中药猫人参中的抗肿瘤活性成分

目的对中药猫人参(镊合猕猴桃Actinidia valvataDunn.根)中的抗肿瘤活性成分进行研究。方法运用多种色谱分离方法进行分离纯化,通过1HNMR、13CNMR、MS等波谱技术确定化合物的结构,并采用MTT法测试了部分单体化合物的体外细胞毒活性。结果分离并鉴定了11个化合物,其中10个为三萜类化合物:2α,3α,24-三羟基乌苏烷-12-烯-28-酸(1),积雪草酸(2),科罗索酸(3),2α,3α,23,24-四羟基乌苏烷-12-烯-28-酸(4),2α,3α,24-三羟基乌苏酸-11-烯-13β,28-内酯(5),2α,3α,24-三羟基齐墩果烷-12-烯-28-酸(6),2α,3α,19α,24-四羟基乌苏烷-12-烯-28-酸(7),2α,3α,24-三羟基乌苏烷-12,20(30)-二烯-28-酸(8),2α,3β,24-三羟基乌苏烷-12-烯-28-酸(9),齐墩果酸(10);1个植物甾醇:β-谷甾醇(11)。采用MTT法测试了化合物1、2、3、4、7对A549(人肺癌细胞)、LOVO(人结肠癌细胞)、HepG2(人肝癌细胞)等3种人肿瘤细胞株的体外细胞毒活性。结论化合物3~8为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中2、3对LOVO和HepG2细胞株有一定的抗肿瘤活性,且随着单体化合物极性的增大,细胞毒活性下降。     

猫人参化学成分研究

目的 对猫人参Actinidia valvata根的化学成分进行研究.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱法进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱方法鉴定化合物的结构.结果 从猫人参根乙醇提取物的醋酸乙酯部位分离鉴定了10个化合物,结构鉴定为2α,3α,24-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅰ)、2β,3β,23-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(毛花猕猴桃酸B)(Ⅱ)、2α,3β,19,23-四羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅲ)、2α,3β,24-三羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅳ)、积雪草酸(Ⅴ),3β-(反式-P-香豆素酰基)-2α,24-二羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅵ)、3β-(反式-P-香豆素酰基)-2α,23-二羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸(Ⅶ)、熊果酸(Ⅷ)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅸ)、胡萝卜苷(Ⅹ).结论 以上化合物均系首次从该植物中分离得到.     

木莓根部化学成分的研究

目的 研究木莓根部的化学成分。方法 采用正、反相硅胶柱层析分离析法,通过理化性质和光谱分析鉴定其化学结果。结果 从木莓根部甲醇提取物中分离并鉴定了10个化合物,它们分别为:胡萝卜苷（I）、乌苏酸（Ⅱ）、3β、19a-二羟基-2-氧-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸（Ⅲ）、2a、3β,23a-三羟基乌苏-12,18-二烯-28-酸（Ⅳ)、2a,3β,23a-三羟基乌苏-12,19-二烯-28-酸（Ⅴ）、2a,3β,19a,23a-四羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28酸（Ⅵ)、2a,3β-二羟基乌苏-12,18-二烯-28-酸（Ⅶ）,2a,3β,19a-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸（Ⅷ）、2a,3β,19a-三羟基齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸（IX）和蔷薇酸（X）。结论 以上成分均为首次从该植物中分得。     

多裂委陵菜化学成分的研究

目的:研究多裂委陵菜(Potentilla multifida L.)的化学成分. 方法:用色谱法和波谱法对多裂委陵菜的化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定. 结果:分离、鉴定了5个化合物:3β,24-二羟基-乌苏-12-烯(1);3β-羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(2);2α,3α,19α-三羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(3);2α,3β,19α-三羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(4);3β,24-二羟基-齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸(5). 结论:5个化合物均为首次从该种植物获得,1和5为首次从该属植物获得,1为新天然产物.     

日本路边青的化学成分研究

目的 研究日本路边青Geum japonicum全草的化学成分.方法 以硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱等多种色谱方法分离,制备高效液相色谱,纯化得到单体化合物,以各种有机波谱鉴定化合物结构.结果 分离得到14个化合物,鉴定为坡模酸(pomolic acid,Ⅰ)、1β,2α,19α-trihydroxy-3-OXO-12-ursen-28-oic acid(Ⅱ)、3β-O-trans-ferulyl-2α,19α-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid(Ⅲ)、2α-羟基乌苏酸(corosolic acid,Ⅳ)、2v,3β,19v,23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(V)、乌苏酸(ursolic acid,Ⅵ)、2α-羟基齐墩果酸(maslinic acid,Ⅶ)、2α,19α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-12-ursen-28-oicacid(Ⅷ)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(tormic acid,Ⅸ)、蔷薇酸(euscaphic acid,Ⅹ)、goreishic acid(Ⅺ)、swinhoeic acid(Ⅻ)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,ⅩⅢ)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,ⅩⅣ).结论 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅲ、Ⅺ～ⅩⅣ为首次从日本路边青中分离得到.     

