经支气管镜肺活检病理证实隐源性机化性肺炎临床分析

隐源性机化性肺炎（COP）是一类以临床病理命名的间质性肺炎,COP是1985年Epler等^[1]提出的病理表现为肺泡内、肺泡管、呼吸性细支气管及终末细支气管腔内有肉芽组织形成的独立病种,又称特发性闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎（IBOOP）,近20年来报道逐渐增多,易与肺部感染、结核、肿瘤、结节病、其他间质性肺疾病等混淆,现将我院2007年至2008年收治的支气管镜肺活检（TBLB）获得病理证实的8例病例分析如下。     

隐源性机化性肺炎18例的临床病理特征

目的回顾分析经病理确诊的隐源性机化性肺炎临床、病理和影像学特征,以提高临床诊断水平。方法1993年4月至2005年10月在北京协和医院住院、经病理确诊的机化性肺炎23例,对其进行临床、影像学和病理学综合分析。结果23例机化性肺炎中5例为药物引起或合并结缔组织病,18例为隐源性机化性肺炎(cryptogen ic organ izing pneumon itis,COP)。其中10例经皮肺活检或经支气管肺活检,8例开胸肺活检或经胸腔镜肺活检,男8例,女10例,年龄(53.5±11.0)岁。气短、咳嗽及肺部爆裂音及湿性啰音是主要的症状和体征。肺功能显示限制性通气功能障碍(11例)及弥散障碍(18例)。胸部CT表现为磨玻璃样变(4例),肺实变(13例)伴支气管充气征(3例),胸腔积液(4例)。支气管肺泡灌洗液中淋巴细胞占细胞总数的0.40±0.16,中性粒细胞为0.15±0.08,嗜酸粒细胞为0.05±0.03;CD4/CD8为0.43±0.21。所有患者均给予糖皮质激素治疗。16例患者经随诊(8.67±6.21)个月仍存活,临床缓解或病情稳定。1例患者对糖皮质激素反应差,死于进行性加重的呼吸衰竭。另1例患者糖皮质激素治疗后出现肺部感染,死于感染性休克。结论临床表现及影像学特征对COP的诊断有一定的提示作用,但确诊需依靠病理检查。经皮肺活检或经支气管镜肺活检结合支气管肺泡灌洗液检查,对临床诊断隐源性机化性肺炎有较高的价值。     

隐源性机化性肺炎1例

患者男性,57岁,主因"乏力,低热及咳嗽1年余,胸闷、气短伴咳嗽、咳痰1月余"于2010年3月24日就诊.患者于1年前无明显诱因出现乏力,发热及咳嗽,初期体温为38.0℃左右,偶咳,于院外给予抗感染治疗,疗效不佳,反复发作.患者诉有长期于阴暗潮湿环境居住史.血免疫全项检查均阴性,BALF查抗酸杆菌阴性,肺功能检查为限制性通气障碍.     

隐源性机化性肺炎10例临床分析

隐源性机化性肺炎(cryptogenic organizing pneumonia,COP)指原因不明的机化性肺炎,属闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎(bronchiolitis obliterans organizing,BOOP)中的一种,即特发性BOOP。由于COP在临床少见,临床表现及影像学改变等无明显特异性,常易误诊。近年来随着临床医师对COP警惕性提高、胸部高分辨率CT(HRCT)的广泛使用及     

闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎

闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎 ( Bronchhiolitis obliteranswith organizing pneumonia简称 BOOP)是 1985年由 Epler、Colby等所提倡的新的一个疾病概念 ,病理组织学是以闭塞性细支气管炎并伴有程度不同的机化性肺炎为特点的间质性肺病 ,临床上应用肾上腺皮质激素治疗反应良好。甚至可获得完全缓解。1　 BOOP的认识过程[1 ,2 ]Epler与 Colby于 1983年以“闭塞性细支气管炎的疾病谱”为题的专论中提出了 BOOP这一新的病名。但直到 1985年两氏才正式报道以 BOOP命名的 5 0例病理组织及临床表现的特点。自从提出本病以来 ,逐渐得到了…     

