麝香风湿胶囊的急性及长期毒性研究

目的：探讨麝香风湿胶囊的毒性,为临床用药提供安全性资料。方法：进行小鼠急性毒性及大鼠长期毒性试验。结果：小鼠灌胃给药的最大耐受量（ＭＴＤ）为１２ ｇ／ｋｇ。大鼠慢性毒性试验给药组分别灌胃给药４．０ ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）,和２．０ ｇ／（ｋｇ·ｄ）的受试品,连续８ 周,未见动物死亡,血液学及血液生化学各项指标试验组和对照组比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞ ０．０５）,病理组织学检查,高剂量组未见明显病理改变。结论：提示麝香风湿胶囊临床口服用药安全范围大     

复方川芎滴鼻液毒性实验研究

进行了复方川芎滴鼻液急性鼻性试验及粘膜刺激试验研究，给实验动物于２４ｈ内分３次灌胃复方川芎滴鼻液，每次０．８ｍｌ／２０ｇ，总剂量达４８７．２ｇ／ｋｇ此剂量相当于成人日服剂的１８２倍，未见动物死亡和出现明显毒副反应，且２组兔分别具有复方川芎滴鼻液和液体石蜡滴鼻后，鼻粘膜未见充血，水肿，结痂等，表明复方川芎滴鼻液毒性其小，可供临床滴鼻使用。     

补肾壮阳口服液的急性及长期毒性研究

补肾壮阳液急性毒性实验，口服最大耐受量为４０ｇ／ｋｇ．未见毒性症状。大鼠长期毒性实验灌胃给药２０ｇｌ／Ｋｇ、１０ｇ／ｌＫｇ和Ｓｇ／ｋｇ，连续４周，各组无动物死亡，动物外观、休重增长，血象、肝骨功能及各脏器指数与对照组无异。病捡报告高剂士组有３只大鼠部分肝细胞胞浆疏松化和气球样变，但留存动物停药１０ｄ后，病检均正常。提示补肾壮阳液临床口服用药安全范围较大。     

茶多酚急性、慢性毒性实验研究

目的：观察对茶多酚的急性和慢性的毒性反应。方法：小鼠分５组,剂量比值为１：０．８,连续灌胃７ｄ。按Ｂｌｉｓｓ法计算茶多酚ＬＤ５０。大鼠分对照组,茶多酚高、中、低剂量组,连续灌胃９０ｄ。结果：茶多酚ＬＤ５０为２．４９９ｇ／ｋｇ。动物长期服用茶多酚未出现体重、血常规、肝肾功能及脏器组织的毒性变化。结论：茶多酚属低毒性,对大鼠０．８ｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ＾－１的剂量相当于成人用量的１００倍以上,提示临床用药量是安     

黄芩茎叶总黄酮长期毒性研究

目的：观察大鼠长期口服黄苓茎叶总黄酮（ＴＦ）产生的毒性反应及其严重程度,毒性反应的耙器官及其损害的可逆性,为确定人用安全剂量提供依据。方法：Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠,分为０．５、１．０、２．０ｇ·ｋｇ－１ＴＦ和ＣＭＣ对照组,灌胃给药,连续９０ｄ,观察用ＴＦ９０ｄ和停药１４ｄ时对大鼠血液学、血液生化学、重要脏器系数及病理组织学的影响。结果：用药９０ｄ时２．０ｇ·ｋｇ－１ＴＦ组大鼠ＲＢＣ高于ＣＭＣ对照组,停药１４ｄ恢复正常。其它组大鼠的各项指标均无异常改变,也未发现迟发性毒性反应。结论：本实验所用高剂量高达小鼠最大耐受量的１／５,除出现一过性胃肠道毒性反应及用药９０ｄ时ＲＢＣ升高外,未见明显毒性反应,提示ＴＦ毒性较低     

胶态果胶铋对实验性大鼠急性胃炎及兔慢性胃炎疗效的观察

果胶铋是一种新型的铋制剂，实验发现：０．５ｇ／ｋｇ／ｄ果胶铋灌胃大鼠能够明显减轻由ＨＣＩ引起的急性胃炎胃粘膜的病变程度；同时还发现，０．２５／ｋｇ／ｄ果胶铋灌胃家兔对兔实验性变态反应性胃炎有明显的治疗作用，能显著减小病变面积，减轻或消除胃粘膜炎症，且未见溃疡发生。其疗效与得乐疗效相比无显著性差异。     

