高效液相色谱法测定食品中大豆异黄酮

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定食品中大豆异黄酮（包括染料木黄酮和大豆苷元）的含量，探讨样品的提取方法及测定影响因素。方法：样品经0.50mol/L盐酸回液和乙醇提取大豆异黄酮后，采用甲醇－0.01mol/L乙酸铵溶液（pH4.5)(60 40)作为流动相分离待测物质，等度洗脱，采用紫外检测器于254nm波长下测定。结果：染料木黄酮的检出限为0．04μg/ml，大豆苷元为0．05μg/ml，样品的加标回收率为91．4％－113．1％，日内和日间相对标准偏差分别为1．1％－2．8％和2．9％－5．1％。结论：本法简便、快速，易于推广普及，为大豆及其制品和保健食品中大豆异黄酮的检测和膳食摄取植物性雌激素提供了分析方法。     

妇人,母猪,雌性大白鼠食用大豆后,尿中大豆异黄酮代谢物

目的：研究妇人，母猪，雌性大白鼠食用后，尿中大豆异黄酮代谢物成份的比较。方法：妇人食用大豆食品或以含大豆饲料喂食母猪，雌性大白鼠后，收集尿液，以液质联用分析仪分析尿液中大豆异黄酮代谢物的种类及含量。结果：在尿液样品中检测出大豆异黄酮及其糖苷酸代谢物。在大白鼠尿液中的大豆异黄酮代谢物主要为7—4’—异黄烷二醇葡萄糖百酸(equol glucuronide conjugate)，其次为7，5，4’—三羟基异黄酮糖苷酸(genistein glucuronide conjugate)及7，4’—二羟基异黄酮糖苷酸(daidzein glucuronide conjugate)。在妇人尿液中大豆异黄酮糖苷酸代谢物超过90％，在母猪尿液中大豆异黄酮糖苷酸代谢物介于80．5％—84．5％之间。在雌性大白鼠尿液中大豆异黄酮糖苷酸代谢物约有50％的大豆异黄酮糖百酸代谢物。结论：7．4’—异黄烷二醇为大白鼠尿液中的主要大豆异黄酮代谢物。猪模型比大白鼠模型较合适用来模拟人类食用大豆食品后的代谢研究。     

高效液相色谱法分析测定大鼠肠系膜血管网灌流液中皮质醇、醛固酮方法的研究

采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定高血压模型大鼠肠系膜血管网灌流过程中灌流液皮质醇、醛固酮的含量，为定量分析血管分泌皮质醇和醛固酮机制提供可靠的量化依据，建立用HPLC分离检测皮质醇和醛固酮的方法。结果表明该方法准确、快速、稳定，检测灵敏度可达到50ng／L，仪器系统重复测定变异系数为2．32％，标准曲线线性分析相关系数r均大于99％，平均回收率均大于90％。     

高速逆流色谱分离制备龙胆中龙胆苷

目的：龙胆中龙胆苦苷的分离制备和含量测定。方法：采用HPLC测定龙胆中龙胆苦苷的含量和HSCCC分离制备龙胆苦苷;HPLC条件：以甲醇、0．1％磷酸溶液（甲醇：0．1％磷酸溶液＝24：76）为流动相;流速1mL/min;检测波长270nm;进样量10μL,柱温25oC。结果：经测定,龙胆草中龙胆苦苷的含量为0．5411％。选出正丁醇-水（1：1）为最佳溶剂体系,固定相保留率36．0％,分配系数0．714,上相作固定相,下相作流动相,转速为850r/min,主机正转,流速2mL/min,分离制备出的龙胆苦苷经HPLC检测,纯度可达98％以上。结论：HSCCC仪器性能可靠、分析成本低、易于操作,可分离制备出高纯度的龙胆苦苷。     

