桑黄多糖抗肿瘤作用

目的:观察桑黄多糖对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤效应并探讨其作用机理。方法:建立小鼠肝癌(H22)、肉瘤(S180)和肺癌(Lew-is)模型,测定桑黄多糖对小鼠肿瘤的抑制作用。通过对巨噬细胞(MΦ)功能和肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的测定,探讨其对免疫功能的影响。结果:桑黄250、500、1000mg/kg 3个剂量组对S180、H22和Lew is肺癌均有明显的抑瘤作用,但无明显的量效关系;桑黄激活巨噬细胞的最小有效剂量为100μg/m l,桑黄还能促进小鼠巨噬细胞分泌肿瘤坏死因子,100μg/m l桑黄组产生的肿瘤坏死因子是对照组的4倍。结论:桑黄对H22、S180和Lew is肺癌均表现出较好的抑瘤作用,激活巨噬细胞、增强其吞噬功能、诱导巨噬细胞产生和分泌肿瘤坏死因子是桑黄抗肿瘤作用的重要机制之一。     

茯苓多糖的抗肿瘤作用及其机理的研究

茯苓多糖对小鼠肉瘤180及艾氏腹水癌(EAC)的抑制作用与口服5-Fu的抑制作用相同。以荷瘤的NIH小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞(PM)和脾脏组织为材料，获苓多糖(100-200mg／kg．po，d1～8)能提高荷瘤小鼠体内的肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)水平和明显提高自然杀伤(NK)细胞活性。     

药用真菌桑黄菌丝体多糖抗肿瘤作用的研究

目的：研究桑黄菌丝体多糖对小鼠S180实体瘤、腹水瘤的生长抑制作用和对荷瘤小鼠免疫调节作用。方法：将昆明种小鼠接种S180实体瘤或腹水瘤后随机分组,饲喂不同剂量(100,200,400 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)的桑黄菌丝体多糖,以饲喂生理盐水和环磷酰胺为空白对照组和阳性对照组。检测受试药物对小鼠S180实体瘤生长的抑制作用以及对荷瘤小鼠脾脏指数和胸腺指数的影响,计算腹水型荷瘤小鼠的存活时间。结果：饲喂桑黄菌丝体多糖的荷瘤小鼠的脾脏指数和胸腺指数显著增加；3个剂量的桑黄菌丝体多糖对S180实体瘤的抑瘤率分别为31.88%,46.25%,53.13%；并且可以显著延长腹水型荷瘤小鼠的存活时间。结论：桑黄菌丝体多糖具有较强的抗肿瘤作用和免疫调节活性。     

桑黄多糖抗肿瘤机制研究进展

综述桑黄多糖的抗肿瘤机制及研究进展。桑黄多糖的抗肿瘤机制主要表现在免疫调节、抗血管生成、抗氧化三方面;桑黄多糖与环磷酰胺联合用药能够增强疗效,降低副作用。     

桑黄胞外多糖对胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠的免疫调节作用

目的研究桑黄胞外多糖对胶原诱导性关节炎(CIA)模型大鼠的治疗效果,并探讨其治疗机制。方法将60只Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组,模型组,阳性对照组,桑黄胞外多糖低、中、高剂量组,每组10只,连续给药30天。采用组织容积法测定关节肿胀程度,关节病理切片观察关节组织病理情况,ELISA法检测血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-17(IL-17)的表达水平。结果与空白组比较,模型组各指标差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。与模型组比较,各治疗组均能抑制非致炎足足趾肿胀(P0.05),改善关节组织病理情况,显著降低血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-17的表达(P0.05)。与阳性药对照比较,桑黄胞外多糖高、中剂量组TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-17的表达及桑黄胞外多糖低剂量组TNF-α、IL-1β的表达差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。桑黄胞外多糖高剂量组血清中TNF-α、IL-1β的表达与空白组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论桑黄胞外多糖对CIA大鼠有一定的治疗效果,其作用机制可能是通过抑制NF-κB信号通路和炎症细胞因子的表达来实现的。     

桑黄抗肿瘤及其作用机制的研究进展

桑黄(phellinus)作为一种名贵的真菌类药材,具有抗肿瘤、抗肝纤维化、抗氧化等多种生理功能。桑黄含有多糖类、甾体类、萜类、黄酮类、吡喃酮类、呋喃类、生物碱类等物质。其中多糖类提取物具有明显抗肿瘤作用,成为当前抗癌药物研究的热点;桑黄的其他提取物如乙酸乙酯提取物等也表现出抗癌活性。该文综述桑黄不同提取物的抗肿瘤作用,着重介绍其抗肿瘤机制的研究进展,为进一步开发桑黄奠定基础。     

