Second- versus first-generation drug-eluting stents for diabetic patients: a meta-analysis

Introduction

The issue of whether various drug-eluting stents (DES) provide similar benefit in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease remains unclear. The purpose of the study is to assess the clinical utility of the second-generation and first-generation DES in patients with diabetes mellitus by a meta-analysis.

Material and methods

A systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases was conducted. We included randomized trials involving head-to-head comparison of clinical outcomes of second- versus first-generation DES in patients with a diagnosis of diabetes with at least 6-month follow-up data. Summary statistics were calculated using random-effects models.

Results

A total of 10 trials with 4503 patients were available for analysis. The pooled analyses showed that the second-generation everolimus-eluting stent (EES) significantly lowered all-cause mortality (risk ratio (RR) = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37–0.90; p = 0.01) and the risk of stent thrombosis (RR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22–0.95; p = 0.03) compared with the first-generation sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) and the overall first-generation DES, respectively. Moreover, the EES showed a tendency toward reducing the incidence of recurrent myocardial infarction when compared with paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) (RR = 0.58, p = 0.08). In contrast, the second-generation zotarolimus-eluting stents (ZES) were associated with increased rates of stent thrombosis and risk of target lesion revascularization in comparison with the SES (both p < 0.05) or the overall first-generation DES (both p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The second-generation EES are highly effective in reducing the risk of major cardiac events in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease.     

The incidence of acute myocardial infarction in relation to overweight and obesity: a meta-analysis

Introduction

Epidemiological evidence suggests that overweight and obesity have been associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, data on this issue are controversial. This study aims to use meta-analysis to determine whether overweight and obesity are related to AMI.

Material and methods

We searched PubMed and Embase databases up to October 23^rd, 2013 for related literature. The association of overweight and obesity with AMI was assessed by odd ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) as the effect size. Then subgroup analysis was performed according to gender, area and study type.

Results

Five primary studies (one cohort study and four case-control studies) were included in this meta-analysis involving 36 803 participants, 14 883 of whom had an AMI. There was a significant association between overweight and AMI (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.21–1.33, p < 0.001). Similar results revealed a relation between obesity and AMI (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.07–1.40, p = 0.003). Subgroup analysis showed that overweight and obesity were positively associated with AMI risk except for obese subjects in Europe. There was no publication bias (Begg''s test p = 0.972, Egger''s test p = 0.858).

Conclusions

Both overweight and obesity increased the incidence of AMI, and it is necessary to control weight to prevent AMI. A large number of studies is needed to explore the mechanisms that link overweight and obesity with AMI.     

Corticosteroid therapy for severe acute pancreatitis: a meta-analysis of randomized,controlled trials

Background: Recent reports about the benefits of corticosteroid therapy in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) have shown conflicting results. We aimed to explore the effects of corticosteroid therapy in SAP patients on patient outcomes by performing a meta-analysis. Methods: Databases (Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedicine Database, and China Academic Journal Full-Text Database) were queried for all relevant, randomized, controlled trials investigating corticosteroid therapy in patients with SAP. Results: Six randomized, controlled trials including 430 SAP patients were identified. Corticosteroid therapy for SAP was associated with reductions in the length of hospital stay, the need for surgical intervention, and the mortality rate (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -9.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -16.91 to -2.04, P = 0.01; odds ratio [OR]: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18-0.67, P = 0.002; OR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.22-0.94, P = 0.03). There were no significant differences in the complication rates or Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores in patients with or without corticosteroid therapy. Conclusion: Corticosteroid therapy may improve outcomes in patients with SAP.     

