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1.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of treadmill training
with a horizontal impeding force applied to the center of upper body mass on the gait and
balance of post-stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four subjects with
hemiplegia less than 3 months after stroke onset were randomly assigned to 2 groups: an
applied horizontal impeding force on treadmill training (experimental) group (n = 12), and
a control group (n = 12). Both groups walked on a treadmill at a comfortable or moderate
speed for 20 minutes per day, 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks after a pre-test. The
experimental group also had a horizontal impeding force applied to the center of their
upper body mass. [Results] All groups demonstrated significant improvement after 8 weeks
compared to baseline measurements. In intra-group comparisons, the subjects’ gait ability
(CGS, MGS, cadence, and step length) and balance ability (TUG, BBS, and FRT) significantly
improved. In inter-group comparisons, the experimental group’s improvement was
significantly better in CGS MGS, cadence, step length, TUG, and BBS, but not in FRT.
[Conclusion] Treadmill training was identified as an effective training method that
improved gait and balance ability. A horizontal impeding force applied during treadmill
training was more effective than treadmill walking training alone at improving the gait
and dynamic balance of patients with stroke.Key words: Treadmill gait, Horizontal impeding force, Upper body 相似文献
2.
[Purpose] This study aimed to elucidate the effects of a novel walking training program
with postural correction and visual feedback on walking function in patients with
post-stroke hemiparesis. [Subjects] Sixteen subjects were randomly allocated to either the
experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG), with eight subjects in each. [Methods]
EG and CG subjects performed a 30-min treadmill walking training exercise twice daily for
2 weeks. EG subjects also underwent postural correction using elastic bands and received
visual feedback during walking. The 10-m walk test was performed, and gait parameters were
measured using a gait analysis system. [Results] All parameters showed significant main
effects for the group factor and time-by-group interactions. Significant main effects for
the time factor were found in the stride length and stance phase ratios. [Conclusion] The
novel walking training program with postural correction and visual feedback may improve
walking function in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis.Key words: Postural correction, Stroke, Walking function 相似文献
3.
[Purpose] This study investigated the influence of exercise on balance ability and gait
function in stroke patients after applying non-elastic tape, which can stabilize muscles
and joints, to the lower extremities of the affected side. [Subjects and Methods] The
subjects were 30 patients diagnosed with stroke. They were divided into an experimental
group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). The experimental group performed mat and
treadmill exercises three times a week for six weeks with non-elastic tape applied to the
lower extremities of the affected side. The control group performed the same exercises but
without taping. [Results] The intervention significantly improved Berg balance scale
scores and timed up and go (TUG) test scores as well as reduced stance duration and stride
duration in the experimental group. In the control group, statistically significant
improvements were observed in TUG test scores. [Conclusion] Although some differences did
not reach the level of statistical significance, the application of non-elastic tape
stabilized the joints of the lower extremities, thereby increasing balance and reducing
stance duration and one step duration, which resulted in a reduction of overall gait
duration.Key words: Stroke, Non-elastic taping, Balance 相似文献
4.
[Purpose] This study was conducted to find out the effect of arm swing during treadmill
training on the gait of stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] This study subjects were
20 stroke subjects patients who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group
(EG) or the control group (CG), 10 subjects in each group. Therapists induced arm swing of
affected side of EG subjects using Nordic poles, while subjects in CG had the affected arm
restricted to prevent arm swing. Training was performed for 30 minutes, 3 times a week for
4 weeks. The timed up and go test (TUG), the dynamic gait index (DGI) and the 6-minute
walk test (6MWT) were assessed before and after the training. [Results] After the
training, there were no significant differences in the TUG times of EG and CG. There were
significant differences in the DGI and the 6-minute walking distance of EG, but not of CG.
