皮肤真菌病患者郎格罕细胞和T细胞亚群的检测

应用一组单克隆抗体，ＡＢＣ法对３０例体（股）癣病人外用血及皮损的郎格率细胞和Ｔ细胞亚群进行检测，结果表明病人外周血细胞，皮损中ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＋细胞均高于正常对照（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．００１），细胞数目无明显改变（Ｐ＞０．０５），细胞在皮肤真菌病中可能递呈真菌抗原给Ｔ细胞。比率无明显改变（Ｐ＞０．０５），说明局部免疫功能基本正常。上述改变说明细胞免疫在皮肤真菌病的发病机理中起着重要作用。     

眼睑皮炎湿疹斑贴试验分析

目的：探讨斑贴试验在眼睑皮炎湿疹中的作用。方法：采用标准筛选系列抗原对122例眼睑皮炎湿疹进行斑贴试验,以同时期218例皮炎湿疹皮肤病作为对照组。结果：眼睑皮炎湿疹组斑贴试验有1项或1项以上阳性者60例,总阳性率为49．2％,与对照组相比有显著性差异（P＜0．01）;变应性眼睑皮炎湿疹患者的阳性率与对照组相比无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。阳性率较高的变应原是硫酸镍、对苯二胺、香料、橡胶Ⅳ、白降汞。结论：提出眼睑皮炎湿疹斑贴试验的必要性。     

488例湿疹患者皮内试验变应原检测分析

目的寻找云南地区湿疹患者主要的食物和吸入物过敏原。方法采用变应原皮内试验方法检测湿疹患者过敏原。结果488例湿疹患者吸入组变应原中以尘螨（72．5％）、屋尘（64．3％）阳性率最高；云南地区特有的变应原旱冬瓜花，其阳性率为33．2％；而食物组变应原以淡水鱼（72．7％）、海鱼（69．5％）阳性率最高。结论云南地区引起湿疹的主要变应原吸入组为尘螨、屋尘、蟑螂；食物组为淡水鱼、海鱼、虾，各主要变应原与湿疹患者年龄、性别无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。     

带状疱疹患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群及NK细胞分析

对５０例带状疱疹患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群及自然杀伤细胞（ＮＫ）用流式细胞仪进行检测,并与３０例正常人对照,结果带状疱疹组ＣＤ３下降不明显（Ｐ〉０．０５）,ＣＤ４下降明显（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＣＤ８明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８下降明显（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＮＫ细胞升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）,提示患者辅助性Ｔ细胞减少,抑制性Ｔ细胞增另,存在免疫抑制现象。     

昆明地区女性200例慢性湿疹和接触性皮炎斑贴试验结果分析

目的探讨昆明地区女性慢性湿疹和接触性皮炎的变应原分布特点及其相关性。方法对100例慢性湿疹和100例接触性皮炎患者进行斑贴试验。结果斑贴试验显示,慢性湿疹组病人的斑贴试验阳性率为44％,接触性皮炎组病人的斑贴试验阳性率为68％,P〈0．0l,显示两者之间有显著性差异;湿疹组阳性病例中一种变应原的阳性率为63．57％,两种及以上变应原阳性率为36．43％;接触性皮炎组阳性比例中1种变应原阳性率为82．53％,两种及以上变应原阳性率为17．47％,均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论 斑贴试验有助于明确慢性湿疹和接触性皮炎患者的接触变应原,其主要变应原不尽相同。     

色素障碍性皮肤病

２００１１１３２白癜风患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群和ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平变化的研究／汪新义（山东省皮防所）…／／临床皮肤科杂志．－２０００，２９（５）．－２５８～２６０ 采用 ＡＰＡＡＰ法和双抗体夹心 ＥＬＩＳＡ法，对１５０例自癜风患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群和可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）进行了检测。结果显示寻常型白癜风ＣＤ３＋、ＣＤ４＋细胞数和ＣＤ４＋／ＣＤ８＋比值均显著低于正常对照（Ｐ＜０．０１），ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ活性明显高于节段型白癜风和正常人（Ｐ＜０．００１，Ｐ＜０．０１）；节段型自癜风ＣＤ３…     

