双能量数字减影胸片对于不同肺野区域内结节性病变的检出差异(ROC分析)

目的　评价双能量数字减影胸片和常规DR胸片对于不同肺野区域内结节性病变的检出差异。方法　 2 0名正常成年志愿者前胸粘贴模拟结节 ,拍摄双能量数字减影正位胸片 ,应用ROC分析比较常规DR胸片与减影后软组织图像的诊断结果。结果　在双上、中肺野 ,软组织图像的曲线下面积大于常规DR胸片 ;在双上肺野、双中肺野外带 2种方法具有显著性差异。结论　双能量数字减影技术对双上肺野及双中肺野外带胸部结节性病变的检出具有优势 ,故应结合减影及常规胸片 ,以助诊断。     

多层螺旋CT、数字减影血管造影、碘化油CT对肝内富血管肝癌检出率的比较研究

目的 比较多层螺旋CT双期增强扫描、数字减影血管造影、碘化油CT对肝内富血管肝细胞肝癌结节的检出率.方法 收集诊断明确的结节型原发性肝细胞癌28例,所有患者均先行多层螺旋CT双期增强扫描,然后行肝动脉灌注碘化油栓塞术,术前行肝动脉数字减影血管造影,并于术后3～4周内行多层螺旋CT平扫(碘化油CT).采用盲法对3种影像学方法对肝内富血管肝细胞癌结节的检出率进行统计,并对3种方法对不同大小的肝癌结节的检出率进行比较.结果对＞2 cm的肝癌结节,3种方法具有相同的检出率;对＞1 cm、＜2 cm的结节,3种方法检出率的差异没有统计学意义;对于＜1 cm的结节,多层螺旋CT双期增强扫描检出47个,碘化油CT检出27个,数字减影血管造影只检出16个＜1 cm的结节,与多层螺旋CT双期增强扫描和碘化油CT检出率相比,其差异均有统计学意义.结论 对＜1 cm的肝内富血管肝细胞肝癌结节,多层螺旋CT双期增强扫描和碘化油CT 2种方法可以相互补充.     

双能量减影骨组织图像在肋骨骨折诊断上的作用分析

目的:探讨双能量减影骨组织图像在肋骨骨折检查中的应用和诊断价值.方法:搜集171例临床怀疑肋骨骨折的病例,男97例,女74例,年龄7～89岁,平均41岁.运用美国GE公司生产的Revolution XR/d型数字X线成像设备(DR),采用双能量减影法摄正、斜位胸片.结果:在本组病例中,皱折状骨折在骨组织减影图像上的检出率达73.3%,高于常规DR图像的检出率60.0%,而裂隙状骨折及不全性骨折在骨组织减影图像上的检出率低于常规DR图像,完全性骨折在骨组织减影图像和常规DR图像上的检出率相同,骨组织减影图像与常规DR图像两者间总的检出率无显著性差异(P＞0.05);骨组织减影图像正位的检出率为24.1%,斜位的检出率为44.8%,常规DR图像正位的检出率为29.3%,斜位的检出率为48.3%.结论:双能量减影骨组织图像对不同形态骨折的显示程度不同,可提高细小肋骨骨折的检出.摄片体位影响骨折的检出,无论是骨组织减影图像还是常规DR图像斜位较正位更容易显示骨折.     

常规剂量下影响CT检出肺结节的因素

目的：复习文献，并进一步讨论常规剂量下影响CT检出肺结节的因素。方法：选择肺转移瘤20例，分别在不同层厚、重建问隔以及螺距情况下扫描，统计在每一扫描条件下检出的肺结节的大小、数量、部位，讨论扫描条件、结节大小、结节部位与肺结节检出率之问的关系。结果：扫描层厚薄、重建问隔小、螺距值小、检出的肺结节数越多，更多的是提高了微结节的检出；与肺血管影、肺门影、心旁纵隔影、横膈影重叠的肺结节容易漏检。结论：常规剂量扫描条件下，扫描层厚、重建间隔、螺距、结节大小、结节位置均可影响结节的检出。     

胸部DR双能量减影与DR胸片及胸部CT吸收剂量对照研究

目的:探讨胸部DR双能量减影(DES)与DR高千伏X线摄影、DR亚高千伏X线摄影、胸部常规CT扫描以及低剂量胸部CT扫描被检者X线吸收剂量之间的差异,从剂量学角度阐明胸部影像学检查程序.方法:72例患者采用DR双能量减影、DR高千伏X线摄影以及CT扫描.DR双能量减影采用140 kV、320 mA,60 kV、500 ...     

