半导体激光治疗声带白斑30例临床分析

目的 :探讨Diomed 2 5半导体激光治疗声带白斑的临床效果。方法 :30例声带白斑患者分别在局麻纤维喉镜下或全麻支撑喉镜下行半导体激光手术 ;术前及术后进行嗓音参数对比分析。结果 :全部病例均在半导体激光下手术 1次完成 ,术前、术后嗓音参数变化有统计学意义(P <0 .0 5 ) ;术后随访 1～ 5年 ,单纯性声带白斑 16例及伴轻度不典型增生 6例无一例癌变 ;伴中度和重度不典型增生各 4例 ,分别有 2例于术后 3年内发生癌变。总的癌变率为 13.3% (4 /30 )。结论 :Diomed 2 5半导体激光治疗声带白斑疗效确切 ,损伤小 ,是一种较好的微创手术方式。     

水分离技术在声带白斑剥脱术中的应用

目的探讨水分离技术在声带白斑剥皮术中应用的疗效。方法回顾性分析1999年9月～2007年5月我科利用水分离技术行声带白斑剥脱术治疗的10例声带白斑患者。结果10例患者声带白斑剥离完全，术后随访1～6年，1例3年后复发再次手术，术后随访2年，至今未复发，1例随访2年后出现癌变，行半喉切除术后随访至今3月未复发，余8例未见复发。结论水分离技术的应用能使声带白斑剥离完全，周围局部组织损伤减兜     

声带粘膜白斑32例临床分析

目的：探讨声带粘膜白斑的分型及其与癌变的关系。方法：３２例（３８侧）中,１４例行喉裂开声带粘膜皮术,其中２例在显微镜下用下唇膜修补创面,１８例在显微支撑喉镜下行声带粘膜剥皮术。结果：全组病例随访２￣７年。单纯白斑１８例,无一例癌变;白斑伴轻度不典型增生６例,３２例发生癌变;白斑伴中度和重度不典型增生各４例,各有３例发生癌变（７５％）。各种星的癌变率差异无显著性。支撑喉镜下与喉裂开声带粘膜剥皮术,均     

中-重度不典型增生喉癌癌前病变的治疗探讨

目的提高对中-重度不典型增生喉癌癌前病变的认识,选择恰当的方法治疗中-重度不典型增生喉癌癌前病变。方法选取经病理证实的29例喉中-重度不典型增生癌前病变患者,其中26例采用喉内镜下声带黏膜剥脱术治疗,3例采用喉裂开下喉部分切除术治疗。所有患者术后均随访3年以上,若出现恶变者则至恶变时为此研究随访结束时间。结果 17例一次性治愈;2例复发,采用喉裂开下喉部分切除术治愈;10例癌变,此患者之后按肿瘤分期分别行开放性手术。结论病理为中-重度不典型增生的喉癌癌前病变恶变率高,采用支撑喉镜下声带黏膜剥脱术治疗喉癌癌前病变仍有较高的治愈率,但术后必须严格随诊。     

声带白色样病变45例报告

声带白色样病变并非全部为喉白斑病。本文报告４５例临床诊断为喉白斑病，经病理证实仅３３例。认为，在病检前将本病统称为声带白色病变为宜；白斑病癌变主要在非典型增生的基础上进一步发展所致；非典型增生越严重，癌变的可能性越大。喉显微手术治疗可使部分患者痊愈。     

支撑喉内镜联合喉吸切割系统在喉微创手术中的应用观察

目的：观察支撑喉内镜联合喉吸切割动力系统在喉良性增生性病变切除术中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析2009年12月～2013年8月本院在支撑喉内镜下联合使用美敦力喉吸切割动力系统完成的喉良性增生性病变切除术178例,总结其应用效果。所有患者于术后均适当禁声,并予以雾化吸入及中药甘桔冰梅片口服等综合治疗。结果本术式操作简便,视野清晰精确,所有手术均一次成功,治愈率高达95.5%,仅1例声带白斑患者2个月后出现病变复发并发生癌变,改行一侧声带激光切除术,其他均痊愈。结论支撑喉内镜联合喉吸切割系统切除喉的良性增生性病变,具有视野清晰、无盲区、操作便捷、精确度高、并发症少、疗效肯定等优点,值得临床推广。     