There were also significant differences in the improvements of the DGI and the 6-minute
walking distance between the groups. [Conclusion] Arm swing training had a positive effect
on patients’ gait ability. Further studies are required to generalize the results of this
study.Key words: Arm swing, Gait, Stroke 相似文献
5.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of treadmill walking with
the eyes closed and open on the gait and balance abilities of chronic stroke patients.
[Subjects and Methods] Thirty patients with chronic stroke participated in this study. The
treadmill gait training for each group lasted 40 minutes, and sessions were held 3 times a
week for 4 weeks. Gait ability was measured using a Biodex Gait Trainer Treadmill System.
Balance ability was measured using a Biodex Balance System. [Results] After the treadmill
training‚ the treadmill training with eyes closed (TEC) group showed significant
improvements in walking distance‚ step length‚ coefficient of variation‚ and limit of
stability (overall‚ lateral affected‚ forward lateral unaffected) compared to the
treadmill training with eyes open (TEO) group. [Conclusion] The walking and balance
abilities of the TEC participants showed more improvement after the treadmill walking
sessions than those of the TEO participants. Therefore‚ treadmill walking with visual
deprivation may be useful for the rehabilitation of patients with chronic stroke.Key words: Stroke, Treadmill training, Visual blocking 相似文献
6.
[Purpose] This study examined the effects of ramp gait training using lower extremity
patterns of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on chronic stroke patients’
dynamic balance ability. [Subjects and Methods] In total, 30 stroke patients participated
in this study, and they were assigned randomly and equally to an experimental group and a
control group. The experimental group received exercise treatment for 30 min and ramp gait
training with PNF for 30 min. The control group received exercise treatment for 30 min and
ground gait training for 30 min. The interventions were conducted in 30 min sessions,
three times per week for four week. The subjects were assessed with the Berg balance scale
test, timed up and go test, and functional reach test before and after the experiment and
the results were compared. [Results] After the intervention, the BBS and FRT values had
significantly increased and the TUG value had significantly decreased in the experimental
group; however, the BBS, FRT, and TUG values showed no significant differences in the
control group. In addition, differences between the two groups before the intervention and
after the intervention were not significant. [Conclusion] In conclusion, ramp gait
training with PNF improved stroke patients’ dynamic balance ability, and a good outcome of
ramp gait training with PNF is also expected for other neurological system disease
patients.Key words: Stroke, Proprioception, Ramp gait 相似文献
7.
目的:观察不同步行训练方法对脑卒中患者步行能力的疗效。方法:脑卒中患者60例,随机分为传统步行训练组(CGT组)、减重步行训练组(BWSTT组)和减重步行机器人训练组(GRT组)各20例。3组均行常规康复训练并行相应的步行训练。训练前后分别应用Berg平衡量表(BBS)、10米步行能力测试(10mWT)、足印法步态分析(GAF)、3min步行测试(3minWT)评估患者平衡及步行能力。结果:治疗8周后,3组BBS评分、步速、步长比均较治疗前明显提高,生理消耗指数(PCI)评分均较治疗前明显降低(均P〈0.05);GRT组和BWSTT组的步速、步长比、PCI评分均明显优于CGT组(均P〈0.05)。治疗期间,GRT组所需的人工总量明显低于BWSTT组和CGT组(均P〈0.05)。结论:减重机器人步行训练能提高脑卒中患者的平衡和步行能力,并且节省人工。 相似文献
8.
Myoung-Kwon Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(12):3767-3769
[Purpose] This study was conducted to determine the difference in foot pressures between
flat and normal feet at different gait speeds on an ascending slope. [Subjects] This study
enrolled 30 adults with normal (n=15) and flat feet (n=15), with ages from 21 to 30 years
old, who had no history of neurological disorders or gait problems. A treadmill was used
for the analysis of kinematic features during gait, using a slope of 10%, and gait
velocities of slow, normal, and fast. [Methods] A foot pressure analyzer was used to
measure changes in foot pressure. [Results] Compared to the normal subjects, the foot
pressure of the flatfoot subjects showed a significant increase in the 2–3rd metatarsal
region with increasing gait speed, whereas there were significant decreases in the 1st toe
and 1st metatarsal regions with increasing gait speed. [Conclusion] The body weight of
adults with flatfoot was concentrated on the 2–3rd metatarsal region during the stance
phase and increased with walking speed on the ascending slope due to weakening of function
of the medial longitudinal arch.Key words: Flatfoot, Foot pressure, Ascending slope 相似文献
9.
