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1.
Jeannette M. Beasley A. L. Deierlein K. B. Morland E. C. Granieri A. Spark 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2016,20(8):790-796
Objective
Studies suggest protein intake may be associated with lower body weight, but protein has also been associated with preservation of lean body mass. Understanding the role of protein in maintaining health for older adults is important for disease prevention among this population.Design
Cross-sectional study of the relationship of dietary protein on body composition.Setting
New York City community centers.Participants
1,011 Black, White, and Latino urban men and women 60-99 years of age.Measurements
Protein intake was assessed using two interviewer-administered 24-hour recalls, and body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of fat mass (kg) (FM), fat free mass (kg) (FFM), and impedance resistance (Ohms).Statistical Analysis
Indices of FM and FFM were calculated by dividing BIA measurements by height squared (m2), and percent FFM was calculated by dividing FFM by the sum of FM and FFM. Log linear models adjusting for age (continuous), race/ethnicity, education, physical activity (dichotomized at the median), hypertension, diabetes, and total calories (continuous).Results
Just 33% of women and 50% of men reported meeting the RDA for protein. Both fat free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) were negatively associated with meeting the RDA for protein (Women: FFMI -1.78 95%CI [-2.24, -1.33], FMI -4.12 95% CI [-4.82, -3.42]; Men: FFMI -1.62 95% CI [-2.32, -0.93] FMI -1.80 95% CI [-2.70, -0.89]). After accounting for confounders, women and men consuming at least 0.8 g/kg/day had a 6.2% (95% CI: 5.0%, 7.4%) and a 3.2% (95% CI 1.1%, 5.3%) higher percent fat free mass, respectively.Conclusions
FFM, FFMI, FM, and FMI were inversely related to meeting the RDA for protein. Meeting the RDA for protein of at least 0.8g/kg/day was associated with a higher percentage of fat free mass among older adults. These results suggest meeting the protein recommendations of at least 0.8 g/kg/day may help to promote lower overall body mass, primarily through loss of fat mass rather than lean mass.2.
Purpose
Intra-uterine exposure to protein may affect body composition and may increase the prevalence of childhood adiposity. Therefore, we examined whether protein intake during pregnancy is associated with offspring body composition at the age of 6 years and whether associations differ for animal protein and vegetable protein.Methods
We included 2694 Dutch mother–child pairs participating in a prospective population-based cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Energy-adjusted protein was measured in pregnancy using a food-frequency questionnaire and analyzed in quartiles. At a mean age of 6.1 ± 0.4 years, we measured children’s body mass index, and fat-free mass index and fat mass index using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Outcomes were standardized for age and sex. BMI was used to classify children’s overweight status.Results
After adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, a higher maternal protein intake was associated with a higher children’s fat-free mass index [difference 0.14 standard deviation (95 % CI 0.03, 0.25) for highest vs. lowest quartile of protein intake], but not with children’s fat mass index or body mass index. Comparable associations were found for animal protein and vegetable protein. Maternal protein intake was not associated with children’s overweight.Conclusions and relevance
This study suggests that higher protein intake during pregnancy is associated with a higher fat-free mass in children at the age of 6 years, but not with their fat mass. Our results do not suggest specific recommendations regarding maternal protein intake during pregnancy to prevent overweight in the offspring.3.
Purpose
This cross-sectional study assesses the relationship between consumption frequencies of food items and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in European children.Methods
Out of the baseline sample (N = 16.228) of the IDEFICS study, 6.403 children (1.315 boys aged 2 to <6, 1.908 boys aged 6 to <10, 1.204 girls aged 2 to <6 and 1.976 girls aged 6 to <10 years) had hs-CRP measured and the Children’s Eating Habits Questionnaire filled, including a food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression adjusted for body mass index z-score, education of the mother, breast-feeding and self-reported hours of physical activity in a sport club per week was conducted.Results
Mean frequency intake of raw vegetable was lower in boys (p = 0.022 in young and p = 0.020 in old) and older girls (p = 0.026) with high hs-CRP concentration, while in younger girls (p = 0.008) the same occurred with the cooked vegetables. The probability of having higher hs-CRP concentration was significantly associated with having low consumption frequency of vegetables (p = 0.004 in older boys, raw vegetables; and p = 0.0032 in younger girls, cooked vegetables). Also, honey/jam intake decreased the probability of having higher concentration of hs-CRP, whereas soft drinks with sugar, mayonnaise and cereals milled increased this probability.Conclusions
Out of all food items associated with hs-CRP, frequency intake of vegetables presented more associations across all the analysis. Findings suggest that a high-frequency intake of vegetables is inversely related to an inflammatory status in children. More studies are needed to assess the association between diet and inflammation.4.
