单亲家庭子女个性特征和行为问题对照研究

目的 探索单亲家庭子女的个性特征和行为问题。方法 采用心理健康测查表（MMPI简化表）和Achenbach儿童行为量表（CBCL）,对50例单亲家庭儿童及50例完整家庭儿童进行评定。结果 研究组儿童具有抑郁、焦虑、脱离现实等性格特点,在CBCL分析中,研究组退缩、社交问题、焦虑抑郁分值显著高于对照组,其中男童更为显著。结论 单亲家庭子女存在有个性及行为缺陷,应早期进行干预。     

单亲家庭对儿童性格行为发育的影响

为了探讨父母离异对儿童性格行为发育的影响，我们选择了父母离异的单亲家庭与正常和睦的双亲家庭的儿童测试对比，单亲家庭中由母亲、父亲或离异后委托外祖父母、祖父母抚养的儿童。 1临床资料 对象为5～6岁儿童，共45例，他们均为父母离异的儿童，其中男孩19例，女孩31例，第一组，由母亲抚养的15例，第二组，由父亲抚养的15例，第三组，父母离异后由祖父母、外祖父母抚养的15例，另外随机选择了和睦双亲家庭的同龄孩子15例作为第四组。4组孩子间的平均年龄无显著的差异，分别进行了表达能力、性格特点、智力发育的测试。     

国际救援儿童村儿童个性行为的分析研究

目的 探讨国际救援(SOS)儿童村抚养方式对儿童个性行为的影响.方法 将南昌市SOS儿童村7～15岁儿童64名为研究组,随机抽取7～15岁普通双亲家庭儿童70名为对照组,使用艾森克个性问卷一儿童版(EPQ)和Achenbach's儿童行为量表(CBCL)对两组儿童进行测评,并对两组结果进行比较.结果 EPQ分值显示SO...     

学龄期儿童家庭因素与行为问题的对照研究

采用Ａｃｈｅｎｂａｃｈ儿童行为问题量表对２９４０名学龄期儿童进行调查，其中４０６例儿童有行为问题，将其家庭因素与正常儿童进行对照。结果显示，学龄期儿童行为问题的发生与父母的健康状态差、患精神疾病、性格内向、父亲学历低、酗酒，父母离婚、分居，亲子关系差，教育方式不当等因素有关     

学龄前儿童行为问题与家庭功能的相关性分析

目的探讨学龄前儿童行为问题的特点及其与家庭功能的关系,为学龄前儿童行为问题的家庭干预措施提供依据。方法选用家庭功能评定量表(FAD)、Conners儿童行为问卷和自设问卷对148例学龄前儿童进行调查。结果学龄前儿童行为问题总检出率为18.24,其家庭功能除问题解决功能较好以外,家庭沟通、角色、情感反应、情感介入、行为控制和家庭总功能方面均存在一定问题;除问题解决功能外,家庭其余各方面功能与行为问题呈现低度正相关,其中行为控制和家庭总功能对行为问题的影响较大。结论学龄前儿童存在较多的行为问题,并与其家庭功能状况有关,家长应积极致力于家庭功能的完善,为学龄前儿童创造一个良好的家庭环境。     

单亲家庭儿童童年期创伤经历及行为问题调查

目的调查某市儿童童年期创伤经历和行为问题,并探讨单亲对儿童行为问题的影响。方法采用自编一般情况调查问卷、童年期创伤问卷(CTQ-SF)和儿童行为量表(CBCL)对248例单亲家庭儿童及346例完整家庭儿童进行评定和对照。结果 1单亲家庭的儿童在情感虐待、躯体虐待、性虐待、情感忽视、躯体忽视及总得分上均高于非单亲家庭(t=4.119,11.869,3.175,10.790,15.170,14.746;P0.05);2单亲家庭男生各维度得分均高于非单亲家庭;单亲家庭女生除违纪维度外,其他维度得分均高于非单亲家庭。结论单亲家庭更易造成童年期的创伤体验,容易引发行为问题,应尽早进行干预。     

良性癫痫儿童行为问题及其家庭影响因素分析

依据 198 9年国际癫痫会议中有关癫痫分类[1] 确诊 137例良性癫痫儿童 ,其中中央回 -颞区棘波灶癫痫 86例 ,儿童枕叶癫痫 5 1例。男 85例 ,女 5 2例 ;年龄 9～ 12岁 ,平均 10 71岁 ;起病年龄 5～ 10岁 ,平均 7 5 3岁 ;病程 2年～6年 ,平均 4 0 1年 ;疗程 1 5年～ 6年 ,平均 3 79年。其中单服卡马西平者 49例 ,单服丙戊酸钠者 34例 ,合并用药39例 ,已停药者 15例。全组患儿现均在我市普通中小学就读。全组儿童均采用韦氏儿童智力量表进行智力测查 ,结果均为正常以上 ,排除因智力因素影响研究结果的可能性。全组儿童均未遭遇有可能影响其身心…     

