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目的了解惠州市吸毒人群丙肝(HcV)感染现状,探讨吸毒人群传播丙肝的危险性,为控制丙肝的传播提供科学依据。方法应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测450例吸毒人员和100例普通人员的血清丙肝病毒抗体(抗一HCV)。结果。吸毒组血清丙肝抗体阳性301例,感染率为66.89%:对照组100例血清丙肝抗体阳性1例,感染率为1%,吸毒人群丙肝感染率是普通人群的66.89倍。结论吸毒是丙型肝炎的主要传播方式,对其实行抗-HCV筛检显得尤为重要,同时有关部门应进一步加强吸毒人员管理,防止丙肝在人群之间的传播。 相似文献
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目的 了解我市吸毒人员中丙肝感染的情况及其高危因素,为控制丙肝流行提供科学依据.方法 对2010-2011年乌海市监测哨点中吸毒人群进行了调查及血清抗-HCV抗体检测分析.结果 2010-2011年合计检测911人,检出血清抗-HCV抗体阳性者580例,阳性率为63.67%.其中血清抗-HCV抗体阳性率青壮年人群显著高于其它人群(x2=40.81,P<0.05),静脉吸毒人群显著高于口吸人群(x2=312.46,2<0.01).结论 吸毒人群中血清抗-HCV抗体阳性率远远超过自然人群的感染率,而且通过注射方式吸毒是HCV感染的高危因素,说明该人群存在着丙肝传播与流行的高危因素,是丙肝防治的重点人群. 相似文献
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吸毒人群中丙肝病毒感染状况调查分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目的:了解吸毒人员丙肝感染情况及其高危因素,为在这特殊人群中提出针对性防控措施提供依据。方法:2005年-2008年在江苏省部分戒毒所、劳教所设立7个监测哨点,其中每年4~6月新关押的2811例吸毒人员为凋查对象。对调查对象进行问卷调查,并采集静脉血液标本,用EI.ISA法检测抗-HCV。调查数据经复核后用录入计算机,用SPSS11.5进行汇总与分析。结果:2811例调查对象中共检测出抗-HCV阳性957例,阳性率34.0%。其中男性阳性率35.1%,女性阳性率29.2%,男性显著高于女性(χ^2=6.32,P〈0.05)。调查人群年龄为18-74岁,不同年龄组抗-HCV阳性率总体呈现两头低、中间高,最高年龄组为30~岁组.组间差异非常显著(χ^2=65.31,P〈0.01)。本省与外省籍以及不同婚姻状况HCV感染率差异不显著。通过注射方式吸毒、通过钱或毒品交易与他人发生过性行为、性行为时不使用安全套等为HCV感染的高危因素。结论:吸毒人群中抗-HCV阳性率远远超过自然人群的感染率,说明该人群存在着丙肝传播与流行的高危因素,是丙肝防治的重点人群。对吸毒人群的高危行为应文施更有针对性的健康教育和行为干预综合防治措施。 相似文献
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江苏省部分地区吸毒人群HCV感染的流行病学调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
[目的]了解江苏省吸毒人群中HCV感染现状,吸毒方式、性行为特征等和HCV感染的关系,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。[方法]以南京市强制戒毒所587名戒毒人员及无锡市疾病控制中心美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊收治的吸毒患者798名,共计1385例吸毒患者作为调查对象,制定统一的调查问卷进行调查,并采集静脉血检测抗-HCV抗体和肝功能等指标。[结果]1385名吸毒患者中男性占76.6%,女性占23.4%,总的抗-HCV抗体阳性率是75.5%,静脉注射吸毒者(IDUs)的阳性率为88.5%,显著高于肌肉/皮下注射(60.0%)和口服(20.0%)、烫吸(28.6%)(趋势性χ2=440.15,P=0.00)。共用吸毒器具(包括直接共用针管和间接共用稀释液)者HCV感染率显著高于不共用者(χ2=288.92,P=0.00)。有5个以上性伴侣者HCV感染率(86.8%)显著高于有单个性伴侣的感染率(67.7%,χ^2=36.41,P=0.00)。MMT门诊患者HCV感染率(85.6%)显著高于强制戒毒人员的感染率(61.7%,χ^2=104.72,P=0.00)。肝功能分析显示,该人群丙型肝炎患病率为34.9%。[结论]江苏省吸毒人群的HCV感染率较高,丙型肝炎患病率高,肝功能损害严重,共用注射器及稀释液,多个性伴侣,不使用安全套,以及静脉注射吸毒等高危行为存在普遍,应当采取综合干预措施,控制HCV的传播,降低感染率。 相似文献
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目的了解东莞市吸毒人群HCV抗体阳性率及其影响因素,为制定相应防控措施提供依据。方法对东莞市2010-2013年吸毒人群的哨点监测资料进行统计分析。结果1601例调查对象中共检测出抗-HCV阳性710例,阳性率44.30%。其中,HCV抗体的高阳性率指向男性、30~50岁、离异/丧偶、文化程度低的吸毒者,高危因素包括注射吸毒、最近1次性行为不使用安全套、商业性行为时不使用安全套、感染HIV。结论吸毒人群是丙肝防治的重点人群,应采取针对性的健康教育和行为干预措施,以控制丙肝在该人群的传播和流行。 相似文献
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广西部分吸毒人群丙型肝炎病毒及艾滋病病毒感染情况调查分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的了解我区吸毒人群中丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)及艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染和两者合并感染的情况,为制定艾滋病及丙型肝炎的防治措施提供理论依据。方法对我区部分在押的吸毒者共计3 000名作为调查对象,制定统一的调查问卷进行调查,并采集静脉血,分离血清,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)夹心法检测HCV抗体和HIV抗体,当HIV抗体阳性时则用蛋白免疫印迹试验(Western Blotting,WB)进行HIV抗体确证实验。结果在3 000名吸毒患者中,男性占88.4%,女性占11.6%;总的HCV抗体阳性率是85.6%,HIV抗体阳性率是18.2%,其中静脉注射吸毒者(IDUs)HCV抗体阳性2 553名,感染率为86.1%,口吸吸毒者HCV抗体阳性21名,感染率60.0%;口吸吸毒人群中HIV抗体阳性3名,感染率为8.56%,静脉吸毒人群中HIV抗体阳性543名,感染率18.31%;HCV抗体阳性合并HIV抗体阳性有537名,感染率为20.86%。结论广西吸毒人群的HCV感染率较高,尤其是静脉注射吸毒人群,应当加强对吸毒人群的综合干预措施,控制HCV及HIV的传播,降低新发感染。 相似文献
