Simultaneous arthrodiastasis and deformity correction for a patient with ankle osteoarthritis and lower limb deformity: A case report

We here report a case of a 50-year-old male with ankle osteoarthritis and lower limb deformity, for which simultaneous deformity correction and arthrodiastasis were performed. The patient initially experienced an open fracture on the left tibia at 19 years, but it was malunited. The Japanese Society for Surgery score of the foot for the left ankle was 53 points. X-ray and CT imaging showed rotational and angular tibial deformities with shortening by 1.6 cm and end-stage osteoarthritis of the left ankle. An external fixator was applied to correct the lower limb deformity, and ankle arthrodiastasis was performed. A good result was achieved in alignment correction and joint function. The patient had an improved clinical score of 98 points at a 2-year followup. We found that external fixation was useful because external fixator is the only appropriate instrument by which arthrodiastasis and deformity correction for ankle osteoarthritis can be simultaneously performed.     

经后路椎弓根截骨内固定治疗老年严重脊柱后凸畸形

目的探讨后路经椎弓根截骨治疗老年严重脊柱后凸畸形的临床疗效。方法对18例老年严重脊柱后凸畸形患者采用后路经椎弓根截骨矫形内固定治疗,分别于术后2周、3个月、12个月通过X线片、VAS评分、Cobb角、神经功能恢复情况评估临床疗效。结果 18例均获随访,时间14～37个月。VAS评分:术前8.4分±1.3分,术后2周、3个月、12个月分别为1.1分±0.3分、1.1分±0.2分、1.2分±0.3分,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Cobb角:术前为78.3°±5.9°,术后2周、3个月、12个月分别为42.7°±8.4°、42.9°±5.7°、44.2°±6.9°,与术前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。有2例发生硬脊膜撕裂,1例直接缝合,1例行脑膜片修补,未发生脑脊液漏。无内固定松动、断裂及截骨面假关节形成。结论后路经椎弓根截骨矫形内固定可以有效矫正老年性脊柱后凸畸形,临床疗效良好。     

有限内固定结合外固定支架与钢板治疗胫骨平台骨折的疗效分析

[目的]探讨有限内固定结合外固定支架与钢板在胫骨平台骨折治疗中的应用及其疗效.[方法]2007年1月～2011年1月从胫骨平台骨折患者中选取58例,男38例,女20例;年龄19～ 54岁,平均(42.7±8.9)岁,按Schatzker分型:Ⅳ型17例,Ⅴ型31例,Ⅵ10例,其中外支架组31例,钢板内固定组27例,术后随访6～17个月,平均14.1个月.[结果]有限内固定结合外支架固定组平均手术时间(57.4±12.1)min,平均术中出血量(161.3±17.0) ml,平均骨折愈合时间为(12.4±1.5)周,切口感染率为6％,针道感染率为9％,Lysholm评分:优21例,占67％,良8例,占25％,差2例.钢板内固定治疗组平均手术时间(105.4±23.8) min,平均术中出血量(252.4±28.9)ml,平均骨折愈合时间为(15.5±2.5)周,切口感染率为4％,Lyshol评分:优16例,占60％,良10例,占37％,差1例.手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间,评分组间比较有显著差异(P＜0.05),切口感染率、Lysholm评分组间无显著差异(P＞0.05).[结论]两种方法治疗胫骨平台骨折,功能恢复佳,疗效满意,外固定架是目前治疗胫骨平台开放性骨折较为理想的治疗方式,尤其适用于胫骨平台骨折合并有严重的软组织损伤与缺损患者.     

外固定支架结合内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折

目的探讨外固定支架结合内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床疗效。方法采用外固定支架结合内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折57例。结果57例均获随访,时间5～24（8.6&#177;2.7）个月,骨折均临床愈合。疗效按Dienst功能评估标准评定：优21例,良29例,可7例,优良率87.7%。结论外固定支架结合内固定治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折,能达到骨折端解剖复位、坚强固定、并发症少、术后即刻恢复部分日常生活和工作,疗效满意。     

外固定架结合有限内固定加植骨治疗Pilon骨折

1995年5月～2006年11月,我科应用外固定架结合内固定加植骨治疗Pilon骨折14例,取得满意效果. 1 材料与方法 1.1 病例资料本组14例,男11例,女3例,年龄18～51岁.     

