醒脑静对Aβ诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的保护作用及机制

目的探讨醒脑静对Aβ25~35诱导的人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的保护作用及其机制。方法建立Aβ25~35诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡模型;MTT法检测不同浓度醒脑静对Aβ25~35诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞增殖的影响;Annexin-V/PI流式细胞分析法检测不同浓度醒脑静对Aβ25~35诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡的影响;Western blot法检测细胞中线粒体凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2及Bax表达水平变化情况。结果 SH-SY5Y细胞经过Aβ25~35造模处理后,细胞形态由梭形变为方形,细胞大小固缩,数量减少,凋亡小体形成,凋亡模型构建成功;醒脑静可以促进Aβ诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞增殖;醒脑静可以抑制Aβ25~35诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡、下调Bax蛋白表达及上调Bcl-2蛋白表达抑制Aβ25~35诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞凋亡。结论醒脑静对Aβ25~35诱导的SHSY5Y细胞凋亡具有一定的保护作用,其机制可能是通过调节Bcl-2及Bax水平抑制细胞凋亡的发生。     

FoxM1抑制剂硫链丝菌素对髓母细胞瘤Daoy细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的 探讨FoxM1抑制剂硫链丝菌素对髓母细胞瘤Daoy细胞株增殖及凋亡的影响. 方法 体外常规培养髓母细胞瘤Daoy细胞株,CCK-8法检测0、1、1.5、2、3、5μmol/L硫链丝菌素作用24、48、72 h后细胞存活率的变化;实时定量聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、免疫印迹法分别检测0、1、1.5、2μmol/L硫链丝菌素作用48 h后细胞FxoMl mRNA和蛋白的表达,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期和凋亡,免疫印迹法检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax的表达. 结果 CCK-8检测显示不同浓度硫链丝菌素作用后Doay细胞存活率下降,且呈浓度和时间依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).24、48、72 h的IC50分别为(2.1±0.15)、(1.69±0.11)、(1.39±0.1)μmol/L; RT-PCR和免疫印迹实验显示,与0 μmol/L硫链丝菌素组比较,1、1.5、2μmol/L硫链丝菌素组细胞FoxMl mRNA及蛋白水平下降,G2/M期细胞细胞比例和凋亡率升高,凋亡蛋白bax表达增加,抗凋亡蛋白bcl-2表达减少,且均呈浓度依赖性,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05). 结论 FoxM1抑制剂硫链丝菌素可明显抑制Daoy细胞增殖,可能与阻滞细胞周期于G2/M期、改变bcl-2/bax表达诱发凋亡有关.     

siRNA沉默USP22基因对胶质瘤细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的探讨小干扰RNA(si RNA)沉默泛素特异性肽酶22(ubiquitin specific protease 22,USP22)对胶质瘤细胞增殖的影响和作用机制。方法合成USP22 si RNA及阴性对照si RNA(control si RNA),用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000转染至人胶质瘤U87和U251细胞,分别设为实验组和阴性对照组。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)和Western blot检测两组胶质瘤细胞USP22 mRNA和蛋白表达水平的变化。采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝比色法(MTT法)检测USP22 si RNA对两组胶质瘤细胞的增殖抑制率。流式细胞术定量检测USP22 si RNA对胶质瘤细胞凋亡及细胞周期分布的影响。Western blot检测胶质瘤细胞凋亡蛋白和周期调控蛋白的表达。结果与阴性对照组比较,实验组胶质瘤细胞中USP22 mRNA和蛋白表达显著下降(P0.05),细胞增殖明显受到抑制(P0.05),凋亡率明显上升(P0.05),细胞周期中G2/M期的细胞比例明显增高(P0.05)。Western blot结果显示:细胞凋亡蛋白Procaspase-3、Procaspase-8、Procaspase-9表达明显下降(P0.05);细胞周期蛋白CDK1、CDK2、Cyclin B1表达水平明显下降(P0.05),Cyclin D1表达水平无明显变化(P0.05)。结论 USP22基因在胶质瘤细胞的增殖中发挥重要作用,其机制可能为调节细胞凋亡和细胞周期。     

