羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的　探讨 AMT治疗 BK的疗效。方法　选择有明显眼痛且视功能较差的 BK10例 ,其中人工晶状体植入术后 4例 ,白内障摘除术后 3例 ,抗青光眼术后近绝对期 1例 ,眼外伤 2例。结果　随访观察 4～ 2 4周 ,术后当天 8例病人症状消失 ,2例疼痛减轻 ,并于 1周内消失。所有患者角膜上皮缺损在 3～ 4周内愈合 ,无复发。结论　AMT可有效地改善基质层微环境 ,减轻炎症反应和疼痛 ,促进角膜上皮愈合 ,是治疗 BK的安全、易行的有效方法。     

角膜基质层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的探讨角膜基质层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变（BK）的临床疗效。方法对9例（9只眼）大泡性角膜病变的患者行角膜基质层烧烙联合羊膜移植,其中白内障联合人工晶状体植入术后5例,抗青光眼术后3例,角膜穿通伤1例。结果术后眼部刺激症状、角膜上皮大泡均于1周内消退,角膜基质水肿7～10d消失。术后随访3～24个月,均未发现BK复发及并发症的发生。结论对于症状明显、病情顽固、难以恢复有效视力且不具备角膜移植条件的BK患者,角膜基质层烧烙联合羊膜移植可有效控制BK的症状,防止BK的复发,是治疗BK可供选择的有效方法。     

自体板层角膜转位术治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的:观察自体板层角膜转位术治疗大泡性角膜病变(bullous keratopathy,BK)的临床疗效。方法:大泡性角膜病变患者15例15眼行自体板层角膜转位术治疗。其中白内障术后8例;白内障术后继发性青光眼4例;青光眼术后并发性白内障3例。结果:患者15例术后眼痛等刺激症状基本消失,角膜上皮完整,随访3～24mo均未发现BK的复发及并发症的出现,视力有轻度提高。结论:自体板层角膜转位术可有效缓解BK的症状,防止BK的复发,是治疗BK可供选择的有效方法。     

羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的：研究羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的疗效。方法：对15例（15只眼）大泡性角膜病变患者采用羊膜移植治疗。其中无晶状体眼5例,人工晶状体眼5例,有晶状体眼者3例,角膜移植片失败者2例,结果：随访期3－12个月,治疗后1－3天内症状解除者13例（86．67％）,症状减轻者2例,氖患者角膜上皮缺损在3－4周内愈合。结论：羊膜移植能有效地控制大泡性角膜病变的症状,促进上皮愈合,且安全、简便,易行,具有很大的发展前途。     

角膜板层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的:研究角膜板层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变(bullous keratopathy,BK)的疗效.方法:对12例(12眼)BK患者采用角膜板层烧烙联合羊膜移植治疗,其中绝对期青光眼7例,人工晶状体眼4例,角膜穿孔伤1例.结果:患者12例术后眼部疼痛等刺激症状均消失,随访3～48 mo均未发现BK复发及并发症的发生.结论:角膜板层烧烙联合羊膜移植可有效地控制BK的症状,防止BK的复发,是治疗BK可供选择的有效方法.     