Objectives
Body image in the mass media promotes an unrealistic picture of body shape that leads to body dissatisfaction among adolescentsQuery. Therefore, the study presented in this paper aimed to assess the association between mass media and adolescents’ weight concerns and perceptions of body weight and shape.Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on school adolescents aged between 15 and 18 years during the academic year 2013–2014. Multistage stratified sampling method was used. The number of participants in the study was 795 students: 400 boys and 395 girls.Results
All participants have a common behavior in rarely reading magazines, but they spend more than 2 h in watching television or less than 3 h using the internet. However, most of obese/non-obese adolescents, boys or girls, have shown high influence (p < 0.05) of reading magazines on the subject of dieting to lose weight.Conclusion
While obese students read more magazines on dieting to lose weight, other mass media did not show the same results on weight concerns and body shape among Jordanian adolescents.5.
Janne Beelen N. M. de Roos L. C. P. G. M. de Groot 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(2):173-179
Objective
To increase the protein intake of older adults, protein enrichment of familiar foods and drinks might be an effective and attractive alternative for oral nutritional supplements (ONS). We performed a pilot study to test whether these products could help institutionalized elderly to reach a protein intake of 1.2 gram per kg body weight per day (g/kg/d).Design
Intervention study with one treatment group (no control group). Dietary assessment was done before and at the end of a 10-day intervention.Setting
Two care facilities in Gelderland, the Netherlands: a residential care home and a rehabilitation center.Participants
22 elderly subjects (13 women, 9 men; mean age 83.0±9.4 years).Intervention
We used a variety of newly developed protein enriched regular foods and drinks, including bread, soups, fruit juices, and instant mashed potatoes.Measurements
Dietary intake was assessed on two consecutive days before and at the end of the intervention, using food records filled out by research assistants. Energy and macronutrient intake was calculated using the 2013 Dutch food composition database. Changes in protein intake were evaluated using paired t-tests.Results
Protein intake increased by 11.8 g/d (P=0.003); from 0.96 to 1.14 g/kg/d (P=0.002). This increase is comparable to protein provided by one standard portion of ONS. The intake of energy and other macronutrients did not change significantly. At the end of the intervention more elderly reached a protein intake level of 1.2 g/kg/d than before (9 vs 4). Protein intake significantly increased during breakfast (+3.7 g) and during the evening (+2.2 g).Conclusion
Including familiar protein enriched foods and drinks in the menu helped to meet protein recommendations in institutionalized elderly.6.
Background
Until now, the relations between the working alliance and trauma-related symptoms have received little or no study in residential-care settings. However, considering the high prevalence of past experiences of interpersonal trauma among young people in residential centers, it is essential to examine this issue more closely.Objective
This study aimed to determine to what extent the strength of the working alliance, as reported by adolescent girls in residential centers and their counselors, is associated with the trauma-related symptoms that these girls reported subsequently, in emerging adulthood.Methods
The sample consisted of 130 adolescent girls placed in residential center. Trauma-related symptoms were measured at intake and approximately 4 years later, when all the girls were out of the center. Working alliance was measured 3 months after the start of the placement. Hierarchical multiple regressions were performed to determine the strength of the relationships between the working alliance during treatment and trauma-related symptoms in emerging adulthood.Results
Findings showed that even after controlling for intake symptoms, the strength of the working alliance reported by the girls has modest, yet significant, negative associations with several trauma-related symptoms in emerging adulthood. The stronger the alliance the girls reported, the less they reported symptoms of depression, post-traumatic stress and externalization.Conclusions
Results suggest that a strong working alliance with adolescent girls may contribute to their recovery as it was associated with less trauma-related symptoms. Further research is needed to investigate the mechanisms and underlying factors explaining this relationship at short, medium and long term.7.