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目的 了解我区吸毒人群中丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)及艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染和两者合并感染的情况,为制定艾滋病及丙型肝炎的防治措施提供理论依据.方法 对我区部分在押的吸毒者共计3000名作为调查对象,制定统一的调查问卷进行调查,并采集静脉血,分离血清,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)夹心法检测HCV抗体和HIV抗体,当HIV抗体阳性时则用蛋白免疫印迹试验(Westem Blotting,WB)进行HIV抗体确证实验.结果 在3000名吸毒患者中,男性占88.4%,女性占11.6%;总的HCV抗体阳性率是85.6%,HIV抗体阳性率是18.2%,其中静脉注射吸毒者(IDUs)HCV抗体阳性2553名,感染率为86.1%,口吸吸毒者HCV抗体阳性21名,感染率60.O%;口吸吸毒人群中HIV抗体阳性3名,感染率为8.56%,静脉吸毒人群中HIV抗体阳性543名,感染率18.31%;HCV抗体阳性合并HIV抗体阳性有537名,感染率为20.86%.结论 广西吸毒人群的HCV感染率较高,尤其是静脉注射吸毒人群,应当加强对吸毒人群的综合干预措施,控制HCV及HIV的传播,降低新发感染. 相似文献
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目的通过血清流行病学调查,探索福建省丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染率及其相关危险因素。方法采用多阶段抽样方法,通过横断面调查,获取HCV流行现状及危险因素基础资料;用间接ELISA法检测HCV抗体,分析人群抗-HCV阳性率及发展趋势。结果福建省人群抗-HCV阳性率为0.71%;地区与性别分布差异无统计学意义;随着年龄增长,抗-HCV阳性率有增加趋势,≥50岁组抗-HCV阳性率(1.81%)远高于〈50岁组(0.54%)。肝病史、针具共用及足浴店修脚史与HCV感染相关。结论福建省人群抗-HCV阳性率与1992年相比呈下降趋势,但HCV防治形势不容乐观。 相似文献
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吸毒人员中丙型肝炎病毒感染状况及其影响因素 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 了解吸毒人群中丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染状况及其影响因素,为HCV感染的防制提供科学依据.方法 采用现况研究,随机抽取长沙和株州市2个戒毒所吸毒人员为调查对象,以面对面的问卷调查收集吸毒人员的有关资料,并采集血标本772份,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA法)检测血清中抗-HCV.采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析.结果 772名吸毒人员中检出阳性人数662人,总感染率为85.75%;单因素分析:不同性别(χ^212.03,P<0.01),不同年龄(χ^27.56,P<0.05),不同吸毒方式(χ^2119.80,P<0.01),不同静脉注射时间(χ^29.42,P<0.01),是否共用注射针头(χ^216.24,P<0.01),注射针筒不同清洗用水(χ^27.49,P<0.05),不同入所次数(χ^229.34,P<0.01)的HCV感染率差异有统计学意义.多因素分析:吸毒人员中HCV的感染与性别、吸毒方式、注射针筒清洗用水、静脉注射时间有关.结论 吸毒人员是HCV感染的高危人群.HCV感染的影响因素有性别、吸毒方式、注射针筒清洗用水和静脉注射时间. 相似文献
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采用病例对照的研究方法,对广州市531名吸毒人员进行丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染危险因素的调查,资料采用Lo-gistic回归方法分析。结果表明:静脉吸毒(OR=6.68,P<0.001),非固定婚外性伴侣(OR=3.71,P<0.001),输液史(OR=2.64,P<0.01)和抗-HBc阳性(OR=1.74,P<0.05)是HCV感染独立的危险因素,而在性生活中使用避孕套(OR=0.37,P<0.005)是保护因素。提示广州市吸毒人群HCV感染的主要途径是血液传播,同时性传播途径也起着重要的作用。 相似文献
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Enea Spada Giovanni Rezza Anna Rosa Garbuglia Flavia Lucia Lombardo Ornella Zuccaro Francesca Menniti Ippolito Elisabetta Cupellaro Stefania Capone Maria Rosaria Capobianchi Alfredo Nicosia Riccardo Cortese Antonella Folgori Alfonso Mele The Collaborative Study Group 《Journal of urban health》2018,95(1):99-110
So far, only three small outdated studies have investigated hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence and risk factors among illicit drug users (DUs) in Italy. Thus, during 2007–2010, we conducted a prospective cohort study among DUs attending 17 Italian rehabilitation centers serving urban areas. Two hundred eighty-four HCV-uninfected DUs were prospectively followed by interview and anti-HCV antibody and RNA testing every 6 months. Incidence was calculated using