声带粘膜非典型增生6例临床分析

目的 探讨声带粘膜非典型增生与癌变的关系。方法 在支撑喉镜或纤维喉镜下将声带新生物摘除并作病理检查。结果 3例轻度非典型增生分别于术后1年，1年8个月，9年发生癌变，2例中度和1例轻度非典型增生行喉裂开术后发现癌变。结论 声带粘膜非典型增生有较高的癌变率，应引起高度重视，密切随访。     

频闪喉镜检查对声带白斑激光手术的价值

目的 探讨声带白斑手术前频闪喉镜检查与CO2激光手术切除范围及手术治疗效果的相关性.方法 1999～2002年72例在我科行CO2激光手术的声带白斑或声带角化患者,手术前进行频闪喉镜检查,观察病变范围及病变侧黏膜波的改变,采用不同的手术切除范围,术后随访3年以上.分析不同组织病理学结果 与黏膜波改变之间的差异.结果 72例声带白斑患者中,黏膜波正常者24例(33.3%),患侧黏膜波轻度减低者25例(34.7%),中度减低者10例(13.9%),重度减低者13例(18.1%).术后病理结果 ,51.4%(37/72)为角化不伴有不典型增生,19.4%(14/72)为角化伴有轻度不典型增生,12.5%(9/72)为角化伴有中度不典型增生,16.7%(12/72)为角化伴有重度不典型增生,其中3例可疑癌变.根据频闪喉镜检查结果采用不同的手术切除范围,72例患者一次治愈率为88.9%(64/72),癌变率为6.94%(5/72).结论 频闪喉镜检查可以作为声带白斑的术前评估手段,结合CO2激光手术对声带白斑进行早期干预治疗,降低癌变率,提高治愈率.     

激光治疗喉癌前病变

目的在手术治疗喉癌前病变的同时,最大限度的保留和恢复喉的正常发音功能。方法应用激光外科手术治疗喉癌前病变77例,其中采用声带黏膜上皮层切除术治疗声带黏膜白斑及轻度不典型增生23例;采用声带黏膜剥脱术治疗中、重度不典型增生44例;激光切除成人型喉乳头状瘤10例。结果23例声带黏膜白斑及轻度不典型增生者术后2个月发音恢复正常;44例中、重度不典型增生者术后3～5个月发音逐渐恢复正常;10例喉乳头状瘤患者术后发音明显优于经颈进路手术的发音。结论嗓音显微外科手术既能分层切除声带病变,又能最大限度的保留和恢复喉的发声功能,是治疗喉癌前病变首选的微创性方法。     

声带白斑的CO2激光微创治疗

目的 探讨CO2激光手术治疗声带白斑的疗效.方法 30例声带白斑(单侧23例、双侧7例)患者于全身麻醉后,经支撑喉镜显微镜下CO2激光切除声带黏膜白斑样病变,观察疗效.结果 术后随访3～13月,病理检查声带黏膜上皮角化不伴鳞状细胞非典型增生患者的治愈率100%(20/20),伴鳞状上皮轻度非典型增生患者的治愈率100%(7/7),伴鳞状上皮中～重度非典型增生患者的治愈率66.67%(2/3).结论 经支撑喉镜显微镜下CO2激光手术是有效治疗声带白斑的微创手术,随病变上皮鳞状细胞非典型增生程度加重疗效下降.     

A new classification of vocal fold leukoplakia by morphological appearance guiding the treatment

Objective: To provide a reference for classification and treatment of vocal cords leukoplakia.

Methods: 640 cases of patients with vocal cords leukoplakia were divided into three groups based on the appearances. There were respectively 81 smooth flat lesions, 155 smooth hypertrophy lesions and 13 rough lesions were treated with conservative methods and 26, 153 and 212 cases were resected surgically for biopsy.

