颗粒显色指示技术快速检测结核分枝杆菌对吡嗪酰胺耐药性的价值

目的 探讨颗粒显色指示技术快速测定结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Mtb）对吡嗪酰胺耐药性的临床应用价值。方法 应用颗粒显色指示法测定102株Mtb对吡嗪酰胺耐药性,并与美国BD公司BACTEC MGIT-960分枝杆菌检测系统结果进行比较。 结果 颗粒显色指示法测定102株Mtb临床分离株,结果对吡嗪酰胺敏感70株、耐药32株,BACTEC MGIT-960法测定结果敏感69株、耐药33株;两法测定均敏感67株、均耐药30株。如以BACTEC MGIT-960法药敏结果为判断标准,则颗粒显色指示法测定吡嗪酰胺耐药性的敏感度为90.9%(30/33),特异度为97.1%（67/69),阳性预测值为93.8%(30/32),阴性预测值为95.7%(67/70),准确性为95.1%(97/102)。结论 颗粒显色指示技术快速测定Mtb吡嗪酰胺耐药性简便快速,操作不需特殊仪器设备,具有很高的临床应用价值。     

昆明地区结核分枝杆菌标本培养检测及耐药情况分析

目的 了解昆明地区结核病患者和疑似结核病患者中Mtb培养检测情况和耐药情况。方法 收集1928例结核病患者和疑似结核病患者2046份标本,包括痰、支气管刷检物或肺泡灌洗液、胸腹腔积液、脑脊液、尿液、脓液、其他标本（淋巴液、心包积液、分泌物、穿刺液等）。使用BACTEC MGIT 960全自动分枝杆菌快速培养仪和中性罗氏培养基进行培养,分别记录初始抗酸涂片结果,BACTEC MGIT 960全自动分枝杆菌快速培养仪、中性罗氏培养基报告阳性后的涂片结果。分别对培养时间、培养阳性率、培养污染率及5种一线抗结核药物（S、INH、RFP、EMB和PZA）的耐药情况作统计分析。结果 BACTEC MGIT 960全自动分枝杆菌快速培养仪和中性罗氏培养基阳性率分别为38.2%（782/2046）和32.6%（666/2046）;结核诊断率37.3%（719/1928）;抗结核一线药耐药率为41.9%（212/506）,耐多药率（至少同时耐INH和RFP）为20.0%（101/506）。结论 昆明地区结核病患者对一线抗结核药物耐药情况严重。     

基因芯片技术检测结核分枝杆菌利福平和异烟肼耐药性临床应用评价

目的评价基因芯片技术检测结核分枝杆菌利福平和异烟肼耐药性的临床应用效果。方法利用基因芯片技术对涂阳肺结核患者的痰标本和临床分离株进行利福平和异烟肼耐药基因位点检测,比较痰标本与菌株检测结果的差异;并以BACTEC MGIT 960药敏试验结果为对照评价基因芯片的检测性能。另外,通过对999株鉴定为结核分枝杆菌的临床分离菌株进行rpoB、katG和inhA基因耐药相关区域扩增产物测序,以验证基因芯片对核酸序列检测的准确性。结果在涂阳的1 108例标本中有100例经基因芯片菌种鉴定为非结核分枝杆菌。其余的1 008例痰标本基因芯片结果与BACTEC MGIT960培养阳性的菌株基因芯片结果比较仅有9例结果不一致,符合率为99.1%。以BACTEC MGIT960培养法药敏结果为对照,999株菌株基因芯片法检测利福平耐药性的符合率为98.1%,异烟肼的耐药性的符合率为94.5%。与DNA测序法相比,基因芯片法检测利福平和异烟肼耐药性的准确率分别为99.6%和99.8%。结论基因芯片技术能够快速、准确地进行结核分枝杆菌利福平和异烟肼的耐药性检测,并能直接用于痰标本检测。     