the person-years method. Infection predictors were assessed by time-dependent Cox analysis. Participants were mostly male (83.4%), under opioid substitution therapy (OST) (78.9%), non-injecting DUs (67.9%), and with a mean age of 30.8. Ninety-one of 224 DUs initially under OST interrupted treatment during the follow-up. Overall HCV incidence was 5.83/100 person-years at risk (PYAR) [95% confidence intervals (CI), 3.63–9.38]. The incidence did not significantly differ according the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics or the degree of urbanization of the towns involved in the study. The incidence was higher for DUs under than for those not under OST (6.23 vs 4.50/100 PYAR; p = 0.681). Incidence was also higher for those with than for those without OST interruption (7.17 vs 5.04/100 PYAR; p = 0.55). However, all these differences were non-significant. At last follow-up visit, a significant decrease in frequency of sharing equipment for preparation/using drugs (by injection or not) was observed by analyzing either the whole cohort or DUs under OST only. Anti-HCV seroconversion resulted independently associated with sharing drug preparation/use equipment, backloading, having a HCV-positive sexual partner, or household and (marginally) intravenous injection. In this study, HCV incidence was non-negligible and OST seemed to lack effectiveness in reducing it. In Italy, implementation of combined harm reduction interventions and antiviral treatment of chronically infected DUs would be needed. 相似文献
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吸毒人群中MTB与HIV感染关系的调查 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 了解吸毒人群 (海洛因依赖者 )感染人类免疫缺陷病毒和结核分支杆菌的情况及其关系。方法 对广东省内某吸毒人群进行艾滋病抗体检测、结核菌素皮肤试验、胸部X线平片检查以及社会人口学调查。结果 在 80 3例吸毒者中检出 6 1例艾滋病抗体阳性者 ,检出率为 7 6 % ;399例吸毒者的结核菌素皮肤试验阳性率为 6 7 2 % (2 6 8/399) ,强阳性反应率为 2 1 3% (85 /399) ;35例结核菌素皮肤试验反应强阳性者胸部X线平片检查 ,发现有结核病灶的占 94 3% (33/35 )。结论 吸毒人群的HIV、MTB感染率和患病率均比普通人群高 ,吸毒 (共用针具传播HIV)—感染HIV—并发结核病形成一个相互促进的关系。表明控制艾滋病和结核病已成为目前公共卫生迫切要解决的问题。 相似文献
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Mehta SH Genberg BL Astemborski J Kavasery R Kirk GD Vlahov D Strathdee SA Thomas DL 《Journal of community health》2008,33(3):126-133
We characterized hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment knowledge, experience and barriers in a cohort of community-based injection
drug users (IDUs) in Baltimore, MD. In 2005, a questionnaire on HCV treatment knowledge, experience and barriers was administered
to HCV-infected IDUs. Self-reported treatment was confirmed from medical records. Of 597 participants, 71% were male, 95%
African-American, 31% HIV co-infected and 94% were infected with HCV genotype 1; 70% were aware that treatment was available,
but only 22% understood that HCV could be cured. Of 418 who had heard of treatment, 86 (21%) reported an evaluation by a provider
that included a discussion of treatment of whom 30 refused treatment, 20 deferred and 36 reported initiating treatment (6%
overall). The most common reasons for refusal were related to treatment-related perceptions and a low perceived need of treatment.