11—12岁儿童家庭环境与行为问题的对照研究

本文应用Ｒｕｔｔｅｒ儿童行为问卷和Ｍｏｓｓ家庭环境量表，对１１－１２岁行为问题儿童的家庭环境进行对照研究。结果表明，家中缺乏民主，自由，平等的气氛是１１－１２岁儿童生行为问题的最主要原因，其中存在性别差异和行为问题差异。     

城乡儿童社会能力和行为问题对照研究

目的 了解城乡儿童社会能力的强弱和行为问题的发生情况。方法 采用Ａｃｈｅｎｂａｃｈ儿童行为量表,对９～１５岁的４４７名城市儿童和４９８名农村儿童进行社会能力和行为问题对照分析。结果 社会能力评分：城市儿童显著高于农村儿童。行为问题各因子评分：９～１１岁儿童,农村高于城市;１２～１５岁儿童,除体诉因子外,城市高于农村。结论 城市儿童社会能力比农村儿童强,城市年龄较小儿童的行为问题比农村相应年龄儿童的     

贵阳城区儿童少年行为问题与家庭背景研究

目的 :为了解贵阳城区儿童少年行为问题的现状 ,探讨行为问题儿童与家庭因素的关系。方法 :采用Achnbach’s儿童行为量表及“儿童行为问题相关因素问卷”对贵阳城区 136 5名 6～ 16岁儿童少年进行调查 ,并对调查结果进行了现状分析及相关因素的单元和多元比较。结果 :检出有行为问题的儿童少年 2 0 7名 ,检出率 15 16 % ,显著高于全国调查结果 (p <0 0 5 )。中学组检出率高于小学组 ,与其他城市及全国相比差异有显著性 (p<0 0 5 )。性别差异不显著。检出率高的因子是忧郁、社会退缩、多动、攻击等。影响儿童少年行为问题的家庭因素依次是 :家长对孩子心理健康的重视程度、母亲文化、家庭经济收入、家长对子女心理健康的认识、父母的婚姻状况等。结论 :贵阳城区儿童少年行为问题检出率高于全国水平 ,大年龄组尤为突出。家庭环境是影响儿童少年行为发展的重要因素     

Behavioral family intervention for children with developmental disabilities and behavioral problems.

The outcomes of a randomized clinical trial of a new behavioral family intervention, Stepping Stones Triple P, for preschoolers with developmental and behavior problems are presented. Forty-eight children with developmental disabilities participated, 27 randomly allocated to an intervention group and 20 to a wait-list control group. Parents completed measures of parenting style and stress, and independent observers assessed parent-child interactions. The intervention was associated with fewer child behavior problems reported by mothers and independent observers, improved maternal and paternal parenting style, and decreased maternal stress. All effects were maintained at 6-month follow-up.     

Life events, locus of control, and behavioral problems among Chinese adolescents

This study examined associations of life events and locus of control with behavioral problems among 1,365 Chinese adolescents by using the Youth Self-Report (YSR), Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), and the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children. Results indicated that the overall prevalence of behavioral and emotional problems was 10.7% (95% CI = 9.9-11.5%). Logistic-regression analyses showed that a total of 13 negative life events mainly coming from academic domain and interpersonal relationships, high life-stress score, and high external locus score significantly increased the risk for behavioral problems. Life stress and locus of control significantly interacted with behavioral problems. These findings support the linkage between stressful life events and psychopathology in a general population of adolescents from mainland China, and demonstrate the stress-moderating effects of locus of control on psychopathology as well.     

单纯性肥胖儿童社会适应能力,智商与行为问题研究

本文采用儿童适应行为评定量表和韦氏儿童智力量表对１９８例单纯性肥胖儿童进行测试。结果提示单纯性肥胖儿童社会适应能力差。突出表现为独立功能因子能力低，智商与对照组比较差别不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。提示应重视和加强对单纯性肥胖儿童有针对性的社会适应行为方面的教育和训练。     

Perceived ecological congruence across family/school environments: Impact on the consistency of behavioral patterns and adaptation among children and youth

This research investigated the relationship of congruence between classroom and family environments as experienced by children and consistency of behavioral adaptation across these settings as reported by teachers and parents. Assessments of perceived family and classroom environments, self-reported psychological distress, and parent and teacher behavior ratings of a community sample of first-to sixth-grade youth (N = 297) were obtained. Factor analysis of children's ratings of perceived classroom climate yielded three underlying dimensions: cohesion, achievement emphasis, and organization. Similarly, analyses of children's ratings of perceived family climate yielded cohesion, achievement emphasis, and control factors. As expected, greater incongruity in children's reports of cohesion and in levels of achievement emphasis across settings was associated with greater divergence between parental and teacher ratings of behavioral adaptation. In addition, there was less agreement in parent and teacher reports of children's behavior when child reports of classroom cohesion and all three family dimensions diverged. Similarly, greater perceived divergence in family achievement emphasis and all three classroom dimensions yielded higher levels of disagreement in behavior ratings across settings. Psychological distress was generally not associated with greater environmental incongruence. Thus, experiences of differential climate across settings appeared to be linked with patterns of situationally specific behavioral adaptation, rather than more global distress. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Sleep problems and internet addiction among children and adolescents: a longitudinal study

