小鼠对杜氏利什曼原虫中国株易感性及受染小鼠免疫反应的观察

作者用杜氏利什曼原虫中国株感染BALB/c、DBA/1、ICR和615四个品系小鼠,发现此四品系小鼠对该病原体的易感性和受染后的免疫反应各不相同,各品系小鼠受染后分别呈现自愈、潜伏和发病状态,与人群对杜氏利什曼原虫感染的易感性和免疫反应类型相似。     

颅底脊索瘤的超微结构与临床的相关研究

报告 41例颅内脊索瘤 (包括 2例软骨样脊索瘤 )的临床表现及组织病理和超微结构特点。脊索瘤的形态学特点为瘤细胞内有大量空泡及间质内的黏液基质 ;免疫组化对角蛋白、上皮膜抗原为阳性表达 ;电镜下可见桥粒、微绒毛以及粗面内质网包绕线粒体等特殊结构。软骨样脊索瘤的形态特点为出现非上皮组织来源的细胞并可见粗面内质网池中微管样结晶。研究结果证实脊索瘤中既有上皮组织分化的特点又有间叶组织的表现 ,还存在着具有多潜能分化的恶性干细胞群体。并对脊索瘤的超微结构分化状态与其恶性程度进行了探讨     

Secretory Granule-Containing Processes and Their Synaptic Structures of the Supraoptic and Paraventricular Nuclei of the Rat

Secretory granule-containing dendrites and their synaptic structuresof the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei were studied with electronmicroscope.Secretory granules were found in proximal dendrites,dendriticstems and fine dendritic branches.Synaptic structures with clear roundvesicles and a few large dense core vesicles could often be identified onthese dendrites.The synaptic membranes were either symmetrical or asym-metrical.     

IBP促进人涎腺腺样囊性癌细胞对紫杉醇耐药

目的探讨IBP对SACC细胞抗紫杉醇凋亡能力的影响及其机制。方法将ACC2转染IBP组和空白对照组各自根据不同紫杉醇浓度分成5组,紫杉醇作用72 h后,MTT法检测在紫杉醇作用下IBP对SACC细胞增殖的影响;通过微管蛋白Tubulin免疫荧光染色,观察紫杉醇作用前后ACC2细胞微管的变化及IBP与微管的关系。结果 IBP使ACC2细胞对紫杉醇产生一定程度的耐药,在5μg/ml的紫杉醇浓度下最为明显;紫杉醇开始作用后,ACC2-C1细胞的微管点状聚集成团,而ACC2-C1/IBP细胞的微管则出现明显的紊乱、断裂,IBP能促进微管的解聚;IBP所发的绿色荧光与微管的红色荧光糅合在一起呈黄色,IBP与微管存在一定程度的共定位。结论 IBP促进SACC细胞对紫杉醇耐药。     

活动力不足精子尾部微管超微结构研究

以２２例活动力不足精子病人的精液为标本，对其精子进行形态学研究，以了解精子尾部的形态变化。电镜观察发现：１例精子尾部形态变化较一致。轴丝排列为９＋０微管形式；另１例精子尾部形态变化呈多样性，或部分周围微管和部分外围致密纤维以及中央微管消失，或所有微管和外周致密纤维排列混乱。结果显示部分活动力不足精子病人精子尾部的微管异常和Ｋａｒｔａｇｅｎｅｒ‘ｓ综合征特征相似，这种异常可能影响精子的运动能力，而导     

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) characterization in Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes

BACKGROUND: Although Leishmania virulence may be modulated by environmental and genetic factors of their mammalian hosts and sand fly vectors, molecular determinants of Leishmania sp. are the key elements. This work evidences that Leishmania amazonensis axenic amastigotes produce comparatively more NO than infective promastigotes. METHODS: A soluble NOS was purified from L. amazonensis axenic amastigotes by affinity chromatography (2',5'-ADP-agarose), and on SDS-PAGE the enzyme migrates as a single protein band. RESULTS: The presence of a constitutive NOS was detected through immunofluorescence using antibody against neuronal NOS (nNOS) and in NADPH consumption assays. CONCLUSIONS: The present data show that NOS is prominent in axenic amastigote preparations, suggesting an association with the infectivity and/or an escaping mechanism of the parasite. The relationship between the NO-generating systems in the parasite and in their host cell warrants further investigation.     

The fine structure of Entamoeba histolytica processed by cryo-fixation and cryo-substitution.

