高密度自体毛发移植治疗脂溢性秃发的疗效观察

目的 探讨应用高密度显微外科毛发移植技术,综合移植多种微小型毛胚,治疗脂溢性秃发的临床效果.方法 切取患者头发生长浓密的枕、颞部头皮作为毛发移植供体,5倍专用手术显微镜下分离毛囊,制成多种微小移植毛胚,以三棱针、微型刀片和卵圆形打孔器在受区打孔,用显微外科移植镊,由前向后顺序将移植毛胚植入受区孔隙,术后定期随访.结果 32例脂溢性秃发,移植毛发的平均成活率为90%,Ⅰ期手术后患者满意度为81%,6例不满意患者行Ⅱ期手术后均达到了满意的治疗效果.随访12～24个月,毛发生长自然、密集,发质良好无脱落.结论 应用高密度显微毛发移植技术,综合移植多种微小型毛胚,具有手术时间短、植发密度高、覆盖效果好等优点,大部分患者Ⅰ期手术后即可获得满意的治疗效果.     

高密度自体毛发移植治疗脂溢性秃发的疗效观察

目的 探讨应用高密度显微外科毛发移植技术,综合移植多种微小型毛胚,治疗脂溢性秃发的临床效果.方法 切取患者头发生长浓密的枕、颞部头皮作为毛发移植供体,5倍专用手术显微镜下分离毛囊,制成多种微小移植毛胚,以三棱针、微型刀片和卵圆形打孔器在受区打孔,用显微外科移植镊,由前向后顺序将移植毛胚植入受区孔隙,术后定期随访.结果 32例脂溢性秃发,移植毛发的平均成活率为90%,Ⅰ期手术后患者满意度为81%,6例不满意患者行Ⅱ期手术后均达到了满意的治疗效果.随访12～24个月,毛发生长自然、密集,发质良好无脱落.结论 应用高密度显微毛发移植技术,综合移植多种微小型毛胚,具有手术时间短、植发密度高、覆盖效果好等优点,大部分患者Ⅰ期手术后即可获得满意的治疗效果.     

高密度自体毛发移植治疗脂溢性秃发的疗效观察

目的 探讨应用高密度显微外科毛发移植技术,综合移植多种微小型毛胚,治疗脂溢性秃发的临床效果.方法 切取患者头发生长浓密的枕、颞部头皮作为毛发移植供体,5倍专用手术显微镜下分离毛囊,制成多种微小移植毛胚,以三棱针、微型刀片和卵圆形打孔器在受区打孔,用显微外科移植镊,由前向后顺序将移植毛胚植入受区孔隙,术后定期随访.结果 32例脂溢性秃发,移植毛发的平均成活率为90%,Ⅰ期手术后患者满意度为81%,6例不满意患者行Ⅱ期手术后均达到了满意的治疗效果.随访12～24个月,毛发生长自然、密集,发质良好无脱落.结论 应用高密度显微毛发移植技术,综合移植多种微小型毛胚,具有手术时间短、植发密度高、覆盖效果好等优点,大部分患者Ⅰ期手术后即可获得满意的治疗效果.     

提高毛囊移植成活率的临床应用

目的:毛发移植术是通过手术使毛囊重新分布它并不是毛囊的再生,因此每个毛囊对于脱发患者来说都异常珍贵。本文通过探讨毛发移植手术方式、方法和术后治疗,以提高移植毛囊的成活率。方法:采用毛囊单位提取器于后枕部优势供区提取毛发,在6倍的显微镜下分离成毛囊单位移植物并存储于4℃的生理盐水中,无创性移植于术区,术后对症治疗。结果:对本院2014年3月-2016年1月接诊的90例雄激素性脱发(androgenic alopecia,AGA)患者通过本方法治疗,随访4~18个月,毛发移植成活率达96%,高于一般成活率(90%),术后毛发生长方向自然,外形良好。结论:通过在手术过程中及术后采用上述方法进行操作,可提高移植毛发的成活率,这对于脱发患者来说具有重要意义,值得在临床中推广。     