BACTEC MGIT 960用于结核分枝杆菌直接药敏试验的研究

目的探讨BACTEC MGIT 960系统在结核分枝杆菌直接药敏试验的临床应用价值。方法对200株临床涂阳痰标本应用BACTEC MGIT 960系统进行一线抗结核药（链霉素、异烟肼、利福平、乙胺丁醇）结核分枝杆菌直接药敏试验,并与同步进行的BACTEC MGIT 960间接药敏试验及传统改良罗氏（L-J）比例法药敏试验进行比较,从结果报告时间和符合率等方面进行评价。统计学分析分别采用配对资料的t检验和Kappa检验。结果 BACTEC MGIT960直接药敏试验报告时间为（9.7±3.1）d,与BACTEC MGIT 960间接药敏试验报告时间（17.5±6.6）d比较差异有统计学意义（t=14.7,P〈0.01）,与L-J法报告时间（50.4±8.6）d比较差异有统计学意义（t=73.4,P〈0.01）;4种一线抗结核药物链霉素、异烟肼、利福平、乙胺丁醇药敏BACTEC MGIT 960直接法与BACTEC MGIT 960间接法药敏结果总符合率为97.3%,BACTEC MGIT 960直接法与L-J法药敏结果总符合率为96.2%。结论 BACTEC MGIT 960直接药敏试验快速、准确,可用于结核分枝杆菌的药物敏感性检测,利于耐药结核病的早期诊断和治疗。     

结核分枝杆菌的培养分离及耐药性分析

目的探讨结核杆菌分离培养及其耐药性。方法收集2006年1-11月本院就诊的疑似结核患者的标本,采用美国BD公司BACTEC MGIT960全自动分枝杆菌快速鉴定仪培养鉴定及药敏试验。结果从654份送检标本分离到结核分枝杆菌361株,结核杆菌耐药情况为链霉素29.4%、利福平17.5%、异烟肼32.1%、乙胺丁醇11.9%,多耐药结核杆菌为24.7%（89/361）。结论结核杆菌耐药情况非常严峻,必须加大力度狠抓结核病防治工作,加强合理用药,遏止多耐药结核杆菌的蔓延。     

70例MDR-TB病例抗结核二线药物敏感性检测结果分析

了解耐多药结核分枝杆菌临床分离株对二线药物耐药情况,评价BACTEC MGIT960系统在抗结核二线药敏试验中的临床应用价值。方法 收集本院的痰培养阳性、经菌种鉴定和一线药物的药物敏感性试验确定为耐多药的结核分枝杆菌菌株。采用BACTEC MGIT960对4种二线药氧氟沙星（OFLX）、左氧氟沙星（LVFX）、阿米卡星（AMK）和卷曲霉素（CPM）进行药物敏感性检测,并与改良 L-J罗氏培养法相比较。结果 (1)2008年10月-2009年4月,70例MDR-TB分离到的菌株,包括初治病例26例、复治病例44例,对四种药的总耐药率为61.4%（43/70）。对OFLX、LVFX、AMK和CPM耐药率分别为48.6%、40.0%、17.1%、7.1%。初治耐药率为57.7%（15/26）,复治耐药率达63.6%（28/44）。符合XDR-TB诊断者5例（7.1%）,包括初治者1例（1.4%）,复治者4例（5.7%）。（2）BACTEC MGIT960二线药物敏感试验与改良L-J法相比,平均报告时间仅10.2天,明显短于L-J法,符合率在90%以上。结论 （1） 在住院耐多药结核病患者中对这四种抗结核二线药物的耐药率已经到了一个较高水平;同时,当地存在XDR-TB,应该引起重视。（2）BACTEC MGIT960系统可以准确而快速地检测结核分枝杆菌对二线药物的耐受性.     