角膜基质针刺联合羊膜移植术治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的：探讨施行角膜基质针刺联合羊膜移植术治疗大泡性角膜病变（bullous keratopathy,BK）的临床疗效。方法：对35例35眼大泡性角膜病变者施行角膜基质针刺联合羊膜移植术,所有患者术前、术后均行前节OCT、角膜地形图、角膜知觉、共焦显微镜检查。观察患者术后眼部症状、大泡复发情况、角膜知觉改变、角膜厚度变化、角膜各层组织结构变化。结果：角膜基质针刺联合羊膜移植术后随访6～18mo。32例（91%）均在术后第1d疼痛感消失,并在随访期间未再出现疼痛,另外3例（9%）疼痛感减轻并在3d后消失。9例（26%）术后角膜上皮在1wk内愈合,21例（60%）在2wk内愈合,5例（14%）在3wk内愈合。随访期间BK无复发,2例（6%）在术后3,4wk在周边区域见少量微小水泡,无自觉症状,随时间延长未见加重。所有患者无新生血管发生,角膜表面光滑。30例（86%）移植的羊膜于术后2mo变薄,部分溶解吸收,3mo时肉眼基本不见羊膜。34例（97%）视力无改变,1例（3%）由光感到手动/眼前。30例（86%）术后2mo角膜知觉减退,下降幅度为20±7mm,所有患者角膜厚度均增加,由术前的788±35μm,增至940±43μm,术后12mo,角膜厚度增至1 060±27μm。共焦显微镜结果：术后3mo,角膜基底膜下三叉神经纤维数量密度降低,浅基质层基质细胞成纤维化,深基质层更加疏松、细胞肿胀明显,内皮细胞数量较术前减少且肿胀更加明显。结论：角膜基质针刺联合羊膜移植术能有效控制BK的症状,防止BK的复发,尤其是对症状明显,视功能差的患者是简单、安全、实用的方法。     

新鲜羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床观察

目的:观察新鲜羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床疗效,探讨大泡性角膜病变有效可行的治疗方法。方法:回顾分析经新鲜羊膜移植进行治疗的13例13眼大泡性角膜病变,其中人工晶状体眼10例,绝对期青光眼2例,外伤性晶状体前脱位1例。对13例患者术后眼部刺激症状消失时间、大泡消失例数、羊膜溶解时间、角膜上皮完全修复时间、视力改善状况进行分析评价,同时与报告中大泡性角膜病变的其他治疗方法上述指标比较。结果:13例大泡性角膜病变患者中10例在术后3d内疼痛消失,13例大泡消失,14d内移植的新鲜羊膜全部溶解,无1例出现排斥反应,14d内角膜上皮完全修复,与报告中除角膜移植外的视力改善率有显著性差异(P<0.05)外,与其余同类方法相关指标比较无统计学差异。结论:新鲜羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变是取材方便、费用低廉、效果可靠的治疗方法。     

角膜层间晶状体前囊植入联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的 探讨角膜层间晶状体前囊植入联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的效果.方法 对内眼手术后大泡性角膜病变11例（11眼）施行角膜层间晶状体前囊植入联合羊膜移植术.术后随诊12个月,观察治疗后疼痛等症状缓解情况、角膜水泡消退、角膜上皮愈合情况,以及有无眼部并发症.结果 11例中,9例术后疼痛症状减轻,6例术后视力提高,8例角膜缺损区3周内愈合.结论 在基层医院缺乏角膜材料的情况下,应用角膜层间晶状体前囊植入联合羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变,可缓解大泡性角膜病患者的痛苦,提高部分患者视力,达到治疗的效果.     

角膜层间植入羊膜治疗大泡性角膜病变

目的 探讨角膜层间植入羊膜在治疗大泡性角膜病变(bullous keratopathy,BK）中的应用价值。方法 对21BK患者进行角膜层间植入羊膜手术治疗,术中先用8.8～9.0mm的环钻在角膜上环切1/2角膜最度,做一以5～6～7点为蒂的1/2厚的角膜瓣,将制好的与角膜瓣相同大小的羊膜置于角膜层间铺平,用10-0尼龙线间断缝合角膜瓣。结果 21例患者疼痛等刺激症状消失,术后3～6天羊膜呈灰白色水肿,随后逐渐透明。经3～12个月的随访观察,均未发现BK复发及并发症的发生。结论 角膜层间植入羊膜可有效地控制BK的症状,防止BK复发。是治疗BK可供选择的有效方法。     

新鲜羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床分析

目的:观察羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变的临床疗效,探讨大泡性角膜病变有效可行的治疗方法。方法:回顾分析经羊膜移植进行治疗的18例18眼大泡性角膜病变,对18例患者术后眼部刺激症状消失时间、大泡消失例数、羊膜溶解时间、角膜上皮完全修复时间、视力改善状况进行分析评价。结果:大泡性角膜病变患者18例中,10例在术后3d内疼痛消失,18例大泡消失,15d内移植的新鲜羊膜全部溶解,无1例出现排斥反应,15d内角膜上皮完全修复。结论:羊膜移植治疗大泡性角膜病变是取材方便、费用低廉、效果可靠的治疗方法。     