SH-SY5Y细胞α7神经型尼古丁受体基因沉默对突触相关蛋白的影响

目的研究神经母细胞瘤细胞(SH-SY5Y)α7神经型尼古丁受体基因(α7 nAChR)表达沉默后对细胞突触相关蛋白的影响,探讨α7 nAChR神经保护作用机制及在阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)的发病机制中的作用。方法用Real-time PCR法和蛋白免疫印迹(Western blot)法分别测定细胞中囊泡相关蛋白(synaptophysin)和突触后膜蛋白(PSD-95)mRNA蛋白表达水平的变化。结果α7 nAChR沉默组的突触相关蛋白PSD-95、SYPmRNA及蛋白表达都有明显的减少。结论沉默SH-SY5Y细胞α7 nAChR水平能够使细胞突触相关蛋白水平减少。这可能提示了α7 nAChR与细胞突触密切相关,并且α7 nAChR对突触有一定的保护作用,进一步说明α7nAChR在阿尔茨海默病的发病中起着重要作用。     

糖基化终末产物对SH-SY5Y细胞内质网应激的影响

目的研究糖基化终末产物(AGEs)对体外培养的神经母细胞瘤细胞(SH-SY5Y)内质网应激的影响,探讨AGEs在AD发病中的可能机制。方法以糖基化修饰的牛血清白蛋白(AGE-BSA)分别处理SH-SY5Y细胞0、12、24、48 h,蛋白质免疫印迹法检测内质网应激(ERS)相关蛋白GRP78、p-eIF2α、Caspase-12的表达水平。再将细胞随机分为正常对照组(NC组)、牛血清白蛋白对照组(BSA组)、AGE-BSA组、AGE-BSA+抗RAGE中和抗体组(RAGE-Ab组)、AGE-BSA+α-硫辛酸组(ALA组)、AGE-BSA+NADPH氧化酶抑制剂DPI组(DPI组)。蛋白免疫印迹法半定量检测各组细胞ERS相关蛋白表达水平变化,同样处理后用免疫荧光染色观察GRP78、p-eIF2α表达水平,应用活性氧荧光探针DCFH-DA检测各组细胞活性氧(ROS)水平。结果 AGE-BSA处理细胞24 h后免疫蛋白印迹可见GRP78、p-eIF2α出现表达高峰,同时荧光染色可见两者高水平表达,48 h后Caspase-12表达水平显著升高,且ROS水平达到NC组的6.95倍。与AGE-BSA组相比,RAGE-Ab组、ALA组、DPI组的ROS水平都有不同程度的降低(P<0.01),同时GRP78、p-eIF2α、Caspase-12的表达水平均有明显下调(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论 AGEs可诱导SH-SY5Y细胞ROS产生,并通过启动氧化应激及内质网应激对细胞造成损伤。     

β-淀粉样肽对人SH-SY5Y细胞突触素、发动蛋白Ⅰ及衔接蛋白180表达的影响

目的 探讨β-淀粉样肽(Aβ)对人SH-SY5Y神经母细胞瘤细胞突触素(Syn)、发动蛋白Ⅰ (Dyn Ⅰ)及衔接蛋白180(AP180)表达的影响。 方法 分别应用0.01、0.1、1、2及5μmol/LAβ1-42处理SH-SY5Y细胞,对照组细胞不加任何处理。MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,Western blotting 检测0.5、1μmol/L Aβ1-42处理组及对照组细胞Syn、DynⅠ和AP180蛋白表达,RT-PCR检测1 μmol/L Aβ1-42处理组及对照组细胞Syn、DynⅠ和AP180 mRNA表达。 结果 0.1 μmol/L Aβ1-42处理细胞即可出现细胞增殖率下降,并呈剂量依赖性负性相关关系,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05); 0.5 μmol/L Aβ1-42处理细胞可见DynⅠ蛋白表达降低,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);1 μmol/L Aβ1-42处理细胞可见Syn、DynⅠ蛋白及mRNA表达均降低,与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);但未见AP180蛋白及mRNA表达水平发生改变。 结论 Aβ1-42可引起人SH-SY5Y细胞Syn和DynⅠ表达降低,该改变可能与AD发病中学习记忆能力减退有关。     