Optimal outcomes obtained with body-weight support combined with treadmill training in stroke subjects 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
OBJECTIVES: To identify stroke patients who are most likely to benefit from locomotor training with body-weight support (BWS), to determine the extent of carryover from treadmill training to overground locomotion, and to determine the variables that are most likely to influence the recovery of locomotion. DESIGN: A randomized clinical trial. SETTING: Inpatient rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Of 100 stroke subjects, 50 were randomized to receive locomotor training with BWS (BWS group), and 50 were randomized to receive locomotor training with full weight bearing (no-BWS group). The subjects were stratified according to their initial overground walking speed and endurance, initial treadmill speed and endurance, functional balance, motor recovery, side of the lesion, and age. INTERVENTION: Fifty subjects were trained to walk on a treadmill with up to 40% of their body weight supported by a BWS system with an overhead harness (BWS group), and 50 subjects were trained to walk while bearing their full weight (no-BWS group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical outcome measures included overground walking speed and endurance, functional balance, and motor recovery. The effect of confounding variables such as age, comorbidity, and depression on locomotor outcome was also investigated. RESULTS: After 6 weeks of locomotor training, the BWS group scored significantly higher in all clinical outcomes. When the subjects were stratified according to their initial overground walking speed, endurance, balance, and motor recovery, a significant statistical difference in gait and balance dysfunction of all outcomes occurred in the more severely impaired subjects. An important transfer from treadmill speed to overground walking speed was observed in subjects in the BWS group. Finally, a significantly greater effect was observed in older subjects (65-85y) in the BWS group. CONCLUSIONS: Retraining gait in severely impaired stroke subjects with a percentage of their body weight supported resulted in better walking and postural abilities than did gait training in patients bearing their full weight. It appears that subjects with greater gait impairments benefited the most from training with BWS, as did the older patients with stroke. There is evidence of transfer from treadmill training to overground locomotion. 相似文献
10.
《Physiotherapy theory and practice》2013,29(7):447-458
The purpose of this study is to describe the effects of trunk stabilization training and locomotor training (LT) using body-weight support on a treadmill (BWST) and overground walking on balance, gait, self-reported function, and trunk muscle performance in an adult with severe ataxia secondary to brain injury. There are no studies on the effectiveness of these combined interventions in persons with ataxia. The subject was a 23-year-old male who had a traumatic brain injury 13 months prior. An A-B-A withdrawal single-system design was used. Outcome measures were Berg Balance Test (BBT), timed unsupported stance, Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), 10-meter walk test (10-MWT), Outpatient Physical Therapy Improvement in Movement Assessment Log (OPTIMAL), transverse abdominis (TrA) thickness, and isometric trunk endurance tests. Performance on the BBT, timed unsupported stance, FAC, 10-MWT, and OPTIMAL each improved after 10 weeks of intervention. In additions, TrA symmetry at rest improved as did right side-bridge endurance time. LT, using BWST and overground walking, and trunk stabilization training may be effective in improving balance, gait, function, and trunk performance in individuals with severe ataxia. Further research with additional subjects is indicated. 相似文献
11.