急性心肌梗死患者经急诊介入治疗后心肌顿抑的临床观察

目的探讨急性心肌梗死患者经急诊介入治疗后心肌顿抑发生情况,为急性期心功能的维护提供依据。方法筛选62例首次急性前壁及前间壁心肌梗死患者,其中男性43例,女性19例,年龄47—72岁,平均年龄58．76岁。32例行急诊冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI组）,30例为内科保守治疗患者（药物治疗组）,于术后或入院后0（即刻）～2d及10～14d静息状态下分别行超声心动图检查,记录左心室内径（舒张末前后径）、心输出量及左心室射血分数,同时监测肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、肌钙蛋白T,找出酶峰值。结果与药物治疗组比较,PCI组术后0（即刻）-2d左心室内径明显增加（P〈0．01）,心输出量明显减少（P〈0．01）,左心室射血分数明显降低（P〈0．01）,心肌酶峰值提前出现,且低于药物治疗组酶峰值（P〈0．05）;治疗前后比较,PCI组术后10。14d较前左心室内径明显减小（P〈0．01）,心输出量增加（P〈0．05）,左心室射血分数明显升高（P〈0．01）,而药物治疗组入院后10-14d较治疗前左心室内径、心输出量及左心室射血分数无显著变化（P〉0．05）。结论急性心肌梗死患者行急诊PCI治疗可有效减少心肌坏死面积,但存在心肌顿抑,因此术后心功能的维护非常重要。     

Effectiveness of drug-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in large coronary arteries in patients with acute myocardial infarction

This study compared clinical outcomes of drug-eluting stents (DES) versus bare-metal stents (BMS) in large coronary arteries in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). A total of 985 patients who underwent single-vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in large coronary arteries (≥ 3.5 mm) in lesions < 25 mm were divided into DES group (n = 841) and BMS group (n = 144). Clinical outcomes during 12 months were compared. In-hospital outcome was similar between the groups. At six months, death/MI rate was not different. However, DES group had significantly lower rates of target-lesion revascularization (TLR) (1.7% vs 5.6%, P = 0.021), target-vessel revascularization (TVR) (2.2% vs 5.6%, P = 0.032), and total major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (3.4% vs 11.9%, P = 0.025). At 12 months, the rates of TLR and TVR remained lower in the DES group (2.5% vs 5.9%, P = 0.032 and 5.9% vs 3.1%, P = 0.041), but the rates of death/MI and total MACE were not statistically different. The use of DES in large vessels in the setting of acute MI is associated with lower need for repeat revascularization compared to BMS without compromising the overall safety over the course of one-year follow-up.     

Role of myeloperoxidase in early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in patients admitted with chest pain

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an inflammatory marker, elevated in acute coronary syndromes (ACSs), especially in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) cases. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic power of MPO in AMI patients. MPO, creatine kinase (CK) MB, and Troponin I (cTn I) were performed for all study patients. Area under the curves (AUCs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI); P values of baseline levels of MPO for discriminating AMI patients from noncoronary chest pain (NCCP) patients, stable angina (SA) patients, and unstable angina (UA) patients were 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82–0.99; P < 0.0001, 0.87, 95% CI: 0.77–0.98; P < 0.0001, and 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58–0.85; P = 0.002, respectively. For diagnosing AMI from ACS patients, MPO was the most efficient marker than others markers with efficiency 82.5% within 0–6 hr after the onset time of chest pain. A predictive score that depends on a combination of baseline levels of three markers (MPO, CK-MB, and TnI) was correctly discriminated 91% of the AMI patients with high specificity 76%. In conclusion, the use of baseline levels of three biomarkers in combination could confer the information that is required for best available early diagnosis of AMI.     

Signs and symptoms in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction and acute coronary syndrome: a diagnostic meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Prompt diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome is very important. AIM: A systematic review was conducted to determine the accuracy of 10 important signs and symptoms in selected and non-selected patients. DESIGN OF STUDY: Diagnostic meta-analysis. METHOD: Using MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, tracing references, and by contacting experts, studies were sought out that described one of the 10 signs and symptoms on one or both conditions. Studies were excluded if they were not based on original data. Validity was assessed using QUADAS and all data were pooled using a random effects model. RESULTS: Sixteen of the 28 included studies were about patients who were non-selected. In this group, absence of chest-wall tenderness on palpation had a pooled sensitivity of 92% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 86 to 96) for acute myocardial infarction and 94% (95% CI = 91 to 96) for acute coronary syndrome. Oppressive pain followed with a pooled sensitivity of 60% (95% CI = 55 to 66) for acute myocardial infarction. Sweating had the highest pooled positive likelihood ratio (LR+), namely 2.92 (95% CI = 1.97 to 4.23) for acute myocardial infarction. The other pooled LR+ fluctuated between 1.05 and 1.49. Negative LRs (LR-) varied between 0.98 and 0.23. Absence of chest-wall tenderness on palpation had a LR- of 0.23 (95% CI = 0.18 to 0.29). CONCLUSIONS: Based on this meta-analysis it was not possible to define an important role for signs and symptoms in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome. Only chest-wall tenderness on palpation largely ruled out acute myocardial infarction or acute coronary syndrome in low-prevalence settings.     