LRG1通过抑制p38/MAPK通路的活化缓解Aβ1-42诱导SH-SY5Y细胞损伤

目的 探讨LRG1在Aβ1-42诱导阿尔茨海默病(AD)细胞模型中的作用和机制。方法 Aβ1-42处理SH-SY5Y细胞体外建立AD细胞模型。细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)检测细胞活性;实时荧光定量PCR(RTq PCR)检测LRG1转录水平;免疫印迹(Western blot)实验检测LRG1、Bcl-2和Bax蛋白以及p38磷酸化水平;流式细胞术(Flow Cyto Metry)实验检测细胞凋亡率。结果 Aβ1-42处理SH-SY5Y细胞显著降低了细胞活性,提高LRG1蛋白水平。沉默LRG1提高Aβ1-42诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞活性下降,抑制细胞凋亡;沉默LRG1逆转了Aβ1-42诱导Bcl-2和Bax蛋白水平的变化;沉默LRG1抑制Aβ1-42诱导p38的磷酸化水平。另外,U-46619(p38特异性激活剂)逆转了LRG1沉默对Aβ1-42诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞损伤的保护作用。结论 LRG1沉默通过抑制p38/MAPK信号通路的激活缓解Aβ1-42诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞损伤。     

SH-SY5Y神经细胞APP高表达对胆碱酯酶活性影响

目的研究类阿尔茨海默病(AD)神经细胞模型中APP异常代谢下胆碱酯酶活性变化,探讨AD的发病机制。方法采用脂质体转染法将含有瑞典家族性AD双突变的淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白APP670/671基因(APPSWE)转染至神经母细胞瘤细胞(SH-SY5Y)中;利用实时荧光定量PCR方法和Western blotting的方法测定APPmRNA、可溶性APP(αAPPs)和总APP蛋白表达水平;采用改进的Ellman比色法测定细胞培养基中乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase,AChE)及丁酰胆碱酯酶(Butyrylcholinesterase,BuChE)活性。结果转染APPSWE质粒的SH-SY5Y细胞APP总mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著升高,αAPPs分泌量下降。转染组SH-SY5Y细胞与对照组相比,AChE和BuChE活性都升高。结论体外神经细胞实验证明APP蛋白过度表达能升高AChE和BuChE的活性,其机制可能与APP蛋白代谢紊乱使Aβ升高及下调αAPPs分泌有关。     

蛋白激酶D1对Aβ诱导的SH-SY5Y神经细胞损伤的调节作用

目的探究蛋白激酶D1(PKD1)对β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的阿尔茨海默病(AD细胞模型的调节作用和分子机制。方法分别以0、10、20、30、40、50μmol·L~(-1)的Aβ25-35处理SHSY5Y细胞24 h,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,MTT检测细胞活力,蛋白印迹法(Western blotting)检测PKD1蛋白水平变化。在AD细胞模型中分别过表达和干扰PKD1,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和活性氧(ROS),Western blotting检测凋亡相关蛋白(B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(Bcl-2)和B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-xl(Bcl-x L))、磷酸化c-Jun氨基末端激酶(P-JNK)、磷酸化细胞外调节蛋白激酶(p-ERK 1/2)、磷酸化JAK激酶2(p-JAK2)、磷酸化信号传导及转录激活蛋白3(p-STAT3)及其下游靶基因c-Myc的蛋白水平变化。过表达PKD1同时添加10μmol·L~(-1) FLLL32(JAK2/STAT3通路抑制剂)处理AD细胞模型,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和ROS,Western blotting检测Bcl-2、Bcl-x L、P-JNK和P-ERK 1/2蛋白水平变化。结果 30μmol·L~(-1) Aβ25-35处理SH-SY5Y细胞,细胞存活率和凋亡率分别约为70%和20%(P0.05),为构建AD模型的最适浓度。过表达PKD1抑制Aβ25-35诱导的细胞凋亡增加、ROS升高、Bcl-2和Bcl-x L蛋白表达下调、P-JNK和P-ERK1/2蛋白表达上调;干扰PKD1,加剧Aβ25-35对细胞的毒性作用。过表达PKD1,P-JAK2、P-STAT3和C-Myc蛋白表达上调;干扰PKD1,p-JAK2、p-STAT3和c-Myc蛋白表达下调。FLLL32处理抑制PKD1对AD细胞模型的作用。结论 Aβ诱导SH-SY5Y神经细胞中P-JAK2、P-STAT3表达下调和P-JNK和P-ERK 1/2表达上调。过表达PKD1可通过上调p-JAK2、p-STAT3的表达抑制P-JNK和P-ERK 1/2表达,缓解Aβ对细胞的毒性作用。     

