Livin与Smac在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨凋亡抑制因子Livin和凋亡促进因子Smac在人肝细胞癌组织中的表达及相关性，分析其与肝细胞癌转移复发的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学sP法检测80例肝细胞癌组织和癌旁组织中Livin和Smac蛋白的表达。结果：80例肝细胞癌癌组织中Smac表达率显著低于癌旁组织（P〈0．05）。Livin的表达与临床分期、门脉癌栓、术后复发、肝外转移及肿瘤大小密切相关（P〈0．05）；Smac的表达与临床分期、门脉癌栓、术后复发、肝外转移及肿瘤分化程度密切相关（P〈0．05）。Livin和Smac的表达呈显著负相关（r=-0．324，P=0．003）。结论：Livin的高表达及Smac的失活可能在肝细胞癌的发生及进展中起着重要作用。     

乳腺癌组织Livin与Smac表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨凋亡抑制因子Livin和凋亡促进因子Smac在人乳腺癌组织中的表达及相关性,分析其与乳腺癌转移复发的关系.方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法检测80例乳腺癌组织和相应的癌旁组织中Livin和Smac蛋白的表达情况.结果:80例乳腺癌组织中LMn蛋白表达的阳性率为63.75%(51/80),显著高于相应的癌旁组织的50.00%(40/80),P=0.003;乳腺癌组织中Srnac表达为42.50%(34/80),显著低于癌旁组织的72.50%(58/80),P=0.000.两者的表达与组织学分级、肿瘤大小、腋窝淋巴结转移、术后复发及c-erbB-2表达密切相关,P<0.05.Livin和Smac的表达呈显著负相关,r=-0.299,P=0.007.结论:Livin的高表迭及Smac的失活可能在乳腺癌的发生、发展中起着重要作用.     

survivin与HIF-1α在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及意义

目的 探讨凋亡抑制蛋白生存素(survivin)和缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)在人肝细胞癌组织中的表达及相关性,分析其与肝细胞癌转移复发的关系.方法 应用免疫组化S-P法检测80例肝细胞癌组织和癌旁组织中survivivn和HIF-1α蛋白的表达情况.结果 80例肝细胞癌组织中survivivn和HIF-1α蛋白表达的阳性率显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05),两者的表达与门脉癌栓、术后复发、肝外转移、肿瘤大小、肿瘤分化程度表达密切相关,HIF-1α的表达还与临床分期有关(P<0.05).survivivn和HIF-1α的表达有显著相关性(r=0.349,P=0.001).结论 survivivn和HIF-1α与肝细胞癌侵袭转移的发生有密切关系.     

乳腺癌组织中Livin mRNA与Smac蛋白的表达

 目的 探讨凋亡抑制因子Livin mRNA和凋亡促进因子Smac蛋白在人乳腺癌的表达及相关性,分析其与乳腺癌转移复发的关系。方法 收集50例乳腺癌和相应的癌旁组织,应用逆转录聚合酶链反应技术和免疫组织化学法检测组织中Livin mRNA与Smac的表达水平。结果 50例乳腺癌组织中Livin mRNA表达的阳性率显著高于相应的癌旁组织（P＝0.000）,癌组织中Smac表达的率显著低于癌旁组织（P＝0.008）。Livin mRNA的表达与TNM分期、腋窝淋巴结转移、术后复发及C-erbB-2表达密切相关（P<0.05）。Smac的表达与TNM分期、组织学分级、腋窝淋巴结转移、术后复发及C erbB 2密切相关（P<0.05）。Livin mRNA和Smac的表达有显著负相关性（γ=-0.357,P=0.011）。结论 Livin mRNA的高表达及Smac的失活可能在乳腺癌的发生及进展中起着重要作用。     

