分泌抗鼠疫耶尔森菌F1抗原单克隆抗体杂交瘤株的建立

目的应用杂交瘤技术,制备分泌抗鼠疫F1抗原单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。方法用鼠疫菌F1抗原免疫雌性BALB/c小鼠,检测小鼠血清中的F1抗体,选抗体滴度最高的小鼠用于细胞融合,融合前3天F1抗原经腹腔注射加强免疫1次,然后取其脾脏细胞与处于对数生长期的SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞混合,50%的PEG作为细胞融合剂,HAT培养液选择培养融合后的细胞,间接ELISA法检测细胞培养上清中的F1抗体,阳性杂交瘤细胞用有限稀释法进行克隆及再克隆。结果获得共计100余株分泌F1单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,3株进行了4次克隆化,经8个月保存后抗体分泌稳定。结论应用杂交瘤技术,在云南首次成功制备了3株能稳定分泌抗鼠疫杆菌F1抗原的单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株,建立了杂交瘤技术的实验程序。     

冰箱冰冻62天的杂交瘤细胞复苏成功

在制备单克隆抗体(McAb)的杂交瘤技术中,杂交瘤细胞的常规冰冻保种是在-195.8℃的液氮中保存,而我们偶然将在冰箱冰冻2个月之久的杂交瘤细胞复苏成功,结果报告如下。 1991年9月初我们按常规操作,将生长良好的分泌抗猪囊尾蚴McAb的杂交瘤细胞,用冰冻保护液(90％小牛血清、10％二甲基亚砜)按每毫升10~6个细胞分装,每瓶1ml。本想将其置于-40℃冰箱2h后,转入液氮中保存,但由于疏忽忘将其放入,62d后才发现,出于好奇,随应用新鲜配制的HT培养液,按常规方法将三瓶细胞进行了复苏培养。当时镜下观察细胞不如正     

鼠疫FI单克隆抗体杂交瘤株的建立

先后两次分别用鼠疫EV活菌和FI抗原免疫BALB/C小鼠的脾细胞与SP2/0瘤细胞混合,大容量40％PEG处理后离心法杂交,用IHA和PPA-ELISA检测McAb,建立了21株分泌抗鼠疫FI抗原的McAb的杂交瘤株,初步鉴定了其中5株。观测了1株杂交瘤分泌的McAb用于RIHA的特异性和敏感性。     

抗旋毛虫肌幼虫ES抗原单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

目的制备分泌抗旋毛虫肌幼虫排泄分泌(ES)抗原单克隆抗体(McAb)杂交瘤细胞株,并对其及分泌的McAb进行鉴定。方法用旋毛虫肌幼虫ES抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,筛选分泌特异性、高滴度McAb的杂交瘤细胞株,制备腹水,进行纯化。ELISA间接法、夹心法和竞争法分别测定McAb滴度、相对亲和力和相加效应,琼脂双扩散试验鉴定免疫球蛋白类型,检测McAb与其他寄生虫抗原的交叉反应。电镜观察杂交瘤细胞超微结构,计数染色体数目及观察杂交瘤细胞分泌McAb的稳定性。结果筛选出2株(B2C12和E11F11)分泌抗旋毛虫肌幼虫ES抗原McAb杂交瘤细胞株。电镜显示,杂交瘤细胞具有肿瘤细胞和浆细胞的特征,胞浆内可见大量分泌颗粒;杂交瘤细胞染色体数目平均为98.6条,均能稳定分泌McAb(属IgM)。B2C12株培养上清液和腹水McAb滴度分别为1∶1280和1∶2.048×104,E11F11株为1∶640和1∶1.024×104,其中前者的相对亲和力较后者稍高。2株McAb识别ES抗原不同的抗原决定簇;且不与其他寄生虫抗原发生交叉反应。结论获得2株抗旋毛虫肌幼虫ES抗原杂交瘤细胞株,均能稳定分泌高滴度、特异性的IgM类McAb,并识别不同的抗原决定簇,为研制旋毛虫病诊断试剂盒和制备基因工程抗体奠定了基础。     

乙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸酶H(HBV-RNaseH)蛋白单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的建立及初步鉴定

