颈椎前路钢板系统在颈椎肿瘤手术中的应用

目的:探讨颈椎前路带锁钢板系统在颈椎肿瘤手术治疗中的应用价值。方法:对8例颈椎肿瘤患者采取前路椎体切除、自体髂骨植骨以及颈椎前路带锁钢板ORION内固定手术治疗。结果:8例患者得到8~21个月随访,平均12.5个月,2.9~4.3个月内所有植骨均骨性融合,平均融合时间3.4个月,瘫痪患者神经功能均有不同程度恢复,1例术后出现短暂声嘶,1例术后出现吞咽困难,无钢板螺钉断裂、松动或脱出及其他并发症。结论:颈椎前路带锁钢板系统在手术切除颈椎椎体和肿瘤后能提供即刻稳定性,有利于促进神经功能的恢复。     

颈椎带锁钢板在颈椎病治疗中的应用价值

目的　评价颈椎前路带锁钢板内固定治疗颈椎病的临床效果。方法　对 4 8例颈椎病患者手术应用带锁钢板固定 ,并对植骨愈合、颈椎生理弧度恢复、神经功能恢复进行观察。结果　术后随访 3～ 2 2个月 ,平均 11个月。椎间植骨全部融合 ,1例钢板螺丝钉松动者植骨在术后 6个月融合 ;术前JOA评分平均 10 .9分 ,术后平均 14 .8分。结论　在颈椎病前路手术治疗中 ,颈椎带锁钢板具有即刻及良好的稳定作用 ,可以提高植骨融合率 ,恢复椎间高度及生理弧度 ,对颈椎病患者神经功能恢复有利。     

钛网融合器与前路带锁钢板联合应用治疗颈椎疾患

目的 探讨颈椎前路减压术的一种新的植骨融合与内固定方法。方法 对16例脊椎疾病患者行颈前路椎体切除同时采用带锁钢板内固定联合钛网植骨融合。结果 所有患者手术顺利，平均随访时间11个月。植骨均已融合，无内固定失效现象。结论 颈椎前路减压术同时采用带锁钢板内固定联合钛网植骨融合可使颈椎得到即刻稳定，重建颈椎正常解剖结构，有利于骨性融合。     

颈椎次全切除后植骨加带锁钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折16例报告

目的探讨前路椎体次全切除、减压、植骨融合、带锁钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折的手术方法和临床疗效。方法采取颈椎次全切除后植骨加带锁钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折伴完全或不完全截瘫16例,其中,C5骨折6例,C6骨折10例,C7骨折2例,C5、C6同时骨折2例,伴脱位4例。次全切除1节椎体14例,同时切除2节椎体2例。取骼骨植骨10例,用钛网植骨6例。平均随访20个月。结果手术有效地解除了颈髓前部的压迫,获得较好的稳定性,并可防止植骨块脱出,植骨融合率好,疗效显著。结论前路椎体次全切除、减压、植骨融合、带锁钢板内固定是治疗颈椎骨折的有效手术方式。     

前路减压植骨内固定治疗下颈椎骨折脱位并脊髓损伤临床观察

目的:探讨前路椎管减压、椎体间植骨融合联合带锁钢板内固定治疗下颈椎骨折脱位并脊髓损伤的临床疗效。方法:2006年12月-2011年6月,本院对23例下颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤的患者采取了前路椎管减压、椎体间植骨融合联合带锁钢板内固定的治疗方案进行了治疗,回顾性分析患者临床资料,观察、评价其诊疗过程及结果。结果:23例患者经前路减压、椎体间植骨融合联合带锁钢板内固定治疗均获成功,并于术后获得6~24个月随访,平均16个月。X线摄片复查显示,全部病例植骨融合良好,融合时间平均为12周,颈椎稳定,无感染,螺钉松动、断裂等并发症,亦无假关节、骨不连以及生理曲度改变等发生;脊髓神经功能与术前相比有显著的提高。结论:前路减压、椎体间植骨融合联合带锁钢板内固定治疗下颈椎骨折脱位合并脊髓损伤患者具有创伤小,植入骨块愈合快,颈椎高度恢复好且并发症少等优点,对于改善受损脊髓神经功能亦可获得满意疗效。     