病毒性皮肤病

２００００７０６ 带状疱疹患者外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的检测／陈美娟（上海二医大仁济医院皮肤科）…／／中国综合临床．－１９９９，１５（４）．－３９３ 应用流式细胞仪测定了３２例患者和４５例健康对照组外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群。结果表明患者组ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８和ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８均显著低于正常对照组（均Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示带状疱疹患者存在细胞免疫功能低下，提高机体的细胞免疫功能，对带状疱疹的防治和预后起很大作用。表１参４（孙乐栋）２００００７０７ 眼睑带状疱疹并发角膜葡萄膜炎继发青光眼／王燕（江苏徐州市铁路医…     

110例手部湿疹斑贴试验临床分析

目的：探讨手部湿疹患者的潜在病因及其对常见的接触性致敏原的敏感性。方法：应用“瑞敏”斑贴试剂盒检测手部湿疹患者对常见接触性致敏原的敏感性。结果：受检的110例患者中有94例（85．45％）斑贴试验出现阳性反应,位列前5种最常见的致敏原分别为重铬酸钾、硫酸镍、氯化钴、芳香混合物和甲醛,从事某些特定职业的患者阳性率明显较高。男性患者中对苯二胺基质及秋兰姆混合物阳性检出率明显高于女性。结论：手部湿疹患者对接触性变应原的斑贴试验阳性率高,斑贴试验有助于明确手部湿疹患者的接触性致敏原。     

卡介菌多糖核酸对复发性单纯疱疹患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

应用卡介菌多糖核酸治疗３２例复发性单纯疱疹患者，对治疗前、后Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群进行了检测。结果显示治疗前ＯＫＴ８细胞比正常人增多（Ｐ＜０．０２），ＯＫＴ４／ＯＫＴ８比值下降（Ｐ＜０．００２），治疗结束后ＯＫＴ４细胞比治疗前增多（Ｐ＜０．０２），ＯＫＴ４／Ｔ８比值升高（Ｐ＜０．００５）。提示复发性单纯疱疹患者细胞免疫功能已受核抑制，卡介菌多糖核酸具有较显著的免疫恢复和调节作用，对皮损复发有较好的控制。     

异位性皮炎75例斑贴试验结果分析及临床意义

为了解我国异位性皮炎（AD）患者斑贴试验结果及临床意义，回顾性分析了我科10年来积累的75例AD患者斑贴试验结果，并与同期82例其他皮炎湿疹类皮肤病患者的斑贴试验结果进行比较，结果表明，75例AD患者中斑贴试验总阳性率38．67％（29／75），而对照组的总阳性率为76．80％（63／82），AD组患者斑贴试验总阳性率明显低于对照组（χ^2＝23。52，P＜0．001），AD患者斑贴试验抗原阳性百分比较高的依次为橡胶混合物IV（13．33％），白降汞（12．00％），橡胶混合物Ⅲ（9.33%),混合物II（8．00％），硫酸镍（8．00％），提示用标准抗原系列进行斑贴试验是确定AD患者外源性变应原的一项重要临床检测手段，AD的病因可能主要淡内源性。     

无锡市1065例皮炎湿疹类皮肤病的接触性变应原分析

目的 探讨无锡市皮炎湿疹类皮肤病患者的接触性变应原及其临床意义。 方法 斑贴试剂盒对门诊确诊的1065例皮炎湿疹类皮肤病患者进行斑贴试验,并对结果作统计学处理。 结果 斑贴试验总阳性率83.19%,性别、年龄差异无统计学意义。阳性率居前6位的变应原依次为重铬酸钾、氯化钴、硫酸镍、甲醛、卡巴混合物和芳香混合物。其中重铬酸钾和卡巴混合物的阳性检出率男性显著高于女性,硫酸镍和甲醛的阳性检出率女性显著高于男性,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。氯化钴的阳性检出率中青年组和老年组显著高于儿童组,硫酸镍的阳性检出率中青年组显著高于儿童组,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 重铬酸钾、氯化钴、硫酸镍、甲醛、卡巴混合物和芳香混合物是无锡市引起皮炎湿疹类皮肤病的主要变应原。     

Diagnostic value of the lymphocyte proliferation test in nickel contact allergy and provocation in occupational coin dermatitis

The lymphocyte proliferation test (LPT) was compared with the patch test in the diagnosis of nickel contact sensitivity. Of the 21 subjects with nickel contact allergy, the patch test detected 20 (95%). The subject remaining negative in the patch test was positive in the intradermal test. 18/21 subjects with nickel contact sensitivity were positive in the LPT, whereas in the control group 2/23 subjects were false positive. These results were obtained at nickel sulfate concentrations of less than 10 micrograms/ml, higher concentrations led to nonspecific lymphocyte stimulation. 3 nickel-sensitive cashiers with suspected coin contact-induced deterioration of their hand eczema were challenged by having them count nickel-containing coins daily for 15 min. 2 of them developed vesicular eczema on their palms and fingers in 2 to 3 days. The present results show that the LPT is a reliable additional test in the diagnosis of nickel contact sensitivity. Furthermore, provocation is a valuable procedure when assessing the relevance of nickel contact in occupational hand eczema in certain occupations.     