目的建立能稳定分泌抗乙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸酶H1及H2(HBVRNaseH1及H2)重组蛋白单克隆抗体(McAb),并对其生物学活性进行实验室鉴定。方法用重组HBVRNaseH1及H2蛋白为抗原免疫BALB/c/小鼠,取其脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0进行融合,经有限稀释克隆3次后制备分泌McAb的杂交瘤细胞株,并用酶免疫(EIA)法对其分泌抗体进行初步鉴定。结果融合后的阳性克隆中筛选出4株能稳定分泌McAb的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为H1C6、D3;H2E2、F4。这4株McAb与HBVRNaseH1及H2重组抗原均有良好的反应性,杂交瘤培养上清的EIA抗体滴度为1∶100～1∶200,其中2株诱生的同系小鼠腹水滴度为1∶800,1∶1000。这4株McAb均为IgG1亚型。结论该McAb的制备,可为HBV感染者血清和肝组织中抗原检测方法的建立和生物工程药物的研制创造条件。     

鼠疫单克隆抗体（McAb）某些理化性质的研究

我们曾报道了应用鼠疫F_1抗原免疫BALB/C小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,建立了能分泌抗鼠疫F_1—McAb的杂交瘤细胞株(F_(43)和F_(165))。将此McAb从小鼠腹水和培养上清液中分离纯化,用其进行了鼠疫McAb反向血凝试验,已获得成功。本文是对鼠疫F_1—McAb的某些理化性质进行了研究,现将结果报导如下:     

扶正化瘀胶囊对肝星状细胞激活的干预

目的：观察扶正化瘀胶囊(319方)对肝星状细胞(HSC)激活的抑制作用。方法：①制备319方含药血清，温育原代HSC，并以正常血清为对照，观察HSC的增殖与I型胶原分泌。②用含药血清分别添加于损伤肝枯否细胞与传代HSC中培养，制备含药血清作用过的损伤肝枯否细胞条件培养液与传代HSC条件培养液，并以添加正常血清的条件培养液作为对照，温育HSC，观察HSC的增殖与I型胶原分泌。③测定枯否细胞条件培养液中转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)、表皮生长因子(VEGF)及传代HSC条件培养液中VEGF。结果：①含药血清能明显抑制原代HSC的增殖与I型胶原分泌。②损伤肝枯否细胞与传代HSC可明显促进原代HSC的增殖与I型胶原分泌。含药血清可抑制这一促进作用。③损伤肝枯否细胞FGF-β、PDGF、VEGF与传代HSC中VEGF分泌明显增加，含药血清可抑制损伤枯否氏细胞TGF-β、PDGF及传代HSC中VEGF的分泌。结论：319方不仅可直接抑制HSC的增殖与I型胶原的分泌，并可抑制TGF-β1、PDGF、VEGF等细胞因子，抑制HSC激活的旁分泌与自分泌途径，这一作用可能是该药抗肝纤维化的机制之一。     

不同来源血清和细胞因子对骨髓基质细胞成纤维细胞集落形成的影响

目的观察sD大鼠骨髓基质细胞（BMSC）体外培养的生物学特性并加以鉴定,并探讨不同来源血清和细胞因子对其成纤维系祖细胞（CFU-F）产率的影响。方法取SD大鼠骨髓,进行BMSC原代培养。传代后分别观察其生长特性,绘制贴壁率,测定生长曲线,并应用流式细胞仪鉴定细胞表型;采用体外长期液体培养法观察CFU—F的产率。结果原代培养的BMSCs生长良好,倍增时间约为40小时,传代后12小时贴壁率达85％以上;胎牛血清较脐血清和马血清能促进CFU-F的增值和分化。与未加细胞因子对照组相比,单用细胞因子SCF,SDF-1均可促进CFU—F的增殖,但二者之间差异无显著性（P〉0．05）,同时加入SCF,SDF-1可明显的促进CFU-F的增殖,并优于单用SCF和SDF-1（P〈0．05）。结论体外培养的BMSCs生长稳定,传代后细胞适应性强;胎牛血清中可能较脐血清和马血清存在较多的对CFU—F有促进作用的生长因子;SCF可协同SDF-1促进CFU-F的增殖。     

从表达菌培养液中提取鼠疫菌重组F1抗原

目的从表达鼠疫耶尔森氏菌F1蛋白的诱导培养液中提取纯化重组F1并检测其免疫反应性。方法收集诱导培养后离心去除菌体的培养液,采用硫酸铵沉淀法和PEG浓缩法提取F1蛋白,产物经镍离子金属螯合亲和层析纯化,免疫印迹(Western blot)鉴定其免疫反应性。结果硫酸铵沉淀法和PEG浓缩法均能从培养液中提取到重组F1蛋白,产物经纯化后可与鼠疫疫苗株免疫兔血清和既往鼠疫患者血清发生特异性结合反应。结论该表达菌表达效能较高,在诱导培养液中存在大量具有免疫学活性的重组F1蛋白。     