双能量减影标准胸片和软组织像及MSCT 对肺转移癌检出率的比较

目的:比较DDR双能量减影标准胸片与软组织像及多层螺旋CT对转移性肺癌的检出率.材料和方法:对肿瘤患者胸片怀疑肺转移的行胸部DDR-DE和MSCT检查,随访时间为1.5～2年.结果:126例怀疑转移性肺癌患者,标准胸片检出90例,检出率为71.43%;软组织像胸片检出114例,其中58例为孤立性,56例为多发性,检出率为90.48%;DE两种胸片对肺内病变的检出率有高度统计学意义(P＜0.01).58例孤立性病变,行胸部MSCT扫描,结果为36例多发性(胸片为纵隔重叠及心影遮挡),20例孤立性(随访2～8个月后为多发性),2例未见病变(随访期内未见异常,考虑为纹理聚集所致).12例软组织像阴性患者MSCT检查,2例为多发性(胸片为心影后),10例未见病变(随访期内未见异常).软组织像和MSCT扫描的检出率无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:双能量减影软组织像对肺部小结节的特异性诊断有很大的提高,同时提高了转移性肺癌的早期检出率和敏感性,明显减低了标准胸片的漏诊、误诊.     

数字化双能量减影胸部摄片的临床应用价值

目的 :评价双能量减影胸部摄片的临床应用价值 ,探讨影响图像质量的因素。方法 :选择双能减影检查病人 15 0例 ,其中男 78例 ,女 72例 ,年龄 4～ 88岁 ,平均 4 7岁。使用美国GERevolutionXQ/d全数字摄影系统 ,自动曝光条件下采集数字平片、软组织像及骨组织像。由三名医师对图像进行综合分析 ,统计分析采用卡方检验。结果 :15 0例胸片中有阳性征象者 86例 ,其中钙化 2 9例 ,肺内结节性病变 4 5例 ,肋骨骨折 3例 ,骨病 4例 ,胸部其它病变 5例。胸部钙化检出情况 :数字平片检出 5例 ,骨组织像检出 2 9例 ,其中两者共同检出 5例。两者对胸部钙化的检出率有显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。对肺内结节的检出情况 :数字平片检出 35例 ,软组织像检出 4 5例 ,两者共同检出 35例 ,两者对肺内结节的检出率经统计学处理无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。左下肺心室搏动伪影、双下肺呼吸运动伪影是软组织像上常见的伪影表现 ,曝光时身体移动是双能减影失败的常见原因。结论 :双能减影可增加诊断的信息量 ,增加胸部钙化的检出率 ,有助于肺内结节性病变细节的观察 ;有利于对肺野边缘、骨性胸廓及大气管影像解剖结构和病变的观察 ;心室搏动、曝光时呼吸及身体移动是影响双能减影成像质量的主要因素。     

DDR双能量减影软组织像检出肺小结节的临床价值

目的: 探讨双能量减影软组织像检出肺小结节的价值.材料和方法: 对84例X线胸片发现肺小结节的患者进行DDR-DE和MSCT的检查.结果: 84例肺小结节检出情况: 胸片196个,DDR-DE软组织像157个,MSCT 160个.DDR-DE与胸片相比排除肺小结节55个、增加肺小结节16个.其中排除肺小结节17例,增加肺小结节数12例,减少肺小结节数16例.MSCT与DDR-DE相比排除肺小结节6个,增加肺小结节9个.结论: DDR-DE软组织像比X线胸片明显提高肺小结节的检出率,减少了误诊.     