同种与不同种药物洗脱支架治疗后支架再狭窄的Meta分析

背景：冠心病患者发生药物洗脱支架再狭窄拟行再次支架置入治疗时选择何种类型药物支架尚无定论。 目的：对比同种及不同种药物洗脱支架在治疗冠心病患者首次置入药物洗脱支架后发生再狭窄的有效性和安全性。 方法：计算机检索1984年1月至2012年2月Pubmed数据库、EMBASE数据库、Cochrane图书馆、Google学术搜索及中国生物医学文献光盘等数据库中同种及不同种药物洗脱支架在治疗冠心病患者首次置入药物洗脱支架后发生再狭窄的临床试验,进行 Meta分析。 结果与结论：共纳入6篇,均包括首次置入药物洗脱支架后再次置入西罗莫司洗脱支架或紫杉醇洗脱支架的临床试验,共983例患者。同种与不同种药物洗脱支架处理首次药物洗脱支架置入后再狭窄在全因死亡(P=0.31,I²=14%,OR=0.92,95%CI[0.40,2.08])、再次心肌梗死发生(P=0.64,I²=0,OR=2.68,95%CI[1.00,7.24]、支架内血栓发生率(P=0.82,I²=0,OR=2.02,95%CI[0.37,11.08])及靶病变血管重建(P=0.63,I²=0,OR=1.15,95%CI[0.75,1.76])方面差异无显著性意义。提示同种与不同种药物洗脱支架治疗药物洗脱支架再狭窄的有效性及安全性无差异。     

Impact of sleep‐disordered breathing in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective analysis

Sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Previous studies showed that severe SDB has a negative impact on myocardial salvage and progression of left ventricular dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study investigated the frequency of SDB and the effects of SDB on left ventricular function after AMI. This retrospective study enrolled all patients with AMI who had undergone cardiorespiratory polygraphy for SDB diagnosis. The apnea–hypopnea index was used as a standard metric of SDB severity. SDB was classified as mild (apnea–hypopnea index >5 to <15 per h), moderate (≥15 to <30 per h) or severe (apnea–hypopnea index ≥30 per h). According to the majority of events, SDB was classified as predominant obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea or mixed sleep apnea (mixed SDB). A total of 223 patients with AMI (112 with ST elevation and 111 without ST elevation; 63.2 ± 11.2 years, 82% male, left ventricular ejection fraction 49 ± 12%) were enrolled. SDB was present in 85.6%, and was moderate‐to‐severe in 63.2%; 40.8% had obstructive sleep apnea, 41.7% had central sleep apnea and 3.1% had mixed SDB. Left ventricular ejection fraction was lower in patients with AMI with severe SDB (45 ± 14%) versus those without SDB (57 ± 7%; P < 0.005). In addition, lower left ventricular ejection fraction (≤45%) was associated with increased frequency (apnea–hypopnea index ≥5 per h in 96%) and severity (apnea–hypopnea index ≥30 per h in 48%) of SDB in general and a higher percentage of central sleep apnea (57%) in particular. SDB is highly frequent in patients with AMI. SDB severity appeared to be linked to impaired left ventricular function, especially in patients with central sleep apnea.     