连续交锁缝合在眼表羊膜移植术中的应用

目的 评价一种新的羊膜缝合方法——连续交锁缝合，在眼表羊膜移植术中应用及其临床疗效。方法 回顾总结我院行羊膜移植术的眼表疾病患者57例（65眼），观察组26例（31眼）行连续交锁缝合，与对照组31例（34眼）行间断或单纯连续缝合者进行比较，随访时间均超过2m，观察两组羊膜脱落时间、创面上皮化时间等指标。结果 两组3w内羊膜自行脱落眼数比：观察组3／31眼明显低于对照组为15／34眼，两者之间的差别有统计学意义（P=0．018）；羊膜完整存留3w以上眼数比：观察组19／22眼高于对照组6／21眼，两者之间的差别有统计学意义（P=0．044）；两组2w内角膜上皮化眼数比：观察组17／28眼高于对照组12／32眼，但两者之间的差别无统计学意义（P=0．29）。结论 连续交锁缝合可使羊膜紧贴眼表，防止其融解脱落，并促进眼表创面上皮化，其眼表刺激症状很小，可明显提高羊膜眼表覆盖的疗效。     

Amniotic membrane transplantation for painful bullous keratopathy

PURPOSE: To establish the effectiveness of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) in relieving pain and discomfort in patients with painful bullous keratopathy and its role in improving vision in eyes with visual potential. METHODS: Seven eyes of seven consecutive patients with painful corneal conditions were included in a retrospective interventional noncomparative case series performed at Maidstone General hospital, Maidstone, UK. Amniotic membrane transplantation was performed in seven eyes. Pain relief, epithelial healing, and visual changes were evaluated. Pain relief and freedom from discomfort were considered for the success of the surgery. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 26.57 weeks (range 11 to 53 weeks). Pain relief was achieved in all seven (100%) eyes. Associated symptoms including foreign body sensation, photophobia, and tearing subsided significantly in all patients starting soon after the first postoperative day. Vision improved in 5 (71.42%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: AMT is an effective alternative for the management of patients with painful bullous eratopathy. Besides pain relief and reduction of ocular inflammation it remains unclear whether this procedure can also be used to improve vision in eyes with visual potential.     

新鲜羊膜移植治疗严重的急性炎症期及瘢痕期眼表疾病的临床研究

目的　探讨新鲜羊膜移植治疗严重的急性炎症期和瘢痕期眼表疾病的可行性并对其疗效进行评价。方法　选择本院急性化学伤、热烧伤共 5例 (6只眼 ) ,复发性蚕蚀性角膜溃疡 8例 (8只眼 ) ,各种原因导致的大面积睑球粘连 42例 (49只眼 ) ,共计 5 5例 (6 3只眼 )临床连续住院患者 ,分别行单纯新鲜羊膜移植术 38例 (46只眼 ) ,羊膜移植联合板层角膜移植术 8例 (8只眼 ) ,羊膜移植联合角膜缘移植术 9例 (9只眼 )。术后均经印迹细胞学追踪观察移植后羊膜上皮细胞存活的时间。术后随访观察 6～ 18个月 ,平均 11个月。结果　 5 5例术后临床上均未见新鲜羊膜植片急性排斥反应。严重急性眼烧伤的 6只眼中 ,术后 5只眼无角结膜进行性溶解和穿孔 ,无新生血管和假性胬肉侵入角膜表面 ,虹膜亦未见萎缩 ,视力有不同程度的提高。复发性蚕蚀性角膜溃疡 8只眼术后未见复发。严重睑球粘连 49只眼中 ,46只眼恢复了眼球的运动功能 ,3只眼术后 3个月再次发生睑球粘连。泪液分泌功能基本正常者羊膜上皮细胞移植后可存活约 3个月。结论　新鲜羊膜移植可有效地用于重建角结膜表面 ,减轻炎性反应 ,减少新生血管的生成 ,抑制纤维组织增生 ,同时可用于防止蚕蚀性角膜溃疡的复发。充分清除眼表的病变组织和羊膜移植片的缝合固定 ,对羊膜     