有限内固定加外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折

目的探讨有限内固定加外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的临床疗效。方法采用有限内固定加外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折45例。结果 42例患者获得随访,时间3～36个月。按Lidstrom评分系统行影像学评价:优30例,良7例,中5例,优良率为88.09%;依据Dienst标准评价腕关节功能:优30例,良8例,中4例,优良率为90.47%。无严重并发症发生。结论有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折,复位满意,操作简单,固定牢固,疗效满意。     

内外固定结合治疗膝关节周围骨折

目的: 探讨超关节外固定结合有限内固定在治疗膝关节周围骨折中的临床疗效和应用价值。方法: 通过对 36例膝关节周围骨折采用内固定与外固定架超关节固定治疗的疗效进行分析。结果: 全部病例获随访 8~36个月, 平均随访 24个月。关节骨折愈合优良率 92% (33 /36), 关节功能优良率 89% (32 /36)。结论: 超关节外固定结合有限内固定是治疗膝关节周围骨折的较为理想的方法。     

后内侧入路内固定术治疗踝部骨折

2007年4月～2010年4月,我们采用经后内侧入路螺钉内固定治疗32例后踝骨折伴有内踝骨折患者,疗效满意,报道如下。1材料与方法1.1病例资料本组32例,男22例,女10例,年龄19～61岁。左侧14例,     

Botulinum toxin type A for lower limb lengthening and deformity correction: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundBotulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) is the most popular therapeutic agent for muscle relaxation and pain control. Lately, BTX-A injection received great interest as a part of multimodal pain management for lower limb lengthening and deformity correction. This systematic review aimed to determine the role of BTX-A injection in pain management for during lower limb lengthening and/or deformity correction.MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the BTX-A injection to placebo for individuals undergoing lower limb lengthening and/or deformity correction. We sought to evaluate the following outcomes: pain on visual analogue scale (VAS), range of motion parameters, average opioid consumption, and adverse events. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to represent continuous outcomes while risk ratio (RR) was used to represent dichotomous outcomes.ResultsA total of 4 RCTs that enrolled 257 participants (337 limbs) deemed eligible. Adjuvant BTX-A injection showed a significant reduction in post-operative pain compared to placebo (SMD = −0.28, 95% CI –0.53 to −0.04). No difference was found between BTX-A injection and placebo in terms of range of motion parameters, average opioid consumption, or adverse events after surgical limb lengthening and/or deformity correction (RR = 0.77, 95% CI –0.58 to 1.03).ConclusionsAdjuvant BTX-A injection conferred a discernible reduction in post-operative pain during surgical limb lengthening and/or deformity without increasing the risk of adverse events.Prospero registration numberCRD42021271580.     

内固定结合外固定治疗严重下颈椎屈曲扭伤

目的探讨内固定结合外固定治疗严重下颈椎屈曲扭伤的效果。方法9例严重下颈椎屈曲扭伤患者采用前路椎间盘摘除、开放复位、植骨融合、锁定钢板内固定治疗。术后颈支具外固定3个月。结果9例均获随访,时间6~36个月,所有植骨间隙均融合,椎间隙及曲度保持正常。结论前路椎间盘切除,开放复位可降低脊髓损伤风险。内固定结合外固定促进植骨融合,重建颈椎稳定性,是治疗严重下颈椎屈曲扭伤的可靠方法。     

有限内固定结合踝关节外固定架治疗复杂开放性踝关节骨折46例

目的探讨有限内固定结合踝关节外固定架治疗复杂开放性踝关节骨折的手术方法及临床疗效。方法采用后外侧入路有限内固定结合踝关节外固定架手术治疗的复杂开放性踝关节骨折患者46例,其中男25例,女21例;年龄15~72岁,平均年龄39.3岁,并对其疗效进行分析。结果 46例患者均获完整随访,时间3~21个月。根据美国足与踝关节协会(AOFAS)评分:优24例,良18例,可4例,优良率为91.3%。结论对于复杂开放性踝关节骨折,采用后外侧入路有限内固定结合踝关节外固定架治疗,既可以保证踝关节获得较为满意的复位,又可以最大限度地避免内固定感染的发生。     

有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗Pilon骨折

目的　探讨有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗胫骨Pilon骨折的临床疗效。方法　采用有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗Pilon骨折 14例。根据Ruedi Allgower骨折分型:Ⅰ型 3例,Ⅱ型 5例,Ⅲ型 6例。按Teeny踝关节功能评分标准进行疗效评价。结果　全部病例获得随访,随访时间 6个月 ~5年,平均 4 1年;骨折愈合时间 6~24周(平均 10 5周)。踝关节功能评分,优 9例、良 2例、可 2例、差 1例。结论　采用有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗Pilon骨折,能减少并发症并获得较好疗效。     