Results: A majority of smooth flat leukoplakia lesions were cured by non-operational methods and no atypical hyperplasia. Most of rough lesions were invalid and even progressed treated with conservative therapy and were severe dysplasia or canceration. Although 67.6% smooth hypertrophy lesions were cured or improved by conservative methods and 47% lesions had no or mild dysplasia, over 30% of lesions were still invalid or progressed and over 50% had moderate, severe dysplasia and canceration. By statistical analysis, the appearance of leukoplakia was concordant with pathological changes.

Conclusions: It is suggested that smooth flat vocal cords leukoplakia could be treated with conservative methods and rough lesions should be resected operationally, while for smooth hypertrophy vocal cords leukoplakia could be first followed-up and then adopt measures based on the appearance changes.     

声带白斑研究进展

声带白斑是临床常见的疾病,被认为是喉癌前病变之一,但声带白斑这个词并不等同于癌或恶性疾病。目前,关于声带白斑的诊断、治疗缺乏统一的标准,本文就声带白斑的病因、病理、诊断、治疗、恶变率、随访和基础研究等方面做一综述。     

Association of the recurrence and canceration rate of vocal leukoplakia with interleukin-10 promoter variants over a 2-year period

Conclusion This study indicates that IL-10 promoter polymorphism variants, smoking, and alcohol consumption increase the risk of recurrence and canceration in vocal leukoplakia.

Objective This prospective, clinical trial was performed to evaluate the association of interleukin (IL)-10 promoter polymorphism variants and canceration and recurrence rates in vocal leukoplakia (a pre-cancerous laryngeal carcinoma lesion) over a 2-year period.

Participants and method Sixty-one post-operative patients with vocal leukoplakia were enrolled in this prospective, observational study and genotyped for the IL-10 promoter gene (IL-10-1082 A/G, -819 T/C and -592 A/C) using pyrosequencing, and responded to a 2-year follow-up survey. Recurrence and canceration rates were used to evaluate the association between the genotype variants and the clinical outcome.

Results There was an increased canceration rate in the variant genotype group compared to that in the normal genotype group in the 2-year follow-up period (18.4% vs 0%, p-value?=?0.038). Compared with the non-smoker group, the smoker group had a higher recurrence rate of vocal leukoplakia (29.3% vs 5%, p-value =0.044). Likewise, the recurrence rate in the alcohol consumption group was also higher (30.6% vs 8%, p-value =0.034). The percentage of cancerization in the alcohol consumption group was significantly higher than that in the non-alcohol consumption group (19.4% vs 0%, p-value =0.035).     

声门型喉癌部分喉切除术后复发原因探讨及预防

目的：探讨声门型喉癌术后复发的原因，提出有效的防治措施。方法：对我院191年8月－2001年8月收的46例声门型喉癌部分喉切除术后复发病例进行回顾性分析，对原发肿瘤的部位、手术方式及复发肿瘤的部位进行了分析。结果：46例首次复发声门型喉癌病例中，局部复发32例，其中喉内第二原发病变致术后局部复发13例，占40．6％（13／32）。颈部复发14例，其中上颈部是颈部复发的重要部位，占42．9％（6／14）。喉内局部复发再次手术治疗后第2次复发的9例中，上颈部和局部复发仍是主要的复发部位，占55．6％（5／9）。结论：正确处理晚期声门型喉癌和喉内局部复发癌的上颈部淋巴结及正确认识声门型喉癌内第二原发病变并作相应的处理是降低声门型喉癌术后复发的重要措施。     