桑黄提取物的抗肿瘤作用研究

目的 研究桑黄提取物对小鼠S180实体瘤、H22肝癌和Lewis肺癌实体瘤的生长抑制作用,体外对人瘤细胞的直接抑制作用.方法 建立小鼠S180实体瘤、H22肝癌和Lewis肺癌实体瘤模型,观察桑黄提取物高(1000mg/kg)、中(500mg/kg)、低(250mg/kg)剂量组体内抑制肿瘤生长作用,MTT法检测桑黄提取物抑制人肿瘤细胞增殖的作用.结果 ①桑黄提取物高、中、低剂量对小鼠S180实体瘤的抑制作用分别为27.9%、75%、31.2%;对小鼠H22肝癌的抑制率分别为46%、63%、57%;对小鼠肺癌Lewis的抑制率分别为57.1%、54.5%、45.9%.②体外对人瘤细胞的抑制作用:桑黄提取物给药剂量(20 μg/ml、40μg/ml、80μg/ml、160 μg/ml)对人卵巢癌细胞(A2780)的抑制率分别为16.9%、18.5%、25.8%、31.5%;对人乳腺癌(MCF7)细胞的抑制率分别为19.9%、28.1%、32.25%、30.8%.结论 桑黄提取物各剂量组对小鼠H22、S180、Lewis实体型肿瘤的生长均有抑制作用,体外对人肿瘤细胞MCF7,OVCA278有直接杀伤作用.     

桑黄化学成分及其抗肿瘤作用机制研究进展

恶性肿瘤是目前严重威胁人类健康和生命的疾病之一,相关报道显示,恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率呈现逐年增加的趋势。临床上放疗和化疗是癌症的主流治疗方法,这种治疗往往伴随着严重的不良反应,给患者带来不可逆的损伤,严重影响了患者治疗后的生活质量。因此寻找新型安全有效的抗肿瘤药物迫在眉睫,中药抗肿瘤治疗因其不良反应小、相对安全性高、抑制作用持久等优点获得了广泛关注。随着近年来医学科研水平的快速发展,越来越多的抗肿瘤化学成分从中药里被提取出来。桑黄作为一种名贵中药材,其化学成分主要包括多糖、黄酮、三萜、多酚等物质,具有抗炎、降血糖、保肝、抗肿瘤等药理作用。研究表明桑黄的化学成分对肺癌、胃癌、结肠癌、黑色素瘤等多种恶性肿瘤细胞显示出抗肿瘤活性,通过抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡、抑制肿瘤细胞转移、诱导肿瘤细胞自噬、抑制肿瘤血管生成和免疫调节发挥抗肿瘤作用,此外还可以通过联合放化疗增效减毒、增敏辅助治疗恶性肿瘤。基于中国知网、Web of Science、Pubmed、谷歌学术等数据库,以“桑黄、化学成分、抗肿瘤”等关键词检索近几年的相关文献,通过对桑黄的化学成分及其抗肿瘤作用机制进行分析总结,为其进...     

木蹄复方提取物体内抗肿瘤作用研究

目的:考察木蹄复方提取物(ECF)的体内抗肿瘤活性,并探讨部分作用机制.方法:制备S 180和Lewis肺癌实体瘤小鼠模型,接种次日将2种实体瘤模型小鼠均分为模型组,EFC低、中、高剂量(0.05,0.1,0.15 g·kg-1)组和环磷酰胺(CTX)阳性对照组,分别连续给药8和15 d,观察ECF对荷瘤小鼠瘤质量、胸腺指数和脾脏指数、血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)水平的影响.结果:ECF低、中、高3个剂量组对S 180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤抑制率分别为11.8％,47.1％和58.8％;对Lewis肺癌实体瘤小鼠肿瘤抑制率分别为7.1％,57.1％和28.6％.与模型组比较,ECF高剂量组能抑制S180荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长(P＜0.05),提高胸腺指数(P＜0.05),降低血清中M-CSF水平;中剂量组可抑制Lewis 肺癌荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长(P＜0.05),提高胸腺指数(P＜0.05),降低血清中M-CSF水平,3个剂量组均能提高血清中TNF-α水平(P ＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论:ECF对S 180荷瘤小鼠和Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长具有明显抑制作用,显示较强的体内抗肿瘤活性,其作用机制可能与提高免疫器官指数以及调节血清中TNF-α和M-CSF的表达有关.     