104例湿疹患者皮损处的细菌菌群分类及外周血T细胞亚群检测

目的：了解湿疹患细菌的菌群分类及体内细胞免疫功能的变化。方法：104例湿疹患作皮疹细菌培养和外周血T细胞亚群检测，并与25例健康体检的结果作对照。结果：湿疹组细菌分离阳性率明显高于对照组（P＜0．01），以金黄色葡萄球菌为最多见（70．2％）。T细胞亚群CD3、CD4／CD8，湿疹组均低于对照组（均为P＜0．01）。结论：湿疹患金黄色葡萄球菌的分离率较高，且T细胞亚群CD3、CD4／CD8降低。     

Environmental contact factors in eczema and the results of patch testing Chinese patients with a modified European standard series of allergens

Environmental contact factors in eczema were investigated in China by clinical questionnaire and patch testing patients with a modified European standard series of allergens. 217 consecutive eczema patients were studied. Contact dermatitis (CD) was clinically diagnosed in 30% of the patients. Among the patients patch tested, 46 patients had clinically diagnosed allergic CD (ACD), 20 patients clinically had non-ACD (NACD) (including 16 cases of irritant contact dermatitis, 1 case of phototoxic contact reaction and 3 cases of asteatotic eczema) and 115 patients had clinically suspected ACD. 45 patients (98%) in the ACD group went on to have relevant patch test results. The most common ACD was from metals, fragrance materials, cosmetics and rubber materials. The most common contact allergens identified were nickel, fragrance mix, para-phenylenediamine (PPD), carba mix and thimerosal. No adverse reactions were observed to patch testing, except for pruritus in patch-test-positive patients. The positive rate of patch testing in ACD was much higher than that in NACD (98% versus 15%, P < 0.05, chi(2)-test). 60 (28%) patients had facial dermatitis (FD). Among these, 20 (33%) were confirmed as having ACD. 48 (22%) patients had hand dermatitis (HD). Among these, 7 (15%) were confirmed as having ACD. Fewer patients were confirmed as having ACD in the HD group than in the FD (15% versus 33%, P < 0.05, chi(2)-test). Although the difference was not significant, the total positivity rate in the HD group (55%) was lower than in the other groups. 65 (30%) patients had unclassified endogenous eczema (UEE). The total positive rate of patch testing in the UEE group (56%) was no different from that in the FD or HD groups. However, the relevance of positive patch tests was hard to determine in UEE. These results indicate that CD is common in eczema; relatively more patients with FD have ACD, while other factors, such as irritation, may play more of a role in HD. The total positive rate of patch testing in the UEE group was no different from that in the FD or HD groups, suggesting that patch testing should be stressed in UEE and the relevance of positive patch test results in UEE should be studied further. It is effective and safe to patch eczema patients with a modified European standard series of allergens in China.     

瑞敏系列和TURE TEST系列斑贴试剂检测结果比较

目的分析瑞敏系列(R)和TURE TEST系列(T)斑贴试剂检测结果及一致性。方法分别用这两个系列斑贴试剂检测196例慢性湿疹和接触性皮炎患者,对其检测结果进行比较。结果瑞敏系列和TURE TEST系列斑贴试剂对各变应原检测阳性率不完全相同,它们检测常见变应原种类均与国内已有报道类似;两个系列中相同的16种变应原的检测反应强度一致性较好,检测的阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两个系列斑贴试剂的一致性较好,临床上可根据患者情况选择应用。     

317例斑贴试验结果分析

目的：探讨皮炎,湿疹类皮肤病接触性病因及发生规律。方法：用辨敏牌标准筛选斑贴试验试剂盒对患者做斑贴试验。结果：317例患者中阳性者218例,阳性率68．77％,其中湿疹,皮炎,荨麻疹的阳性率明显高于其他病种,痤疮,丘疹性荨麻疹,唇部色素沉着亦有阳性结果。结论：斑贴试验对皮炎,湿疹类皮肤病有确定的指导,防治意义,对某些不典型的皮肤病,如寻常痤疮,丘疹性荨麻疹,唇部色素沉着等应做斑试,以排除接触过敏的可能。     