大鼠骨髓基质细胞培养方法的改良

目的　对体外分离培养大鼠骨髓基质细胞 (BMSC)方法进行改良 ,观察其生物学特点。方法　分离大鼠胫骨、股骨 ,以 IMDM培养基冲洗骨髓 ,与培养液混合后直接接种至培养瓶中 ,接种后 7～ 14 d形成单层贴壁的成纤维状细胞。检测传代细胞接种贴壁率、生长曲线、细胞周期 ,电镜观察细胞超微结构。结果　分离培养的原代 BMSC生长良好 ,倍增时间约为 4 2 h。 BMSC传代后 12 h贴壁率达 80 %以上 ,82 %的细胞处于 G0 、G1 期 ,超微结构呈现较早期细胞特点。结论　改良法培养的 BMSC生长稳定 ,传代细胞适应性强。与传统培养方法比 ,该法操作简单、实用性强 ,可以用于 BMSC的体外实验研究     

Growth of hybridoma cells in serum-free medium: ethanolamine is an essential component.

A serum-free medium supplemented with a few growth factors was devised to grow lymphocyte hybridomas. The medium was developed with the hybridoma line MPC11-BL, a fusion product between a mouse plasmacytoma cell line (MPC11TG70na3) and mouse (BALB/c) spleen cells. In the process of developing the medium, ethanolamine was found to be an essential growth factor for the hybridoma. Phosphoethanolamine at 10-fold higher concentration could substitute for ethanolamine. Long-term cultivation of the cells was achieved in the defined medium supplemented with insulin, transferrin, ethanolamine, and selenium. The defined medium supported the growth of various other mouse hybridoma cell lines, mostly at a rate comparable to that observed in a serum-containing medium. After one-step ammonium sulfate precipitation of the spent medium, more than 95% of the protein recovered was immunoglobulin as shown by NaDodSO4/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.     

Human blood-derived macrophages: differentiation in vitro of a large quantity of cells in serum-free medium.

Large quantities of human blood-derived monocytes have been cultured in suspension in nonadherent cell culture bags and maintained for up to 3 weeks in a serum-free medium. This serum-free medium contained Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium (IMDM) supplemented with human albumin, alpha-phosphatidylcholine, transferrin, and insulin. Morphology, cell surface antigens, and functional properties of these in vitro maturing macrophages were studied in comparison with macrophages cultured in a standard medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. In this report we demonstrate that this serum-free medium allows a better yield of cell survival than the standard medium; it also allows the differentiation of blood monocytes into fully functional macrophagic cells that express the different antigens found in mature macrophages. The results indicate that the use of serum-free defined medium offers good conditions in which to culture large numbers of human monocytes and allows an accurate analysis of the effect of supplementation with growth factors such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) on the differentiation and survival of monocytes and macrophages. Serum-free cultures could also be helpful for the precise analysis of the cell secretion activity and for determining the factors that are responsible for monocyte maturation into macrophages.     

In vitro culture of human osteosarcoma cell lines: a comparison of functional characteristics for cell lines cultured in medium without and with fetal calf serum

Purpose Experimental in vitro models including well-characterised cell lines can be used to identify possible new therapeutic targets for the treatment of osteosarcoma. Culture media including inactivated serum is often recommended for in vitro culture of osteosarcoma cells, but the serum component then represents a nonstandardised parameter including a wide range of unidentified mediators. To improve the standardisation we have investigated whether serum-free culture media can be used in experimental in vitro studies of osteosarcoma cell lines.Methods The seven osteosarcoma cell lines Cal72, SJSA-1, Saos-2, SK-ES-1, U2OS, 143.98.2, and KHOS-32IH were cultured in vitro in various serum-free media and media supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS).Results Although proliferation often was relatively low in serum-free media (X-vivo 10, X-vivo 15, X-vivo 20, Stem Span SFEM), some cell lines (Cal72, KHOS-32IH, Saos-2) showed proliferation comparable with the recommended FCS-containing media even when using serum-free conditions. The optimal serum-free medium then varied between cell lines. We also compared 6 different FCS-containing media (including Stem Span with 10% FCS) and the optimal FCS-containing medium varied between cell lines. However, all cell lines proliferated well in Stem Span with FCS, and this medium was regarded as optimal for four of the lines. FCS could not be replaced by fatty acids or low density lipoprotein when testing the Stem Span medium. The release of a wide range of soluble mediators showed only minor differences when using serum-free and FCS-containing media (including Stem Span with and without FCS), and serum-free Stem Span could also be used for in vitro studies of mitogen-stimulated T cell activation in the presence of accessory osteosarcoma cells. The use of Stem Span with 10% FCS allowed the release of a wide range of chemokines by osteosarcoma cell lines (Cal72, SJSA-1), and the chemokine release profile was very similar to the fibroblast lines Hs27 and HFL1.Conclusions Serum-free culture media can be used for in vitro studies of several osteosarcoma cell lines, but the optimal medium varies between cell lines and thus depends on: (i) the cell lines to be investigated/compared; (ii) the functional characteristic that is evaluated (proliferation, cytokine release); and (iii) whether coculture experiments are included.     