颈椎前路带锁型钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折脱位

目的 探讨颈前路AO带锁型钢板在颈椎骨折脱位手术中的作用和疗效. 方法 对21例颈椎骨折脱位患者施行前路减压,自体髂骨植骨及AO颈前路带锁钢板内固定术,术后随访观察神经恢复情况、植骨融合率、椎间高度情况以及有无内置物并发症. 结果 21例获得随访,平均随访时间21个月,术后6个月脊椎功能均有明显改善,症状缓解,植骨融合率达100%,无钢板和螺钉松动或断裂现象.结论 颈前路带锁型钢板治疗颈椎骨折脱位对于术后早期病人的护理与康复以及后期植骨融合和神经功能改善起到了重要作用,术后颈椎即刻稳定,防止植骨块移位,能显著提高植骨融合率,对于术后判断颈脊髓的状况具有非常重要的临床意义.     

两种颈椎前路自锁钢板对维持脊柱稳定性的随访观察

目的观察Orion、Zephir两种颈椎前路自锁钢板对维持术后脊柱稳定性的影响.方法对我院颈椎前路减压植骨融合内固定术的41例的患者术后进行12～36个月(平均24个月)随访.结果 38/41例(92.7%)患者神经功能获得不同程度的恢复.1例Orion钢板螺钉松动,其余患者均于术后3个月Ⅰ期骨性融合.在最长36个月的长期观察中未发现融合椎体相临节段明显的退行性变及钢板下骨质疏松.结论两种椎前路自锁钢板均固定可靠、植骨融合率高、并发症少,能保证颈椎的长期稳定.     

颈椎次全切除后植骨加带锁钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折35例分析

目的:探讨颈椎次全切除后植骨加带锁钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折的临床疗效。方法:对收治的35例颈椎骨折伴完全或不完全截瘫患者采用前路椎体次全切除、植骨融合及带锁钢板内固定手术治疗,观察手术效果。结果:本组35例手术均较成功,无一例死亡,所有患者术后1个月、6个月及1年均来院进行X线正侧位片或MRI等检查复诊,32例(91.43%)达骨性愈合。术后随访1～3年,患者神经功能较术前显著改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对颈椎骨折患者采取颈椎次全切除后植骨加带锁钢板内固定治疗,可立即缓解患者脊髓压迫等症状,后期骨性愈合率高,近远期疗效显著,值得临床推广使用。     

颈椎前路带锁型钢板内固定治疗颈椎骨折脱位疗效分析

目的 探讨颈前路AO带锁型钢板在颈椎骨折脱位手术中的作用和疗效.方法 对21例颈椎骨折脱位患者施行前路减压、自体骼骨植骨及AO颈前路带锁钢板内固定术,术后随访观察神经恢复情况、植骨融合率、椎间高度情况以及有无内置物并发症.结果 21例获得随访,平均随访时间21个月,术后6个月脊椎功能均有明显改善,症状缓解,植骨融合率达100%,无钢板和螺钉松动或断裂现象.结论 颈前路带锁型钢板治疗颈椎骨折脱位具有使用安全、简便的特点,对于术后早期病人的护理与康复以及后期植骨融合和神经功能改善起到了重要作用,术后颈椎即刻稳定,防止植骨块移位,能显著提高植骨融合率,并且是由钛金属材料制成,术后行MRI检查,仍可获得清晰成像,对于术后判断颈脊髓的状况具有非常重要的临床意义.     

颈椎前路手术治疗颈椎间盘突出症体会

目的:观察颈椎前路手术治疗颈椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法:对52例颈椎间盘突出症,行颈椎前路减压、植骨并应用锁定型颈椎前路钢板内固定。结果:46例经过2～18个月、平均8.2月的随访,所有病例植骨均达到骨性融合,融合时间12～16周,平均12.6周,融合率100%;MRI检查无脊髓变形、受压表现,脊髓功能检查,除3例不理想外。所有病例植骨疗效满意。结论:适应症选择正确,颈椎前路手术减压植骨、钢板系统操作简单,可提供有效的固定节段稳定性,利于神经功能恢复,适用于颈椎间盘突出症、颈椎外伤的治疗。颈椎前路手术适用于2个颈椎间盘,3个椎体。动力性和限制性颈椎前路内固定材料在临床治疗疗效上无明显差别。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.