Reliability and validity of panoramic ultrasound for muscle quantification

This study examined the reliability and validity of using customized templates to acquire panoramic ultrasound (US) images for determining cross-sectional area (CSA) and volume in the vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), medial gastrocnemius (MG) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG). Panoramic US and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were analyzed by two trained investigators. The inter-experimenter reliability (coefficient of variation [CV]) of panoramic US ranged from 2.4% to 4.1% and the intraclass correlation (ICC) ranged from 0.963 to 0.991, whereas the inter-experimenter CV of MRI ranged from 2.8% to 3.8% and the ICC from 0.946 to 0.986. Bland-Altman plots demonstrated high agreement between US and MRI; however, values obtained from MRI were systematically larger than those obtained from US. The present results indicate that using a customized US template provides reliable measures of leg muscle CSA and, thus, could be used to characterize muscle CSA and volume.     

Atrophy of individual thigh muscles measured by MRI in older adults with knee osteoarthritis: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe characteristics of thigh-muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) in older adults with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) remain controversial.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate atrophy of individual thigh muscles in older adults with KOA and to determine which muscle CSA should be measured to detect KOA-related muscle atrophy of the thigh.MethodsIn older adults, individual thigh-muscle CSA measured by 1.5 Tesla MRI was analyzed at 5% intervals of the femoral length (FL) around the mid-thigh between the proximal 25% of the FL and the distal 25%. Participants with KOA grade ≤ 1 and grade ≥ 2 were compared for ratios of quadriceps muscle (QM) CSA to total thigh, individual QM CSA to QM, and individual hamstring (HAM) CSA to HAM at 5% intervals.ResultsWe included 40 older adults [20 males; mean (SD) age 73.3 (4.7) years; 20 with KOA grade ≤ 1 and 20 with KOA grade ≥ 2]. The ratio of vastus medialis (VM) CSA to QM from the proximal 25% to distal 15% and the ratio of semi-membranosus (SM) CSA to HAM at the distal 10% to 25% were significantly lower with KOA grade ≥ 2 than grade ≤ 1; the effect sizes were 0.34 to 0.67 for VM and 0.40 to 0.60 for SM. The effect sizes were greatest for the ratios of VM CSA to QM at the mid-thigh with 5% intervals and the ratio of SM CSA to HAM at the distal 25%.ConclusionsThe ratio of VM CSA to QM and/or that of SM CSA to HAM were low and were the best indicators to detect KOA-related muscle atrophy of the thigh. However, to detect KOA-related muscle atrophy, the VM CSA ratio should be analyzed in the thigh region around the mid-thigh, whereas the SM CSA ratio should be analyzed in the thigh region at the muscle belly.     

健康国人嗅球体积MRI测值及其与年龄和嗅觉功能的相关性

目的 探讨MRI测量嗅球(OB)体积的可行性,观察健康国人OB体积随年龄增长的演变规律和与嗅觉功能的相关性。方法 随机选择103名右利手健康志愿者,采用1.5T临床型MR系统行全脑扫描,在冠状位以手绘法测量OB体积。采用Sniffin' Sticks方法检测嗅觉功能,包括嗅觉阈值、嗅觉辨别和嗅觉识别,计算嗅觉总评分(TDI)。结果 男性左、右侧OB体积平均值分别为(88.66±29.36)cm³和(92.54±30.63)cm³,女性左、右侧OB体积平均为(74.84±19.34)cm³和(72.63±20.71)cm³;男性和女性两侧OB体积差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。左、右侧OB体积与年龄均呈负相关(左侧:r=-0.24,P=0.02;右侧:r=-0.28,P=0.01)。左、右侧OB体积分别与同侧TDI评分呈正相关(左侧:r=0.21,P=0.03;右侧:r=0.22, P=0.02);右侧THR和ID评分与同侧OB体积也具有相关性(THR:r=0.19,P=0.04;ID:r=0.19,P=0.04)。结论 采用1.5T临床型MR仪可清晰显示和准确测量OB体积;国人OB体积随年龄增大而逐渐减小,并与相应嗅觉功能具有相关性。     

3.0T MR相位对比法评价法洛四联症根治术后肺动脉反流与右心室容量及收缩功能关系

目的 通过3.0T相位对比磁共振(PC-MRI)定量测量法洛四联症(TOF)术后远期患者的肺动脉反流程度,并与超声心动图结果进行分析,评价肺动脉反流与右心室容量及收缩功能的关系.方法 对42例TOF根治术后患者于1个月内先后接受超声心动图及心脏MR检查.以PC-MRI测量肺动脉反流分数(PRF),分为轻度、中度、重度;对PC-MRI所见与超声心动图测量的PRF程度进行相关分析.比较不同PRF程度间右心室舒张末容积指数(RV-EDVI)、右心室收缩末容积指数(RV-ESVI)、右心室射血分数(RVEF)的差异.结果 PC-MRI与超声心动图显示的肺动脉反流严重程度呈正相关(rs=0.606,P＜0.001).轻度、中度及重度PRF组RV-EDVI中位数分别为89.45、108.05及133.50 ml/m2(x2=12.530,P=0.002),RV-ESVI中位数分别为50.40、64.85及81.30 ml/m2(x2=13.173,P＜0.01),但三组间RVEF差异均无统计学意义(x2=0.032,P＞0.05).结论 3.0T PC-MRI测量肺动脉反流严重程度与超声心动图有良好相关性.RV-EDVI及RV-ESVI与肺动脉反流程度密切相关;随反流严重程度加重,RV-EDVI及RV-ESVI增大,而RVEF保持稳定.