Young-ki Cho Si-hyun Kim In-cheol Jeon Sun-hee Ahn Oh-yun Kwon 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(4):1257-1260
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the kinematics of the ankle in the
lunge to estabilish effectiveness of an ankle stretching orthosis (ASO) on the ankle
dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) of individuals with limited dorsiflexion ROM. [Subjects
and Methods] Forty ankles with decreased dorsiflexion ROM of 20 participants were
evaluated in this study. After wearing the ASO, participants walked on a treadmill for 15
minutes. Participants walked on the treadmill at a self-selected comfortable speed. Ankle
dorsiflexion ROM, maximum dorsiflexion ROM before heel-off, and time to heel-off during
the stance phase of gait were measured before and after 15 minutes of treadmill walking
with the ASO. The differences in all variables between before and after treadmill walking
with ASO were analyzed using the paired t-test. [Results] Ankle active and passive ROM,
and dorsiflexion ROM during lunge increased significantly after treadmill walking with
ASO. Treadmill walking with the ASO significantly increased the angle of maximal
dorsiflexion before heel-off and time to heel-off during the stance phase. [Conclusion]
The results of this study show that treadmill walking with the ASO effectively improved
ankle flexibility and restored the normal gait pattern of the ankle joint by increasing
dorsiflexion ROM, maximal angle of dorsiflexion, and time to heel-off in the stance
phase. 相似文献
12.
YoungJun Ko HyunGeun Ha Young-Hyeon Bae WanHee Lee 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(5):1593-1596
[Purpose] The purpose of the study was to determine the effects of balance training with
Space Balance 3D, which is a computerized measurement and visual feedback balance
assessment system, on balance and mobility in acute stroke patients. [Subjects and
Methods] This was a randomized controlled trial in which 52 subjects were assigned
randomly into either an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group,
which contained 26 subjects, received balance training with a Space Balance 3D exercise
program and conventional physical therapy interventions 5 times per week during 3 weeks.
Outcome measures were examined before and after the 3-week interventions using the Berg
Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke
Patients (PASS). The data were analyzed by a two-way repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS
19.0. [Results] The results revealed a nonsignificant interaction effect between group and
time period for both groups before and after the interventions in the BBS score, TUG
score, and PASS score. In addition, the experimental group showed more improvement than
the control group in the BBS, TUG and PASS scores, but the differences were not
significant. In the comparisons within the groups by time, both groups showed significant
improvement in BBS, TUG, and PASS scores. [Conclusion] The Space Balance 3D training with
conventional physical therapy intervention is recommended for improvement of balance and
mobility in acute stroke patients.Key words: Balance training, Visual feedback, Acute stroke patients 相似文献
13.
Kyung Woo Kang Na Kyung Lee Sung Min Son Jung Won Kwon Kyoung Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(3):833-835
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate how the use of handrails during
treadmill walking affects the gait parameters of stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods]
The participants, 30 hemiplegic stroke patients, were randomly allocated to one of three
groups: the NHG group (No Handrail group, n=10), the FHG group (Front handrail group,
n=10), and BHG group (Bilateral Handrail group, n=10). All the subjects’ performed
treadmill walking for 30 min, five days a week, for a period of eight weeks. Gait
parameters were evaluated using the RS-scan system. [Results] A statistically significant
difference in the HM (heel-medial) area of plantar foot pressure was observed between BHG
and NHG. Statistically significant difference in the HL (heel-lateral) area of plantar
foot pressure was observed between BHG and NHG, and between FHG and NHG. A statistically
significant difference in contact area of the rear foot was observed between BHG and NHG.
[Conclusion] The results of this study show that holding handrails during treadmill
training may enhance the improvement in the quality of patients’ gait (plantar foot
pressure, contact area of foot).Key words: Treadmill training, Handrails, Stroke 相似文献
14.