数字化双能量减影胸部摄片在医学体检中的应用价值

目的:评价双能量减影胸部摄片在医学体检中的应用价值.材料和方法:选择参加2005年度体格检查者1000例.其中男567例,女433例,年龄45～92岁,平均73岁,对其进行普通DR胸片和DES检查.结果:1000例胸片中有阳性征象者,普通DR胸片136例(肺内结节性病变63例、炎性病变19例、钙化病变49例和骨病5例),双能量减影摄片227例(肺内结节性病变98例、炎性病变21例、钙化病变87例和骨病21例).两者总检出率分别为13.6%和22.7%,两者对肺内结节性病变、钙化病变、骨病的检出率分别为6.3%和9.8%、4.9%和8.7%、0.5%和2.1%,有显著差异(P<0.01),两者对炎性病变的检出率分别为1.9%和2.1%,无显著差异(P>0.05).结论:双能量减影摄片对胸部病变的早期诊断筛查是对普通DR平片的-个很好补充,大大提高了肺内结节性病变、钙化病变及骨病等的检出率,在医学体检中有重要意义,值得推广应用.     

数字化双能量减影技术在胸部肺结节及结节内钙化诊断中的应用价值

目的评价数字化双能量减影技术在肺结节及结节内钙化诊断中的临床价值。方法使用美国GE公司Revolution DR-XR/d数字化摄影系统,为80例患者行胸部双能量摄片,将所获得的3幅图像(肺组织像、肋骨像、原像)进行对比分析。结果经CT证实的186个结节中,减影像共检出肺内结节126个(其中含钙化结节32个,无钙化结节94个);原像共检出肺内结节109个(其中钙化结节26个,无钙化结节83个);两者相比较,减影像对病灶显示更敏感。结论减影像在检出肺内结节及结节内钙化等方面有明显优势,可作为原像的重要补充。     

计算机X线摄影能量减影与直接数字摄影对胸部软组织病变检测能力比较

目的 比较计算机X线摄影能量减影技术(ES-CR)与直接数字摄影技术(DR)对肺内软组织信号的探测能力。方法 应用胸部放射学体模和X线摄影统计学体模摄取ES-CR和DR影像,由6位放射科医师用5等级判别法各自独立阅读影像,编写程序对观察结果进行受试者操作特性曲线(ROC)分析。收集28例病理证实小肺癌患者的胸部DR影像和ES-CR影像,由3位放射科医师一起做出诊断,分析其真阳性率的差异性。结果 体模影像的ROC分析,ES-CR和DR的 Az 值分别为0.727和0.827,差异有统计学意义( Z =2.96, P<0.05)。28例小肺癌两成像系统的差异也有统计学意义(χ²=5.14, P<0.05)。结论 用DR诊断的真阳性率要高于ES-CR。ES-CR对胸部软组织信号的检出能力尚不如DR。     

Evaluation of usefulness of color digital summation radiography for solitary pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of novel color digital summation radiography (CDSR) for detecting solitary pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs by observers with different levels of experience. Materials and methods A total of 30 healthy controls and 30 patients with newly detected solitary pulmonary nodules were evaluated. Six radiologists and five residents evaluated three image sets: set A, current and prior radiographs only; set B, set A with temporal subtraction images; and set C, set A with CDSR. The observers were asked to rate each image set using a continuous rating scale. In addition, the reading time required for each set was recorded. Results The radiologists showed no significant differences in the mean A_z value between set A, set B, and set C. However, the residents showed significant differences between set A and set B and between set A and set C. In addition, for set B and set C, the mean reading time per case of all readers was significantly shorter than that for set A. Conclusion The detection capability of observers with little experience is comparable to that of experienced observers when reading radiographs with temporal subtraction images or with CDSR. The usefulness of CDSR is comparable to that of temporal subtraction.     

Clinical results of CsI-detector-based dual-exposure dual energy in chest radiography

The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of digital chest radiography alone with digital chest radiography combined with dual-energy chest radiography in the detection of small non-calcified pulmonary nodules. Standard and dual-energy radiographs were obtained with a flat-panel digital chest system. Four radiologists reviewed digital posteroanterior chest radiographs in random order either alone or in conjunction with dual-energy soft tissue and bone images. Twenty patients with a total of 59 pulmonary nodules (median 0.5 cm, range 0.3 – 2.5 cm) confirmed by computed tomography (HU 100) were included. A level of confidence for each diagnosis was documented using a rating scale of 1–5. Brunner and Langer's test was performed for statistical analysis. Subgroup analysis was performed for nodules greater than 1 cm, 1–0.5 cm, and <0.5 cm. For posteroanterior chest radiography, sensitivity was 33%, positive predictive value 83%, specificity 81%, and negative predictive value 30%. Review in conjunction with dual-energy images resulted in a sensitivity of 42%, positive predictive value 88%, specificity 85%, and negative predictive value 34%. The increase of nodule detection overall as well as for different size categories was significant (p<0.05). The increase of the confidence level rating was also significant (p<0.001). Dual energy added to standard posteroanterior chest radiography significantly improves the sensitivity, specificity, and confidence in detection of small non-calcified pulmonary nodules.     