Patch testing is a useful investigation in children with eczema

Background. Allergic contact dermatitis in children is less recognized than in adults. However, recently, allergic contact dermatitis has started to attract more interest as a cause of or contributor to eczema in children, and patch testing has been gaining in recognition as a useful diagnostic tool in this group. Objectives. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the results of patch testing of selected children with eczema of various types (mostly atopic dermatitis) attending the Sheffield Children's Hospital, and to assess potential allergens that might elicit allergic contact dermatitis. Patients and methods. We analysed retrospectively the patch test results in 110 children aged between 2 and 18 years, referred to a contact dermatitis clinic between April 2002 and December 2008. We looked at the percentages of relevant positive reactions in boys and girls, by age groups, and recorded the outcome of treatment following patch testing. Results. One or more positive allergic reactions of current or past relevance was found in 48/110 children (44%; 29 females and 19 males). There were 94 allergy‐positive patch test reactions in 110 patients: 81 had a reaction of current or past relevance, 12 had a reaction of unknown relevance, and 1 had reaction that was a cross‐reaction. The commonest allergens with present or past relevance were medicaments, plant allergens, house dust mite, nickel, Amerchol® L101 (a lanolin derivative), and 2‐bromo‐2‐nitropropane‐1,3‐diol. However, finding a positive allergen was not associated with a better clinical outcome. Conclusions. We have shown that patch testing can identify relevant allergens in 44% of children with eczema. The commonest relevant allergens were medicament allergens, plant allergens, house dust mite, nickel, Amerchol® L101, and 2‐bromo‐2‐nitropropane‐1,3‐diol. Patch testing can be performed in children as young as 2 years with the proper preparation.     

652例过敏性皮肤病斑贴试验变应原分析

目的:分析我院过敏性皮肤病患者常见的接触性变应原.方法:回顾性分析我院门诊652例行斑贴试验的过敏性皮肤病患者资料,包括接触性皮炎249例、面部皮炎158例、湿疹87例、激素依赖性皮炎64例、特应性皮炎51例、唇炎43例,并对斑贴试验结果及不同年龄、性别阳性率进行比较分析.结果:斑贴试验总阳性448例(68.71％)....     

Outcome of a second patch test reading of TRUE Tests® on D6/7

Background. Two readings of patch test reactions are recommended. Objectives. To evaluate the outcome of a second patch test reading of TRUE Test® allergens on D6/7 in relation to negative or doubtful reactions on D3/4. Methods. This was a retrospective investigation of patch test data from January 1992 to October 2011 from consecutive eczema patients tested with the TRUE Test® panels. Results. In the period of nearly 20 years, a total of 9997 patients were tested. The total number of positive reactions to the 29 allergens was 6509; 4.4% were positive on D6/7 and negative on D3/4; and 9.1% were positive on D6/7 after a doubtful (?+) reaction on D3/4. Neomycin was the most frequent allergen giving delayed positive reactions (57%), followed by budesonide (42%) and hydrocortisone‐17‐butyrate (31%). Conclusion. A total of 4.4% of positive TRUE Test® reactions would be missed, and 9.1% might be missed, if only one reading was performed on D3/4. The results emphasize that many doubtful reactions at D3/4 may develop into positive reactions at a later reading. This may have important implications for evaluation of the clinical relevance of the test result.     

Comparison of Personal History with Patch Test Results in Metal Allergy

In order to compare the validity of patient personal history of contact sensitivity to metal alloys with patch test results, 160 patients with hand eczema were patch tested with a standard series according to the ICDRG after a special questionnaire. In 65%, history and patch test results were identical. Seventy-eight (48.8%) patients thought they would be allergic to metal ions, whereas the patch test revealed a positive result in only 21.3% cases. Positive history but negative test was more frequent in women; in the male group, negative history and positive patch test was the most common finding. Although 82 patients had a negative history, the patch test was positive for contact sensitivity to metal allergens in 12 of them. Both false positive patch tests and false negative histories are possible. Since many factors influence a positive patch test, not only the patient's history but also a synopsis of the anamnesis and patch testing will help to achieve the correct diagnosis of metal contact hypersensitivity.