Hyunseung Kim Wonjae Choi Kyeongjin Lee Changho Song 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(12):3693-3697
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to examine the effects of virtual dual-task treadmill
training using a real-world video recording of the gait of individuals with chronic
stroke. [Subjects] Forty chronic stroke survivors were randomly divided into two groups of
20 subjects each. [Methods] The experimental group performed virtual dual-task treadmill
training using a video recording for 30 minutes per session, three times a week for 4
weeks, whereas the control group performed only treadmill training for 30 minutes per
session, three times a week for 4 weeks. A video recording was performed in a large
supermarket, and the subjects could walk at their favorable speed on a treadmill. The
temporospatial gait variables were measured to examine the training effect. [Results] The
experimental and control groups showed statistically significant improvements in the gait
variables after training. The enhancement of gait ability was statistically better in the
experimental group than in the control group. [Conclusion] Our findings suggest that
virtual dual-task treadmill training using a video recording can improve the gait
parameters of chronic stroke survivors.Key words: Stroke, Gait, Video recording 相似文献
15.
Kyong-Il Ki Mi-Sun Kim Young Moon Jong-Duk Choi 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(4):1267-1269
[Purpose] This study examined the effects of auditory feedback during gait on the weight
bearing of patients with hemiplegia resulting from a stroke. [Subjects] Thirty hemiplegic
patients participated in this experiment and they were randomly allocated to an
experimental group and a control group. [Methods] Both groups received neuro-developmental
treatment for four weeks and the experimental group additionally received auditory
feedback during gait training. In order to examine auditory feedback effects on weight
bearing during gait, a motion analysis system GAITRite was used to measure the duration of
the stance phase and single limb stance phase of the subjects. [Results] The experimental
group showed statistically significant improvements in the duration of the stance phase
and single limb stance phase of the paretic side and the results of the Timed Up and Go
Test after the training. [Conclusion] Auditory feedback during gait training significantly
improved the duration of the stance phase and single limb stance phase of hemiplegic
stroke patients.Key words: Auditory feedback, Gait, Hemiplegic patients 相似文献
16.
[Purpose] A stationary bicycle exercise and a treadmill exercise were conducted in order
to determine the effect of these exercises on the balance and walking ability of elderly
women. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-four elderly women aged 65 or older were equally
assigned to a stationary bicycle exercise group and a treadmill exercise group, and they
performed exercise three times per week for 8 weeks for 20 minutes each time. In order to
examine gait, step length and time were measured as parameters of walking ability, and in
order to examine dynamic balance, subjects were evaluated with the Berg balance scale
(BBS). [Results] After the intervention, step time and step length and BBS significantly
increased significantly decreased, in both groups. A comparison of BBS after the
intervention between the two groups revealed that the stationary bicycle group showed
larger increases than the treadmill group. [Conclusion] The stationary bicycle exercise
group and treadmill exercise group showed significant improvements in gait and balance.
Stationary bicycle exercise can help to prevent falls by improving the balance of elderly
persons.Key words: Stationary bicycle exercise, Treadmill exercise, Elderly females 相似文献
17.
KyoChul Seo Seung Hwan Park KwangYong Park 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(5):1459-1462
[Purpose] This study aims to examine stroke patients’ changes in dynamic balance ability
through stair gait training where in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) was
applied. [Subjects and Methods] In total 30 stroke patients participated in this
experiment and were randomly and equally allocated to an experimental group and a control
group. The experimental group received exercise treatment for 30 min and stair gait
training where in PNF was applied for 30 min and the control group received exercise
treatment for 30 min and ground gait training where in PNF was applied for 30 min. For the
four weeks of the experiment, each group received training three times per week, for
30 min each time. Berg Balance Scale (BBS) values were measured and a time up and go (TUG)
test and a functional reach test (FRT) were performed for a comparison before and after
the experiment. [Results] According to the result of the stroke patients’ balance
performance through stair gait training, the BBS and FRT results significantly increased
and the TUG test result significantly decreased in the experimental group. On the
contrary, BBS and FRT results did not significantly increase and the TUG test result did
not significantly decrease in the control group. According to the result of comparing
differences between before and after training in each group, there was a significant
change in the BBS result of the experimental group only. [Conclusions] In conclusion, the
gait training group to which PNF was applied saw improvements in their balance ability,
and a good result is expected when neurological disease patients receive stair gait
training applying PNF.Key words: Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation, Stroke, Balance ability 相似文献
18.