Amniotic membrane transplantation for bullous keratopathy in eyes with poor visual potential

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of epithelial debridement and amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for pain and discomfort relief in patients with symptomatic bullous keratopathy and poor visual potential. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA. METHODS: This retrospective study included 18 eyes (18 patients) with bullous keratopathy presenting with intractable pain or discomfort and poor visual potential. After epithelial debridement, all eyes had AMT with the basement membrane side up. During a mean follow-up of 25.1 months +/- 9.6 (SD) (range 12 to 45 months), pain relief, epithelial healing, and visual changes were analyzed. RESULTS: Pain relief was obtained in 88% of patients. Sixty-six percent of eyes had complete resolution of ocular discomfort starting soon after the first postoperative day. One eye had evisceration for persistent pain 10 months postoperatively. Corneal epithelial healing was complete in all except 1 eye. Remaining complaints included foreign-body sensation (5%), tearing (11%), and photophobia (5%). CONCLUSIONS: Amniotic membrane transplantation was a safe, effective, and long-lasting treatment modality for intractable pain associated with chronic bullous keratopathy in eyes with poor visual potential. It can be an alternative to conjunctival flaps for the long-term management of patients with bullous keratopathy in whom corneal transplantation is not indicated. A comparison of the efficacy of AMT with that of other surgical procedures must be performed.     

Single and multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation for persistent corneal epithelial defect with and without stromal thinning and perforation

AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) in persistent corneal epithelial defect with or without stromal thinning and corneal perforation. METHODS: 28 patients (28 eyes) with persistent corneal epithelial defect unresponsive to medical treatment were given preserved human amniotic membrane transplants. The patients were divided into three groups: group A, persistent corneal epithelial defect 10 eyes; group B, epithelial defect with stromal thinning 13 eyes; and group C, corneal perforation five eyes. AMT was performed using one layer in group A and multilayers in group B and C. The causes of persistent epithelial defect were neurotrophic keratopathy (24 eyes), limbal deficiency (six eyes), exposure keratopathy (four eyes), and Mooren's ulcer (one eye). RESULTS: Success was noted in 82.1% (23/28 eyes) in all groups, with 80% (8/10 eyes), 84.6% (11/13 eyes), and 80% (4/5 eyes) in groups A, B, and C respectively, with a mean follow up of 10.9 months (1-30 months). The mean epithelialisation time after AMT was 2.1 weeks. The healing times of groups B and C are also significantly shorter than group A (p=0.017 and 0.018, respectively). Corneal stromal thickness was significantly increased in all cases in groups B and C (p=0.006). Those with corneal perforation in group C were completely healed by multilayer AMT. There was no difference in the epithelialisation time between successful cases treated by a single operation (17 eyes) or repeated operation (six eyes). Vision improved in 18.9% (8/28 eyes) and worsened as a result of cataract formation in 2.3% (1/28 eyes). Failure was noted in 17.9% (5/28 eyes), because of corneal infection (two eyes), neurotrophic keratopathy with and without limbal deficiency (two eyes), and intractable corneal perforation (one eye). No patient developed major immediate postoperative complications or graft rejection. CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane can successfully treat refractory corneal epithelial defect by promoting epithelial healing and thus prevent corneal perforation. It can be used as a treatment for corneal perforation by restoring corneal stromal thickness so that emergency penetrating keratoplasty can be avoided.     