Accuracy of complex lower-limb deformity correction with external fixation: a comparison of the Taylor Spatial Frame with the Ilizarov ring fixator

Purpose Circular external fixators have several advantages over other surgical options in the treatment of limb length discrepancy and axial deformity. The innovative Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF) combines a rigid hexapod fixation system with the support of a web-based software program, and thus offers the possibility of simultaneous corrections of multidirectional deformities. Whilst there is still some scepticism of many Ilizarov device users about the advantages of the TSF, the purpose of the study was to perform a comparison between the TSF and the Ilizarov ring fixator (IRF) with regard to the accuracy of deformity correction in the lower limb. Methods Two hundred and eight consecutive deformity corrections in 155 patients were retrospectively evaluated. There were 79 cases treated with the IRF and 129 cases treated with the TSF. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 13.2 years (range; 2–49 years). Standing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were evaluated preoperatively and immediately after removal of the frames. The final result was compared to the preoperatively defined aim of the deformity correction. According to the treated count of dimensions, we differentiated four types of deformity corrections. The results were graded into four groups based on the persisting axial deviation after removal of the frame. Results The aim of the deformity correction was achieved in a total of 90.7% in the TSF group, compared to 55.7% in the IRF group. On the basis of the count of dimensions, the TSF achieved obviously higher percentages of excellent results (one dimension: TSF 100%; IRF 79.3%; two dimensions: TSF 91.8%; IRF 48.6%; three dimensions: TSF 91.1%; IRF 28.6%; four dimensions: TSF 66.7%; IRF 0%). In addition, the degree of the persisting deformity increased with the number of planes of the deformity correction. Conclusions The TSF allowed for much higher precision in deformity correction compared to the IRF. In two-, three- and four-dimensional deformity corrections in particular, the TSF showed clear advantages. This may derive from the TSF-specific combination of a hexapod fixator with the support of an Internet-based software program, enabling precise simultaneous multiplanar deformity corrections.     

Corrective lower limb osteotomies in children using temporary external fixation and percutaneous locking plates

Background  We describe a new method for corrective osteotomy and the fixation of lower limb deformities in children. Methods  Following osteotomy, the desired position is obtained and temporarily stabilized using an external fixator. Definitive fixation is performed with a plate and locking screws inserted percutaneously under fluoroscopic guidance. The procedure was performed in 18 segments in 11 patients. Corrections were performed in all planes. Results  The mean follow up was 18 months (range 6–36 months). All patients were corrected to within 2° of that which was planned. Union was obtained in 16 segments in ten patients within 6–16 weeks. Conclusions  The method was found to be effective for the correction of deformity in the pediatric population. Advantages compared to conventional methods include minimal soft tissue dissection and the ability to adjust the position before definitive fixation. Level of evidence: Level IV. Retrospective case series.     

Correction of complex equino cavo varus foot deformity in skeletally mature patients by Ilizarov external fixation versus staged external–internal fixation

Background

Complex foot deformity is a multi-planar foot deformity with many etiologic factors. Different corrective procedures using Ilizarov external fixation have been described which include, soft tissue release, V-osteotomy, multiple osteotomies and triple fusion.

Methods

In this study we compare the results of two groups of skeletally mature patients with complex foot deformity who were treated by two different protocols. The first group (27 patients, 29 feet) was treated by triple fusion fixed by Ilizarov external fixator until union. The second group (29 patients, 30 feet), was treated by triple fusion with initial fixation by Ilizarov external fixation until correction of the deformity was achieved clinically, and then the Ilizarov fixation was replaced by internal fixation using percutaneous screws. Both groups were compared as regard the surgical outcome and the incidence of complications.

Results

There was statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding duration of external fixation and duration of casting with shorter duration in the group 2. Also there was statistically significant difference between both groups regarding pin tract infection with less incidence in group 2.