Treadmill walking with partial body weight support versus floor walking in hemiparetic subjects 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
OBJECTIVE: To compare the gait of hemiparetic subjects walking on a treadmill with various body weight supports and walking on the floor. DESIGN: Hemiparetic subjects walked on a treadmill, secured in a harness, with no body weight support and with 15% and 30% body weight relief, and walked on a floor. SETTING: Kinematic laboratory of a department of rehabilitation. SUBJECTS: Eighteen hemiparetic stroke patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Gait cycle parameters and kinesiologic electromyogram of six muscles of the affected side and of two muscles of the nonaffected side. RESULTS: On the treadmill, patients walked more slowly because of a reduced cadence, with a longer single stance period of the paretic limb, more symmetrically, and with a larger hip extension (multivariate profile analysis, p<.05). The mean functional activities of the gastrocnemius muscle and of the first crest of the erector spinae of the paretic side were smaller on the treadmill (univariate test, p<.05). Further, the premature activity of the gastrocnemius muscle, indicating spasticity, was less on the treadmill (univariate test, p<.05); correspondingly the qualitative muscle pattern analysis revealed less co-contraction between the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles in 11 of the 18 subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Treadmill training with partial body weight support in hemiparetic subjects allows them to practice a favorable gait characterized by a greater stimulus for balance training because of the prolonged single stance period of the affected limb, a higher symmetry, less plantar flexor spasticity, and a more regular activation pattern of the shank muscles as compared with floor walking. 相似文献
19.
Young-hyeon Bae Young Jun Ko Won Hyuk Chang Ju Hyeok Lee Kyeong Bong Lee Yoo Jung Park Hyun Geun Ha Yun-Hee Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2014,26(12):1949-1953
[Purpose] The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of
robot-assisted gait training combined with functional electrical stimulation on locomotor
recovery in patients with chronic stroke. [Subjects] The 20 subjects were randomly
assigned into either an experimental group (n = 10) that received a combination of
robot-assisted gait training and functional electrical stimulation on the ankle
dorsiflexor of the affected side or a control group (n = 10) that received robot-assisted
gait training only. [Methods] Both groups received the respective therapies for
30 min/day, 3 days/week for 5 weeks. The outcome was measured using the Modified Motor
Assessment Scale (MMAS), Timed Up-and-Go Test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and gait
parameters through gait analysis (Vicon 370 motion analysis system, Oxford Metrics Ltd.,
Oxford, UK). All the variables were measured before and after training. [Results] Step
length and maximal knee extension were significantly greater than those before training in
the experimental group only. Maximal Knee flexion showed a significant difference between
the experimental and control groups. The MMAS, BBS, and TUG scores improved significantly
after training compared with before training in both groups. [Conclusion] We suggest that
the combination of robot-assisted gait training and functional electrical stimulation
encourages patients to actively participate in training because it facilitates locomotor
recovery without the risk of adverse effects.Key words: Robot-assisted gait training, Functional electrical stimulation, Chronic stroke 相似文献
20.
Dong-geol Lee Seong-kwan Jeong Young-dong Kim 《Journal of Physical Therapy Science》2015,27(9):2871-2873
[Purpose] This study investigated the effects of underwater treadmill walking training on
the peak torque of the knee in hemiplegic patients. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty-two
subjects, who were randomly allocated to an experimental group (n=16) and
a control group (n=16), performed underwater treadmill walking training
and overground treadmill walking training, respectively, for 30 minutes/session, 3
sessions/week, for 6 weeks. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to assess the peak torque.
[Results] The subjects in the experimental group showed an increase in the peak knee
extension torque compared to the control group. [Conclusion] The results suggested that
underwater treadmill walking training has a greater effect on peak knee extension torque
at velocities of 60°/sec and 120°/sec than overground treadmill walking training.Key words: Knee joint, Stroke, Underwater treadmill 相似文献