非药品冒充药品问题的成因分析及对策

目的为非药品冒充药品的监管提供对策。方法介绍非药品冒充药品的形式,分析非药品冒充药品的危害及原因。结果与结论建议修改《药品管理法》对＂药品＂的定义,完善法律责任,并加强各相关部门的协调配合。     

34种待选药物诱变性预测及分子结构基础分析

CASE (computer automated structure evaluation)系统是一种根据化学物质结构预测其诱变性或致癌性的计算机辅助系统,本文介绍了一种可在IBM 286微机上运行的CASE系统,通过对数千种已知生物活性的化学物质结构的综合分析,建立了与活性有关的局部结构(片段)数据库和知识库,并对34种待选药物Ames试验作了预测,与文献报道基本一致(96.4％);同时也对其分子基础作了分析,由于CASE的预测程序是由计算机完成的,速度极快,因此是设计和筛选低毒药物有效的辅助方法,并可为进一步选择生物学检测方法提供参考。     

Virtual screening identification of nonfolate compounds, including a CNS drug, as antiparasitic agents inhibiting pteridine reductase

Folate analogue inhibitors of Leishmania major pteridine reductase (PTR1) are potential antiparasitic drug candidates for combined therapy with dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitors. To identify new molecules with specificity for PTR1, we carried out a virtual screening of the Available Chemicals Directory (ACD) database to select compounds that could interact with L. major PTR1 but not with human DHFR. Through two rounds of drug discovery, we successfully identified eighteen drug-like molecules with low micromolar affinities and high in vitro specificity profiles. Their efficacy against Leishmania species was studied in cultured cells of the promastigote stage, using the compounds both alone and in combination with 1 (pyrimethamine; 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-ethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine). Six compounds showed efficacy only in combination. In toxicity tests against human fibroblasts, several compounds showed low toxicity. One compound, 5c (riluzole; 6-(trifluoromethoxy)-1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylamine), a known drug approved for CNS pathologies, was active in combination and is suitable for early preclinical evaluation of its potential for label extension as a PTR1 inhibitor and antiparasitic drug candidate.