Conclusions
Ethyl cyanoacrylate is an inexpensive adhesive that has multiple purposes and can be considered as an alternative for bone fixation.16.
Bojan Kujundzic Katarina Zeljic Gordana Supic Marko Magic Dragan Stanimirovic Vesna Ilic Barbara Jovanovic Zvonko Magic 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(4):781-789
Objectives
The current study investigated the association between VDR EcoRV (rs4516035), FokI (rs2228570), ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236), CYP27B1 (rs4646536), CYP24A1 (rs2296241), and MTHFR (rs1801133) gene polymorphisms and risk of oral lichen planus (OLP) occurrence.Materials and methods
The study group consisted of 65 oral lichen planus patients and 100 healthy blood donors in the control group. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped by real time PCR or PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method.Results
Heterozygous as well as mutated genotype of vitamin D receptor (VDR) FokI (rs2228570) polymorphism was associated with increased oral lichen planus risk in comparison with wild type genotype (odds ratio (OR) = 3.877, p = 0.017, OR = 38.153, p = 0.001, respectively). A significantly decreased OLP risk was observed for heterozygous genotype of rs2296241 polymorphism in CYP24A1 gene compared with the wild type form (OR = 0.314, p = 0.012). VDR gene polymorphisms ApaI and TaqI were in linkage disequilibrium (D’ = 0.71, r 2 = 0.22). Identified haplotype AT was associated with decreased OLP risk (OR = 0.592, p = 0.047).Conclusion
Our results highlight the possible important role of VDR FokI (rs2228570) and CYP24A1 rs2296241 gene polymorphisms for oral lichen planus susceptibility.Clinical relevance
Identification of new molecular biomarkers could potentially contribute to determination of individuals with OLP predisposition.17.
Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia Elaine Cristina Voltolini Pontes Fernanda Gonçalves Basso Josimeri Hebling Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa Diana Gabriela Soares 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(7):1559-1566
Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the transdentinal cytotoxicity of components released from different resin-based luting cements to cultured MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells and human dental pulp cells (HDPCs).Materials and methods
Artificial pulp chamber (APC)/dentin disc sets were distributed into four groups according to the materials tested (n = 10), as follows: G1, control (no treatment); G2, resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RelyX Luting 2); G3, self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U200); and G4, conventional resin cement (RelyX ARC). The materials were applied to the occlusal surfaces (facing up) of the dentin discs adapted to the APCs. The pulpal surfaces of the discs were maintained in contact with culture medium. Then, an aliquot of 400 μL from the extract (culture medium + resin-based components that diffused through dentin) of each luting cement was applied for 24 h to HDPCs or MDPC-23 cells previously seeded in wells of 24-well plates. Cell viability analysis was performed by the MTT assay (1-way ANOVA/Tukey test; α = 5 %).Results
For MDPC-23 cells, RelyX ARC (G4) and RelyX Luting 2 (G2) caused greater reduction in cell viability compared with the negative control group (P < 0.05). Only the HDPCs exposed to RelyX ARC (G4) extract showed a tendency toward viability decrease (9.3 %); however, the values were statistically similar to those of the control group (G1) (P > 0.05).Conclusions
In accordance with the safe limits of ISO 10993-5:1999 (E) recommendations, all resin-based luting cements evaluated in this study can be considered as non-toxic to pulp cells.Clinical relevance
Cytotoxicity of resin-based luting cements is material-dependent, and the different protocols for the application of these dental materials to dentin may interfere with their cytotoxicity.18.
Carolina Un Lam Chin-Ying Stephen Hsu Robert Yee David Koh Yung Seng Lee Mary Foong-Fong Chong Meijin Cai Kenneth Kwek Seang Mei Saw Peter Gluckman Yap Seng Chong 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(8):1861-1870
Aim
This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the prevalence of teething-related pain and fever and the early-life factors that may affect the risk of experiencing these disturbances within the first 1.5 years of life.Materials and methods
Participants were recruited (n = 1033) through the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) birth cohort (n = 1237). Interviews were performed tri-monthly regarding the prevalence of teething pain and fever in children from 6 to 18 months of age. Crude and multivariable analyses were conducted using Poisson-log regression models.Results
Prevalence rates for teething pain and fever were 35.5 and 49.9 % respectively. Multivariable Poisson regression analysis showed maternal second-hand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure to increase the risk of both pain (mean ratio = 1.35; p = 0.006) and fever (mean ratio = 1.22; p = 0.025), whereas SHS exposure plus active smoking further increased risk of teething pain in the children (mean ratio = 1.89; p = 0.029). Delivery via Caesarean section increased risk of teething pain (mean ratio = 1.27; p = 0.033), while prenatal plasma vitamin D insufficiency lowered such a risk (mean ratio = 0.62; p = 0.012). Compared to Chinese infants, Indian babies exhibited lower risk of teething pain and fever (both p ≤ 0.001).Conclusions
Early-life factors such as tobacco smoke exposure and vitamin insufficiency during pregnancy, ethnicity and childbirth via Caesarean section may significantly affect the child’s susceptibility to teething-related pain and fever.Clinical relevance
Knowledge of prevalence and risk factors of teething disturbances may better equip primary caregivers and healthcare professionals to accurately detect teething-related local and/or systemic signs/symptoms and effectively facilitate tobacco cessation among pregnant women.19.
Background
Mobile and trailer home (MTHs) residents are an understudied group. In this study we determined the cigarette smoking status, dental visits in the past 12 months, and receipt of tobacco counseling in adolescents living in MTHs compared to adolescents living in other types of housing.Methods
For this secondary data analysis study, we used data of adolescents aged 10 to 19 years (n?=?74,890) from the 2012 Florida Youth Tobacco Survey (FYTS). Weighted multiple logistic regression model was conducted to understand the differences between adolescents living in MTHs compared to those living in other types of housing.Results
Approximately 6 % of the sample reported living in MTHs. The regression model showed that older (p?<?0.0001), female (p?=?0.0091), and middle school (p?<?0.0001) adolescents were more likely, and those who identified as Asians (p?=?0.0006), Black/African Americans (p?<?0.0001), and Hispanics (p?<?0.0001) were less likely to be living in MTHs compared to their counterparts. Current established smokers (p?<?0.0001) and non-established smokers (p?<?0.0001) were more likely to report living in MTHs compared to non-smokers. Those reporting to have not visited a dental office (p?<?0.0001) were more likely to be living in MTHs. Those who visited a dental office but not received any tobacco counseling (p?<?0.0001) were less likely to be living in MTHs compared to their counterparts.Conclusions
Current cigarette smokers and those not visiting a dental office were more likely to be MTH adolescents. Adolescents reporting to have received tobacco counseling in a dental office were more likely to be living in MTHs.20.
Niklas Rommel Nils H. Rohleder Stefan Wagenpfeil Roland Härtel-Petri Frederic Jacob Klaus-Dietrich Wolff Marco R. Kesting 《Clinical oral investigations》2016,20(3):469-475