羊膜移植在治疗持续性角膜上皮缺损中的应用

目的探讨羊膜移植术治疗持续性角膜上皮缺损的效果：方法不同原因引起的持续性角膜上皮缺损20例(24眼)，以羊膜移植进行治疗：术后裂隙灯显微镜及荧光素染色检查，平均随访18月。结果全部患者均于术后3周内愈合，角膜表面光滑：视力增进者10例。结论羊膜移植治疗持续性角膜上皮缺损是一种有效的方法。     

Limbal graft and/or amniotic membrane transplantation in the treatment of ocular burns

Limbal stem cell transplantation (LSCT) and amniotic membrane transplantation may improve corneal recovery after a chemical burn. Amniotic membrane was applied as a patch in 5 eyes; LSCT from healthy contralateral eye was performed in 6 eyes, and a combination of these techniques was performed in 4 eyes. There were no complications during surgical procedure. Epithelization was completed after 2 weeks in patients with LSCT, and after 3 weeks in the amniotic membrane transplantation group. Visual acuity improved in all patients. No complication was observed on either the donor or the recipient eye during a follow-up period of >13 months in all groups. Amniotic membrane is effective in promoting re-epithelization and reducing inflammation when applied alone in patients with 3- to 6-hour limbal involvement, as well as combined with LSCT in patients with >6-hour limbal ischemia. LSCT is an effective procedure for rehabilitation after severe chemical trauma of the eye with more than 50% limbal involvement.     

Amniotic membrane transplantation after the primary surgical management of band keratopathy

PURPOSE: To determine the safety and efficacy of amniotic membrane transplantation to restore and maintain a stable corneal epithelium and reduce ocular surface pain after surgical removal of band keratopathy arising from ocular causes. METHODS: Fifteen patients (16 eyes) from two centers with band keratopathy secondary to ocular causes underwent amniotic membrane transplantation as a graft after surgical removal of calcific deposits with or without the use of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. In a prospective, consecutive, uncontrolled case series, the rate of corneal epithelialization and resultant surface stability were recorded over a mean follow-up period of 14.6 months. RESULTS: Pain from ocular surface instability was the presenting complaint in 14 of 15 (93.3%) patients and resolved in all cases after the procedure even for those who experienced a recurrence of the calcific deposit. Fifteen of 16 eyes (93.7%) achieved epithelialization with a mean time to epithelial healing of 15.2 days. The only eye that failed to heal was subsequently diagnosed with total limbal stem cell deficiency. Visual acuity improved in five of nine (44%) sighted eyes and remained unchanged in four of nine (56%). No patient experienced any major surgical or medical complication after the procedure. CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane transplantation represents a safe and effective method to restore a stable corneal epithelium in eyes after primary surgical removal of band keratopathy arising from ocular causes.     

Cryopreserved amniotic membrane transplantation for the management of symptomatic bullous keratopathy

Background: To report the results of cryopreserved human amniotic membrane transplantation for the management of symptomatic bullous keratopathy. Methods: Prospective non‐comparative interventional case series study. Consecutive cases with symptomatic bullous keratopathy for more than 12 months not amenable to conservative treatment were managed with amniotic membrane transplantation. They were recruited over a 5‐year period (September 1999 to November 2004) in one referral centre. Only one eye of each patient (the worse affected eye in bilateral cases) was operated. A 360 degree conjunctival peritomy was followed by removal of the diseased corneal epithelium. Amniotic membrane was transplanted over the cornea as a patch and sutured to the free conjunctival edges. Primary outcome measures were ocular pain and epithelial defects; secondary measures were visual acuity and ocular surface inflammation. Results: Four out of 85 recruited cases did not complete the minimum observation of 12 months and were excluded from the study. The mean follow‐up period for the remaining 81 cases was 21 ± 4.2 months (range 14–34 months). Seventy‐one (87.6%) eyes became asymptomatic with healed epithelium, seven required repeated amniotic transplantation and three underwent penetrating keratoplasty. Visual acuity improved in 64 (79%) patients and remained unchanged in 14. No complications were recorded. Conclusions: Amniotic membrane transplantation is an efficient and safe treatment for symptomatic bullous kerato pathy, when penetrating keratoplasty is not available. It has been shown to alleviate pain, promote corneal epithelialization and reduce conjunctival inflammation whereas in some cases it may also improve visual acuity.