Conclusion

Early removal of Ilizarov external fixation after correction of the deformity and percutaneous internal fixation using 6.5 cannulated screws can shorten the duration of treatment and be more comfortable for the patient with a low risk of recurrence or infection     

Auto Strut: a novel smart robotic system for external fixation device for bone deformity correction,a preliminary experience

PurposeSeveral hexapod external fixators are used in the treatment of bone fracture and deformity corrections. One characteristic of all of them is the requirement for manual adjustment of the fixator struts. The purpose of this study was to introduce a novel robotic system that executes automatic adjustment of the struts.MethodsTen patients were treated for various bone deformities using a hexapod external fixator with the Auto Strut system. This new system automatically adjusts the fixator struts according to a hexapod computer-assisted correction plan. During each visit, the progress of the correction was assessed (clinically and radiographically) and reading of the strut scale numbers was performed and compared with the original treatment plan.ResultsAll patients completed treatment during the follow-up period, achieving all planned correction goals, except from one patient who switched to manual struts due to personal preference. The device alarm system was activated once with no device-related adverse events. Duration of distraction ranged between ten and 90 days with a distraction index ranging between eight and 15 days/cm. Regenerate consolidation time between one and seven months. In total, 48 struts of eight patients were recorded and analyzed. In all, 94% of the final strut number readings presented a discrepancy of 0 mm to 1 mm between planned and actual readings, indicating high precision of the automatic adjustment.ConclusionThis study presents preliminary results, showing that Auto Strut can successfully replace the manual strut adjustment providing important advantages that benefit the patient, the caregiver and the surgeon.Level of EvidenceLevel II     

有限切开克氏针有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎骨折

目的探讨有限切开克氏针有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎骨折的疗效。方法采用有限切开克氏针有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎骨折19例。结果 19例均获随访,时间5~20个月。骨折均获得愈合。影像学评估采用Stewart改良的Sarmiento评分系统：优10例,良8例,可1例。腕关节功能评估采用Gartland与Werley标准：优12例,良5例,可2例。结论有限切开克氏针有限内固定结合外固定支架治疗桡骨远端粉碎骨折,能有效恢复桡骨远端骨性结构的解剖并维持骨折稳定,创伤较小,利于腕关节功能的恢复,临床疗效满意。     

切开复位内固定和闭合复位外固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的系统评价

[目的]系统评价切开复位内固定和闭合复位外固定治疗桡骨远端骨折的疗效.[方法]按Cochrane系统评价方法,计算机检索Cochrane图书馆;Cochrane协作网创伤数据库(2009);MEDLINE(1966～2009);EMbase(1966～2009);中国生物医学文献数据库(1979～2009);PUBMED;万方数据库和维普数据库;手工检索中义骨科期刊的相关文献.收集切开复位内固定和闭合复位外固定比较治疗桡骨远端骨折的随机和半随机对照试验,并评价纳入研究的方法学质量.统计软件采用Cochrane协作网提供的RevMan 4.2.8.[结果]纳入切开复位内固定和闭合复位外固定比较治疗桡骨远端骨折的对照试验6篇,其中4篇为随机对照试验.共380例患者.Meta分析显示:(1)ORIF和CREF组治疗桡骨远端骨折总的并发症发生率方面ORIF 组优于CREF组[[RR 0.37,95%CI(0.15,0.88),P=0.03];(2)ORIF组治疗后针道感染率显著低于CREF组,[RR 0.13,95%CI(0.03,0.46),P=0.002],而畸形愈合率方面两种方法治疗后结果差别无统计学意义[RR 0.17,95%CI(0.03,1.04),P=0.05];(3)功能:旋前旋后以及臂肩于功能失用评分(DASH score)方面ORIF优于CREF组,[WMD8.85,95%CI(6.24,11.45)和[WMD-8.67,95%CI(-12.88,-4.46)];握力方面两种方法治疗后关别无统计学意义.[结论]现有的临床资料显示,切开复位内固定(ORIF)治疗桡骨远端骨折的总的并发症率,针道感染率显苫低于CREF组;治疗后的旋前旋后功能和DASH score方面ORIF均优于CREF组;仵畸形愈合率和握力方面二者差别无统计学意义.综合治疗后并发症的发生率和功能恢复等方面考虑,切开复位内因定(ORIF)是治疗桡骨远端骨折的一种更好的选择.但冈研究质量和研究样本的局限性,上述结论有待设计严谨的大样本随机对照试验加以验证.     

有限内固定结合单臂外固定架治疗胫骨开放性骨折

胫骨开放性骨折常伴有严重的软组织损伤和污染,骨折移位明显,易发生感染、钢板外露和骨不连等,处理相当棘手.2003年1月～2008年12月,我科应用有限内固定结合单臂外固定架治疗胫骨开放性骨折25例,疗效满意.