Purpose
The very old (aged ≥ 85 years), fastest growing age group in most western societies, are at especially high risk of muscle mass and strength loss. The amount, sources and timing of protein intake may play important roles in the aetiology and management of sarcopenia. This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of low protein intake in 722 very old adults participating in the Newcastle 85+ Study.Methods
Protein intake was estimated with 2 × 24-h multiple pass recalls (24 h-MPR) and contribution (%) of food groups to protein intake was calculated. Low protein intake was defined as intake < 0.8 g of protein per adjusted body weight per day. A backward stepwise multivariate linear regression model was used to explore socioeconomic, health and lifestyle predictors of protein intake.Results
Twenty-eight percent (n = 199) of the community-living very old in the Newcastle 85+ Study had low protein intake. Low protein intake was less likely when participants had a higher percent contribution of meat and meat products to total protein intake (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95, 1.00) but more likely with a higher percent contribution of cereal and cereal products and non-alcoholic beverages. Morning eating occasions contributed more to total protein intake in the low than in the adequate protein intake group (p < 0.001). Being a woman (p < 0.001), having higher energy intake (p < 0.001) and higher tooth count (p = 0.047) was associated with higher protein intake in adjusted models.Conclusion
This study provides novel evidence on the prevalence of low protein intake, diurnal protein intake patterns and food group contributors to protein intake in the very old.8.
J. Matta N. Mayo I. J. Dionne P. Gaudreau T. Fulop D. Tessier K. Gray-Donald B. Shatenstein José A. Morais 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2016,20(2):90-97
Objectives
Contribute evidence towards the complex interrelationships of body composition, insulin sensitivity and protein intake independently from adiposity in an older population.Design
This is a cross-sectional analysis of an existing dataset in which a literature-supported model linking together the variables of interest is tested using path analysis.Setting
The loss of muscle mass has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance. We propose to test associations of muscle mass with insulin sensitivity and their respective associations with animal and vegetable sources of protein intake, independently from adiposity.Participants
Non-diabetic participants aged 68–82 years from the NuAge study with all available measures (n=441) were included.Measurements
A model considering age, sex, chronic diseases, physical activity; smoking and sources of protein intake influencing body composition components and insulin sensitivity was created and tested with Path Analysis for their independent associations. Muscle mass index (MMI; kg/height in m2) and % body fat were derived from DXA and BIA. Insulin resistance was estimated by the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) score and physical activity by the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) questionnaire. Protein intakes were obtained from three non-consecutive 24h-diet recalls.Results
In the final model, direct positive associations were observed between HOMA-IR score and MMI (β=0.42; 95%CI: 0.24; 0.6) and % body fat (β=0.094; 95%CI: 0.07; 0.11). There were no direct associations between animal protein intake and MMI or with HOMA-IR. There was a significant direct negative association between plant protein intake and MMI (β= -0.068; 95%CI: -0.13; -0.003) and significant indirect associations mediated through MMI and % body fat between HOMA-IR and animal protein intake (β=0.0321; 95%CI: 0.01; 0.05), as well as plant protein intake (β= -0.07; 95%CI: -0.1; 0.0).Conclusions
Our final model indicated that MMI and HOMA score were significantly positively associated. Protein intake sources were related to HOMA-IR score differently through MMI and % body fat, respectively.9.
Effect of foxtail millet protein hydrolysates on lowering blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Purpose
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of foxtail millet protein hydrolysates on lowering blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs).Methods
The protein of foxtail millet after extruding or fermenting and the raw foxtail millet was extracted and hydrolyzed by digestive protease to generate angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. The potential antihypertensive effect of protein hydrolysates from foxtail millet in SHRs was investigated.Results
After 4 weeks of treatment with 200 mg peptides/kg of body weight of protein hydrolysates, blood pressure was lowered significantly, and the raw and extruded samples were more effective than the fermented samples. The serum ACE activity and angiotensin II levels in the treatment groups were significantly lower than that of the control. The percent heart weight decreased in the treatment groups.Conclusion
Thus, ingestion of foxtail millet protein hydrolysates especially for the raw and extruded hydrolysates may ameliorate hypertension and alleviate related cardiovascular diseases.10.
Shuhei Hishii Nobuyuki Miyatake Hiroyuki Nishi Akihiko Katayama Kazuhiro Uzike Hiroo Hashimoto Kiichi Koumoto 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2016,21(6):487-491
Objective
The aim of this study was to compare psychological distress between patients on chronic hemodialysis with and without chronic low back pain (CLBP).Subjects and methods
A total of 72 patients on chronic hemodialysis, aged 72.9 ± 10.8 years, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Psychological distress using the K6, questionnaire for CLBP, and physical activity using the tri-accelerometer were evaluated.Results
Twenty-nine patients (40.3 %) were having CLBP. The K6 scores were 4.0 ± 4.6 and physical activity (n = 55) was 1.0 ± 1.0 METs h/day. K6 scores in patients on chronic hemodialysis with CLBP were significantly higher than those in patients on chronic hemodialysis without CLBP even after adjusting for sex, age, duration of hemodialysis and physical activity.Conclusion
These results suggest that higher psychological distress was a fundamental feature in patients on chronic hemodialysis with CLBP.11.