真菌多糖抗肿瘤研究的概况

近年来,随着药用真菌研究的不断深入和发展,国内外从真菌中提取的多糖有抗肿瘤作用的报告日益增多。动物实验及临床实践,证明真菌多糖对移植的动物肿瘤有较强的抑制作用,能增强机体的免疫功能,减轻放、化疗的毒性反应,并增强其疗效,而无毒性等优点,是一种较好的具有"扶正培本"功能的抗肿瘤药物。今仅就药用真菌、担子菌类中的云芝、茯苓、     

药用真菌桑黄的免疫调节作用研究进展

真菌多糖被称为生物反应调节剂,多糖及其复合物的研究已成为今年生物学、医学等领域的研究热点之一。本文在广泛收集目前国内外文献资料的基础上,针对桑黄多糖的免疫功能研究现状就其多方面的免疫调节作用做一综述。     

Effects of mycelial culture of Phellinus linteus on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats

The gastroprotective effects of a mycelial culture of Phellinus linteus (MCPL) were evaluated by determining the ulcer index, gastric mucus content, histopathological observation and histochemical properties of mucin in an ethanol-induced ulcer model of rats. Preadministration with MCPL at doses of 20 and 60 mg/kg, showed a significant decrease of bleeding and ulcer index and alleviated the histopathological changes induced by ethanol such as hemorrhage and necrosis. Ethanol treatment decreased the gastric adhesion mucus content, but a higher level of gastric mucus persisted after preadministration of MCPL. As for the histochemical properties of mucins, marked changes were observed in both the surface and gland mucous cells in ethanol-treated rats, but these changes were detected only in the surface mucous cells in rat preadministered with MCPL. Using conventional methods for mucins, ethanol-treated rats revealed a decrease of neutral and acid mucin in the surface epithelium and mucous neck cells compared with normal rats. A marked decrease of BSL-1 by lectin histochemistry was also revealed in the ethanol-treated rats. But the MCPL preadministered rats showed similar stainabilities and lectin affinity patterns for mucins as the normal rats. These results indicate that pretreatment with MCPL provided protection of the gastric mucosa from ethanol-induced injury by maintaining the mucus barrier in rats.     

Anti-inflammatory and related pharmacological activities of the n-BuOH subfraction of mushroom Phellinus linteus

This study aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory and related activities of mushroom Phellinus linteus. The results show that the EtOH extract of Phellinus linteus (PLE) dose-dependently inhibited the mouse ear edema induced by croton oil. Among PLE subfractions, the n-BuOH subfraction showed highest anti-inflammatory activity in croton oil-induced ear edema test. The n-BuOH subfraction also showed highest inhibitory activity on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. PLE could significantly reduce the number of writhing induced by acetic acid in mice, indicating that PLE possesses potent antinociceptive effect mediated by its anti-inflammatory activity. Mycelial extract of six different Phellinus strains were found to contain anti-angiogenic activity in the CAM assay. These results suggest that Phellinus linteus has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities, in addition to its anti-angiogenic activity.     

Two Indole Derivatives and Phenolic Compound Isolated from Mushroom Phellinus linteus

AIM:To investigate the constituents from the dichloromethane fraction of the mushroom Phellinus lintues.METHODS:Silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography were used for the isolation and purification.The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated based on NMR spectroscopic analyses and mass spectrometric data.RESULTS:Two indole derivatives,7-methoxyindole-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester(1)and 1-methylindole-3-carboxaldehyde(2),and a phenolic compound,(E)-4-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)but-3-en-2-one(3...     

Mycelial culture of Phellinus linteus protects primary cultured rat hepatocytes against hepatotoxins

Hepatoprotective activity of Phellinus linteus was studied using H(2)O(2)- or galactosamine-injured primary cultures of rat hepatocytes as screening systems. The methanolic extract of the mycelial culture of Phellinus linteus significantly protected against hepatotoxins-induced toxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes as seen from the decreased level of glutamic pyruvic transaminase released from the injured hepatocytes. The methanolic extract of the mycelial culture of Phellinus linteus was subsequently fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. Among these fractions, 100 microg/mL of the ethyl acetate fraction was the most active one. The relative protections were 68.9 +/- 5.3% in H(2)O(2)-injured hepatocytes and 46.8 +/- 3.9% in galactosamine-injured hepatocytes, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction appeared to maintain the glutathione level which was decreased by the treatment of H(2)O(2) or galactosamine and restored the level of RNA synthesis more than two times compared to galactosamine-injured hepatocytes. These results suggest that the ethyl acetate fraction of the mycelial culture of Phellinus linteus protects hepatocytes from H(2)O(2)- or galactosamine-induced injury by maintaining hepatic glutathione level and RNA synthesis as well.     