链脲佐菌素对人神经母细胞瘤系SH—SYSY细胞生长的影响

目的 研究体外链脲佐菌素(STZ)对人神经母细胞瘤(SH-SY5Y)细胞生长以及SH-SY5Y细胞胰岛素信号转导通路相关蛋白表达的影响.方法 采用MTT测定法测定SH-SY5Y细胞活性,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出率测定法观察SH-SY5Y细胞生长情况;应用Western blot法检测胰岛素信号转导通路相关蛋白胰岛素受体-1(IRS-1)、磷脂酰肌醇激酶-3(PI3K)等的改变.结果 STZ与SH-SY5Y细胞共同孵育可抑制SH-SY5Y细胞生长,阻断胰岛素对SH-SY5Y细胞的促生长作用,且STZ抑制细胞生长呈明显的时间-剂量效应.随STZ浓度增加,LDH漏出率也增加.Western blot半定量分析发现IRS-1、PI3K表达减少.结论 体外STZ与SH-SY5Y细胞共孵育可能影响胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子-1信号转导系统对细胞的促生长作用.STZ与SH-SY5Y细胞共孵育可能作为体外胰岛素信号转导通路的一种细胞模型应用于某些神经药理学研究.     

Nicotine modulates expression of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid precursor-like protein 2 in mouse brain and in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells

Epidemiological studies indicate that tobacco smoking can be protective against neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The objective of the present study was to examine the changes in gene expression induced by chronic oral nicotine administration (100 mug/ml in 2% saccharin for 14 days), with special emphasis on amyloid precursor protein (APP) and its homologue, amyloid precursor-like protein 2 (APLP2), in different brain regions of C57BL/6 mice using a pathway-focused microarray. Our results revealed that nicotine stimulated mRNA expression of APP in the amygdala (64%; P = 0.003) and hippocampus (32%; P = 0.034) and of APLP2 in the amygdala (39%; P = 0.002). These results were verified by quantitative real-time RT-PCR except that expression of APLP2 was also significantly upregulated by nicotine in the hippocampus. In addition, in vitro nicotine treatment of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells resulted in a significant increase in expression of APP protein, soluble APP, and APLP2, whereas co-treatment with mecamylamine (an antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors) attenuated the stimulating effect of nicotine on APP and APLP2 expression. These findings suggest that nicotine treatment facilitates the increase in the expression of mRNA and protein of the APP and APLP2 genes in rat brain and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.     

Dihydroactinidiolide regulates Nrf2/HO-1 expression and inhibits caspase-3/Bax pathway to protect SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells from oxidative stress induced neuronal apoptosis

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) etiology has been studied for a long time and it is found to be multifaceted involving the accumulation of amyloid β and tau protein. Oxidative stress is an early event in AD associated neurodegeneration provoking neuronal death through mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of caspase-3. Therefore we tested the efficacy of dihydroactinidiolide (DHAc), a monoterpene lactone against the oxidative load involved in AD like pathological conditions induced by sodium dithionite, glutamate, amyloid β and colchicine in SH-SY5Y cells. Some of the indicators of neurotoxicity like acetylcholinesterase activity, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitrite content, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, nuclear and membrane damage were found to be significantly high in the toxicant treated cells when compared to the control cells while DHAc pretreatment significantly restored the toxicant induced neuronal damage signatures. Caspase-3 activity was found to be increased in the toxicant treated cells while DHAc significantly reduced it. Western blotting and RT-PCR revealed that DHAc significantly increased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression and mRNA levels of Nrf2 and HO-1. Therefore DHAc was found to protect SH-SY5Y cells from neurotoxicant induced oxidative stress and apoptosis by regulating cellular antioxidant defenses and apoptosis related genes.     

