类维生素A对单个核细胞白细胞介素2受体表达及细胞因子分泌的影响

目的：　观察视黄醇、视黄酸、维生素Ａ 醋酸酯三种类维生素Ａ（类ＶＡ）在体外对正常人外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）中淋巴细胞白细胞介素２ 受体（ＩＬ－２Ｒ）表达、白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）分泌及单核细胞分泌白细胞介素１（ＩＬ－１）的影响。方法：　分别测定１０－ １０～１０－ ６ｍ ｏｌ／Ｌ浓度范围三种类ＶＡ作用下ＩＬ－２ 受体表达、ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－２ 含量，再测定、比较三种类ＶＡ在１０－ ９浓度时上述作用大小。结果：　在一定浓度（１０－ １０～１０－ ７ｍ ｏｌ）范围，三种物质能不同程度促进高亲和力ＩＬ－２Ｒ表达和ＩＬ－１、ＩＬ－２ 分泌。结论：　类ＶＡ可能作用于ＰＢＭＣ活化早期，促进其功能，且作用大小与类ＶＡ种类及浓度有关。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者外周单个核细胞分泌细胞因子的实验研究

目的探讨慢性乙肝患者外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)分泌肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平及与病毒载量的关系。方法采用ELISA法测定60例正常人和138例不同病程慢性乙肝患者PBMC中经植物血凝素(PHA)刺激前后TNF-α、IFNγ-、IL-6在上清液中的表达水平,并用荧光定量PCR法检测PBMC中HBV DNA水平。结果正常对照组及各种慢性乙肝患者PBMC上清液中TNF-α、IFNγ-、IL-6均有表达,HBV感染者三种细胞因子表达水平高于对照组,随着病情程度加重,表达水平逐渐增高(P<0.05);经PHA刺激后对照组及患者组TNFα-、IFN-γ、IL-6水平均有明显增高(P<0.01),但患者组升高水平均低于对照组(P<0.05);随着HBV DNA水平增高,PBMC中TNF-α、IFN-γ表达水平逐渐减低,而IL-6活性逐渐增高(P<0.05)。结论慢性乙肝患者PBMC可分泌TNF-α、IFNγ-、IL-6,其表达水平与宿主病毒载量有关。Th1/Th2细胞因子失衡在PBMC抗病毒免疫受抑,乙型肝炎慢性化进程中起着重要作用。     

匹多莫德对反复呼吸道感染患儿Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响

目的 观察匹多莫德对反复呼吸道感染(RRI)患儿外周血,Th1/Th2细胞因子的影响.方法选择RRI患儿60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例.对照组予以常规抗炎、对症治疗.治疗组在对照组治疗基础上,加用匹多莫德口服液(意大利多帕药业有限公司生产,每支7 ml),急性感染期每次7 ml,2次/d;急性感染期过后,每次7 ml,1次/d;60 d为1个疗程.双抗体夹心ELLSA法检测两组患儿治疗前后培养上清液单个核细胞(PBMC)中白细胞介素(IL)-4和干扰素γ(IFN-γ)水平的变化.结果治疗组培养上清液PBMC中IL-4水平治疗前为(71.2±10.2)ng/L,治疗后为(19.0±6.2)ng/L(P<0.01);IFN-γ水平治疗前为(13.5±1.3) μg/L,治疗后为(69.9±13.0)μg/L(P<0.01).而对照组治疗前后培养上清液PBMC中IL-4和IFN-γ水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论匹多莫德能增强RRI患儿,Th1介导的细胞免疫应答,抑制Th2介导的体液免疫应答,调整Th1/Th2细胞因子平衡,临床疗效确切,安全性高,是治疗儿童RRI较理想的药物.     