蟾蜕抗肿瘤及增强免疫效应研究

目的:研究一种新发现的蟾蜍药用部位--蟾蜕在小鼠体内的抗肿瘤及增强免疫效应的功能.方法:检测S180肉瘤、H22肝癌、Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠服用蟾蜕以后的肿瘤变化,观察蟾蜕延长HCA肝腹水癌小鼠寿命的效应,采用MTT法检测Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠服用蟾蜕以后的T淋巴细胞转化率和NK细胞活性变化,同时考察大剂量蟾蜕的服用是否对小鼠有明显毒性.结果:服用蟾蜕以后S180肉瘤、H22肝癌实体瘤、Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠肿瘤有明显缩小,Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠T淋巴细胞转化率和NK细胞杀伤活性均有明显上升,大剂量服用蟾蜕对小鼠无明显毒副作用.结论:提示蟾蜕在动物体内具有明显的抗肿瘤效果和增强免疫效应,是一种安全的可用于抗肿瘤治疗的药用动物新资源.     

Heme oxygenase-1 mediates the anti-inflammatory effect of mushroom Phellinus linteus in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages

This work aimed to elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of the n-BuOH subfraction (PL) prepared from fruiting bodies of Phellinus linteus. PL induced heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) of the RAW264.7 macrophages in concentration- and time-dependent manner. It suppressed induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and subsequent production of nitric oxide (NO) through down-regulation of iNOS promoter activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. Zn(II) protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP), a specific inhibitor of HO-1, partly blocked suppression by PL on iNOS promoter activity and NO production, which were elevated in LPS-stimulated macrophages. LPS was able to enhance NO production via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) and c-Jun induction. ZnPP prevented PL from down-regulating ROS generation and JNK activation in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Taken together, PL shows its anti-inflammatory activity via mediation of HO-1 in an in vitro inflammation model.     

Orally administered mycelial culture of Phellinus linteus exhibits antitumor effects in hepatoma cell-bearing mice

Aim of the study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer effect of a mycelial culture from Phellinus linteus PL-7 (MCPL-7) and to elucidate its potential mechanism in vivo.

Materials and methods

SCID CB-17 mice received a transplant of Hep3B cells followed by daily MCPL-7 administrations for 8 weeks. Following tumor implantation, groups C-E were subcutaneously administered 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, or 250 mg/kg MCPL-7 powder per day, respectively, for 8 weeks. Groups A and B received saline solution subcutaneously for 8 weeks.

Results

MCPL-7 administration induced a significant reduction in tumor size and was associated with a significant increase in T cell numbers; IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion; NK cell activity; and phagocytic ability. Therefore, increased numbers of CD4⁺cells could have been caused by greater numbers of dendritic cells and macrophages in the spleen. Furthermore, the activation of dendritic cells and macrophages resulted in increased IL-12 secretion, which could upregulate NK cell activation. The increased secretion of IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α enhanced the activity and phagocytic ability of NK cells. Thus, MCPL-7 may provide a potential therapeutic approach for both immunomodulatory and antitumor effects.     

抗肿瘤中药青龙衣化学成分的研究

目的研究抗肿瘤中药青龙衣的化学成分。方法近年大量的药理实验及临床研究表明青龙衣CHCl3及EtOAc部分具有显著的抗肿瘤作用,且毒性较小。本实验利用硅胶柱色谱和大孔吸附树脂分离化合物,并利用1D-NMR及2D-NMR光谱数据确定了化合物的结构。结果从青龙衣的CHCl3活性部位中分得8个化合物,并分别确定为20(S)-原人参二醇-3-酮(1)、达玛烷-20,24-二烯-3β-醇(2)、茸毛香杨梅酮(galeon)(3)、胡桃宁A(jugla-nin A)(4)、2α,3β,23-三羟基-12-烯-28-齐墩果酸(5)、2α,3β-23-三羟基-12-烯-28-熊果酸(6)、齐墩果酸(7)、熊果酸(8)。结论化合物1为首次从天然资源中分离得到的新天然产物;化合物2及5~8均为首次从胡桃属植物中分离得到,此前未见该属三萜类化合物的报道;化合物3为首次从青龙衣中分离得到。