Secretion of 23 kDa and glycosylated prolactin by rat pituitary cell culture in serum-free media: a comparative morphological, cyto- and immunochemical study

The secretion of 23 kDa prolactin by rat pituitary cells has been thoroughly investigated, but secretion of glycosylated rat prolactin is not currently known. This is mainly due to the lack of an antiserum which is solely specific for glycosylated rat prolactin and therefore we studied the basal secretion of this variant by an indirect method. Rat pituitary cells were cultured in total culture medium and three different serum-free media (DMEM, keratinocyte-serum-free medium, protein-free hybridoma medium) and secretion of 23 kDa and glycosylated rat prolactin was recorded by radioactive techniques and immunoblotting. The pituitary cell quality was monitored by electron microscopy, cell activation-and cell death assessment. In short-range culture (2 days) the pituitary cell quality and behaviour was very good and comparable in total culture medium, DMEM and keratinocyteserum-free medium, i.e. numerous secretory granules, moderate amount of ER, cristae well in place in the mitochondriae. In medium-range culture (8 days) only cells cultured in total culture medium and DMEM presented a parallel behaviour: migration of cells toward each other, marked degranulation, massive array of ER. The inner membrane of the mitochondria was no longer folded into cristae leaving an unoccupied central space. At day 2 of the culture span secretion of 23 kDa rat prolactin was very comparable in all media used; hereafter, secretion of 23 kDa rat prolactin in total culture medium and DMEM assumed the well known pattern of peaking and slowing down, whereas in the other serumfree media it steadily decreased over the culture span. Pertaining to the important novel point of glycosylated rat prolactin secretion, it was low in comparison to the one of 23 kDa rat prolactin and it assumed a near steady pattern in all media used. 26 kDa rat prolactin was identified as the preferentially secreted glycoform, and the 23 kDa isoform as the major secretory product of rat pituitary lactotroph cells.     

Human liquid bone marrow culture in serum-free medium

Prolonged in vitro maintenance of human bone marrow progenitor cells was achieved using a serum-free (SF) liquid culture system. Culture medium was based on Iscove's medium supplemented with bovine serum albumin, human transferrin, bovine insulin, soybean lecithin, cholesterol, hydrocortisone and alpha-thioglycerol. Under these standardized culture conditions, CFU-GM were maintained for up to 4 weeks, as is the case when using conventional serum-dependent medium. Erythropoiesis exhibited a slower decline than that found using serum containing medium. Development of normal haematopoiesis was effective in spite of poor stromal cell development--a confluent adherent layer as classically described in serum conditions was never achieved. Our newly defined system provides a reliable technique for studying human haematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro; it allows for rational utilization of currently available purified recombinant growth factors. It may be a promising tool in the clinical use of cultured haematopoietic stem cells.     

Iodide uptake and organification, tri-iodothyronine secretion, cyclic AMP accumulation and cell proliferation in an optimized system of human thyroid follicles cultured in collagen gel suspended in serum-free medium.

An experimental system was established for measuring cell function and proliferation of human thyroid follicles cultured in collagen gel suspended in serum-free medium. Optimal culture conditions were defined and the system was characterized. The human thyrocytes were functional as indicated by their ability to respond to a TSH stimulus (as low as 1-10 microU/ml), in a time- and dose-dependent fashion, with at least a 15-fold increase in iodide uptake and organification, tri-iodothyronine (T3) secretion (demonstrated to derive from de-novo T3 biosynthesis) and cyclic AMP accumulation. Moreover, the same system allowed the measurement of cell proliferation (as indicated by thymidine incorporation and DNA content) following epidermal growth factor (EGF) and phorbol ester challenge under conditions of cell density and medium identical to those for the differentiated functions. The functional responses and cell proliferation were markedly higher compared with those of the same cells in the presence of serum or maintained in monolayer culture. Normal cell polarity, which critically determines functional capacity of thyroid follicles was maintained (as demonstrated by electron microscopy) by the use of collagen gel and serum-free medium. The use of thyroid cells of human origin assumes great importance in view of the wide species differences reported. Cryopreservation of cells rather than the necessity of using freshly derived cells confers greater convenience. The present model system provides a powerful tool for studying human thyroid physiology and pathophysiology.     