BS-400全自动分枝杆菌液体培养系统对分枝杆菌培养的效果评价

目的:评价BS-400全自动分枝杆菌液体培养系统(简称“BS-400培养系统”)在临床标本中培养分枝杆菌的效果。方法:搜集2022年3—5月在浙江大学附属杭州市胸科医院就诊的疑似结核病患者标本427份用于本研究，标本包括除血液和粪便外的331份呼吸道标本(包括痰液和呼吸道灌洗液)和96份非呼吸道标本(包括脑脊液、组织、分泌物、尿液、骨髓和坏死物等)。所有标本同时使用BACTEC MGIT 960液体培养系统(简称“MGIT 960培养系统”)和BS-400培养系统进行培养，培养阳性标本进行细菌分离和菌种鉴定。比较两种培养系统对不同类型标本分枝杆菌培养阳性率、检测时间、污染率及成本差异，并以MGIT 960培养系统培养结果为参照标准，评价BS-400培养系统对不同类型标本分枝杆菌感染的检测效能。结果:BS-400培养系统对呼吸道标本的培养阳性率为32.02%(106/331),污染率为5.14%(17/331);对非呼吸道标本的培养阳性率为17.70%(17/96),污染率为1.04%(1/96),与MGIT 960培养系统[分别为32.93%(109/331)和5.44%(18/331...     

BACTEC-460-TB临床标本检测分析

1000份临床标本,应用BACTEC法检测,阳性212份,阳性率21.2％;培养阳性报告时间11.9天;NAP试验阳性率0.3％,污染率5.6％。1000份标本中,有277份用L-J培基做对照,结果显示,BACTEC法阳性率比L-J培基高11.2％,平均报告时间较其缩短17.4天;药敏试验缩短22.3天,可提前报告39.7天,表明了BACTEC法优越性。     

自动BACTEC960系统检测结核分枝杆菌药物敏感性的多中心评估分析

地点：巴西东南部3个分枝杆菌参比实验室。目的：评估自动化分枝杆菌生长指示管（MGIT）检测结核分枝杆菌药物敏感性的能力。设计：用自动BECTECMGIT960（M960）对95份结核分枝杆菌临床分离株进行链霉素（SM），异烟肼（INH）、利福平（RMP）、乙胺丁醇（EMB）的敏感性检测，并与BACTEC460（B460）、比例法（PM）、抗性比率法（RRM）的检测结果进行比较，其中88株以BACTEC460、比例法、抗性比率法中的至少两种方法获得一致结果作为最终结果，并与M960的结果相比较。结果：M960与B460的符合率为95．2％，与PM为96．6%,与RRM为93．4％；其中与RRM在SM上符合率最低，与B460在EMB上符合率最低。M960结果与最终结果的符合率为97．9％，INH与RMP的符合率为99．2%,SM与EMB的符合率分别为96．2%和96．9％，M960报告结果的平均时间为6．9d。结论：与比例法和抗性比率法相比，M960显示出了极大的优势，并且有助于患者的治疗。     

肺内外多发结核分枝杆菌感染患者的发病模式分析

目的 分析肺内外多发结核分枝杆菌(MTB)感染患者的发病模式.方法 选择肺内外多发MTB感染患者153例,通过痰标本、胸腔积液标本等共分离391株MTB菌株,通过BACTEC MGIT 960液体药敏实验分析菌株异质性耐药情况,通过MIRU-VNTR、全基因组测序方法,对MTB菌株进行基因分型,判定患者发病模式.结果 ...     

Recovery rates of mycobacterium from suspected extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients using liquid culture at a tertiary referral centre of India

Tuberculosis still remains a serious public health problem in developing countries. Rapid isolation of mycobacteria is critical for accurate diagnosis and management of tuberculosis. In the present study BACTEC MGIT 960 system was evaluated against Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) medium for isolation of mycobacteria from different extra-pulmonary specimens (N = 371). The samples were processed using NaOH-NALC method and inoculated in BACTEC MGIT and on LJ medium. The BACTEC MGIT 960 system detected 93 (25.06%) samples positive for acid fast bacilli and by LJ only 38 samples (10.24%) was positive. Furthermore, total 99 (26.68%) samples were detected positive by both the culture methods. The mean turnaround time to detection of mycobacteria by MGIT 960 were significantly less (12.4 days) as compared with LJ (22.76 days). In conclusion, BACTEC MGIT 960 system is more sensitive and rapid culture system for isolation of mycobacteria. However LJ culture method also suggested to further increase the detection rate of EPTB cases.     