医院下呼吸道感染患者T细胞亚群白细胞介素2活性测定

目的 了解难治性下呼吸道医院感染患者的细胞免疫功能。方法 对难治性医院下呼吸道感染31例患者的T淋巴细胞亚群和外周血单核细胞（PBMC）分泌白细胞介素2（IL－2）活性进行检测，并设置同期对照组31例。结果 难治组CD3、CD4、CD4／CD8明显低于对照组（P＜0．05）；难治组PBMC分泌IL－2的活性明显低于对照组（P＜0．01）。结论 难治性医院下呼吸道感染患者T淋巴细胞亚群紊乱，其PBMC分泌IL－2的活性低下。     

外周血单核细胞IFN-α和IL-18表达与慢性丙肝患者干扰素应答的关系

目的检测慢性丙肝(CHC)患者外周血单核细胞(PBMC)α干扰素(IFN-α)及白细胞介素18(IL-18)mRNA的表达,探讨慢性丙肝患者细胞免疫功能与干扰素应答的关系。方法聚肌胞(PolyIC)体外刺激正常对照组和慢性丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染组患者PBMC,取培养上清利用病毒保护试验测定IFN-α2b治疗前后病人PBMC表达的干扰素抗病毒生物学活性。同时用脂多糖(LPS)体外刺激不同组PBMC,RT-PCR检测PBMC IL-18 mRNA水平的变化。结果治疗前干扰素治疗应答组患者(n=12)和无应答组患者(n=26)PBMC分泌的干扰素抗病毒生物学活性显著低于正常对照组(n=20)(均P<0.01)。应答组患者PB-MC分泌的干扰素活性随治疗时间延长而增加,1个月已显著高于无应答组患者(P<0.01);无应答组患者PBMC分泌的干扰素活性始终处于低下水平。治疗前,应答组患者和无应答组患者PBMC IL-18 mRNA水平也显著低于正常对照组(均P<0.01);治疗后,应答组患者IL-18 mRNA水平随治疗时间延长而升高,1个月时显著高于无应答组患者(P<0.01),无应答组患者IL-18 mRNA水平始终较低。PBMC IFN-α活性和IL-18 mRNA水平有良好的正相关性(r=0.873,P<0.01)。结论慢性HCV感染无应答组的细胞免疫功能受损,不能正常表达IFN-α和IL-18,而应答组经干扰素治疗后表达能力逐渐恢复。慢性丙肝患者PBMC IFN-α活性和IL-18 mRNA水平检测可以作为干扰素治疗预后的判断指标。     

白细胞介素-15在肺炎支原体感染患儿血清中的变化及临床意义

目的:探讨肺炎支原体(MP)感染患儿血清白细胞介素(IL)-15的变化及临床意义。方法:应用酶联免疫吸附实验的方法分别检测161例MP感染患儿血清IL-15水平,其中急性期77例、恢复期53例、健康儿童31例。结果:MP感染患儿急性期IL-15水平明显高于恢复期和健康对照组,有非常显著差异(P<0.001);恢复期患儿血清IL-15高于健康对照组,差异显著(P<0.01)。结论:MP感染后血清IL-15水平明显增高,提示IL-15参与了MP感染的发病过程。     

乙型肝炎患者血清IL-1β、IL-6和IL-8水平检测及意义

目的　研究血清白细胞介素 - 1β(Interleukin- 1β,IL - 1β)、白细胞介素 - 6 (IL - 6 )和白细胞介素 - 8(IL -8)水平与慢性乙型肝炎 (CHB)的关系。　方法　采用放射免疫分析法 (RIA)检测了 96例 CHB患者及 4 8例健康人血清IL - 1β、IL - 6及 IL - 8的浓度。　结果　 CHB患者血清 IL - 1β、IL - 6和 IL - 8水平均显著高于正常对照组 (P<0 .0 1)CHB患者 IL - 1β、IL - 6和 IL - 8水平增高与血清 HBV- DNA呈正相关 (P<0 .0 1)。　结论　 IL - 1β、IL - 6和 IL - 8参与 CHB免疫病理损伤过程 ,检测血清 IL - 1β、IL - 6和 IL - 8在判断 CHB患者肝损伤程度及预后有临床实用价值     