闭塞性细支气管炎性机化性肺炎

本文就近１０余年来有关闭塞性细支气管炎性机化性肺炎的资料，特别是对于其诊断、治疗和预后等问题作一简介。     

隐源性机化性肺炎9例临床分析

目的探讨隐源性机化性肺炎(cryptogenic organized pneumonia,COP)的临床、病理和影像学特征以及治疗。方法回顾性分析9例COP患者的临床、病理、影像学特点及其治疗转归。结果患者多有咳嗽、呼吸困难等症状,体检多可闻及湿啰音,少数呈爆裂音;实验室检查示外周血白细胞、C-反应蛋白、血沉异常,肺功能示限制性通气功能障碍和(或)弥散功能障碍。胸部HRCT主要表现为实变影。所有患者均由肺部病灶病理确诊,经糖皮质激素治疗好转,随访3月至12月,病情控制良好。结论 COP临床表现缺乏特异性,易误诊为肺部感染或肿瘤,抗感染治疗效果差,而糖皮质激素治疗有效,应及早获得病理学证据指导诊疗。     

闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎的临床分析

目的探讨闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎（BOOP）的临床、影像学及相应的病理特点,提高对BOOP的认识。方法回顾性分析63例BOOP患者的临床资料,总结其临床、影像学、实验室及病理特点。结果咳嗽、活动后气短、咳痰、乏力、吸气末闻及爆裂音为BOOP的主要临床表现,常规实验室检查无特异性,肺功能呈限制性通气功能障碍,弥散功能降低,高分辨胸部CT及病理检查具有特异性,多数患者对糖皮质激素治疗反应良好。结论闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎诊治困难,高分辨胸部CT和活体组织病理检查有助于提高闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎的诊断。     

8例闭塞性细支气管炎机化性肺炎的病理改变分析

闭塞性细支气管炎机化性肺炎(bronchiolkis obllterans with organizing pneumonia,BOOP)以闭塞性细支气管炎伴有程度不同的机化性肺炎为病理表现的一种临床病理综合征,为一少见疾病.其特征病理表现为:终末和呼吸性细支气管、肺泡囊、肺泡内出现成纤维细胞栓(fibroblastic plugs或称Masson小体),并有肉芽组织机化,其他病变包括肺泡腔内泡沫细胞、散在的中性粒细胞聚集和肺泡壁慢性炎症[1].     

隐源性机化性肺炎18例临床分析

目的 分析我院经活检确认的18例隐源性机化性肺炎患者,总结其在临床、治疗及预后方面的特点.方法 收集我院2008年1月至2012年10月间经肺活检证实的18例隐源性机化性肺炎患者的所有资料,回顾性分析本组患者的临床资料、易患因素、影像学表现、病理、实验室检查等的特点.结果 18例患者平均年龄（59±11）岁.本组18例患者临床症状主要为咳嗽、咳痰、胸闷、气短等呼吸系统症状,少数有盗汗、乏力、消瘦等全身症状.影像学表现多种多样,可有斑片影、实变影、磨玻璃样变影等,最初发病多以斑片影为主.肺功能表现为轻度限制性通气功能障碍,弥散功能受损.14例（77.8％）患者治愈,4例（22.2％）患者复发,对糖皮质激素效果较好.结论 隐源性机化性肺炎容易误诊为肺部感染,诊断需要综合临床-影像-病理三方面分析,病理具有早期指导治疗作用,但是本病预后良好.     

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia associated with sulfasalazine in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

Pulmonary toxicity and blood dyscrasias are rare side effects of sulfasalazine. Pulmonary pathology is variable, the most common being eosinophilic pneumonia with peripheral eosinophilia, and interstitial inflammation with or without fibrosis. We here present the case of a 68-year-old female patient treated for 6 months with sulfasalazine for rheumatoid arthritis. On laboratory examination, eosinophil count was 97×10³ mm³. Thorocoscopic biopsy was performed . Histopathologic diagnosis was bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP). This is the first case in the literature to present with sulfasalazine-induced BOOP in a patient with seronegative RA.Abbreviations BOOP Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia - DMARS Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs - RA Rheumatoid arthritis     

Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), as presentation of rheumatoid arthritis

We report a 65-year-old caucasian male, who presented criptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) as first manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis. The patient started with fever, myalgias and progressive dyspnea in October 2004. The chest X-ray (CXR) and high resolution computed tomographic scan (HRCT) showed diffuse alveolar exudates with air bronchogram in both the lungs. An open lung biopsy was done and the histological image was compatible with COP. Six months later, a diagnosis of RA was made. Treatment with oral methotrexate and etanercept was prescribed with improvement in symptoms, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Even though COP after the joint involvement is found more frequently in RA, in rare cases it could be the first manifestation of this illness.     