Fanny Buckinx S. Allepaerts N. Paquot J. Y. Reginster C. de Cock J. Petermans O. Bruyère 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2017,21(6):727-732
Objective
The aim of this study was to compare energy and protein content of the served food with the actual intake from the food consumed by nursing home residents. This study also aimed to compare food intake and dietary allowances.Design
This is a cross sectional study.Setting
This study was performed in nursing homes.Participants
Residents of these 2 nursing homes were eligible for the study if they agreed to participate and if they meet the selection criteria (to be older than 65 years and have a regular texture diet).Measurement
Nutrient content of the served food and real food consumption was calculated for all meals during a 5-day period by precise weighting method. Difference between consumed and served dietary content was evaluated by the Chi² test.Results
Seventy-four Belgian nursing home residents (75% of women, 85.8 ± 7.04 years on average) were included in this study. These subjects had a mean body mass index of 24.9 ± 4.83 kg/m². The mean energy content of the served food was 1783.3 ± 125.7 kcal per day. However, residents did not eat the whole of the meals and the actual energy content of the consumed food was significantly less (1552.4 ± 342.1 kcal per day; p<.001). The average protein content of the food served was equal to 0.96 ± 0.20 g/kg/day and the average consumption of protein by the residents was 0.88 ± 0.25 g/kg/day. The difference between protein served and consumed was also significant (p=.04). Moreover, people considered as well nourished, eating significantly more energy than the others (p=.04).Conclusion
Meals served in nursing homes are not entirely consumed by their residents. As expected, the energy consumed are lower in subjects considered as malnourished or at risk of malnutrition.12.
D. S. M. ten Haaf M. F. de Regt M. Visser B. J. M. Witteman J. H. M. de Vries T. M. H. Eijsvogels Maria T. E. Hopman 《The journal of nutrition, health & aging》2018,22(9):1112-1114
Objectives
Sufficient protein intake and habitual physical activity are key factors in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. In the present study, we assessed habitual dietary protein intake and the contribution of animal proteins in male versus female physically active elderly and identified determinants of protein intake.Design
a cross-sectional study.Setting
the study was performed within the Nijmegen Exercise Study.Participants
physically active elderly ≥ 65 yrs.Measurements
Physical activity was assessed using the SQUASH questionnaire and expressed in Metabolic Equivalent of Task hours per week (METhr/wk). Dietary protein intake was determined using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to determine whether age, sex, educational level, smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity were associated with protein intake (g/kg/d).Results
A total of 910 participants (70±4 yrs, 70% male) were included and reported a habitual physical activity level of 85.0±53.5 METhr/wk. Protein intake was 1.1±0.3 g/kg/d with 57% animal-based proteins for males, and 1.2±0.3 g/kg/d with 59% animalbased proteins for females (both P<0.05). In total, 16%, 42% and 67% of the male elderly and 10%, 34% and 56% of the female elderly did not meet the recommended protein intake of 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 g/kg/d, respectively. Female sex (β=0.055, P=0.036) and more physical activity (β=0.001, P=0.001) were associated with a higher daily protein intake (g/kg/d).Conclusion
The majority of physically active elderly and in particular males (i.e. 67%) does not reach a protein intake of 1.2 g/kg/d, which may offset the health benefits of an active lifestyle on muscle synthesis and prevention of sarcopenia. Intervention studies are warranted to assess whether protein supplementation may enhance muscle mass and strength in physically active elderly.13.
Background
Shift and night work affect nutritional behaviour. This can promote non-communicable diseases. Until now, few studies analysing the nutritional behaviour of nurses are available, even though this is the largest occupational group affected by shift work in health care. Therefore, the objective of this work is to investigate the nutritional behaviour of nurses working night shifts.Method
The dietary intake of 19 nurses was assessed using a doubly labelled water validated, open 3 day-dietary record and the recommendations for food intake.Results
The results indicate that nurses working night shifts show similar nutritional shortcomings compared to the general German population. Especially the intake of vegetables (1.43?±?0.88 servings/day), fruits (1.54?±?1.21?servings/day) and cereals (2.36?±?0.93?servings/day) is not sufficient.Conclusions
In addition, we observed a redistribution of meals from day to night, unusual and irregular mealtimes as well as a low consumption of warm meals during night shifts. Therefore, health-promoting interventions at the behavioural and environmental levels should be integrated into the daily routine in hospitals.14.