BACTEC MGIT960系统快速培养分枝杆菌的效果评价

目的与传统罗氏培养法相比较,评价BACTECMGr／960快速培养系统在基层结控实验室的应用效果及前景。方法采用改良罗氏培养基、BACTECMGIT960液体培养基对521份临床痰标本进行平行接种培养,比较两者的阳性率、培阳时间、污染率。结果传统罗氏培养法的阳性率为47．1％（81／172）,BACTECMGIT960系统的阳性率为68．0％（117／172）;传统罗氏培养法最早培阳时间为12d,平均26d,BACTECMGr1960快培系统最早培阳时间为4d,平均12d;传统罗氏培养法污染率为2．5％（13／521）,BACTECMGr1960快培系统的污染率为3．5％（18／521）;结论BACTECMGIT960系统可以提高分枝杆菌的培养阳性率和明显缩短培养时间,污染率与传统罗氏培养相较无显著性差异,是一种快速,有效的检测方法,对基层结控机构早期发现肺结核病人和疗效观察将发挥重要作用。     

Comparison of the BACTEC MGIT 960 with L?wenstein-Jensen medium for recovery of mycobacteria from clinical specimens.

SETTING: Taiwan Provincial Chronic Disease Control Bureau. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the rate of recovery and the mean time to detection (TTD) of mycobacteria in clinical specimens with two culture systems, the BACTEC MGIT 960 and L?wenstein-Jensen (LJ) medium. DESIGN: We studied 365 specimens, collected from 166 patients. Specimens were processed with standard N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NALC)-NaOH method, then inoculated onto BACTEC MGIT 960 and onto LJ slants. RESULTS: A total of 124 mycobacterial isolates (114 Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 10 non-tuberculous mycobacteria) were detected. The recovery rates were 94% (117/124) with BACTEC MGIT 960 and 75.8% (94/124) with LJ. The rates of contamination for each of the systems were 5.5% with BACTEC MGIT 960 and 4.1% with LJ. The TTDs for mycobacteria were 10.7 days with BACTEC MGIT 960 and 30.6 days with LJ. Excluding the non-tuberculous mycobacteria, the TTDs for M. tuberculosis were 11.1 days with BACTEC MGIT 960 and 30.7 days with LJ. The difference in TTD between smear-positive and smear-negative specimens for either mycobacteria (10.0 vs 12.6 days; P = 0.06) or M. tuberculosis (10.1 vs 12.7 days; P = 0.06) with BACTEC MGIT 960 was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The BACTEC MGIT 960 system can expedite the recovery of mycobacteria in culture. Combined with conventional solid medium, it also increases the overall recovery of mycobacteria in culture.     

基因芯片技术在肺结核快速诊断及分枝杆菌菌种鉴定中的应用价值

目的探讨基因芯片技术诊断肺结核及鉴定分枝杆菌菌种的应用价值。方法搜集2017年1-12月在黑龙江省传染病防治院结核科就诊并连续3次痰涂片检测为阳性的1248例疑似肺结核患者为研究对象。每例患者均留取清晨痰液标本3~5ml,对痰液标本分别进行BACTEC MGIT 960(简称"MGIT 960")培养和基因芯片检测。以MGIT 960培养结果作为参照,分析基因芯片法的检测效能。结果1248例患者痰标本经MGIT960培养阳性1224例(98.08%),基因芯片法检测阳性1212例(97.11%)。以MGIT 960培养结果作为参照,基因芯片法检测的敏感度为98.94%(1211/1224),特异度为95.83%(23/24),符合率为98.88%(1234/1248),Kappa值为0.76。1212例基因芯片法检测阳性的患者中非结核分枝杆菌(NTM)感染60例(4.95%),结核分枝杆菌感染1152例(95.05%)。60例NTM感染者中比较常见的菌种是胞内分枝杆菌(43.33%,26/60)。结论基因芯片检测与MGIT 960培养结果的一致性较好,可以快速、准确地区分结核分枝杆菌复合群和NTM,并可进一步进行菌种鉴定。     

Should chemotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosis be started after the completion of pretreatment sputum examination?