Accumulation of the amyloid precursor-like protein APLP2 and reduction of APLP1 in retinoic acid-differentiated human neuroblastoma cells upon curcumin-induced neurite retraction

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) belongs to a conserved gene family, also including the amyloid precursor-like proteins, APLP1 and APLP2. The function of these three proteins is not yet fully understood. One of the proposed roles of APP is to promote neurite outgrowth. The aim of this study was to investigate the regulation of the expression levels of APP family members during neurite outgrowth. We observed that retinoic acid (RA)-induced neuronal differentiation of human SH-SY5Y cells resulted in increased expression of APP, APLP1 and APLP2. We also examined the effect of the NFkappaB, AP-1 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor curcumin (diferuloylmethane) on the RA-induced expression levels of these proteins. We found that treatment with curcumin counteracted the RA-induced mRNA expression of all APP family members. In addition, we observed that curcumin treatment resulted in neurite retraction without any effect on cell viability. Surprisingly, curcumin had differential effects on the APLP protein levels in RA-differentiated cells. RA-induced APLP1 protein expression was blocked by curcumin, while the APLP2 protein levels were further increased. APP protein levels were not affected by curcumin treatment. We propose that the sustained levels of APP and the elevated levels of APLP2, in spite of the reduced mRNA expression, are due to altered proteolytic processing of these proteins. Furthermore, our results suggest that APLP1 does not undergo the same type of regulated processing as APP and APLP2.     

Interleukin-18 increases expression of kinases involved in tau phosphorylation in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells

Inflammatory cytokines, produced mainly by activated microglia in the brain, can enhance neuronal degeneration and the amyloid-beta-plaque production involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We previously demonstrated that the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18) colocalizes with plaques and hyperphoshorylated tau containing neurons in AD patients. Here we exposed neuron-like, differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastomas to IL-18 and observed that the protein levels of p35, Cdk5, GSK-3beta, and Ser15-phosphorylated p53 increased during 6 h-24 h. Tau phosphorylation and expression of cyclin G1, involved in neuronal regeneration, increased at 72 h. In vivo, over-expression of IL-18 may induce hyperphosphorylation of tau and induce cell cycle activators.     

Abeta treatment and P301L tau expression in an Alzheimer's disease tissue culture model act synergistically to promote aberrant cell cycle re-entry

Microarrays enable the observation of gene expression in experimental models of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with implications for the human pathology. Histopathologically, AD is characterized by Abeta-containing plaques and tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. Here, we used a human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell system to assess the role of P301L mutant human tau expression, and treatment with or without Abeta on gene regulation. We found that Abeta and P301L tau expression independently affect the regulation of genes controlling cell proliferation and synaptic elements. Moreover, Abeta and P301L tau act synergistically on cell cycle and DNA damage genes, yet influence specific genes within these categories. By using neuronally differentiated P301L tau cells, we can show that Abeta treatment induces an early upregulation of cell cycle control and synaptic genes. At the protein level, by using Kinetworks multi-immunoblotting and BrdU labelling, we found that although P301L tau and Abeta both affected levels of cell cycle proteins, their effects were distinct, in particular concerning DNA damage proteins. Moreover, DNA synthesis was observed only when SH-SY5Y cells overexpressed human wild-type or P301L tau and were incubated with Abeta. Thus, our study shows that Abeta treatment and human tau overexpression in an AD cell culture model act synergistically to promote aberrant cell cycle re-entry, supporting the mitosis failure hypothesis in AD.     

Effect of advanced glycation endproducts on cell cycle and their relevance for Alzheimer's disease

In Alzheimer's disease, neurons in affected regions re-enter the cell cycle, leave the G0 state and appear to be arrested at both the G1/S and G2/M phase with resulting cell death, predominantly by apoptosis. Further hallmarks of AD are crosslinked protein deposits (amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles), which time-dependently become modified by "advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)". Since AGEs activate both mitogenic and redox-sensitive pathways, they might be involved both in cell cycle re-entry and arrest.     

