肝血管瘤伴血管平滑肌脂肪瘤及局灶性结节性增生1例

患者女性,43岁,无明显诱因右下腹疼痛10 h就诊。查体:右下腹压痛、反跳痛明显,余未见明显异常。CT检查示:肝右前叶可见一不规则稍低密度影,大小11.6 cm×12 cm,密度不均,中央可见散在更低密度影,CT值:26～30 Hu,边9     

卵巢颗粒细胞瘤术后27年膈肌转移1例

正患者女性,68岁,8天前无明显诱因出现右下腹疼痛,呈阵发性,持续数分钟后疼痛症状稍缓解,伴腹胀。查腹MRI示肝右叶和膈肌占位,腺瘤合并出血可能性大(图1)。血清学检查:AFP:1.33 ng/mL(正常值0～20 ng/mL),CEA:1.51ng/mL(正常值0～5 ng/mL)。查体见小腹平坦,未见胃肠型及蠕动波,下腹可见长约15 cm手术瘢痕;右下腹压痛、无反     

妊娠合并卵巢冠囊肿蒂扭转4周一例

病例:女性患者,22岁,主因初孕36~( 1),枕位,持续性右下腹痛1天于2001-12-10 16:40入院。入院查体:血压16/10kPa,心肺(—),肝脾肋下触及不满意,右下腹压痛,无反跳痛,肾区无叩击痛,浮肿(—)。产科情况:宫高33cm,腹围102cm。无宫缩,先露头,浅入,胎心136次/min。骨盘外测量正常。B超示羊水稍多。其它未见异常,入院后即请外     

卵巢交界性子宫内膜样腺纤维瘤1例

患者女性,35岁,因间断性痛经4年,盆腔包块20天入院.患者既往月经规律,于2008年初无明显诱因出现下腹坠痛,于经期第1天出现,持续2～3天,伴腰痛及肛门坠胀,严重时伴恶心,无呕吐、头晕、乏力,痛经呈间断性,未治疗,于20天前在当地卫生院彩超检查发现卵巢肿瘤,建议手术,为求进一步明确诊断及治疗,遂来本院就诊.彩超示:左侧附件区不均质低回声包块.左侧附件区见一直径5 cm质硬包块,表面结节感,活动差,轻压痛,右附件区(-).临床诊断左卵巢肿瘤,遂行手术切除.     

卵巢类似性索-间质肿瘤的子宫内膜样癌1例

正患者女性,64岁,下腹胀3个月余,于2017年7月入院。患者3个月前无明显诱因出现腹胀,不伴恶心、呕吐,无阴道异常流血、排液等症状。B超检查:发现盆腔内见囊实性包块,大小15. 5 cm×12. 2 cm×6. 9 cm,形态不规则,边界不清,内见厚薄不均分隔,见不均质高回声团。术中见右侧卵巢直径约20 cm的囊实性肿物,与膀胱致密粘连,右输卵管外观未见明显异常。     

成人卵巢肾外Wilms瘤一例

患者女,22岁.因腹胀近2个月,下腹持续疼痛伴发热2 d入院.体检:下腹部略膨隆,脐上1 cm处可触及包块上界,有压痛及反跳痛,无移动性浊音.在外院就诊B超示:子宫前方偏实性占位性病变,大小10.4 cm × 8.6 cm × 10.0cm;子宫上方多房囊性包块,大小9.0 cm×7.0 cm×5.6 cm.     

儿童腹膜后支气管源性囊肿1例

患者男性,13岁,以"间断性下腹脐周痛8天"来我院就诊.入院查体:生长发育良好,生命体征平稳,左右下腹均有轻压痛,无反跳痛,未及包块,移动浊音阴性.血液常规及生化检查基本正常.影像学:超声示左肾上腺上极与脾之间异常回声区.CT示左肾上腺区可见梭形软组织影,6 cm×2.3cm,其内可见钙化灶,增强后强化不明显.临床诊断:左肾上腺占位.行"左肾上腺占位切除术",术中所见:肾上腺完好,占位位于肾上腺旁,囊实性,3 cm×3 cm×3 cm,内含黄色黏液.     

双角子宫合并宫颈积脓术后足月妊娠一例

1.病例报告患者20岁,未怀孕未生育,主诉右下腹痛1月余,于2003年12月29日第一次入院。疼痛为间隔性隐痛,放射至右下肢,无发热畏寒,外院抗炎治疗无好转。患者月经周期为23-37天,经期7天,1月余前初次同房。入院查体:一般情况可,体温36.7℃,心肺未见异常,腹软,右下腹有压痛无反跳痛。妇科检查:阴道内有大量粘稠白带,右侧穹隆触痛明显,单宫颈光滑,宫颈右侧壁扪及囊性包块约4×3cm,有波动感,扪及两个分开的宫体均大约4×3×3cm,轻压痛,双附件未见异常。外院12月22日彩超显示:双子宫,单宫颈增大,宫颈管内探及无回声区,范围5.0×3.7 cm,暗区内可见不…     

肠多发性淋巴瘤性息肉病一例

患者女,53岁.腹痛、恶心、呕吐1年,加重伴发现腹部肿物、腹泻半个月.曾在当地行抗感染、对症治疗无好转,于2008年4月25日入本院.体检:腹平坦,未见胃肠型及蠕动波,右下腹见一局限性隆起.右下腹脐旁触及一肿物10 cm×7 cm,质硬,欠光滑,活动度尚可,压痛(+),全腹无反跳痛及肌紧张,肝脾肋下未触及.     

肠系膜未成熟畸胎瘤1例

患者女,39岁.以"右下腹隐痛1个月"为主诉入院.妇科检查:右附件区可扪及一超儿头大小肿物,质中,压痛明显,活动度差.盆腔彩超:右附件区囊实混合性肿物12.1 cm×6.6 cm,注意卵巢癌.左附件区囊性包块3.5 cm×2.1 cm×2.4 cm.     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

Modes of Inheritance of Errors of Refraction

Eighteen families in which both parents had refractions within the range of +4·0 D to −4·0 D and axial lengths seen in emmetropia (22·3-26·0 mm) showed coefficients of correlation of the order 0·5 indicative of polygenic inheritance. Such coefficients were seen for axial length (0·407) and for the cornea (0·487), but not for the lens (which is known to be yoked to the axial length). No such coefficients were seen in 19 families in which one of the parents had axial length outside the emmetropic range (nine families with long axes and 10 with short axes).

The pattern of polygenic inheritance for emmetropia (completely correlated optical components) and errors of refraction up to 4·0 D (inadequately correlated components: correlation ametropia) follows that seen in stature and other measurable characters. In contrast the high refractive errors with their abnormal axial lengths (component ametropia) are—like the extremes in stature—pathological anomalies with monofactorial inheritance.

     

Aspects of the problem of direct introduction of Standards of International Organizations

Editorial note. This article is published as part of a discussion. Particular issues of the article are disputable. First of all, this concerns the so-called “folder” method of introduction of international standards for medical devices to domestic medical practice (i.e., by direct translation of the standards and their publication as standardizing documents). Nevertheless, at least one of the problems, the problem of coordination between domestic state standards for medical devices and international recommendations of ISO and IEC, is undoubtedly of topical importance. Advancement of new health service legislation which is to be approved by law-makers will definitely introduce corrections into the present situation. The Editorial Board of Meditsinskaya Tekhnika believes this article will lessen these problems and to be welcomed by readers.