匹多莫德对反复呼吸道感染患儿Th1／Th2细胞因子的影响

目的观察匹多莫德对反复呼吸道感染（RRI）患儿外周血Th1／Th2细胞因子的影响。方法选择RRI患儿60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组予以常规抗炎、对症治疗。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上,加用匹多莫德口服液（意大利多帕药业有限公司生产,每支7m1）,急性感染期每次7ml,2次／d;急性感染期过后,每次7ml,1次／d;60d为1个疗程。双抗体夹心ELISA法检测两组患儿治疗前后培养上清液单个核细胞（PBMC）中自细胞介素（IL）-4和干扰素γ（IFN-γ）水平的变化。结果治疗组培养上清液PBMC中IL-4水平治疗前为（71．2±10．2）ng／L,治疗后为（19．0±6．2）ng／L（P〈0．01）;IFN-γ水平治疗前为（13．5±1．3）μg／L,治疗后为（69．9±13．0）μg,（P〈0．01）。而对照组治疗前后培养上清液PBMC中IL-4和IFN-γ水平比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论匹多莫德能增强RRI患儿Th1介导的细胞免疫应答,抑制Th2介导的体液免疫应答,调整Th1／Th2细胞因子平衡,临床疗效确切,安全性高,是治疗儿童RRI较理想的药物。     

硒对人外周血单个核细胞IL-2系统的影响

为探讨硒、脂质过氧化反应与人外周血单个核细胞 (PBMC)功能的关系 ,离体观察了人PBMC经硒和脂质过氧化诱导剂叔丁基过氧化氢 (tBHP)作用后分泌IL - 2活性、表达IL - 2R阳性百分率和培养液中过氧化脂质 (MDA)含量变化。结果 ,PBMC产生IL - 2活性及其膜上IL - 2R表达百分率随tBHP剂量的增加而降低 ,培养液中MDA含量呈相反变化。直线相关分析表明 ,培养液中MDA含量与PBMC产生IL - 2活性水平呈负相关 (r =- 0 .978,P <0 .0 1)。而经硒预保护作用 6h的PBMC仍保持较高的IL - 2分泌和IL - 2R表达能力。同时发现硒对正常人PBMC分泌IL - 2和表达IL - 2R无显著影响。提示脂质过氧化反应可影响人PBMC的功能 ,硒对此具有保护性调节作用     

矽肺患者外周血白细胞介素-2分泌活性的研究

恶性肿瘤、流感、免疫性疾病及重症肝炎等疾病患者血清中的肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrotic factor,TNF)活性和外周血白细胞介素-2(interlleukin-2,IL-2)分泌活性有不同的变化[1-4]。我们应用改良的噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测了40例矽肺患者外周血淋巴细胞在植物血凝素(phytohae-magglutinin,PHA)刺激下产生的IL-2活性,对进一步了解矽肺患者的免疫功能及免疫反应细胞的变化有一定的临床意义。     

大剂量维生素A对反复呼吸道感染的干预作用

对２～６岁反复呼吸道感染（ＲＲＩ）病例进行了大剂量维生素Ａ（ＶＡ）干预的随机对照研究，治疗组２７例（服ＶＡ２０万ＩＵ），病例对照组２２例（服空白对照丸），结果显示：服药后第４周末治疗组血清ＶＡ水平高于病例对照组，差异有显着性（Ｐ＜０．０５），血清游离白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）低于病例对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），白细胞介素１（ＩＬ－１）、白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）两组差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），但治疗组ＩＬ－２增加值大于病例对照组，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；服药后４个月内呼吸道感染（包括下呼吸道感染）人次数治疗组低于病例对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示，大剂量ＶＡ干预能改善ＲＲＩ儿童ＶＡ营养状态及免疫功能，降低呼吸道感染发病率。     

Dietary alpha-linolenic acid inhibits proinflammatory cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in hypercholesterolemic subjects

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. We previously reported that a diet high in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) reduces lipid and inflammatory cardiovascular disease risk factors in hypercholesterolemic subjects. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the effects of a diet high in ALA on serum proinflammatory cytokine concentrations and cytokine production by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from subjects fed the experimental diets. DESIGN: A randomized, controlled, 3-diet, 3-period crossover study design was used. Hypercholesterolemic subjects (n = 23) were assigned to 3 experimental diets: a diet high in ALA (ALA diet; 6.5% of energy), a diet high in linoleic acid (LA diet; 12.6% of energy), and an average American diet (AAD) for 6 wk. Serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentrations and the production of IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha by PBMCs were measured. RESULTS: IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha production by PBMCs and serum TNF-alpha concentrations were lower (P < 0.05 and P < 0.08, respectively) with the ALA diet than with the LA diet or AAD. PBMC production of TNF-alpha was inversely correlated with ALA (r = -0.402, P = 0.07) and with eicosapentaenoic acid (r = -0.476, P = 0.03) concentrations in PBMC lipids with the ALA diet. Changes in serum ALA were inversely correlated with changes in TNF-alpha produced by PBMCs (r = -0.423, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased intakes of dietary ALA elicit antiinflammatory effects by inhibiting IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha production in cultured PBMCs. Changes in PBMC ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid (derived from dietary ALA) are associated with beneficial changes in TNF-alpha release. Thus, the cardioprotective effects of ALA are mediated in part by a reduction in the production of inflammatory cytokines.     