Efficacy and safety of bivalirudin bridging enoxaparin versus fondaparinux in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: evidence from a single-center study

IntroductionThis study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of bivalirudin bridging enoxaparin versus fondaparinux in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who were undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).MethodsThe study is a prospective, natural, and selective interventional trial based on real-world data for 482 AMI patients.ResultsAt the end of the follow-up, the two groups demonstrated similar major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) and bleeding rates. After propensity score matching (PSM), the fondaparinux group showed greater advantages in reducing MACCE and bleeding events.ConclusionsThe anticoagulation strategy of bivalirudin bridging fondaparinux seems to be superior to that of bivalirudin bridging enoxaparin in patients with AMI undergoing PPCI.     

Acute myocardial infarction and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: a comparison

Myocardial infarction (MI) denotes the death of cardiac myocytes due to extended ischemia. Myocardial reperfusion is the restoration of coronary blood flow after a period of coronary occlusion. Reperfusion has the potential to salvage ischemic myocardium but paradoxically can cause injury, a phenomenon called as ‘reperfusion injury’ (IR). Standard histologic, immunohistochemical and Elisa techniques were used to study the histopathologic, oxidative, apoptotic and inflammatory changes in MI and IR. The IL-6 levels in the LV of the MI group were significantly raised as compared to the IR group (P=0.0008). Plasma IL-6 was also significantly increased in the MI group as compared to the IR group (P=0.031). MI model was also associated with increase in the neutrophil polymorphs number in the infarction related myocardium as compared to the re-perfused myocardium. A significant increase in troponin I level in the MI group as compared to the IR group is also seen (P=0.0001). Our IR model showed enhanced pro-apoptotic mediators like cleaved caspase-3 (P=0.005) and cytochrome c in the myocardium as compared to the MI model. In conclusion, myocardial damage in MI is mainly due to ischemic necrosis and inflammatory mechanisms while apoptosis is the main mechanism of cell death in IR in addition to limited ischemic necrosis.     

氯吡格雷抵抗对急性心肌梗死合并糖尿病患者冠脉介入治疗预后的影响

目的：观察急性心肌梗死合并糖尿病且接受直接经皮冠脉介入治疗的患者氯吡格雷抵抗发生的情况及其对远期预后的影响。方法：连续入选2011年1月1日~2012年12月31日在我院接受直接经皮冠脉介入治疗,出院后随访>1年的急性心肌梗死合并糖尿病患者119例,所有患者均在服用氯吡格雷负荷量24 h后进行血栓弹力图检测,根据ADP诱导的血小板抑制率分为对照组(ADP抑制率≥50%,82例)和观察组(即氯吡格雷抵抗组,ADP抑制率<50%,37例)。记录患者的临床特点、生化指标、随访期间死亡和主要不良心血管事件(main adverse cardiac events,MACE)发生情况。结果：临床随访平均(783±241) d,氯吡格雷抵抗的发生率为31%。随访1年内总的MACE发生率为7.6%。氯吡格雷抵抗组1年内的MACE发生率明显高于对照组(16.2% vs.3.7%,P=0.025)。氯吡格雷抵抗和长期(1年以上)MACE发生无关(P=0.334);多因素Cox回归分析,氯吡格雷抵抗对患者的长期死亡率无明显影响。结论：接受直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的糖尿病合并急性心肌梗死患者存在明显的氯吡格雷抵抗现象。氯吡格雷抵抗会增加这些患者介入术后1年内发生主要心脏不良事件的风险,而对其1年以上的长期预后无显著影响。     

大鼠急性心肌梗死模型制作方法的改良

目的:为大鼠急性心肌梗死模型制作提供更快、更稳定的方法。方法:所有大鼠按气管插管方法-开胸扩开第3肋间隙方法随机分为:灌胃针-开睑器组(传统组)、灌胃针-缝合线开睑器组、自制插管-开睑器组、自制插管-缝合线开睑器组(改良组),麻醉后分别用相应方法行气管插管和开胸,暴露术野,结扎冠状动脉前降支,记录每组大鼠气管插管时间、气管插管次数、手术时间、术后呼吸道哮鸣音发生率、肺损伤程度和死亡率。术后第2天和第4天随机取各组大鼠5只,行心电图、左心室插管和心肌染色检测模型心功能及心肌梗死面积。结果:使用自制插管的两组插管时间和次数与使用灌胃针的两组差别无统计学意义,但术后呼吸道哮鸣音发生率及死亡率明显低于使用灌胃针两组;使用缝合线开睑器的两组手术时间、术中肺损伤程度及术后死亡率明显低于使用开睑器的两组;各组间心功能及心肌梗死面积差异无统计学意义,改良组组内心功能及梗死面积差异性较小。结论:改良后大鼠急性心肌梗死模型制作方法简单、成活率较高、模型质量较高,值得推广。     