靶向乳腺癌干细胞DC瘤苗的核酸抗原制备

摘要 目的：应用无血清培养基细胞球培养法富集MCF-7乳腺癌干细胞,制备乳腺癌干细胞mRNA核酸抗原,为制备靶向乳腺癌干细胞树突细胞瘤苗奠定基础。方法：应用无血清培养基悬浮培养法富集MCF-7乳腺癌细胞,经单克隆形成、表面标志检测、NOD-SCID小鼠成瘤等实验对其肿瘤干细胞特性进行鉴定后,利用T7 mMESSAGE mMACHINE试剂盒进行mRNA体外扩增。结果：乳腺癌细胞MCF-7在无血清培养基中可形成悬浮状细胞球,其中具有CD44+CD24-表面标志的细胞约占90.16%。该细胞亚群具有较贴壁细胞更强的克隆形成能力和低剂量体内成瘤能力。细胞总RNA经体外扩增获得的mRNA,可作为核酸抗原。结论：应用无血清悬浮细胞球培养法可以获得高含量乳腺癌干细胞。通过体外扩增方法获得该细胞亚群的mRNA,可作为肿瘤核酸抗原,为下一步制备靶向乳腺癌干细胞的树突细胞瘤苗奠定了基础。     

Human monoclonal antibody prepared from lymphocytes of pancreatic cancer patients

We have succeeded in establishing a human monoclonal antibody (MoAb) OC2D against pancreatic cancer cells using lymphocytes from pancreatic cancer patients and a human lymphoblastoid cell line HO323. The reactivity of OC2D using various cell lines and immunoperoxidase staining showed a rather specific effect for malignant cells such as those of pancreatic, gastric, and colon cancers. The antigen recognized by OC2D appeared to be nonsecreting and was mainly found on the cell surface, and various enzyme treatments showed that the epitope was an asialosylated carbohydrate. The hybridoma OC2D has continued to produce human MoAb for 10 months after fusion and grew stably in serum-free medium as well as in serum-containing medium. These results suggest that this human MoAb OC2D is useful for both imaging and targeting therapy.     

Critical factors in establishing monolayer cultures of normal human placental cells in serum-free medium

Comparative studies have been performed to determine the best method for preparing monolayer cultures of normal human term trophoblast cells. The use of 0.25% trypsin-10 U/ml DNAse I provided the highest cell viability and greatest hormone production, but was critically dependent on the trypsin lot used. Cell function in culture was not improved with various substrata, nor did other factors (medium type, pH, red blood cell removal) affect the results. Optimization of dispersal and culture conditions permitted the trophoblast cells to survive with intact hormone secretion and response to secretagogues under serum-free conditions. These studies thus define the best methodology for establishing trophoblast cells in monolayer cultures.     

Effects of serum and lipoproteins on steroidogenesis in cultured bovine luteal cells

The effects of serum and lipoproteins on the function of bovine luteal cells in tissue culture were examined. Corpora lutea from regularly cycling dairy cows were dissociated with collagenase and cultured in Ham's F-12 medium with or without serum. The serum-free medium was supplemented with insulin, transferrin and hydrocortisone. Addition of LH to the serum-containing medium did not increase progesterone (P4) production. When the luteal cells were cultured in serum-free medium. LH produced a dose-dependent increase (P less than 0.001) in P4 production during the first 24 h of culture. The responsiveness of the cells to LH then gradually declined, and remained low until days 9-11 of culture, at which time the cells regained their ability to respond to LH. The luteal cells were responsive to dibutyryl cAMP in both serum-containing and serum-free medium. Serum lipoproteins (low and high density) were able to produce a 150-260% increase in progesterone production by the luteal cells cultured in serum-free medium. The results indicate that the presence of serum in the cell culture medium inhibits the responsiveness of luteal cells to LH at a step prior to the increase in cellular cAMP, and that serum lipoproteins can be used to increase progesterone production by cultured bovine luteal cells.