Compared to those who had discussed treatment with their provider, those who had not were more likely to be injecting drugs,
less likely to have health insurance, and less knowledgeable about treatment. Low HCV treatment effectiveness was observed
in this IDU population. Comprehensive integrated care strategies that incorporate education, case-management and peer support
are needed to improve care and treatment of HCV-infected IDUs. 相似文献
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目的了解湖南省吸毒人员庚型肝炎病毒(HGV)的感染情况及其影响因素。方法采用现况研究,通过整群抽样,随机抽取某男性戒毒所和某女性戒毒所中的吸毒人员,以问卷的方式调查吸毒人员595名,收集有关的资料并采集血标本,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中HGV抗体(IgG),采用Chi-square检验对数据进行统计分析。结果吸毒人员HGV感染率为8.74%。单因素分析:不同性别的吸毒者HGV感染率差异有显著性(χ2=28.650,P<0.05);不同年龄组、不同民族、不同文化程度、不同职业的吸毒者HGV感染率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。多因素分析:不同性别、不同文化程度的吸毒者HGV感染率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论吸毒人群是HGV感染的高危人群,吸毒人员中HGV感染与年龄、职业、民族无显著相关性,而与性别、文化程度有关。 相似文献
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Parastoo Kheirandish SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi MohammadReza Jahani Hadi Shirzad MohammadReza Seyed Ahmadian Ali Majidi AmirHoushang Sharifi Mostafa Hosseini Minoo Mohraz Willi McFarland 《Journal of urban health》2009,86(6):902-908
For the benefit of planning for the future care and treatment of people infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and to help
guide prevention and control programs, data are needed on HCV seroprevalence and associated risk factors. We conducted a cross-sectional
sero-behavioral survey of injection drug users (IDU) detained for mandatory rehabilitation during a police sweep of Tehran,
Iran, in early 2006. During the study period, a consecutive sample comprising 454 of 499 (91.0%) men arrested and determined
to be IDU by urine test and physical examination consented to a face-to-face interview and blood collection for HCV antibody
testing. Overall, HCV prevalence was 80.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 76.2–83.6). Factors independently associated with
HCV infection included history of incarceration (adjusted OR 4.35, 95% CI 1.88–10.08), age of first injection ≤25 years (OR
2.72, 95% CI 1.09–6.82), and history of tattooing (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.05–5.17). HCV prevalence in this population of IDU upon
intake to jail was extremely high and possibly approaching saturation. Findings support that incarceration is contributing
to the increased spread of HCV infection in Iran and calls for urgent increased availability of HCV treatment, long-term preparation
for the care of complications of chronic infection, and rapid scale-up of programs for the primary prevention of parenterally
transmitted infections among drug users. 相似文献
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应用第二代抗HCV试剂对我国不同地区肝病患者血清抗HCV进行了检测,同时调查了HBV和 HAV感染状况。 2016例肝病患者血清中抗 HCV检出率为 12. 25%,HBVm 检出率为 74. 55%,抗 HAV-IgM检出率为29.31%。各型肝病患者抗HCV检出情况分别是:急性肝炎62/752(8.24%);慢迁肝48/541(8.87%);慢活肝93/523(17.78%),慢性重症肝炎5/32(15.63%);肝硬化34/143(23.78%);肝癌5/25(20. 00%)。对不同年龄组肝病患者抗 HCV检出率的比较表明,抗 HCV检出率随患者年龄增加而增高。受血史及其他经血液暴露史与 HCV感染密切相关,但仍有近半数肝病患者 HCV感染途径不明。各型肝病患者中仅47/2016(2.13%)为单纯HCV感染,其他HCV感染者则为重叠感染。不同地区肝病患者血清抗HCV检出率间差异较大(2.15%~30.95%),北方地区较高,对其影响因素进行了探讨。 相似文献