Alistair?Monteyne Alex?Martin Liam?Jackson Nick?Corrigan Ellen?Stringer Jack?Newey Penny?L.?S.?Rumbold Emma?J.?Stevenson Lewis?J.?James
Purpose
Protein consumption after resistance exercise potentiates muscle protein synthesis, but its effects on subsequent appetite in this context are unknown. This study examined appetite and energy intake following consumption of protein- and carbohydrate-containing drinks after resistance exercise.Methods
After familiarisation, 15 resistance training males (age 21 ± 1 years, body mass 78.0 ± 11.9 kg, stature 1.78 ± 0.07 m) completed two randomised, double-blind trials, consisting of lower-body resistance exercise, followed by consumption of a whey protein (PRO 23.9 ± 3.6 g protein) or dextrose (CHO 26.5 ± 3.8 g carbohydrate) drink in the 5 min post-exercise. An ad libitum meal was served 60 min later, with subjective appetite measured throughout. Drinks were flavoured and matched for energy content and volume. The PRO drink provided 0.3 g/kg body mass protein.Results
Ad libitum energy intake (PRO 3742 ± 994 kJ; CHO 4172 ± 1132 kJ; P = 0.007) and mean eating rate (PRO 339 ± 102 kJ/min; CHO 405 ± 154 kJ/min; P = 0.009) were lower during PRO. The change in eating rate was associated with the change in energy intake (R = 0.661, P = 0.007). No interaction effects were observed for subjective measures of appetite. The PRO drink was perceived as creamier and thicker, and less pleasant, sweet and refreshing (P < 0.05).Conclusion
These results suggest whey protein consumption after resistance exercise reduces subsequent energy intake, and this might be partially mediated by a reduced eating rate. Whilst this reduced energy intake is unlikely to impair hypertrophy, it may be of value in supporting an energy deficit for weight loss.15.
Background
Menstruation is a normal physiological process occurring every month throughout the reproductive age of the females. However, significant variation in menstrual pattern is observed among adolescents. The objective of this study was to determine menstrual pattern among adolescent girls of Pokhara Valley.Method
A cross sectional study was conducted in seven schools of Pokhara Valley. A total of 260 adolescent girls were included in the study. Girls were requested to complete questionnaire containing 19 items. Selected girls voluntarily agreed to answer questionnaire under the supervision of the researcher and then the data was analyzed.Results
Mean age of the girls was 14.0?±?1.3 years. Mean age at menarche was 12.2?±?0.9 years. The mean cycle length of the subjects was 34.8?±?11.8 days. It was observed that as many as 167(64.2%) girls had irregular menstrual cycle and significant association was found between regularity of menstruation and ethnicity. Seven (2.7%) girls had a menstrual cycle length shorter than 21 days, 60(23.1%) had cycle longer than 35 days and 193(74.2%) had a normal cycle length between 21 and 35 days. Majority 231(88.8%) had normal duration of menstruation. Dysmenorrhoea was reported by more than half of the girls and significant association was found between severity of dysmenorrhoea with school absenteeism and treatment needed.Conclusion
Dysmenorrhoea was the most common menstrual problem among adolescent girls. Girls’ school attendance was affected due to menstrual pain. Girls with severe dysmenorrhea needed medical treatment. Irregular menstruation was reported by more than half of the girls and significant association was found with the ethnicity.16.
Roelen CA Koopmans PC de Graaf JH Balak F Groothoff JW 《International archives of occupational and environmental health》2009,82(4):543-546
Purpose
Most women are diagnosed with breast cancer when they are of working age. How long are breast cancer patients absent? How many of them return to work?Methods
ArboNed Occupational Health Services documents sickness absence data of 1 million workers of whom 40% were women. Between 2001 and 2005, 2,259 women had 2,361 episodes of sickness absence due to breast cancer. These absence episodes were followed for 2 years using Kaplan–Meier analysis.Results
The mean ± standard error of mean duration of absence due to breast cancer was 349 ± 5 days. Thirty-seven percent of absences lasted longer than one year and 12% of absences lasted longer than 2 years particularly in women aged 25–34 years.Conclusions
The mean duration of sickness absence due to breast cancer was nearly a year, but most women returned to work. The results of the study can be used as a reference for return to work of women following breast cancer.17.