Rac1表达调控对髓母细胞瘤Daoy细胞增殖与凋亡的影响

目的 探讨Rac1基因沉默对髓母细胞瘤Daoy细胞株细胞周期、凋亡的影响.方法 将Daoy细胞分为2组:Rac1-shRNA组和对照组,Rac1-shRNA组将Rac1-shRNA质粒转染Daoy细胞,对照组则转染空白质粒.分别用RT-PCR、Western blot及流式细胞仪检测2组Daoy细胞Rac1 mRNA、Rac1蛋白、细胞周期、细胞凋亡率的变化,并进行统计学比较.结果 Rac1 mRNA和Racl蛋白在髓母细胞瘤Daoy细胞株中均有高表达;Rac1基因沉默后Daoy细胞细胞周期受阻于G0～G1期,G0～G1期细胞所占比例明显增加(80.9%±4.9%),而S期所占细胞比例减少(11.8%±2.3%);Rac1-shRNA组Daoy细胞凋亡率为36.7%±3.9%,而对照组为8.5%±0.9%.2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 RNA干扰沉默Rac1基因可以抑制Daoy细胞增殖,促进细胞凋亡,Rac1可成为抑制髓母细胞瘤增殖并促进细胞凋亡新的靶点.     

糖氧剥夺再灌注对SH-SY5Y细胞焦亡的影响

目的 探讨细胞焦亡在糖氧剥夺诱导的人神经母细胞瘤细胞(Human neuroblastoma cells,SH-SY5Y)损伤中的作用。方法 用不同糖氧剥夺时间(0、3、6、12 h)处理SH-SY5Y细胞,然后进行再灌注24 h; Hoechst33342/碘化丙啶(Propidine iodide,PI)染色试剂盒观察细胞膜破裂情况; 原位末端标记法(Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling,TUNEL)/天冬氨酰特异性半胱氨酰蛋白酶-1(Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1,Caspase-1)共染检测细胞焦亡; 蛋白免疫印迹法检测焦亡相关指标[核苷酸结合寡聚化结构导致域样受体蛋白3(Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)、Caspase-1、Pro-caspase-1、白介素-1β(Interleukin-1β,IL-1β),Pro-IL-1β]的表达水平; 使用Caspase-1抑制剂(Belnacasan,VX-765)处理糖氧剥夺/再灌注细胞模型,观察其对细胞焦亡的影响。结果 糖氧剥夺再灌注处理呈时间依赖诱导SH-SY5Y细胞损伤,并诱导细胞焦亡,焦亡相关指标(NLRP 3,Caspase-1,IL-1β)表达水平升高。VX-765可减轻糖氧剥夺再灌注诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞焦亡,降低焦亡相关指标(Caspase-1,Pro-IL-1β,IL-1β)的表达水平。结论 细胞焦亡在糖氧剥夺再灌注诱导的SH-SY5Y细胞损伤中起到重要作用。     

Vasoactive intestinal peptide-induced neuritogenesis in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells involves SNAP-25

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide known to regulate proliferation and differentiation in normal and tumoral cells. We previously reported that VIP induced neuritogenesis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells cultured in serum-free medium. This neuritogenesis was associated with a regulated expression of neuronal cytoskeleton markers. To further characterize the neuroblastic cell differentiation induced by VIP in human SH-SY5Y cells, we investigated expression of synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25), a protein implicated in exocytosis associated with different processes, including neurite outgrowth. Western immunoblotting and real-time RT-PCR analyses revealed that VIP increased expression of the SNAP-25 protein and the level of both SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b mRNA isoforms. Immunofluorescence experiments indicated that SNAP-25 was mainly located in neurites and at the plasma membrane in SH-SY5Y cells treated with VIP. RNA interference experiments demonstrated that SNAP-25 was involved in VIP-induced neuritogenesis. In conclusion, SNAP-25 is up-regulated and implicated in neuritogenesis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells treated with the neuropeptide VIP.