打孔同步植入毛囊单位法治疗烧伤后瘢痕性脱发

目的 了解打孔同步植入毛囊单位法治疗烧伤后瘢痕性脱发的效果. 方法 2002年1月-2008年4月,2家笔者单位应用打孔同步植入毛囊单位技术,治疗166例患者共217个烧伤后瘢痕性脱发区域.根据移植需求量,于枕、颞部切取相应的含有完整毛发的头皮组织条,在显微镜或放大镜下分割成一定数量含1～3根毛发的毛囊单位.根据所需移植物大小,选用相应型号的注射针头于瘢痕脱发区内制备孔洞,在针头退出的同时,植入制备好的毛囊单位.对I期术后毛发密度不满意患者,半年后行Ⅱ期毛囊单位移植.l期术后即刻,随意选择10例患者共10个边界清晰的受区,肉眼观测毛囊单位移植密度及移植毛发数量;后期随访时,肉眼观测这10个受区的毛发成活数量,计算毛发成活率.另对患者术后满意度进行问卷调查. 结果 83例患者I期手术完成治疗,另83例患者Ⅱ期手术完成治疗.I期术后毛囊单位移植密度达15～25个/cm~2,移植毛发数量为40～70根/cm~2.所有患者术后随访8个月以上,移植毛发生长自然、良好.I期手术后选定的10个观察区(受区)毛发平均成活率为96.5%.仅行I期手术的患者术后非常满意者61例占73.5%,满意者22例占26.5%.Ⅱ期手术患者非常满意者76例占91.6%,满意者7例占8.4%. 结论 打孔同步植入毛囊单位的移植技术安全,手术创伤小、出血少,术后伤口恢复快.应用该技术移植在瘢痕性受床上的毛发成活率高、生长良好.     

毛囊去皮分离法在毛发移植中的应用

目的：观察毛囊去皮分离法对毛发移植成活率的影响。方法：选择2018年1月-2018年4月笔者科室收治的48例接受自体毛发移植手术的雄激素性脱发（Androgenetic alopecia,AGA）男性患者为研究对象，毛囊分离过程中去除皮脂腺开口以上皮肤。术后评估毛囊脱落率、毛囊存活率及患者满意度。结果：术后，所有患者受区即刻外观良好，患者满意；术后2周，部分移植毛囊毛发脱落；术后3个月毛发脱落率为（45.26±0.99）%，无明显并发症；术后1年，移植毛囊成活率为（96.52±0.11）%，所有患者对手术效果满意。结论：在毛发移植中采用毛囊去皮分离法不影响毛囊的存活率，可防止受区术后出现“鸡皮疙瘩”外观，能够提高术后即刻患者的满意度，值得临床推广。     

颜面部皮肤扩张术后残缺的修复

目的:采用自体显微毛囊移植技术对接受颜面部皮肤扩张术治疗后出现毛发残缺的的患者进行进一步修复,以便获得更为满意的疗效。方法:运用自体显微毛囊移植技术进行部分或全部眉、胡须(含上、下唇、颏、下颌)再造修复,毛囊供区位于耳后或枕部头皮。上述治疗均在扩张术治疗半年以后进行。结果:运用自体显微毛囊移植技术进行部分或全部眉再造共10例13侧;胡须再造(含上、下唇、颏、面颊和下颌)12例,疗效满意。结论:采用自体显微毛囊移植技术对接受颜面部扩张术治疗后出现毛发残缺的患者进行进一步修复可以取得良好效果。     

微针在自体毛发移植中的应用

目的:本文将探讨一种手术创伤更小、术后恢复更快、种植密度更高、种植方向更容易控制的种植方法,分析微针种植的临床效果。方法:将200例植发患者随机分成2组,每组100例,一组用镊子种植,一组用微针种植,种植数量为1 806～4 612FUs。结果:两组术后均随访6个月～1年,200例患者最终毛囊成活率均可达约95%,且外观自然,种植的头发与原生发浑然一体,微针组种植密度较高,且术中渗血少、方向更自然。结论:微针种植手术创伤更小、种植密度更高、术后恢复更快、种植方向可控,值得在毛发移植临床中推广应用。     