Nitrofurantoin-associated bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia: Report of a case

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia due to nitrofurantoin has rarely been reported and is associated with poor outcomes. A case of nitrofurantoin-associated bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia responsive to drug withdrawal and corticosteroids is presented.     

隐源性机化性肺炎2例报告并文献复习

目的探讨并提高对隐源性机化性肺炎（cryptogenic organizing pneumonia,COP）的认识和诊断治疗能力。方法对2例病理诊断明确的COP病例进行总结并复习文献,探讨COP的临床、病理、影像学特点。结果两例COP均为老年患者,亚急性起病,以发热伴呼吸困难为主要临床症状,均被误诊为CAP,影像学示：肺部呈多叶病变,病变呈游走性,形态多样,有实变影,磨玻璃影及索条影,临床症状与肺部体征及影像学严重程度不符,反复痰病原学检查无阳性发现,使用抗生素治疗无效,均行肺穿刺活检而明确诊断。糖皮质激素治疗有效,随访示预后好。结论临床表现及影像学特征对COP的诊断有一定的提示作用,但确诊需依靠病理检查。经皮肺活检或经支气管镜肺活检对诊断COP有较高的价值。     

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia in Korea

Abstract An analysis of the clinical features in 23 cases of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) in Korea is presented. Six were men and 17 were female, with a male-tofemale ratio of 1:2.4. Idiopathic BOOP was present in 18 of these patients, connective tissue disease-associated BOOP in five and all of them were females. The most frequent symptoms were dyspnoea and coughing in both groups; and crackles were the most prominent physical findings. Leukocytosis was observed in seven of the idiopathic BOOP group and all in the connective tissue disease-associated BOOP group. In most cases, FVC, FEV¹, diffusing capacity and arterial O₂ pressure were reduced. In roentgenographic study, patchy air space consolidation was the major finding and subpleural predominance was observed in the majority of patients in both groups. Migration of lesions were identified in only two patients with idiopathic BOOP. Steroid treatment was effective in all of idiopathic BOOP. In contrast to previous reports, an analysis of the 23 Korean BOOP patients showed several interesting points. First, a female predominance was observed. Second, migration of lesion was rare. Third, it did not show any different prognosis in patients with reticular pattern on roentgenogram compared with patients with patchy air space consolidation on roentgenogram. Whether these differences were due to ethnic or environmental factors is to be determined.     

Lesion with morphologic feature of organizing pneumonia (OP) in CT-guided lung biopsy samples for diagnosis of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP): a retrospective study of 134 cases in a single center

Background

Small biopsy samples are generally considered inconclusive for bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) diagnosis despite their potential to reveal organizing pneumonia (OP) pathologically, necessitating risky invasive tissue biopsy during surgery for reliable confirmation.

Objective

OP by CT-guided lung biopsy was to evaluate the role in the diagnosis of BOOP.

Methods

A retrospective review of 134 cases with the OP feature in the CT-guided lung biopsy samples between 2004 and 2011 at a single center was conducted. Diagnostic accuracy of OP by CT-guided lung biopsy and clinical-radiographic data alone were compared.

Results

After exclusion of 11 cases due to pathology with others besides OP and 15 cases for loss to follow-up, 108 were included. Of these, 95 cases and 13 cases were classified as BOOP and non-BOOP group, respectively. Among BOOP group, only 30 were initially diagnosed as BOOP according to the typical clinical and radiographic features. The other 65 cases with atypical features were diagnosed as BOOP mainly based on OP by CT-guided lung biopsy. Among non-BOOP group, one was misdiagnosed as BOOP, and others were not BOOP according to clinical and radiographic findings. Thus, OP by CT-guided lung biopsy produced a diagnostic accuracy of 87.96% (95/108), much higher than 31.25% (30/96) observed using clinical and radiographic data alone. Combined, these techniques produced diagnostic accuracy of 98.96% (95/96).

Conclusions

OP by CT-guided lung biopsy can be effectively used as the pathological evidence for BOOP diagnosis and reducing unnecessary surgery.     

闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎病因、发病机制及病理特点的认识

临床上对闭塞性细支气管炎伴机化性肺炎(BOOP)的诊断相对较低.随着近几年人们对BOOP认识的逐渐深入,此病的检出率逐年上升.本综述对该病的病因、发病机制及病理特点进行进一步认识及归纳.