射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速的经验体会

对24例房室结折返性心动过速进行射频消融治疗,全部消融成功,其中多径路者6例,合并隐匿旁路者5例,随访9.5月仅1例有跳跃现象,但未能诱发心动过速;3例在消融过程中出现一过性P—R间期延长,但无1例遗留房室传导障碍。在描记希氏束波后下弯消融导管,希氏束波消失,A波、小V波大处消融成功率高。     

导管射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速的临床研究

房室结折返性心动过速 (atrioventricular nodal reen-trant tachycardia,AVNRT)是临床常见的心律失常 ,导管射频消融是近年来出现的根治 AVNRT的新疗法。我院从1992年至今以导管射频消融治疗 32 5例 AVNRT,经临床不断探索 ,近 4年成功率为 10 0 % ,无 1例并发三度房室阻滞 ,近 3年术后无 1例复发 ,现报道如下。　　资料和方法　从 1992年至今对 32 5例住院 AVNRT患者进行导管射频消融治疗。患者男性 132例 ,女性 193例 ,男女之比为 1∶ 1.49。年龄 12～ 6 8岁 ,平均 (4 5 .1± 12 .2 )岁。　　体格检查大多数未见异常。其中合并高…     

射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速不同终点的疗效观察

目的　评价射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速 ( AVNRT)的不同终点对远期复发的影响。方法　对 1 0 4例 AVNRT患者进行慢径消融 ,比较慢径传导消失组和慢径传导残留组 AVNRT复发率。结果　射频消融术后慢径传导消失 5 8例 ,慢径传导残留 4 6例 ,术后 1 8± 9个月随访期内 ,慢径传导消失组复发 2例 ( 3 .4 % ) ,慢径传导残留组复发 2例 ( 4.3 % ) ,两组无显著差别 ( P>0 .0 5 )。结论　射频消融术后慢径传导残留并不增加 AVNRT复发的危险性     

射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速方法学探讨

射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速方法学探讨李毅刚，胡大一，丁燕生，马长生，王乐信射频消融已广泛用于房室结折返性心动过速（ＡＶＮＲＴ）的治疗。由于采用的方法不同，其成功率、复发率和房室传导阻滞的发生率不一。我们通过不同方法射频消融的对比，提出有效、安全...     

射频消融治疗儿童房室结折返性心动过速

目的：为评价射频导管消融在治疗儿童房室结折返性心动过速的临床价值，本文回顾分析３７例儿童射频消融结果评价、安全性及疗效。方法：选择６￣１５见多识广心室结折返引起频发的、药物治疗无效的心动过速患儿，常规电生理检查，采用下位法消融慢径路。结果：３７例中房室结双径路３２例、三径路５例，全部消融成功，并发Ｉ度ＡＶＢ１例，消融电极压迫出现一过性Ⅲ度ＡＶＢ３例，复发率１３．５％，随访中无房室传导阻滞及Ｘ线放射     

射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速(附31例报道)

报道射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)31例,成功率为96.8％。快径消融4例,慢径者27例,有1例在射频消融过程中发生心室颤动。快、慢径消融中发生Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞(AVB)各1例。随访2～24月,复发1例。笔者认为AVNRT射频消融术应在慢径进行,因其Ⅲ度AVB合并症少。另外,AVNRT消融不应在心动过速发作时进行,恐掩盖早期出现的交界性心律及导管移位。     

房室结折返性心动过速冷冻消融与射频消融治疗对比分析

目的 探讨经导管冷冻消融与射频消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速的有效性和安全性.方法 对304例房室结折返性心动过速行导管消融术病例行回顾性分析,其中冷冻组67例,射频组237例,比较两组成功率、慢径完全阻断率、房室传导阻滞率和复发率的差异.结果 两组消融成功率(冷冻组98.5%与射频组97.0%,P=0.820)、慢径完全阻断率(冷冻组98.5%与射频组91.6%,P=0.088)、房室传导阻滞率(冷冻组0与射频组2.5%,P=0.413)、复发率(冷冻组0与射频组1.7%,P=0.643)差异均无统计学意义,但冷冻组慢径完全阻断率有优于射频组的趋势.结论 冷冻消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速安全有效,较射频消融术有潜在优势.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety between cryoablation (Cryo) and radiofrequency (RF) ablation for treating patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). Methods Patients with AVNRT (n=304) were divided into Cryo group (n=67) and RF group (n=237). The procedure success rate, complete slow pathway block rate, atrioventricular block rate and relapse rate were compared between two groups. Results There was no statistically difference between 2 groups in the success rate (Cryo group 98.5% vs RF group 97.0%, P=0.820), complete slow pathway block rate (Cryo group 98.5% vs RF group 91.6%, P=0.088), atrioventricular block rate (Cryo group 0 vs RF group 2.5%, P=0.413), relapse rate (Cryo group 0 vs RF group 1.7%, P=0.643). But Cryo group had more advantage than RF group. Conclusion Efficacy and safety were comparable between cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation for treating patients with AVNRT.     