老老年急性心肌梗死患者介入治疗的疗效及近期安全性评价

目的评价老老年（≥80岁）急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者行急诊与择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术（PCI）的有效性和近期安全性。方法将120例老老年冠心病患者分为急性心肌梗死组（AMI组）和非心肌梗死组（对照组）,其中AMI组发病12h内行直接PCI的患者为AMI急诊组,其他AMI患者（AMI择期组）和对照组患者均行择期PCI,两组合称为非急诊组,对各组的临床资料及冠脉介入特点进行回顾性分析。结果 AMI急诊组PCI即刻成功率（72.2%）低于非急诊组（92.2%）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.036）。AMI急诊组并发症比非急诊组和AMI择期组高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001,P=0.039）,AMI组并发症及主要不良心脏事件发生率、院内死亡率均比对照组高（P〈0.05）。结论在老老年AMI患者中,急诊与择期PCI手术成功率均较高,虽然急诊PCI术发生并发症的风险较高,但两者在院内死亡率和主要不良心脏事件发生率方面差异无统计学意义。     

急性心肌梗死介入治疗进展

血栓形成确认为急性心肌梗死的病理基础后 ,80年代起再灌注治疗开创了急性心肌梗死 (ＡＭＩ)治疗的里程脾。多项临床试验证实静脉溶栓治疗显著降低了心肌梗死 (ＭＩ)的死亡率 ,大大改善了心肌梗死患者的预后。然而 ,静脉溶栓治疗仍有不足之处 ,如能接受溶栓治疗的患者仅 1/ 3,血管再通率只有 60 %～ 80 % ,而实际上溶栓后梗死相关血管冠状动脉造影达ＴＩＭＩ 3级血流 (即完全再灌注 )的仅50 %～ 55% ,ＴＩＭＩ 2级血流 (即部分再灌注 )虽达再灌注标准 ,但并不降低死亡率 ,Ａｎｄｅｒｓｏｎ等报告90ｍｉｎ梗死相关血管达ＴＩＭＩ 3级血流者 3…     

糖化血红蛋白对老年急性心肌梗死患者接受直接经皮冠脉介入治疗远期预后的影响

目的:评价糖化血红蛋白(glycosylatedhemoglobin,HbA1c)对老年急性心肌梗死患接受直接经皮冠脉介入治疗远期预后的影响.方法:入选2008年6月31日~2012年12月31日在我院接受直接经皮冠脉介入治疗,年龄60岁以上,入院后24小时内测定HbA1c并且出院后随访>1年的急性心肌梗死患233例,根据HbA1c水平分为3组,组I(HbA1c≤5.6%,46例)、组II(5.7%≤HbA1c≤6.4%,92例)、组III(HbA1c≥6.5%,95例).分析三组患1年内主不良心脏事件(mainadversecardiacevents,MACE)和全因死亡率,了解患入院后HbA1c水平与急性心肌梗死1年以上长期预后的关系.结果:临床随访平均(977±438)d,随访1年死亡12例(5.2%),发生不良心脏事件18例(7.7%).将入选患分为否认糖尿病组和糖尿病组,否认糖尿病组患1年内MACE发生率与死亡率三组均一致,组III(12.5%)明显高于组II(2.6%)和组I(0%;P=0.026),但组I与组II之间无明显差异;糖尿病组患将组I与组II合并后与组III比较在1年内的MACE发生率(P=0.059)及死亡率(P=0.328)上无统计学差异.多因素Cox回归分析,校正其他因素后,HbA1c是患长期(1年以上)死亡率的独立预测因子(HR:1.258;95%CI:1.114~1.421;P<0.001).结论:在接受直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的老年急性心肌梗死患,HbA1c是长期死亡发生的独立预测因子.对于既往无糖尿病病史患,HbA1c≥6.5%与其1年内发生死亡和主心脏不良事件显著相关..     