秀丽莓干燥茎中的化学成分研究

目的研究秀丽莓(Rubus amabilis Focke)干燥茎中的化学成分,阐明秀丽莓药效物质基础。方法采用水提取、柱色谱法以及结晶法对秀丽莓干燥茎进行分离纯化,用核磁共振、质谱等光谱波谱技术对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定,并结合高效液相色谱-离子阱-飞行时间质谱法(LC/MS-IT-TOF)对其中的化学成分进行分析,SunFire~(TM)C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),甲醇(A)-0.5%甲酸水溶液(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾离子源为质谱离子源,同时采用正、负离子检测模式,获得不同化合物的多级质谱数据。结果从秀丽莓干燥茎中分离出了5个化合物,分别鉴定为1,2,8-三甲氧基-6-羟基酮、2α,3α,19α,23-四羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸、齐墩果酸、(+)-儿茶素及(-)-表儿茶素。根据高分辨质谱结果和MS/MS碎片信息,结合对照品质谱信息及相关文献,共鉴定推断出27个化合物,其中1个酮:1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基酮;1个单萜:7-epiphlomiol;5个二萜类:对映-贝壳杉-16-烯-9-醇、对映-16β,17-二羟基-贝壳杉-19-羧酸、对映-贝壳杉-3α(β),16β,17-三醇、甜茶苷、甜茶单糖苷;9个三萜类:2α,3β,23α-三羟基-乌苏-12,18-二烯-28-酸、2α,3β,23α-三羟基-乌苏-12,19-二烯-28-酸、19α-羟基熊果酸、2α,19α-二羟基-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸、2α-羟基乌苏酸、2α,3α-二羟基-齐墩果-12-烯-28-酸、3β,16α,22α,28-四羟基齐墩果-12-烯、3β,16α,22α,23,28-五羟基齐墩果-12-烯及萎陵菜酸;11个黄酮类:原花青素B1~B8、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷、槲皮素及8,3'-二羟基-7,4'-二甲氧基异黄酮。结论化合物1,2,8-三甲氧基-6-羟基酮为蔷薇科植物中首次分离得到;化合物(+)-儿茶素与(-)-表儿茶素为首次从悬钩子属植物中分离得到;其余化合物为首次从秀丽莓中发现。     

金樱子化学成分的研究

目的在金樱子Rosa laevigata Michx.化学成分研究的基础上,配合药理活性筛选,确认金樱子活性成分或指标性成分的化学结构和提取分离方法。方法采用溶剂法和硅胶柱层析法进行提取分离;利用TLC、HPLC分析纯度;利用化学方法和波谱方法(1HNMR、13CNMR、13CNMR-APT、MS、IR、UV)确定其化学结构。结果分离鉴定了4个化合物,分别为2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-羧酸,金樱子皂甙A(2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-β-吡喃葡萄糖甙),野鸦春酸,2α-羟基乌苏酸。结论2α-羟基乌苏酸为首次从金樱子中分离得到。     

大叶香茶菜中的三萜化学成分分析

目的研究大叶香茶菜中的三萜化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱层析进行分离纯化化合物,根据理化性质和现代波谱技术进行结构鉴定。结果从大叶香茶菜叶的乙酸乙酯部分分离出4个三萜化合物,分别鉴定为:熊果酸(化合物1)、2α,3α-二羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(化合物2)、2α,3α,24-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(化合物3)、2α,3β,23-三羟基乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(化合物4)。结论4个化合物均为三萜化合物,均为首次从大叶香茶菜中获得。     

美味猕猴桃根中三萜类成分研究

目的 研究美味猕猴桃Actinidia deliciosa根的化学成分。方法 以95%乙醇为提取溶剂,经多种色谱方法分离,根据理化性质,结合谱学手段对化合物进行结构鉴定。结果 从美味猕猴桃根中分离得到3个化合物,分别鉴定为2β, 3β, 28-三羟基-12, 20(30)-羽扇豆二烯（1）、2α, 3β, 19α, 24-四羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸（2）、2α, 3β, 23, 27-四羟基-12-烯-28-乌苏酸（3）。结论 化合物1为1个新的羽扇豆烷型三萜,命名为猕猴桃素A。     

卵叶远志地上部分化学成分研究

目的 系统研究卵叶远志Polygala sibirica地上部分的化学成分。方法 采用各种柱色谱方法进行分离,运用¹H-NMR和¹3C-NMR等方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果 分离、鉴定了12个化合物。分别为熊果酸(1)、2α,3β,19α-三羟基乌索-12-烯-23,28-二羧酸(2)、3β,19α-二羟基乌索-12-烯-23,28-二羧酸(3)、3β,19α-二羟基齐墩果-12-烯-23,28-二羧酸(4)、邻羟基苯甲酸(5)、间二羟基苯甲酸(6)、4-羟基-3,5-二甲氧基苯甲醛(7)、正三十一烷(8)、正三十烷醇(9)、正十八烷酸(10)、α-十四烷酸甘油酯(11)和α-二十二烷酸甘油酯(12)。结论 化合物1～4为从本属植物中首次分离得到的区别于常规远志皂苷元的三萜类化合物;其余化合物均为首次从本植物中分离得到。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.