儿童房室结折返性心动过速患者经冷冻消融和射频消融的结果比较

目的 比较经导管冷冻消融和射频消融治疗儿童房室结折返性心动过速（AVNRT）的临床效果。方法 73例年龄在18岁以下，诊断为AVNRT的患者入选本研究，根据治疗方法分为冷冻消融组（冷冻组）和射频消融组（射频组），记录并分析比较两组的临床特点、冷冻标测次数、消融次数、X线曝光时间、消融术总时间、成功率、并发症发生率以及复发率。结果 共73例患者入选，冷冻组33例，男性16例，女性17例，平均年龄（12．4±2．8）岁；射频组40例，男性18例，女性22例，平均年龄（13．6±2．2）岁。冷冻组和射频组的消融次数分别为（2．7±1．7）次和（11±6．3）次（P〈0．001），X线曝光时间分别为（20±7）min和（25±9）min（P〈0．05），消融术总时间分别为（214±33）min和（164±36）min（P〈0．05），消融成功率88％（29／33）对100％（40／40）（P〈0．01），一过性房室阻滞的并发症发生率为12％对2．5％（P〈0．01）。冷冻组所有术中发生的传导阻滞均在5min内恢复。两组的复发率差异无统计学意义（6％与2．5％，P=NS）。结论 经导管冷冻消融治疗儿童AVNRT安全有效，但成功率低于射频消融，目前可作为后者的一种补充。     

慢慢型房室结折返性心动过速的电生理机制和射频导管消融治疗

目的　探讨慢慢型房室结折返性心动过速 (AVNRT)的电生理机制和不同射频导管消融方法的治疗效果。方法　812例AVNRT患者分为两组,第 1组 500例,比较慢慢型中前传慢径和逆传慢径的成功消融部位的异同、比较在慢慢型和快慢型中选择性地消融逆传慢径部位的异同。第 2组312例,在设想慢慢型AVNRT折返机制的基础上,前瞻性地对慢慢型仅选择性消融前传慢径而不消融逆传慢径。结果　第 1组 59例慢慢型AVNRT的前传和逆传慢径的传导时间和成功消融的部位明显不同,逆传慢径多在冠状静脉窦(CS)窦口内或CS近端消融成功,而前传慢径多在三尖瓣环和CS窦口之间消融成功;慢慢型与快慢型的逆传慢径有明显不同的传导时间、递减特性和解剖分布。在第 2组前瞻性地仅消融前传慢径治疗 22例慢慢型组中,在三尖瓣环和CS窦口之间成功消融前传慢径并治愈AVN RT后, 21例逆传慢径功能不变,其逆传慢径最早心房插入点部位与前传慢径消融部位不同。所有 812例AVNRT均消融成功,第 1组在 3年以上的随访中, 387例慢快型复发 1例 (0 3% ), 59例慢慢型复发6例(10% ), 54例快慢型无复发。第 2组 312例 3 ~48 ( 23±12 )个月的随访中,慢快型复发 2例(0 5% ),慢慢型和快慢型无复发。结论　(1)慢慢型AVNRT应用电生理特性和解剖分布不同的两条慢径形     

房室结折返性心动过速的可能折返机制和分型及其在指导慢径消融中的意义

目的根据房室结存在快径、右侧后延伸（经典慢径）和左侧后延伸（另一条慢径）和折返环路,对房室结折返性心动过速（AVNRT）进行分型,并根据电生理检查和射频消融的结果验证以上分型,同时分析此分型在指导房室结慢径消融中的意义.方法 812例入院进行射频消融AVNRT患者,常规行程序心房和心室电刺激和心内标测.根据AVNRT的类型分别采用消融房室结前传慢径和/或逆传慢径的方法治疗AVNRT.结果采用目前常用的AVNRT的分型方法,812例AVNRT患者中,慢快型659例（81%）、慢慢型81例（10%）、快慢型72例（9%）.所有812例AVNRT患者均消融或改良房室结慢径成功.按AVNRT可能的6种折返环路分型,慢快型649例（80%）、左侧变异慢快型10例（1%）、快慢型和变异快慢型57例（7%）、左侧变异快慢型15例（2%）、慢慢型81例（10%）.结论按房室结快径、右侧后延伸和左侧后延伸可能形成的6条折返环路,对AVNRT进行分型,符合电生理检查和射频消融的结果.此分型对理解AVNRT的折返机制和指导房室结慢径消融治疗AVNRT有较大的意义.     