Although the literature has documented associations between sleep problems and internet addiction, the temporal direction of these relationships has not been established. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the bidirectional relationships between sleep problems and internet addiction among children and adolescents longitudinally. A four‐wave longitudinal study was conducted with 1253 children and adolescents in grades 3, 5 and 8 from March 2013 to January 2014. The sleep problems of the student participants were measured by parental reports on the Sleep Habit Questionnaire, which catalogues early insomnia, middle insomnia, disturbed circadian rhythm, periodic leg movements, sleep terrors, sleepwalking, sleep talking, nightmares, bruxism, snoring and sleep apnoea. The severity of internet addiction was measured by students’ self‐reports on the Chen Internet Addiction Scale. Based on the results of time‐lag models, dyssomnias (odds ratio = 1.31), especially early and middle insomnias (odds ratio = 1.74 and 2.24), sequentially predicted internet addiction, and internet addiction sequentially predicted disturbed circadian rhythm (odds ratio = 2.40), regardless of adjustment for gender and age. This is the first study to demonstrate the temporal relationship of early and middle insomnia predicting internet addiction, which subsequently predicts disturbed circadian rhythm. These findings imply that treatment strategies for sleep problems and internet addiction should vary according to the order of their occurrence.     

Bed sharing, sleep habits, and sleep problems among Chinese school-aged children

STUDY OBJECTIVES: This study examined the association between bed sharing, sleep habits, and sleep problems among Chinese school-aged children. DESIGN AND SETTING: A questionnaire survey of school-aged children was undertaken in Jinan city, People's Republic of China, in 2001. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 517 elementary-school children (mean age, 10.5 years; 47.4% boys) participated in the survey. MEASUREMENTS: The parents completed the Chinese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and a number of questions that asked about bed sharing and characteristics of the family and child. RESULTS: The prevalence of regular bed sharing in Chinese school-aged children was as high as 18.2%. The rate of bed sharing did not differ between boys and girls but significantly decreased with age from 55.8% in 7-year-olds to 7.2% in 11- to 13-year-olds. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that younger age, poor physical health of the child, and crowded housing were associated with an increased likelihood for the child's bed sharing with parents. Bedtime and total sleep duration did not significantly differ between children who shared beds and those who slept alone. Children who shared beds with their parents were reported to have more sleep anxiety and daytime sleepiness than children who slept alone. Bed sharing was not associated with parasomnias and breathing problems during sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Regular bed sharing in Chinese school-aged children was very common and significantly decreased with age. Crowded housing and poor physical health of the child increased the likelihood for children and parents to share beds. Bed sharing may exert influences on sleep quality rather than sleep quantity.     

Pilot study of a family physical activity planning intervention among parents and their children

Physical activity interventions among youth have resulted in modest outcomes; thus, there is a need to increase the theoretical fidelity of interventions and hone pilot work before embarking on large scale trials. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a planning intervention in comparison to a standard condition on intergenerational physical activity in families with young children. Inactive families (N = 85) were randomized to either a standard condition (received physical activity guidelines and a local municipal healthy active living guide) or the intervention (physical activity guidelines, local municipal healthy active living guide + planning material) after completing a baseline questionnaire package. Sixty-five families (standard condition n = 34; intervention condition n = 31) completed the 4 week follow-up questionnaire package. Complete cases and intention to treat analyses showed that the planning intervention resulted in higher self-reported family physical activity compared to the standard condition and this was due to an increase in unstructured family activities over the 4 weeks. The results are promising and suggest that theoretical fidelity targeting parent regulation of family activity may be a helpful approach to increasing weekly energy expenditure.     

广州市黄埔区学龄前儿童行为问题及影响因素的横断面调查

目的了解广州市黄埔区社区学龄前儿童行为问题的流行现状,探讨儿童气质及家庭环境对儿童行为问题的影响。方法采用随机分层整群抽样的方法,于2010年10月至2011年1月对广州市黄埔区7所幼儿园1237名（应答率74.9%）3～6岁儿童进行家长问卷调查,内容包括一般情况调查表、家长版长处和困难问卷（SDQ）、3～7岁儿童气质问卷（BSQ）和家庭环境量表（FES）。对1170份有效问卷进行统计分析,对行为问题的影响因素进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果行为问题总检出率为11.4%（134/1170）,未发现性别差异;同伴关系困难检出率最高（23.2%）,其次是多动注意缺陷（16.6%）、品行问题（11.8%）、情绪症状（8.4%）和亲社会行为（8.4%）。多元线性回归模型可以解释SDQ困难总分约50%的变异,行为问题的保护因素有父亲大专/本科以上受教育程度、家庭亲密度和文化性;危险因素有：联合家庭、儿童疾病史（严重先天性疾病或头部严重外伤）、儿童气质的坚持性低、适应性弱、情绪消极、节律性低、反应强烈、活动水平高。结论儿童行为问题的发生发展是多因素共同作用的结果,制定预防及干预措施需综合考虑各方面因素的影响。