Recently, the use of cryo-fixation followed by freeze-substitution has been shown to produce a better ultrastructural preservation of cellular components due to the rapidity of the fixation procedure and the lack of distortion during dehydration. When these techniques are applied to study the fine structure of axenically cultured trophozoites of E. histolytica, an improved preservation of cytoplasmic and nuclear components was found. The surface coat of the parasite appears much thicker and uniform than in conventionally treated samples. Also, the ground substance of the cytoplasm is packed with fibrogranular material, which is usually extracted by chemical fixation. The extremely fast fixation procedure allows the visualization of fusion and/or fission processes of cytoplasmic vacuoles and vesicles. Nuclear microtubules and cytoplasmic microfilaments are clearly identified. Low-temperature techniques allow not only a better preservation of the cell structure of E. histolytica parasites, but will also facilitate considerably future immunoelectronmicroscopical studies.     

Combined scanning electron and light microscopy of biopsy samples of bovine uterus.

Uterine biopsies from normal cyclic cows were optimally prepared for examination in a scanning electron microscope. After examination in the scanning electron microscope the same tissues were routinely processed for paraffin sectioning and reexamined with the light microscope. Results indicate that the scanning electron microscope is satisfactory for examination of the fine surface structure of the endometrium and the light microscope for subsurface structures of the bovine uterus.     

用离子团簇束及反应离子团簇束技术沉积Zn及ZnO薄膜

用文题所述技术，在玻璃基板上制出了Ｚｎ及ＺｎＯ薄膜。用ＳＥＭ、ＸＲＤ、ＡＥＳ及ＳＥＥＬＦＳ方法，分别研究了其表面形貌、组成、薄膜结构及表面精细结构，同时探讨了薄膜生长过程。结果表明：Ｚｎ薄膜为（００２）面上择优生长的多晶膜，其生长过程为岛状生长：ＺｎＯ薄膜为无定形迷津网络结构，薄膜表面主要含有Ｚｎ、Ｏ两种组分，无其它杂质，Ｚｎ─Ｏ键长为０．２０３ｍｍ。     

利什曼原虫无鞭体超微结构研究(貉虫株的进一步研究)

我们对利什曼原虫特别是对从貉分离的利什曼原虫无鞭体进行了超微结构的研究,并与文献资料进行对比,初步认为与杜氏利什曼原虫群相似,并首次报道在其胞浆中发现的“包函体”样结构。     

固定液对恒冷箱切片组织结构与染色效果的比较观察

对Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠６种器官进行恒冷箱新鲜冰冻切片,采用９种固定液分别固定切片,在同等条件下做Ｈ．Ｅ染色,观察不同固定液对器官组织结构与染色效果的影响,以寻找适用于恒冷箱切片的最佳固定液．结果表明：１０％中性甲醛固定的切片,器官的组织结构清晰,染色好,镜下与石蜡切片相似,我们推荐在恒冷箱切片Ｈ．Ｅ染色时选用１０％中性甲醛作为固定液,这对提高恒冷箱切片染色技术和临床病理快速诊断的准确性,有一定指导意义。     

脑垂体染色方法的改进

①目的 改进脑垂体的染色方法，更清晰地显示腺垂体内各种细胞的形态特点，提高实验课教学质量。②方法 应用改良染色液显示脑垂体的组织结构。③结果 用传统的苏木精-伊红染色法，不易区分各种细胞，而采用混合染色液显示脑垂体组织结构效果好，既能观察脑垂体器官又能区分嗜酸性细胞、嗜碱性细胞和嫌色细胞。④结论 混合染色法能够显示脑垂体组织结构，使各种细胞的形态特点清晰可辨，可为实验教学提供优良的切片标本。     

新疆金银花的鉴定研究

新疆金银花品种开源丰富，绿原酸含量高于商品金银花，对六种金银花原植物、性状及显微进行了鉴定，为今后引种、开发利用奠定了基础．     

家兔生长激素细胞和星形滤泡细胞浆内棒状微管样小体的电镜观察

在家兔腺垂体生长激素细胞和星形滤泡细胞浆内发现棒状微管样小体。此个体由一层连续的单位膜所覆盖,其内有大量的微管,微管依其直径的不同又可分为两类。关于它的确切功能和来源尚不清楚,根据本实验观察,推测它可能是一个机械动力装置,与细胞内亚微结构的区域性分布有关。在生长激素细胞核内发现微管和小管,还未见其它文献有过报道,生长激素细胞核内微管的直径约25～30urn.核内小管的直径约78nm,前者似乎与异染色质颗粒相连续,它可能是从异染色质向常染色质转变过程中的一个过渡形式,核内出现这些结构的确切意义还不清楚。     

宫颈癌放疗区域相关断层解剖学观察

目的 对宫颈癌放射治疗所包含的解剖学范围进行详细观察.方法 结合中国数字化可视人体数据集(CVH2)断层解剖学图像,分别模拟宫颈癌放射治疗常用的盆腔四野照射和调强照射(IMRT)两种方式,对两种照射方式的等剂量曲线所包含的解剖学范围进行详细的观察和对比分析.结果 在CVH2断层图像上,可以清楚地观察到两种照射方式的各个等剂量曲线所包含的详细盆腔组织.四野箱式放疗中小肠、直肠、膀胱和骨髓的受照射剂量明显高于IMRT照射,IMRT受照射体积较四野箱式照射均下降达15%以上.结论 中国数字化可视人体数据可良好显示盆腔细微结构,在TPS系统上对宫颈癌的放疗区域及方式进行精细解剖学研究有重要帮助,也为放射治疗的深入研究和培训教学提供了极有价值的工具.     