阻断共同通道治疗房室结折返性心动过速与心房扑动的研究

目的 探讨房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)与心房扑动(AFL)的共同发病机制。方法 20例AVNRT并发AFL的患者通过电生理检查明确其心动过速性质后，行冠状窦口附近的慢径消融术(RFCA)，消融能量平均25W；术后在静脉滴注异丙肾上腺素下反复各种电刺激诱发，双径现象消失或无PSVT发作，视为手术成功。结果 20例患者术后及随访期内(3月～33月)，无AVNRT与AFL发作，亦无房室传导阻滞等并发症发生。结论 部分AVNRT并发AFL患者在返环途径上可能存在共同通道，RFCA可使其同时得到治疗。     

房室结功能曲线连续性房室结折返性心动过速患者的射频消融终点初探

目的　探讨房室结功能曲线连续性房室结折返性心动过速 (AVNRT)患者的射频消融终点。方法　在AVNRT患者中 ,对心房 A1 A2 和 A1 A2 A3程序刺激房室结功能曲线均呈连续性者为 组 ,A1 A2 刺激房室结功能曲线呈连续性而 A1 A2 A3刺激呈不连续性者为 a组 ,房室结功能曲线均呈不连续性者为 b组。行慢径区域消融后 ,对组间的电生理参数进行比较。结果　 组非典型 AVNRT的诱发率高于 组 (2 7.3 % vs5 .6% ,P<0 .0 5 )。在 I组和 a组 ,消融后最长 A2 H2 间期 (A2 H2 m ax)均比消融前有所缩短 ,但无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,而 b组则显著缩短 (3 76± 73 ms vs2 0 6± 5 6ms,P<0 .0 1)。消融后 组、 a组和 b组的最长 A3H3间期 (A3H3m ax)均比消融前显著缩短 (2 74± 71ms vs 196± 45 ms,P<0 .0 5 ;3 62± 91m s vs 2 2 6± 72 m s,P<0 .0 1;3 85± 88ms vs 2 19± 61ms,P<0 .0 1)。结论　非典型 AVNRT与房室结功能曲线的连续性有关。对于房室结功能曲线连续性的 AVNRT患者 ,消融后 A3H3max的缩短可作为消融终点的指标之一     

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia in a patient with orthotopic heart transplantation by bicaval anastomosis

Patients with orthotopic heart transplantation may have a variety of arrhythmias. There are reports of successful radiofrequency catheter ablation of some of them. Two months after orthotopic cardiac transplantation by bicaval anastomosis, a 49-year-old man developed episodes of tachycardia. The patient develope with dyspnoea and hypotension during typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) revealed by electrocardiogram. During programmed atrial stimulation with progressively increasing prematurity, dual auriculoventricular nodal physiology was observed and AVNRT was induced. This tachycardia was successfully eliminated without complications by radiofrequency catheter ablation of the slow pathway. The patient remained asymptomatic at 4-month follow-up.     

Electrophysiologic characteristics and results of radiofrequency catheter ablation in elderly patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia

Background

As in the general population, atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is the most common regular supraventricular tachycardia in the elderly patients. We tried to compare electrophysiologic characteristics, efficacy, and risks of the radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of the slow pathway in elderly and young patients with AVNRT.

Methods

Between April 2001 and March 2005, 268 consecutive patients (190 females; mean age, 49 ± 14 years) with AVNRT underwent RF catheter ablation at our institution. The patients were categorized into 2 groups: group 1 consists of patients younger than 65 years (n = 156), and group 2 consists of patients 65 years or older (n = 112).

Results

Compared with the younger subgroup, elderly patients more often had structural heart disease (11.6% vs 2.5%, P = .004), but there were no statistically significant differences in sex and symptoms during tachycardia (all P > .05). AVNRT cycle length was significantly longer in group 2 than in group 1 patients (P = .005). Among the conduction intervals of tachycardia, only atrio-his interval was significantly longer in group 2 patients (P = .007). The ablation fluoroscopy time, RF pulse duration, target temperature, applied energy, and number of RF applications were comparable in the 2 groups (All P > .05). Risk of atrioventricular block, pericardial effusion, and vascular thrombosis were similar in both groups (All P > .05). During follow-up with duration of 14 months, similar rate of recurrence was observed in the 2 groups (P = .94).

Conclusions

In elderly patients, slow pathway ablation is as effective and safe as in younger patients. Therefore, when considering different treatment options in elderly patients, an increased risk of complications or lower efficacy should not be a factor in determining the best therapeutic approach.     

Atrial tachycardia with slow pathway conduction mimicking typical atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia.

A 68-year-old woman with palpitations underwent electrophysiologic testing. During burst atrial pacing the PR interval exceeded the RR interval and induced a supraventricular tachycardia consistent with a typical AV nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). Radiofrequency ablation of the slow pathway during the tachycardia immediately produced 2 : 1 AV conduction. After slow AV nodal pathway ablation an atrial tachycardia (AT) remained inducible with the earliest atrial activation around the HB region. Radiofrequency ablation at the site of earliest atrial activation interrupted the AT without AV block. AT originating from the HB region with slow pathway conduction may mimic typical AVNRT.