Purpose
High intake of salt is associated with early development of cardiovascular risk factors (e.g., hypertension, obesity). In “developed” countries, individuals frequently exceed dietary recommendations for salt intake. Taking into account the limited data on sodium intake by 24-h excretion in urine in schoolchildren, we wished to determine baseline salt intake in Spanish subjects aged 7–11 years.Methods
The present study was an observational study involving 205 schoolchildren (109 boys and 96 girls) selected from various Spanish provinces. Sodium intake was ascertained by measuring sodium excretion in urine over 24 h. Creatinine was used to validate completeness of urine collections. The correlation between fat-free mass determined by anthropometry and that determined via urinary excretion of creatinine was calculated (r = 0.651; p < 0.001).Results
Mean 24-h urinary excretion of sodium was 132.7 ± 51.4 mmol/24 h (salt equivalent: 7.8 ± 3.1 g/day). Hence, 84.5 % of subjects aged ≤10 years had intakes of >4 g salt/day, and 66.7 % of those aged >10 years had intakes of >5 g salt/day. Urinary excretion of sodium was correlated with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.1574 and r = 0.1400, respectively). Logistic regression analyses, adjusted by sex, showed that a high body mass index (odds ratio = 1.159; 95 % CI 1.041–1.290; p < 0.05) was associated with an increased likelihood of high urinary excretion of sodium.Conclusions
Sodium intake, as estimated by 24-h urinary excretion, was (on average) higher than recommended. Reducing the sodium content children’s diet is a sound policy to reduce cardiovascular risk.18.
Maria Liljeroos Susanna Ågren Tiny Jaarsma Kristofer Årestedt Anna Strömberg 《Quality of life research》2017,26(2):367-379
Background
Partners of patients with heart failure provide both practical and emotional support. Many partners assume caregiving responsibilities without being aware of the burden related with this role.Objective
Our work has established that a psycho-educational intervention has benefits at 3, but not at 12 months for patients with heart failure. Further we had not described the long-term effects in caregivers. This study aimed to determine the 24-months effects of a dyadic psycho-educational intervention on caregiver burden and morbidity in partners of patients with heart failure and study factors associated with a change in caregiver burden.Design
A randomized controlled study design, with a follow-up assessment after 24 months.Setting and participants
Partners to patients with heart failure were recruited from two hospitals in the southeast of Sweden.Intervention
A three session nurse-led psycho-educational program was tested and included psychosocial support to maintain the partners’ physical and mental functions, and perceived control. Several instrument were used to measure caregiver burden, perceived control, physical and mental health, depression and morbidity.Results
One hundred fifty-five partners were included. There were no significant differences in any index of caregiver burden or morbidity among the partners in the intervention and control groups after 24 months. Overall, the mean total caregiver burden was found to be significantly increased compared to baseline (36 ± 12 vs 38 ± 14, p < 0.05). A younger partner, less comorbidity, higher levels of perceived control, better physical health and less symptoms of depression in patients, and better mental health in the partners were factors associated with absence of increased caregiver burden over time.Discussion and conclusion
Our intervention did not significantly decrease caregiver burden or morbidity. Over time, several aspects of burden increased in both groups. To improve outcomes, individualized and targeted interventions might be beneficial.Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier
NCT02398799.19.
Kazumi Dokai Mochimasu Nobuyuki Miyatake Ayako Hase 《Environmental health and preventive medicine》2016,21(5):345-349
Objective
The purpose of the present pilot study was to investigate the link between diet and mental health in female university students enrolled in a training course for registered dietitians.Subjects and methods
A total of 62 female university students, with a mean age of 18.79 ± 0.45 years, participated in this cross-sectional study. Diet surveys were performed using the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Mental health was also evaluated using the general health questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), which was the shortest form and clinically available. Lifestyles such as physical activity levels were also evaluated.Results
The mean energy intake was 1379 ± 575 kcal and the mean GHQ score was 3.11 ± 2.41. Among nutrients, vegetable fat and sucrose showed a weak positive correlation with the GHQ scores. Among food groups, potatoes, fats and oils, and confectioneries also showed a weak positive correlation with the GHQ scores. A multiple regression analysis showed that the confectioneries were the determining factor for the GHQ scores.Conclusion
Proper education concerning their diets and reducing confectioneries in their daily lives might be beneficial for the mental health of female university students.20.