Immunologic properties differ in preterm infants fed olive oil vs soy-based lipid emulsions during parenteral nutrition

BACKGROUND: In the first period of life, premature infants need parenteral nutrition. Lipid emulsions (LEs), which are a part of parenteral nutrition, are known as potent immunological modulators and may therefore influence the immune status of parenterally fed infants. The aim of the study was to compare tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10 production in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of premature infants parenterally fed with 2 LEs: olive oil (OO) and soybean oil (SO). METHODS: Premature infants born at <32 weeks' gestation and with a birth weight <1500 g were randomized in a double-blind method within the first 48 hours of life to receive 1 of 2 LEs: OO based or SO based. At baseline and after 14 days, blood samples were collected, and PBMCs were isolated and then cultured for 48 hours in medium only and in the presence of anti-CD3 antibodies. RESULTS: Of 44 recruited infants, 38 completed the study, 18 in the OO group and 20 in the SO group. The cytokine synthesis profile before the LE introduction was the same in both groups (nonstimulated and anti-CD3-induced PBMC). In the succeeding 14 days of parenteral nutrition, TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 levels in nonstimulated PBMCs remained unchanged in both groups. In contrast, IL-6 production was significantly higher in the SO group. CONCLUSIONS: SO-based LE may promote an excess of IL-6 production, especially in the T cell-dependent way of PBMC activation (via anti-CD3). OO emulsion seems to be immunologically more neutral than SO emulsion.     

宫内感染乙型肝炎病毒对新生儿Th1/Th2细胞的影响

目的:探讨乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)侵犯新生儿外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)后,对新生儿免疫功能的影响,了解其免疫失败发生的机理。方法:聚合酶链反应法(PCR)检测151例乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阳性孕妇及其新生儿血清和PBMC的HBV-DNA。根据新生儿PBMC中HBV-DNA分成阴性和阳性组,将新生儿的PBMC分别在植物血凝素(PHA)和纯化HBsAg刺激下进行体外细胞培养,检测培养上清液中细胞因子干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素12(IL-12)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)的分泌含量。结果:①151例新生儿中,宫内感染率为37.8%(57/151)。②新生儿宫内感染组中IFN-γ、IL-12水平显著低于宫内未感染组,IL-6水平则显著高于宫内未感染组(P<0.05)。两组新生儿血清中IFN-γ与IL-12水平均呈显著正相关(P<0.01,P<0.05);IL-12与IL-6呈显著负相关(P<0.01,P<0.05);IFN-γ与IL-6亦呈显著负相关(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:HBV侵犯新生儿PBMC后,新生儿细胞免疫功能紊乱导致Th1型细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-12水平下降,而Th2型细胞因子IL-6水平上升,IFN-γ、IL-12抗病毒作用减弱,不利于新生儿体内HBV清除,易导致宫内感染。     

吸烟对人体外周血白介素2及其受体系统影响研究

选取北京城区及近郊４２例健康吸烟者和与之年龄、生活方式相配对的健康非吸烟者作为研究对象，分离其外周血单核细胞（ＰＢＭＣＳ），在３７℃、５％ＣＯ２条件下经植物血凝素（ＰＨＡ）刺激活化。采用免疫化学技术检测活化４８小时后的白介素２（ＩＬ－２）分泌细胞百分数、活化７２小时后的膜白介素２受体（ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ）阳性细胞百分数和血清中可溶性白介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平。结果显示：在体外条件下，吸烟组ｍＩＬ－２Ｒ阳性细胞百分数显著高于非吸烟组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；血清中ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平吸烟组显著高于非吸烟组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；吸烟组ＩＬ－２分泌细胞百分数有高于非吸烟组的趋势（Ｐ＝０．０８）。指标的变化与吸烟的状况也有一定的关系。提示吸烟引起吸烟者体内作为细胞因子网络重要环节之一的ＩＬ－２及其受体系统发生改变     