ROC Analysis of Detection of Metastatic Pulmonary Nodules on Digital Chest Radiographs with Temporal Subtraction

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors' purpose was to evaluate the effect of temporal subtraction on digital chest radiographs in the detection of metastatic pulmonary nodules. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 21 cases with metastatic pulmonary nodule and 21 cases without metastatic nodule. Eleven radiologists, including eight residents and three certified radiologists, provided their confidence levels for the presence or absence of pulmonary nodules without and with temporal subtraction. Their performances without and with temporal subtraction were evaluated by means of receiver operating characteristic analysis with both independent and sequential tests. RESULTS: For the independent test, the radiologists' Az (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) values were 0.871 without and 0.954 with temporal subtraction, compared with 0.882 and 0.955, respectively, for the sequential test. Diagnosis accuracy was significantly improved with the use of temporal subtraction. There was no significant difference in Az values between the independent and sequential tests. CONCLUSION: Temporal subtraction is useful in the detection of metastatic pulmonary nodules, and this technique augments the value of digital chest radiography.     

DR双能量减影在肋骨骨折中的诊断价值

目的：总结直接数字平板X线成像系统（digital panel radiography,DR）双能量减影（dual-energy subtraction）技术在胸部肋骨骨折中的诊断价值。方法：对46例患者进行DR双能量减影胸部后前位X线摄影检查,分别获得标准影像、骨组织像和软组织影像;对影像质量进行评价,并比较骨组织像和标准像图像对不同节段肋骨骨折的显示率。结果：46例患者共发现112处肋骨骨折,标准胸片对肋骨后段、腋段和前段骨折的显示率分别为94．1％、82．7％和92．3％,总的显示率为88．4％;而骨组织像对各段肋骨骨折的显示率为97．1％、98．1％和100％,总的显示率为98．2％。χ2=112,P=0．000。结论：双能量减影技术能明显提高肋骨骨折的显示率,在肋骨骨折的诊断中有重要价值。     

双能量减影数字X线摄影技术的应用

目的:用双能量减影数字X线摄影提高肺部小结节病变的检出率。方法:双能量减影摄影可以用两次曝光法和一次曝光法来完成。结果:双能量减影数字化胸部摄影技术作为胸部X线检查的一种辅助手段,它能有效的提高肺部小结节病变的检出率,并能增加鉴别诊断的依据。结论:直接数字化X线摄影(DR)的使用,使两次曝光法得以实行。由于两次曝光法能量差大,它产生的双能量减影图像上组织对比良好,图像信噪比高,比一次曝光法具有更明显的优势。     

DDR双能量减影普通胸片与骨组织像诊断肋骨骨折的价值

目的: 比较DDR系统双能量技术普通X线胸片与骨组织像对肋骨骨折的首诊检出率.材料和方法: 利用DDR系统的双能量减影技术对126例胸部创伤中高度怀疑伴发肋骨骨折的患者进行胸部X线平片检查.结果: 普通胸片对肋骨骨折的首诊总体检出率为94%,单根、多根及多根多发性肋骨骨折的检出率分别为91.7%、92.4%和80.8%.骨组织像对肋骨骨折的首诊总体检出率为98%,单根、多根及多根多发性肋骨骨折的检出率分别为100%、98.9%和96.1%.结论: DDR系统双能量减影X线成像技术的骨组织像明显提高肋骨骨折的诊断率(P<0.01),降低误诊率,尤其对无错位性肋骨骨折.     

Single exposure energy subtraction chest radiography--clinical survey on utility of bone image

The authors undertook a clinical study to determine the values and limitations of soft tissue subtracted image by dual-energy digital radiography. 573 patients were examined by dual-energy subtraction with a single exposure using computed radiography. Soft tissue subtracted image were found informative in 37 patients (6.5%) compared with non-subtraction image. It provided useful information about demonstrating calcification in pulmonary nodules, assessing the presence or absence of rib lesions, and excluding the possibility of pulmonary nodules.