Livin与Smac在鼻咽癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨凋亡抑制因子Livin和凋亡促进因子Smac在鼻咽癌组织的表达及相关性,分析其与鼻咽癌转移复发的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学SP法检测80例鼻咽癌组织和鼻咽慢性炎组织中Livin和Smac蛋白的表达情况。结果：80例鼻咽癌组织中Livin蛋白表达的阳性率显著高于鼻咽慢性炎组织（P=0.000）,癌组织中Smac表达的阳性率显著低于鼻咽慢性炎组织（P=0.000）。鼻咽癌组织中Livin的表达与颈淋巴结转移、远处转移、复发及临床分期密切相关（P〈0.05）;Smac的表达与T分期、颈淋巴结转移、远处转移、复发及临床分期密切相关（P〈0.05）。Livin和Smac的表达呈显著负相关（γ=-0.368,P=0.001）。结论：Livin的高表达及Smac的失活可能在鼻咽癌的发生及进展中起着重要作用。     

Ezrin与E-cadherin在肝细胞癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨埃兹蛋白(Ezrin)和上皮钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)在人肝细胞癌组织中的表达和相关因素,及与肝细胞癌转移复发的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测80例肝细胞癌组织和癌旁组织中Ezrin和E-cadherin蛋白的表达情况。结果:80例肝细胞癌组织中Ezrin蛋白表达的阳性率61.25%显著高于癌旁组织的42.50%(P<0.05),其表达还与临床分期、门脉癌栓、术后复发、肝外转移、肿瘤分化程度密切相关。E-cadherin蛋白在癌旁组织中的阳性率70.00%显著高于癌组织的47.50%,其表达与门脉癌栓、肝外转移、肿瘤细胞分化程度密切相关(P<0.05)。Ezrin和E-cadherin蛋白的表达呈显著负相关(γ=-0.425,P=0.000)。结论:Ezrin蛋白的高表达和E-cadherin蛋白的失活与肝细胞癌侵袭转移有密切关系,对判断肝细胞癌恶性程度及预后具有参考意义。     

Smac/DIABLO与Livin在乳腺癌组织表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨凋亡促进因子Smac/DIABLO和凋亡抑制因子Livin在人乳腺癌组织中的表达及相关性,分析其与乳腺癌转移复发的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法检测76例乳腺癌组织和相应的癌旁组织中Livin和Smac蛋白的表达情况。结果:76例乳腺癌组织中Livin蛋白表达的阳性率为67.8%(51/76),显著高于相应的癌旁组织的59.2%(36/76),P<0.05;乳腺癌组织中Smac表达为52.6%(40/76),显著低于癌旁组织的75.0%(57/76),P<0.05。两者的表达与组织学分级、肿瘤大小、腋窝淋巴结转移以及术后复发密切相关,P<0.05。Livin和Smac表达呈显著负相关,γ=-0.238,P<0.05。结论:Livin的高表达及Smac/DIABLO的低表达或失活可能在乳腺癌的发生、发展中起重要作用。     

Smac/DIABLO与Livin在乳腺癌组织表达及其临床意义

目的：探讨凋亡促进因子Smac/DIABLO和凋亡抑制因子Livin在人乳腺癌组织中的表达及相关性,分析其与乳腺癌转移复发的关系。方法：应用免疫组织化学SP法检测76例乳腺癌组织和相应的癌旁组织中Livin和Smac蛋白的表达情况。结果：76例乳腺癌组织中Livin蛋白表达的阳性率为67.8%（51/76）,显著高于相应的癌旁组织的59.2%（36/76）,P〈0.05;乳腺癌组织中Smac表达为52.6%（40/76）,显著低于癌旁组织的75.0%（57/76）,P〈0.05。两者的表达与组织学分级、肿瘤大小、腋窝淋巴结转移以及术后复发密切相关,P〈0.05。Livin和Smac表达呈显著负相关,γ=-0.238,P〈0.05。结论：Livin的高表达及Smac/DIABLO的低表达或失活可能在乳腺癌的发生、发展中起重要作用。     