FUE技术在大面积男性型脱发修复中的应用

目的:观察采用FUE技术对IV-VI级男性型脱发患者进行毛发种植的临床效果。方法:男性大面积脱发患者86例,IV级36例,V级38例,VI级12例。采用直径1mm的Follicular Unit Extraction(FUE)提取针获取后枕部供区毛囊,毛囊单位数约2 600~3 900毛囊单位(Follicular Units,Fus),采用1.2mm的宝石刀在发际线及顶部受区打孔,按毛发自然生长方向打孔并将毛囊植入孔内。结果:术后随访大于12个月,6例患者早期后枕部出现毛囊炎,经局部及全身抗炎治疗后治愈,未影响毛囊成活率;6例患者因密度不高进行了二次移植。患者毛囊成活率高,均达到90%以上,患者对术后效果均较满意。结论:采用FUE技术修复大面积男性脱发效果好,值得临床推广。     

FUE高密度毛囊单位移植治疗各部位毛发缺失的回顾性研究

目的:回顾性研究并分析毛囊单位移植术(FUE技术)治疗毛发缺失的应用效果。方法:采用FUE技术,选取患者耳后或者枕后区毛囊并提取毛囊单位,对所获得毛囊进行分离,去除多余的脂肪及表皮组织,然后将完整的毛囊单位高密度移植于患者的发际线、头皮瘢痕、眉毛、胡须、睫毛、阴毛等部位。结果:218例患者经过FUE手术均获得了满意的临床效果,外观自然,供区不遗留瘢痕。结论:FUE技术能够有效地治疗瘢痕及各种类型毛发缺失,手术创伤小,术后恢复快,外观自然美观,值得推广使用。     

提高毛发移植的覆盖率

目的探讨显微外科技术自体毛发移植的特点和方法,提高毛发移植成活的覆盖率。方法在较低温度(20°C)环境下,采用边切边缝方法取耳后或枕后毛发,在显微镜下分离成保留周围少量脂肪组织的毛囊族或单株,按需要移植部位不同进行不同的毛囊族或单株并套插的显微外科技术移植共31例。结果31例移植毛发后随访21例,随访时间6~38个月,移植后的毛发能基本覆盖无毛发区的皮肤和瘢痕,移植覆盖率较原来的移植方法提高33%,且外形自然,效果稳定。结论显微外科技术自体毛囊族状(微株小株)或单株移植,具有操作快、损伤小、低温保湿等特点,能较好地保留毛囊周围少量脂肪,在孔与孔的皮肤间隙内再用毛发移植针植入单株毛坯的“套插”移植,更有助于增加毛发覆盖率。     

FUT+FUE治疗大面积脱发60例

目的:探索一种治疗大面积脱发的理想方法。方法:分别用FUT(follicle unit transplantation)技术切取梭形头皮条,用FUE(follicle unit extraction)技术于枕部散在提取毛囊,然后分离毛囊周围多余组织,用宝石刀在脱发区打孔后,用移植笔将分离好的毛囊植入脱发区。结果:60例通过本方法治疗的患者均达到了理想的植发效果。结论:FUT+FUE治疗大面积脱发是一种较理想的方法,值得推广。     

国人自体头发移植术的研究

自１９８８年９月至１９９２年１２月，共已施行９８０次自体头皮打孔皮片头发移植术，主要用于供区发源充沛的脂溢性秃发和瘢痕性秃发者３９５例。根据国人的头发数量较白种人约少１／３，毛干呈直线型，以及头发与头皮色泽反差大等特点，采用了Ｌ形排列移植、圆皮片间插入半圆皮片，术后头皮文身及烫发等相应措施以提高疗效，并认为成人秃发适宜头发移植，而儿童则更适宜头皮扩张术。     

国人自体头发移植术的研究

自1988年9月至1992年12月,共已施行980次自体头皮打孔皮片头发移植术,主要用于供区发源充沛的脂溢性秃发和瘢痕性秃发者395例。根据国人的头发数量较白种人约少1/3,毛干呈直线型,以及头发与头皮色泽反差大等特点,采用了L形排列移植、圆皮片间插入半圆皮片,术后头皮文身及烫发等相应措施以提高疗效。并认为成人秃发适宜头发移植,而儿童则更适宜头皮扩张术。     

A Comparative Clinical and Histologic Study of Hair Transplantation Using Er:YAG, Er:YAG/CO2, and Standard Punch Techniques