微血管损伤对急性心肌梗死患者的影响

心肌梗死患者即使心外膜冠状动脉血流得以成功恢复,仍有相当比例的患者受到严重的微血管灌注损伤,且除外主动脉夹层、栓塞、痉挛及狭窄等原因,这种心肌组织仍低灌注的现象称为无复流或微血管损伤.其潜在的病理生理学机制可能是复杂的、多因素的.微循环损伤的发生是影响心肌梗死患者预后的相关因素,且其个体差异性较大,目前尚未建立完善有效的防治策略.迄今为止大多数临床研究结果都不尽如人意,进行深入研究以减少或避免微血管损伤带来的影响是目前急需解决的关键问题.     

Aortic intimal sarcoma with acute myocardial infarction

An autopsy case of aortic sarcoma who died of acute myocardial infarction caused by coronary involvement is reported. The patient was a 54 year old woman who was admitted because of an undiagnosed fever and general fatigue of 6 months duration. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a tumor in the aortic arch. Total aortic arch replacement was performed, it was diagnosed as a malignant mesenchymal tumor of the aorta. The patient died of acute myocardial infarction 10 months after the operation. At autopsy, the tumor had invaded the luminal surface and intima of the proximal anastomosis (the remnant ascending aorta and the graft), the aortic valves, the distal anastomosis (surgical line of the thoracic aorta plus the graft), and the coronary arteries. The left main coronary artery showed complete obstruction by fibrin thrombus with tumor invasion in the intima, which was responsible for acute myocardial infarction. Primitive and bizarre tumor cells proliferated with many slit-like tissue spaces. Most of the tumor except for its luminal surface showed necrosis. Ultrastructurally, there were spaces between tumor cells, suggesting lumen formation, and some of them had microvilli. This sarcoma was considered to be the so-called aortic intimal sarcoma.     

药物洗脱支架用于急性心肌梗死的临床观察

目的评价药物涂层支架用于急性心肌梗死的安全性及临床疗效。方法34例发病1周以内的急性心肌梗死患者梗塞相关动脉机械性再灌注治疗时使用药物涂层支架,并于术后3～12个月进行门诊及电话随访,必要时复查冠状动脉造影,观察住院及随访期间心血管事件发生率(死亡、再发急性心肌梗死及血管重建术)。结果37枚药物涂层支架(CYPHER15枚,TAXUS22枚)植入34个梗塞相关动脉(其中3处病变各植入2枚支架),支架长度(22.7±9.0)mm,支架直径(3.1±0.3)mm;10例(29.4%)接受直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI),3例(8.8%)为挽救性PCI。支架植入成功率100%。1例(2.9%)支架内急性血栓形成,行急诊血管重建术。平均随访间期(5.9±2.8)个月,2例(5.9%)于随访期间因再发原部位心肌梗死入院治疗,1例因非靶血管病变致心绞痛于术后10个月入院治疗。住院及随访期间无死亡病例发生。结论研究提示药物涂层支架用于急性心肌梗死患者治疗梗塞相关动脉行机械性再灌注安全,可获得与药物涂层支架用于择期的、相对简单的冠状动脉病变的类似疗效。     

心前区疼痛刺激对实验性大鼠急性心梗范围的影响

目的：观察心前区疼痛刺激对急性心梗大鼠心梗范围的影响。方法：SD雄性大鼠40只,随机分为4组：急性心梗对照组,心前区疼痛刺激组,六烃季(Hexamethonium,HEX)注射组,8-对苯磺酸基茶碱(8-p-sulfophenyl)theophylline,8-SPT)注射组。左心室连同室间隔横切,硝基四氮唑兰染色法测量心梗面积。结果：心前区疼痛刺激组较急性心梗对照组心梗面积显著减小。HEX注射组和8-SPT注射组与急性心梗对照组心梗面积无明显改变。结论：心前区疼痛刺激可能通过交感神经兴奋,间接起到心肌保护作用。