Cytokine production patterns and antibody response to measles vaccine

Cytokines play an important role in the immune response to live measles virus immunization. To gain further insight into the cytokine production profile in response to measles vaccination, we studied interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in both supernatants from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), and plasma. We enrolled 57 healthy infants and children residing in an area where no measles virus circulated in their lifetimes. Overall analysis of cytokines in supernatants from PBMC showed that a predominant Th1 cytokine pattern occurs after the second dose of measles immunization. However, plasma levels of Th1 cytokines (IFN-gamma, sIL-2R and TNF-alpha) were preferentially activated by measles virus after the first dose of measles vaccination. Median IFN-gamma plasma levels were 1.73 pg/ml for infants compared to 0.63 pg/ml for older children (P = 0.003). These data suggest that after the first and the second dose of measles virus immunization, there is a predominant Th1-type directed immune response, but the Th1 cytokine pattern seems to be stronger in previously unvaccinated children. There was no correlation between cytokine production by PBMC supernatants after PHA stimulation and circulating levels of plasma cytokines. No relationship was found between any specific cytokine level and measles antibody level.     

哮喘儿童IL-13水平和肺功能1秒钟用力呼气容积变化的研究

目的:观察哮喘急性发作期儿童经GINA方案的系统治疗前后外周血单个核细胞(PBMC) 培养上清液中IL-13和肺功能1秒钟用力呼气容积(FEV1 ) 的变化及相互关系。方法: 采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定23例中度急性发作期哮喘患儿治疗前后、正常对照组儿童(20例) PBMC培养上清液中IL-13水平, 并同时测肺功能1秒钟用力呼气容积(FEV1 ) 占预计值的百分比。结果: 哮喘患儿急性发作期PBMC培养上清液中IL-13水平( 169. 66±14. 51 ) ng/L较正常对照组( 92 .68±13. 80) ng/L为高, 差别非常显著(P<0 .01)。同时显示, 哮喘患儿急性发作期FEV1 值占预计值的百分比为(69. 78±8 .30),明显低于正常对照组(98 .35±5 .36), 差别非常显著(P<0 .01)。哮喘患儿治疗前、后PBMC培养上清液中IL-13测定: 治疗后为(120 .21±16 .35) ng/L明显低于急性发作期, 仍高于正常对照组, 差别非常显著(P<0 .01)。FEV1 占预计值的百分比测定: 治疗后为(82 .56±10. 40) 明显高于急性发作期, 肺功能有所改善, 但仍低于正常对照组, 差别非常显著(P<0. 01)。直线相关分析表明, 哮喘急性发作期IL-13与FEV1 占预计值的百分比呈负相关(r=-0 493, P<0 05)。结论: IL-13在哮喘的急性发病中起着重要作用, 其可能是构成气道慢性炎症的各类因素之一。IL-13水?     

Cytokine production by blood mononuclear cells from in-patients with anorexia nervosa

Although protein-energy malnutrition is a common cause of immunodeficiency, the immune function in underweight anorexia nervosa (AN) patients usually seems to be better preserved than would be expected. However, a deranged cytokine production and its consequences are currently being investigated in these patients. This study was aimed at measuring, over time, the capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from AN in-patients to produce several cytokines involved in the regulation of immune responses. The in vitro production of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta by phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated PBMC were assessed on forty female adolescents with AN. These measures were carried out twice, upon hospital admission and at discharge, which occurred on average after 1 month. Thirty-five control subjects were also studied. Cytokines were measured by ELISA kits. The production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 was lower and production of IL-1 beta higher in AN patients than in the control group at both time points of assessment. Refeeding for 1 month was not enough time to reverse these differences and patients still had a low body weight at discharge. IFN-gamma production was lower in the patients than in control subjects only at discharge and no differences were found in IL-2 production between both groups. The results suggest that a mechanism involving modifications in the secretion pattern of proinflammatory cytokines could explain some immune function findings in underweight AN patients.