子宫颈上皮不典型增生与宫颈癌细胞超微结构的观察比较

光镜和电镜观察慢性宫颈炎上皮不典型增生42例,宫颈癌21例,正常对照7例。上皮不典型增生之一是位于深部的储备细胞增生,细胞的核质比大,细胞器少,分化较低。鳞状上皮不典型增生细胞特点是核质比增大,核形不整,核膜内陷,细胞器增多,桥粒和张力原纤维减少。鳞癌细胞的核质比更大,核膜内褶深,细胞器更多,桥粒和张力原纤维很少或消失,分化低的癌细胞尤明显。粘液性腺癌腺上皮深部可见储备细胞转化的癌细胞。     

细胞骨架生物力学的研究进展

细胞骨架是由微丝、微管和中间纤维等组成的纤维状聚合物和各种调控蛋白交错连接的网络结构,分别与细胞膜上的特殊结构（如黏附斑、细胞间连接等）相互联系,并与细胞核的支架系统相互作用.在不同力的作用下,细胞发生不同的形变,继而引起不同的细胞骨架组分的重装,表现出不同的细胞反应,在真核细胞内对维持细胞形态、细胞内运输、变形运动、细胞分化及受体介导的信号转导等方面发挥着重要作用.细胞骨架参与的各种生理活动常与其动态变化紧密相连.     

Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis

Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis DCL is a condition rarely seen in the Middle East. We report a case of disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis in a 60-years-old lady. The patient first presented 1996 with an initial lesion, which started on the butterfly area of the face and spread, probably due to immunosuppression, to involve the whole face. The lesions consisted of nodules, which did not ulcerate. The histology showed abundance of macrophages filled with amastigotes L-D bodies. The patient was started on oral zinc sulphate 10 mg/kg in 3 divided doses daily. The condition showed gradual improvement. Repeated biopsies showed upgrading of the histopathological picture. After 6-months of treatment there was complete clearance of the condition. The patient was followed up for 6-years with no recurrence. However, she presented with a new lesion on the butterfly area again in February 2003. The biopsy again showed abundance of macrophages filled with amastigotes L-D bodies. A 4-months course of zinc sulphate 10 mg/kg in 3 divided doses daily resulted in complete clearance of the lesions. Zinc sulphate might represent a new treatment for this condition that has no adequate treatment until now.     

四种肺螨病病原螨的扫描电镜观察

本文通过扫描电镜对四种常见的肺螨病病原螨的观察,进一步了解其颚体、足体等形态结构,为今后深入研究其形态和寄生致病关系,以及与其他种类的鉴别分类作了初步探索。     

雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1对Hela细胞微管蛋白稳定性的影响

目的: 探讨雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1,mTORC1）对Hela细胞微管稳定性的影响及可能机制。方法: 使用50 nmol/L雷帕霉素预处理Hela细胞24 h后,加入5 μmol的诺考达唑处理30、60和120 min,免疫荧光检测微管蛋白的稳定性;使用50 nmol/L雷帕霉素处理Hela细胞24 h后,蛋白质印迹检测促微管解聚蛋白stathmin、KIF2A,促微管聚合蛋白CLIP170,微管切割蛋白Katanin、Spastin的表达变化。转染ATG5-shRNA抑制自噬相关基因5（autophagy-related gene5, ATG5）后,免疫荧光检测微管蛋白稳定性的改变。使用50 nmol/L雷帕霉素预处理Hela细胞24 h后,蛋白质印迹检测Ras同源基因家族成员A(Ras homolog gene family member A,RhoA)的表达;转染GFP RhoA-Q63L或GFP RhoA-N19、p190RhoGAP-siRNA质粒后,免疫荧光检测微管稳定性的改变。结果： 用雷帕霉素抑制mTORC1的活性后Hela细胞微管的稳定性增强,但微管稳定性相关蛋白stathmin、KIF2A、CLIP170、Katanin、Spastin无明显变化。抑制细胞自噬后,微管的稳定性无明显改变。雷帕霉素抑制 mTORC1的活性后RhoA GTP酶的活化水平下调;下调p190RhoGAP的活化水平后,微管的稳定性减弱。结论： RhoA在mTORC1介导的Hela细胞微管稳定性中起重要作用。