蜜蜂毒中蜂毒素的分离纯化方法及含量测定

目的：从蜜蜂毒中分离纯化蜂毒素（melittin),建立以SDS-聚丙烯酰 胺凝胶电泳(SDS－PAGE）及HPLC进行蜂毒素定性定量分析的方法。方法：用Sephadex G-25、Sephadex G-50、Sephadex G-75三步层析法从蜜蜂毒中分离纯化蜂毒素,以SDS－PAGE定性,以HPLC进行含量测定。结果：样品经SDS－PAGE测定为单一条带,相对分子质量约3000。HPLC含量测定,平均回收率为95．97％,相对标准差（RSD）为1．07％。结论：以上述分离纯化法可制得高纯度的蜂毒素,检测方法准确、可靠、简单。     

高效液相色谱法测定血浆中维生素C的含量

对血浆样本经预处理后用高效液相色谱(HPLC)仪进行测定。结果：血浆中的VitC得到良好分离，线性范围为3～1000μg／ml，r=0．9995，日内差异和日间差异分别为0．25％和1．33％；回收率为96．16％。认为该方法能简单、快速、准确、灵敏地测定血浆中VitC的含量。     

不同辅料炮制对淡豆豉中大豆异黄酮含量的影响

目的考察用不同辅料炮制淡豆豉对其大豆异黄酮含量的影响。方法采用发酵法制取淡豆豉样品,用HPLC色谱法测定样品中大豆异黄酮的含量。色谱柱为Hanbo（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）;流动相为甲醇∶水∶冰醋酸（40∶60∶0.5）;流速：1 m L/min;检测波长：260 nm。结果以大豆苷为考察指标时三者的差别不大,与青蒿、桑叶比较,淫羊藿和人参为辅料发酵的淡豆豉含量略低;以染料木苷为考察指标时,与青蒿、桑叶比较,淫羊藿为辅料发酵的淡豆豉含量略有升高,人参为辅料发酵的淡豆豉含量升高明显。结论炮制辅料不同,对淡豆豉中大豆异黄酮含量有一定影响,且人参为炮制辅料时影响较大。     

RP-HPLC法测定红景天制剂和女贞子水煎液中的酪醇

目的：建立红景天制剂和女贞子水煎液中酪醇的测定方法。方法：采用ULTRASPHERE－ODS柱，甲醇、乙腈、水（按一定比例混合）为流动相，梯度洗脱，反相高效液相色谱法（RP－HPLC）测定市售红景天口服液和女贞子水煎液制剂中的酪醇含量。样品经简单处理，直接进样分离，紫外检测器外标法定量检测。结果：酪醇出峰时间8．14min，方法回收率96．7％，变异系数1．16％（n＝5）。结论：本方法快速、简便、准确。     

食品中氯霉素测定方法的应用研究

目的探讨ELISA检测法检测食品中氯霉素的可行性。方法采用国际上先进的ELISA检测法和酶标读数仪定量检测，并与高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法（HPLC—MS／MS）比较。结果氯霉素含量为0．05～0．20ug／kg之间，CV％为2．5％～5％，回收率为85．0％～110．0％，标准曲线r=-0．992～-0．999。结论ELISA法具有灵敏度高，干扰少，测定步骤简便、快速。操作安全，设备投资少，测定结果准确可靠。     

高效液相色谱测定大鼠早孕组织多胺的含量

建立大鼠早孕组织中多胺含量HPLC测定的方法。方法：大鼠早孕组织中多胺用10％三氯乙酸提取，苯甲酰氯柱前衍生，反相HPLC测定。结果：多胺中腐胺、精脒和精胺能较好分离；腐胺检测限可达1nmol、精脒和精胺可达5nmol；腐胺在1～1000nmol、精脒和精胺在5～1000nmol范围内线性良好；腐胺、精脒和精胺平均生物样本回收率分别为95．8％、92．8％和81．7％，日内变异系数（CV％）分别为2．46％、1．35％和1．94％，日间变异系数分别为3．49％、1．48％和3．27％。结论：该方法简便、灵敏，完全能满足大鼠早孕组织中多胺含量测定的需要。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.