胃乐胶囊治疗消化性溃疡毒性实验研究

目的评价胃乐胶囊对动物的毒副作用。方法将小白鼠分成两组,急性毒性试验组１２０只,长期毒性试验组９０只。急毒组给胃乐混悬液,实验用０．５％羧甲基纤维纳配成２０％、１５％的混悬液,以不同浓度按０．３ｍｌ／１０ｇ体重的容量进行灌胃,来观察胃乐对小白鼠的急性毒性反应。长毒组分为５组,其中４组（ｎ＝２０）分别给胃乐混悬液８０００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１体重、４０００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１体重、１０００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１体重及生理盐水,另一组（ｎ＝１０）为胃乐混悬液大剂量附加组,剂量为８０００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１体重,来观察胃乐对小白鼠的长期毒性反应。结果两组动物均未发现任何内脏损害。结论动物实验证明胃乐胶囊是一种使用安全的中成药。     

中华眼镜蛇（Naja naja atra）毒细胞毒素对动物急性及长期毒性研究

目的探讨中华眼镜蛇毒中分离纯化的细胞毒素（ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＣｏｂｒｏＶｅｎｏｍ－Ｃｙｔｏｔｏｘｉｎ，ＣＶ－ＣＴＸ）对动物急性及长期毒性的作用。方法急性毒性：小鼠５０只，尾静脉一次注入不同剂量的ＣＶ－ＣＴＸ注射液，观察７ｄ内死亡率。犬５只，戊巴比妥钠静脉麻醉后，分别静脉恒速注入不同剂量的ＣＶ－ＣＴＸ，观察５ｈ内血压、心电图及呼吸的变化。长期毒性：大鼠１６０只分别腹腔注射生理盐水２０ｍｌ、ＣＶ－ＣＴＸ２５０，５００，１０００μｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ－１，连续４０ｄ。结果（１）小鼠急性ＬＤ５０及其９５％可信限为１１５８．７（１０７０～１２５４．６）μｇ／ｋｇ，中毒症状呈匍伏、毛松、懒动直到心跳停止，解剖未见重要脏器（心、肺、肝、脾、肾）明显变化。（２）犬静脉恒速注入１００μｇ／ｋｇ间隔１ｈ，共５次，呼吸、血压、心电图未见明显变化，一次超过５００μｇ／ｋｇ，可使心律不齐而停搏，呼吸停止。（３）大鼠长期毒性实验，３个剂量组，连续用药４０ｄ，无一死亡，肝、肾功能及血液生化均无明显影响。病理检查高剂量组部分动物肝脏中度浊肿及水样变性和散在点状坏死，肺有散在性出血；中剂量组肝脏轻度浊肿，偶伴有水样变性，个别动物有小点状坏死，肺有点状出     

葛根总黄酮的急性毒性及长期毒性实验

目的：观察葛根总黄酮的毒性。方法：采用简化机率单位法计算其对小鼠的急性毒性。结果;腹腔注射ＬＤ５０为５．９７（５．４６－６．４８）ｇ／ｋｇ,经口灌胃为１０．１１（９．４１－１０．８）ｇ／ｋｇ,对大鼠长期毒性;给动物经口灌胃葛根总黄酮剂量为２．５０,１．６６及０．８３ｇ／ｋｇ,１次／ｄ,连用９０ｄ;动物一般情况良好,除大,中剂量对雄性动物体重及白细胞总数稍有影响外,对血小板,血色素,肝肾功能及各主要     

葛根总黄酮的急性毒性及长期毒性实验

观察葛根总黄酮的毒性。方法：采用简化机率单位法计算其对小鼠的急性毒性（ＬＤ５０）。结果：腹 腔注射ＬＤ５０为５．９７（５．４６－６．４８）ｇ／ｋｇ,经口灌胃ＬＤ５０为１０．１１（９．４１－１０．８）ｇ／ｋｇ。对大鼠长期毒性：给动物经口灌胃 葛根总黄酮剂量为 ２．５０,１．６６及０．８３ ｇ／ｋｇ,１次／ｄ,连用９０ ｄ;动物一般情况良好,除大、中剂量对雄性动物体重及白 细胞总数稍有影响外,对血小板、血色素、肝肾功能及各主要脏器病理组织学均无明显影响。结论：长期应用本品 可能不产生蓄积性毒性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.