5种驱蚊止痒产品挥发性成分的快速分析

目的建立一种简单快速分析5种驱蚊止痒产品中挥发性成分的气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS),并分析比较其中成分及使用。方法采用RTX-5MS毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm),程序升温,EI离子源,对5种驱蚊止痒产品:清爽花露水、驱蚊花露水、风油精1、风油精2、百草油进行GC-MS分析,并对其挥发性成分进行定性鉴定和定量分析。结果清爽花露水和驱蚊花露水中分别鉴定出10、29种挥发性化合物,主要成分均为乙醇,驱蚊花露水中避蚊胺含量达38.022%,其余多为定香剂、香料等;2种风油精中分别鉴定出31、36种挥发性化合物,其中薄荷脑、水杨酸甲酯含量较高,其他挥发性成分含量较低;百草油中挥发性成分多(62种)且含量较均匀,有α-蒎烯、柠檬烯、薄荷脑、水杨酸甲酯等。结论该方法不需要任何溶剂、任何预处理,简单、快速、准确,适用于驱蚊止痒产品的质量控制和指导人们合理使用。     

Allergenic components of stored agro products

The increasing occurrence of allergies in the developed countries and greater interest in food safety has drawn attention to the presence of allergens in agro products during storage. Stored agro products can contain allergenic contaminants of plant, microbial, or animal origin. Several stored-product insect and mite species were confirmed as sources of allergens. The most important are storage mites because they cause occupational asthma by inhalation and anaphylactic reactions when ingested in high numbers. The urine of rats and mice can be a significant source of allergens that are mainly present as large airborne particles. Stored moulds are also confirmed as potential source of allergens. However, it is likely that the major problem resulting from the presence of moulds in food will be due to the toxic effects of mycotoxins, rather than allergenic effects. The adoption of good management and processing technique can help to minimise the risk.     

深圳宝安区某加油站从业人员油品挥发性成分危害分析与防治

目的 调查广东加油站从业人员身体状况,分析职业危害的因素.方法 根据综合信息系统记录,以行政区域划分,采取随机抽样法共检测深圳市宝安区西乡、航城街道加油站22家,相关从业人员335名.分析挥发化学成分有害因素以及加油站工作人员职业健康检查结果.结果 对22个加油站各油品挥发性有机组分中职业危害成分进行分析,结果表明均符...     

工业用混合有机溶剂挥发性化学组分分析

目的 分析工业用混合有机溶剂挥发性化学组分,为职业病危害因素识别提供依据.方法 对2008-2011年采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行检测的6种无注册商品名或成分说明的118份混合有机溶剂样品的挥发性化学组分检测结果进行汇总分析.结果 ①“开油水”主要检出甲苯、甲醇和正己烷,部分样品检出苯与二甲苯;②“洗板水”主要检出甲苯、正己烷和甲醇,部分样品检出苯、三氯乙烯和四氯化碳,个别检出1,2-二氯乙烷;③“天那水”主要检出甲苯、二甲苯和苯,部分检出甲醇,个别检出1,2-二氯乙烷;④“清洗剂”主要检出正己烷、三氯乙烯和二甲苯,部分样品检出甲醇,个别检出苯和1,2-二氯乙烷;⑤“去污水”主要检出正己烷、苯和甲苯,部分检出甲醇和三氯乙烯;⑥“白电油”以检出正己烷为主.结论 工业用混合有机溶剂挥发性组分复杂,均不同程度地检出三氯乙烯、正己烷、苯或1,2-.二-氯乙烷等高风险职业病危害因素.     

Composition of volatile thermo-destruction components of automobile brake straps]

The air contamination content was studied of the air samples taken from the driver's cabs of different vehicles at the time of sharp braking. The air samples contained: CO (0.7-9.7 mg/m3); n-hydrocarbons + divinyl (6.4-130.0 mg/m3); aromatic hydrocarbons (3.6-26.8 mg/m3); acrylonitrile (0.5-1.0 mg/m3) H2S (0.23-0.9 mg/m3); SO2 (1.5-7.05 mg/m3).     

Emission of volatile components in carpenter's kumylotox into air]

Study was made of Carpenter's Kumylotox, a fungicidal preparation containing: p-cumylphenol, dibutyl phthalate, machine oil, chloroparaffin, a 15% solution of ker-1500 rubber in painter's naphta, and petrol for pastas. The preparation was applied onto boards placed in an experimental chamber at 1-week intervals. In air of the chamber, dibutyl phthalate and p-cumylphenol were determined quantitatively by gas chromatography. The presence of hydrocarbons was recorded by the same method, without quantitative determination. Analyses were continued until the disappearance of the investigated from air. It was found that already after 2 weeks the p-cumylphenol level dropped below the allowable concentration amounting to 0.015 mg/dm3. The dibutyl phthalate level decreased to the allowable concentration (0.05 mg/m3) only after 9 weeks of board ageing. According to analysis by the GC-MS method, aromatic hydrocarbons disappeared from the chamber's air already after 5 weeks, and the remaining hydrocarbons--after 9 weeks.     

福建省鞋用胶水及其溶剂的挥发性成分和急性毒性研究

目的 研究鞋用胶水和溶剂的急性毒性。方法 采用顶空气相色谱法对鞋用胶水和溶剂有机物质进行成分定性分析，通过急性吸入毒性、急性眼刺激实验、急性皮肤刺激实验和皮肤过敏实验进行急性毒性的研究与评价。结果 各样品中易挥发扩要成分为甲苯、丁酮、醋酸乙酯、内酮等。其急性毒性分级均为低毒。有83．3％的样品对用胶水和溶剂的急性毒性为低毒类，大部分样品对眼黏膜、皮肤存在刺激作用，对皮肤致敏作用较弱。