PURPOSE: Investigation on the influence of early start of chemotherapy on the results of sputum smear and culture (Ogawa medium and BACTEC MGIT960). OBJECT AND METHOD: Retrospective study for tubercle bacilli positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in our hospital. RESULT: Starting chemotherapy before the completion of pretreatment sputum examination was found to have no adverse effect on smear positive rate and smear positive grade (246 cases), culture contamination rate on Ogawa medium and BACTEC MGIT960 (1128 sputums), culture positive rate and culture positive grade/time to confirm positive on Ogawa medium (245 cases), and culture positive rate on BACTEC MGIT960 (239 cases). Time to confirm positive on BACTEC MGIT960 was slightly, but significantly prolonged (1.16 days delay in cases with 1-3 days chemotherapy [228 cases], and 4.01 days delay in cases with 4-6 days chemotherapy [59 cases]). CONCLUSION: Unfluence of early start of chemotherapy on the results of sputum smear and culture is minor. In most of bacilli positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases chemotherapy can be started before the completion of pretreatment sputum examination.     

新型国产改良Middlebrook液体培养试剂对结核分枝杆菌培养效果的评价

目的: 评价新型国产改良Middlebrook液体培养试剂用于临床样本中结核分枝杆菌培养的效果。方法: 采集2021年3—4月西安市胸科医院诊治的疑似肺结核患者痰液和肺泡灌洗液标本,对其中质量合格的89份痰液标本和61份肺泡灌洗液标本进行分枝杆菌改良试剂培养(改良试剂法)和BACTEC MGIT 960(简称“MGIT 960”)培养。比较两种方法检测分枝杆菌的阳性率、报阳时间和污染率差异,并以MGIT 960培养结果为参照标准,评价改良试剂法的检测效能。结果: 改良试剂法检测痰液和肺泡灌洗液标本结核分枝杆菌的总阳性率[44.7%(67/150)]和报阳时间[中位数(四分位数):13.0(8.5,17.0)d]与MGIT 960培养结果[分别为42.7%(63/150)和13.0(8.0,17.5)d]相比,差异均无统计学意义(χ²=0.571,P=0.453;Z=-1.344,P=0.179)。两种方法检测肺泡灌洗液标本均未出现污染,但改良试剂法检测痰液标本的污染率[12.4%(11/89)]明显高于MGIT 960培养[4.5%(4/89)],差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.000,P=0.039)。 改良培养试剂的成本[(49.6±10.5)元/份]仅约为MGIT 960培养试剂[(75.4±15.8)元/份]的60%。以MGIT 960培养结果为参照标准,改良试剂法检测痰液和肺泡灌洗液标本结核分枝杆菌的总敏感度为96.9%(62/64)、总特异度为94.2%(81/86),Kappa值为0.905,一致性好。结论: 分枝杆菌改良Middlebrook液体培养试剂检测痰液和肺泡灌洗液标本与MGIT 960培养诊断结核病的一致性好,但应注意痰液标本检测污染率较高的问题。     

BACTEC MGIT 960 system for drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a study using external quality assessment strains

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the BACTEC MGIT 960 system for drug susceptibility testing (MGIT AST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid, rifampin, streptomycin and ethambutol. DESIGN: Fifty external quality assessment strains of M. tuberculosis provided by the Coordinating Centers of WHO/ IUATLD were tested by BACTEC MGIT 960 system, and the results were compared with the referee results of the WHO/IUATLD Supranational Reference Laboratory Network (SRLN). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Overall concordance rates of the results obtained by MGIT AST and the referee results of the SRLN were 97.3% for four first-line drugs. Agreement rates were particularly high for isoniazid, rifampin, and streptomycin (agreement rate of over 97%), but somewhat lower for ethambutol, which relates to a lower sensitivity of MGIT AST. Turnaround times from inoculation to drug susceptibility results ranged from 6 to 13 days for the MGIT AST system with a median time of 7 days; this contrasted with three weeks for the proportion method using Middlebrook 7H10 agar, indicating that MGIT AST system has the potential to consistently meet with the turnaround time guidelines suggested by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States. These results demonstrate that the fully automated BACTEC MGIT 960 AST system is useful for the rapid diagnosis of drug resistant tuberculosis.