高度近视白内障超声乳化摘出人工晶状体植入术

目的评价高度近视眼白内障超声乳化摘出术及人工晶状体植入术的疗效.方法对眼轴＞26mm(平均27.46mm)的94例(104眼)高度近视合并白内障患者行超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术.结果术后1月裸眼或矫正视力≥0.5者84眼(80.76%),视力≥1.0者34眼(32.69%).结论高度近视白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术具有术后视力恢复快屈光状态稳定等优点,但眼轴＞30mm以上者视力差.     

高度近视伴核性白内障表面麻醉下超声乳化治疗观察

目的 探讨高度近视伴核性白内障表面麻醉下超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术的效果.方法 对78例(78跟)高度近视伴核性白内障在表面麻醉下行超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术,观察麻醉满意度,术中及术后并发症.结果 所有患者均在表麻下无痛苦完成手术,术中术后无严重并发症发生.术后1d视力≥0.5者46例(46眼),占58.97％;术后1周视力≥0.5者58例(58眼),占74.35％.结论 表面麻醉下超声乳化白内障吸出术人工晶状体植入是高度近视伴核性白内障较理想的手术方式.     

特殊人群白内障超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术安全性分析

目的:评价特殊人群在表面麻醉下白内障超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术安全性及手术效果。方法:回顾性分析近4a我科对96例106眼特殊人群在表面麻醉下白内障超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术的相关临床资料,观察其术后视力的恢复及并发症的情况。特殊人群指符合下列条件之一的患者:年龄≥80岁身体健康的高龄患者71例78眼;有心律失常(房颤、房早、室早)患者22例22眼。尿毒症患者3例6眼。结果:所有患者全部安全完成了手术,术后视力均较术前提高,其中术后1d裸眼视力≥0.3者66眼(62.3%),术后1wk视力≥0.3者85眼(80.2%),术后1mo视力≥0.3者96眼(90.6%),术中及术后各种并发症的发生率均很低。结论:在表面麻醉下对特殊人群行白内障超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入是一种安全的手术方法,提高手术技术是成功的关键。     

糖尿病患者白内障表麻下超声乳化吸出术

目的探讨糖尿病患者的白内障在表面麻醉下行超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术的安全性手术效果。方法对39例（41眼）糖尿病患者白内障在表面麻醉下行超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术,观察其术后视力、不良反应及并发症。结果所有患者均在表麻下很好地配合完成了手术,无感染、出血等严重并发症发生。平均手术时间7 m in,术后第1 d视力≥0.5者23眼,占56.10%;术后1周视力≥0.5者37眼,占90.24%,最佳视力1.2。结论糖尿病患者白内障在表麻下行超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术是可行的。     

糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入术临床分析

目的 探讨糖尿病患者进行白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入术的临床效果.方法 对158例(193眼)糖尿病患者施行白内障超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入术,术后观察视力及并发症情况.结果 术后视力0.01～0.1者26眼(13.47%),0.12～0.3者37眼(19.17%),0.4～0.5者50眼(25.90%),0.6-1.0者以上80 眼(41.46%);术中后囊膜破裂7眼,术后角膜水肿95眼,经治疗3～6 d消失.结论 糖尿病白内障患者行超声乳化摘出联合人工晶状体植入术是安全有效的.     

青光眼滤过术后超声乳化人工晶状体植入观察

目的探讨青光眼滤过术后表面麻醉下颞侧透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术后的疗效及并发症。方法对29例(30眼)有青光眼滤过史的患者，表面麻醉下进行颞侧透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术，观察其术中术后并发症，以及矫正视力。结果30眼均顺利完成超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入。术后1周，视力0．06者1眼，0．1～0．2者3眼，0．3～0．5者10眼，大于0．5者16眼。术中2例(2眼)发生后囊破裂，术后房水闪光( )，人工晶状体表面色素沉着，角膜水肿等并发症。结论青光眼滤过术后，表面麻醉下颞侧透明角膜切口超声乳化白内障摘出及人工晶状体植入术能使患者获得较好的视力，并发症少。     

表面麻醉下小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入

目的:探讨表面麻醉下行小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除及人工晶状体植入术的安全性、有效性及适应证。方法:对150例152眼白内障患者在表面麻醉下行隧道小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除及人工晶状体植入术并观察其麻醉效果及术后视力。结果:所有患者在表面麻醉下均能很好地配合手术顺利完成。无1例改用其他麻醉方法。平均手术时间为24min。术后第2d视力≥0.2者147眼(97%);视力≥0.5者103眼(68%);视力≥0.8者20眼(13%)。结论:表面麻醉下小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入是安全经济、实用、效果好、相对来说易掌握,特别适用于经济欠发达地区成熟、过熟、大核、硬核白内障多的情况。     

透明角膜切口白内障手术后的临床效果观察

目的　评价透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化摘出及后房型人工晶状体植入术的疗效。方法　对 3 2 8眼白内障在表面麻醉下施行上方或颞侧透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化摘出及后房型人工晶状体植入手术。结果　术后视力恢复迅速 ,术后 1周时视力 >0 5者达 78 9%～ 80 6% ,并趋稳定。结论　透明角膜切口白内障超声乳化摘出及后房型人工晶状体植入术可以在表面麻醉下进行 ,具有组织损伤小 ,切口易愈合 ,术后视力恢复快等优点。上方或颞侧透明角膜切口术后最佳非矫正视力差异不显著。     

高度近视并发白内障患者行超声乳化术126例临床分析

目的 观察高度近视并发白内障患者行超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效.方法 对126例(186眼)眼轴>25.00 mm的高度近视并发白内障患者施行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术,随访5～19个月,记录术中、术后并发症,并观察患者术后视力及屈光状态变化.结果 术后1个月裸眼视力≥10.5者115眼(61.83%),矫正视力≥0.5者130眼(70.06%),随访期内视力稳定.术后3个月患者平均屈光度为(-1.14±0.87)D.术中虹膜损伤8眼,后囊破裂6眼.术后5眼中度后囊混浊,1眼术后18个月发现孔源性视网膜脱离,行巩膜外垫压术后治愈.结论 高度近视并发白内障行超声乳化摘出及人工晶状体植入术,能够有效提高患者视力,手术安全,疗效可靠.     

表麻下小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合IOL植入术的临床研究

目的:探讨表面麻醉下小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的临床效果和安全性。方法:对2007-01/2008-01在我院住院治疗的白内障患者105例113眼实施表面麻醉下小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,观察临床效果。结果:术中麻醉效果明显,显效共107眼(94.7%),有效6眼(5.3%),总有效率达100%,无病例因疼痛无法承受手术而改行球后或球周麻醉。术后第1d裸眼视力≥0.5者65眼(57.5%),>0.8者22眼(19.5%);术后1wk裸眼视力≥0.5者85眼(75.2%),>0.8者17眼(15.0%),随访1mo未发现明显视力下降。术后1wk视力<0.5者1例(0.9%),为糖尿病视网膜病变。术后角膜内皮水肿7眼(6.2%),高眼压4眼(3.5%),经处理后症状均消失。结论:表面麻醉下小切口非超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的临床效果确切,安全性高,值得推荐应用。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.