肝细胞癌组织STAT3和p14ARF蛋白的表达和相关性研究

目的 探讨STAT3和p14ARF蛋白在入肝细胞癌组织中的表达及相关性,分析其与肝细胞癌转移复发的关系.方法 应用免疫组织化学方法检测60例肝细胞癌组织和癌旁组织中STAT3和p14ARF蛋白的表达情况.结果 STAT3及p14ARF蛋白在60例肝细胞癌及癌旁组织中的表达差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).STAT3的表达与脉管癌栓、术后复发、肿瘤直径、肿瘤细胞分化密切相关(P＜0.05);p14ARF蛋白的表达与肿瘤分化程度密切相关(P＜0.05).STAT3和p14ARF蛋白的表达呈显著负相关(r=-0.325,P=0.011).结论 STAT3和p14ARF蛋白在肝细胞癌的发生及发展中起着重要作用.     

Hpa与肝癌的侵袭转移、预后和Ki67表达的临床研究

目的:探讨乙酰肝素酶(Heparanase,Hpa)在肝癌中的表达及其与肝癌临床病理特征及肿瘤细胞增殖活性的关系.方法:采用RT-PCR法检测Hpa mRNA在肝细胞肝癌、癌旁肝组织中的表达,同时应用免疫组织化学法检测Ki67在肝细胞肝癌中的表达.结果:肝癌Hpa mRNA的表达显著高于癌旁及正常肝组织(P＜0.05),肝癌组织中Hpa mRNA的表达与肿瘤包膜受侵、门脉受侵、肝内转移、TNM分期、复发率及平均无瘤生存期有关(P＜0.05).肝癌Hpa mRNA的高表达组Ki67指数显著高于低表达组(P＜0.05).结论:Hpa mRNA在肝癌中呈高表达,并与肝癌的侵袭转移、复发、预后及肿瘤的增殖活性有关.     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and risk for esophageal and head and neck cancers

Alcoholic beverages are causally related to cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and esophagus. Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde and then to acetate by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), both of which have genetic polymorphisms. A review of case-control studies of the effects of ALDH2, ADH2 and ADH3 genotypes shows consistently positive associations between inactive heterozygous ALDH2 and the less-active ADH2 genotypes and the risk for esophageal cancer in East Asian heavy drinkers and this enzyme-related vulnerability may extend to light-to-moderate drinkers. Some studies suggest similar associations with the risk for head and neck cancer in moderate-to-heavy-drinking Japanese. An established carcinogen in experimental animals, acetaldehyde can interact with human DNA. ALDH2-associated cancer susceptibility fits into a scenario in which acetaldehyde plays a critical role in the development of human cancer. Alcohol flushing and drinking behavior may partly explain this carcinogenic effect in carriers of less-active ADH2 genotypes. Whether the ADH3 genotype influences head and neck cancer risk in Western nations is controversial. Professional and public education about risky conditions connected to the ALDH2 and ADH2 genotypes and environmental factors is important in a new strategic approach to the prevention of alcohol-related cancers in East Asians. The use of simple tests to identify inactive ALDH2 on the basis of alcohol flushing responses could benefit many people, by helping them to identify their own cancer risks. Such testing could also help clinicians diagnose esophageal cancer earlier, through the use of endoscopic screening in the high-risk population.     

Religiosity and Physical and Emotional Functioning Among African American and White Colorectal and Lung Cancer Patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

New and emerging radiosensitizers and radioprotectors

The combination of chemotherapy and radiation has led to clinical breakthroughs in several disease sites, and current work continues to define optimum combinations of proven chemotherapy as well as more recently available, noncytotoxic agents. Administration of systemic therapies allows modulation of radiation response to improve tumor control (radiosensitization) or to prevent normal tissue toxicity (radioprotection). Substantial progress has been made in identifying the targets of standard chemotherapeutic radiation sensitizers and protectors as well as in the introduction of a new generation of molecularly targeted therapies in combination with radiation. We have reviewed the most recent, predominantly early phase clinical trials combining systemic agents with radiation. Although the proof of an improved schedule ultimately needs to come from well-run Phase III trials, the search among schedules could be shortened by the use of surrogate endpoints such as presence of active drug metabolites in the tumor. This has been accomplished only in a few cases and needs to become a more standard part of radiation sensitizer and protector trials.