Laser management of oral leukoplakias: a follow-up study of 70 patients.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: To assess the efficacy of laser therapy for the management of premalignant oral lesions. STUDY DESIGN: The study group consisted of seventy consecutive laser-treated patients with oral leukoplakia. The microscopic diagnosis included idiopathic focal keratosis, dysplasias of all grades, and verrucous hyperplasia (proliferative verrucous leukoplakia). Thirty-nine patients had some degree of microscopic dysplasia and six demonstrated high-risk proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. The clinical appearances of the lesions were white (homogeneous leukoplakia) in 48, red and white (erythroleukoplakia) in 8, and verrucous in 14. There were 38 men and 32 women in this group. The average age was 63 years (range, 31-90 y). METHODS: Lasers employed were the CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers, and standard laser safety protocols were used. RESULTS: There was no postoperative infection, hemorrhage, or paresthesia Two patients developed pyogenic granulomas in their surgical sites. Fifty-five of 70 patients were followed for more than 6 months; follow-up averaged 32 months (range 6-178 mo). Twenty-nine patients had complete control of their lesions; 19 patients had small recurrences removed with subsequent laser surgeries, leading to control; 2 patients had complete recurrences; and 5 patients developed squamous cell carcinoma at the lesion site. Verrucous lesions had an especially high rate of recurrence (83%), with 9 of 12 ultimately controlled with subsequent surgeries. CONCLUSIONS: Laser surgery of oral leukoplakia is an effective tool in a complete management strategy that includes careful clinical follow-up, patient education to eliminate risk factors and report suspicious lesions, and biopsy of suspicious lesions when appropriate. However, recurrence and progression to cancer remain a risk.     

p57(kip2) expression is related to carcinogenesis and tumor progression in laryngeal tissues

CONCLUSIONS: Reduction of p57(kip2) expression is related to carcinogenesis in laryngeal mucosa. Assessment of p57(kip2) expression may be a promising candidate as a progressive biomarker in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and significance of p57(kip2) in a dysplasia/carcinoma sequence of laryngeal mucosa. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed involving 10 cases of normal mucosa, 31 of laryngeal leukoplakia and 109 of laryngeal SCC. p57(kip2) and p53 protein expression was detected in the tissue samples of these patients using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: p57(kip2) expression was decreased in leukoplakia with moderate or severe dysplasia, and further decreased in SCC. No significant difference was found between normal mucosa and leukoplakia with no or mild dysplasia. In patients with laryngeal SCC, advanced tumor size and clinical stage and the recurrence of disease were associated with reduced p57(kip2) expression. The occurrence of lymph node metastasis was also related to negative expression of p57(kip2). The overall 5-year disease-free survival rate of patients with laryngeal SCC was significantly higher in the p57(kip2)-positive than in the p57(kip2)-negative group.     

Institutional and comprehensive review of laryngeal leukoplakia

OBJECTIVES: The nature and interpretation of vocal fold leukoplakia has been limited by small study sizes. The present study reviewed institutional data and the published literature to better characterize vocal fold leukoplakia. METHODS: At our institution, the histopathology, age, and malignant conversion rates of 136 patients (208 biopsies) with vocal fold leukoplakia from 1990 to 2005 were reviewed. RESULTS: No dysplasia (ND), mild and/or moderate dysplasia (MM), and severe dysplasia and/or squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SS) was identified in, respectively, 110 of 208 (53%), 38 of 208 (18%), and 31 of 208 (15%) biopsies. After 30 months (range, 1 to 134 months), malignant transformation was observed in 8 patients on subsequent biopsies. Additionally, a literature search was performed from 1960 to 2005 for the medical subject headings (MeSH) premalignant laryngeal lesions, laryngeal dysplasia, laryngeal leukoplakia, vocal cord dysplasia, and hyperkeratosis of the larynx. Fifteen reports were included for review. When these were combined with our institutional data, 1,173 of 2,188 biopsies (53.6%) revealed ND. Mild and/or moderate dysplasia and SS were present in 717 of 2,140 (33.5%) and 375 of 2,471 (15.2%) biopsies, respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma developed in 52 of 1,388 (3.7%), 83 of 824 (10.1%), and 56 of 310 (18.1%) patients whose initial biopsies demonstrated ND, MM, or SS. CONCLUSIONS: More than half of the reported leukoplakia lesions with biopsies showed ND. However, even lesions characterized as ND were associated with an increased risk of development of squamous cell carcinoma. Importantly, the risk of developing malignancy appears to correlate with the severity of dysplasia present on initial biopsy. Because clinical examination does not accurately predict the risk of malignancy, future studies, including genomic evaluation of this lesion, may be necessary to further characterize its biologic behavior.     

喉非典型增生和鳞癌的PCNA,p21表达及其意义

为探索增殖细胞核抗原和ｐ２１在喉非典型增生与其转化后的鳞癌中的表达有无差异。