BACKGROUND: This study compares the effects of Er:YAG laser alone, Er:YAG/CO2 laser at 5 W (low power), Er:YAG/CO2 at 10 W (high power), and standard punch techniques in 10 men with androgenetic alopecia. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and histologic features of hair transplantation with recipient graft defects created by a new hybrid Er:YAG and CO2 laser. METHODS: Ten male patients (mean age 34 y) with Norwood IV-VI androgenetic alopecia had hair replacement surgery with the recipient sites divided into four quadrants comparing cold stell, erbium, combined erbium low-power CO2, and combined erbium high-power CO2 technologies. Hair growth, intraoperative procedure, lateral thermal damage, and patient satisfaction were compared, utilizing each of the four stated technologies. RESULTS: The addition of CO2 laser at both low and high power settings resulted in improved hemostasis when compared with standard punch or Er:YAG laser alone. The mean hair counts were similar for the Er:YAG laser, Er:YAG/CO2 (5 W) laser, and standard punch at both 3 and 6 months after treatment. Lateral thermal damage was not significantly increased by the addition of low-power CO2 to Er:YAG. The addition of high-power CO2 (10 W) laser resulted in slightly lower mean hair counts at 3 months, but significantly decreased at 6 months (P =.05). Also, high-power CO2 laser caused significantly increased lateral damage. There were no detectable differences in hsp70 expression among the groups. CONCLUSION: The addition of 5 W CO2 laser to Er:YAG laser results in better hemostasis than Er:YAG laser alone, while not significantly diminishing mean hair counts or inducing increased lateral thermal damage.     

Methods to Overcome Poor Response and Challenges of Facial Laser Hair Reduction

Unwanted facial hair is a relatively common problem that can be emotionally distressing. Laser hair reduction has become the treatment of choice for removal of facial hair, replacing more traditional methods of hair removal. To achieve maximum treatment efficacy while minimizing side effects, clinicians must practice proper patient selection and counseling, proper laser procedure, and posttreatment care. The treatment parameters should be individualized for each patient depending on various factors. A favorable treatment outcome depends on three major factors: proper patient selection, use of a suitable laser system, and an experienced laser operator. The aim of this article is to review the factors responsible for possible poor outcomes of laser hair reduction in the facial area and to describe steps that should be followed to minimize side effects and enhance results following facial hair reduction by laser.     

Hairline aesthetics and styling in hair replacement surgery

Punch grafting and flap surgery are proven methods of correcting baldness. Using either method, the location and shape of a new hairline on the frontal and temporal scalp is one of the most important aspects of hair replacement surgery. If the hairline is not aesthetic, the results can be unacceptable or even devastating for the patient and surgeon alike. The principles of planning the frontal and temporal hairline are presented using punch grafts as well as flaps. Postoperative styling of the "new" hair will vary depending upon the method used to transfer the hair (flaps or grafts), the local factors involved (texture, direction, density, tufting, etc.), as well as the patient's preference. The various advantages and disadvantages of styling possibilities with each method are presented. These factors should be discussed with the patient preoperatively.     

自体毛囊种植修复鬓角缺损

目的:探索应用自体毛囊种植修复鬓角缺失的效果。方法:对67例患者,采用枕后安全区头皮,分离成含1～2个毛囊单位的移植物,利用针头穿刺打孔或植发器将毛发移植到缺损处以修复形态,每位患者每侧移植200～600个毛囊单位(U),植入密度为30～40U/cm2。结果:植入毛发生长良好,再造鬓角形态及方向与正常较为一致,效果满意。结论:自体毛囊移植可按设计形态种植修复鬓角形态,具有形态好,创伤小的特点,是修复小面积及形态不规则的鬓角缺损的最佳选择。     

Reconstruction of the temporal hairline

Reconstruction of the temporal hairline is usually discouraged because of unsuccessful results. A technique using punch hair grafts and micrografts is presented that has shown good cosmetic results.     

Treatment of radiation-induced alopecia

Radiotherapy is frequently employed in the management of head and neck neoplasia, either as an adjunct to surgery or as the sole treatment modality. Consequently, radiation alopecia—a well-known complication of high-dosage radiotherapy—is seen often. Longer patient survival, especially with earlier discovery of the malignancy and more refined treatment regimens, will provide the surgeon with the opportunity to treat radiation alopecia by means of the punch graft technique of hair transplantation. The technique is substantially similar to that employed in treating male pattern baldness, although the approach to the recipient and donor areas must be modified. A successful case report is documented and a modified approach is highlighted.