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1.
Thejus T. JayakrishnanDanielle E. Green BS Michael HwangAnthony J. Zacharias BS Avishkar SharmaFabian M. Johnston MD MHS Thomas Clark GamblinKiran K. Turaga MD MPH 《The Journal of surgical research》2014
Background
Experience and application of recruitment packages can be critical in leadership efforts of surgical chairpersons in promoting research, although attrition of these efforts can happen over time due to lack of new resources. We aimed to examine the impact of experience of surgical chairpersons on departmental National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding.Methods
Experience as a chairperson defined as the number of years spent as an interim or permanent chair was abstracted from the department Web site (US medical schools only). The NIH funding (US dollars) of the departments were obtained from the Blue Ridge Medical Institute (www.brimr.org). The change in NIH funding from the immediate previous financial year (2010–2009 and 2011–2010) was used to classify chairpersons into four groups: group 1 (−/−), group 2 (−/+), group 3 (+/+), and group 4 (+/−) for analysis.Results
Median NIH funding were $1.9 (0.7–6) million, $1.8 (0.6–5) million, and $1.7 (0.7–5) million for 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively, and the median experience as a surgical chairperson was 6 y (3–10). Recent chairpersons (<1 y) inherited departments that usually lost NIH funding (62%) and were frequently unable to develop a positive trend for growth over the next fiscal year ([−/−] n = 4 and [+/−] n = 2, 75%). Chairpersons who held their positions for 4–6 y were most likely to be associated with trends of positive funding growth, whereas chairpersons >10 y were most likely to have lost funding (66%, P = 0.07).Conclusions
Provision of new development dollars later in their tenure and retention of chairpersons might lead to more positive trends in increase in NIH funding. 相似文献2.
Alice King MD Ian Sharma-CrawfordAimen F. Shaaban MD Thomas H. Inge Timothy M. Crombleholme Brad W. Warner Harold N. Lovvorn III Sundeep G. Keswani 《The Journal of surgical research》2013
Background
The current research environment for academic surgeons demands that extramural funding be obtained. Financial support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is historically the gold standard for funding in the biomedical research community, with the R01 funding mechanism viewed as indicator of research independence. The NIH also supports a mentor-based career development mechanism (K-series awards) in order to support early-stage investigators. The goal of this study was to investigate the grants successfully awarded to pediatric surgeon-scientists and then determine the success of the K-series award recipients at achieving research independence.Methods
In July 2012, all current members of the American Pediatric Surgery Association (APSA) were queried in the NIH database from 1988–2012 through the NIH Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools. The following factors were analyzed: type of grant, institution, amount of funding, and funding institute or center.Results
Among current APSA members, there have been 83 independent investigators receiving grants, representing 13% of the current APSA membership, with 171 independent grants funded through various mechanisms. Six percent currently have active NIH funding, with $7.2 million distributed in 2012. There have been 28 K-series grants awarded. Of the recipients of expired K08 awards, 39% recipients were subsequently awarded an R01 grant. A total of 63% of these K-awarded investigators transitioned to an independent NIH award mechanism.Conclusions
Pediatric surgeon-scientists successfully compete for NIH funding. Our data suggest that although the K-series funding mechanism is not the only path to research independence, over half of the pediatric surgeons who receive a K-award are successful in the transition to independent investigator. 相似文献3.
Background
We aimed to investigate the impact of taking dedicated time for research (DTR) during training and/or getting a PhD on subsequent career achievements of US academic cardiothoracic surgeons.Methods
Online resources (institutional Web sites, CTSNet, Scopus, NIH RePORTER) were queried to collect training information (timing of medical school/residency/fellowship graduation, DTR, PhD) and academic metrics (publications, citations, research funding) for 694 academic cardiothoracic surgeons practicing at 56 premiere US institutions.Results
Excluding missing data, 464 (75 %) surgeons took DTR and 156 (25 %) did not; 629 (91 %) were MD only and 65 (9 %) also had a PhD. DTR was associated with higher number of ongoing publications (~5.6/year vs. ~3.8/year), with no difference for accrued number of total citations. History of DTR was more prevalent among surgeons with versus without NIH funding (87 vs. 71 %; p < 0.001), but no difference was seen across academic ranks and among those who were division/department chiefs. No overall increase in publications/citations, academic rank advancement, NIH funding, or leadership roles was found for those with a PhD.Conclusions
Among cardiothoracic surgeons, devoting time during the training years exclusively to research might be associated with higher career-long academic productivity in terms of annual number new publications and ability to get NIH funding, but without significant impact in terms of academic rank or institutional role advancement. No significant difference was found between those with versus without a PhD in terms of career-long number of publications/citations, academic rank, NIH funding, or leadership role, even though sample size might have been insufficient to identify any such potential difference.4.
Vi Nguyen Rebecca A. Marmor Sonia L. Ramamoorthy Sarah L. Blair Bryan M. Clary Jason K. Sicklick 《Annals of surgical oncology》2018,25(7):1852-1859
Background
A scholar’s h-index is defined as the number of h papers published, each of which has been cited at least h times. We hypothesized that the h-index strongly correlates with the academic rank of surgical oncologists.Methods
We utilized the National Cancer Institute (NCI) website to identify NCI-designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers (CCC) and Doximity to identify the 50 highest-ranked general surgery residency programs with surgical oncology divisions. Demographic data of respective academic surgical oncologists were collected from departmental websites and Grantome. Bibliometric data were obtained from Web of Science.Results
We identified 544 surgical oncologists from 64 programs. Increased h-index was associated with academic rank (p?<?0.001), male gender (p?<?0.001), number of National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants (p?<?0.001), and affiliation with an NCI CCC (p?=?0.018) but not number of additional degrees (p?=?0.661) or Doximity ranking (p?=?0.102). H-index was a stronger predictor of academic rank (r?=?0.648) than total publications (r?=?0.585) or citations (r?=?0.450).Conclusions
This is the first report to assess the h-index within academic surgical oncology. H-index is a bibliometric predictor of academic rank that correlates with NIH grant funding and NCI CCC affiliation. We also highlight a previously unexpected and unappreciated gender disparity in the academic productivity of US surgical oncologists. When academic rank was accounted for, female surgical oncologists had lower h-indices compared with their male colleagues. Evaluation of the etiologies of this gender disparity is needed to address barriers to academic productivity faced by female surgical oncologists as they progress through their careers.5.
Yinin HuBrandy L. Edwards M.D. Kendall D. BrooksTimothy E. Newhook M.D. Craig L. Slingluff Jr. 《American journal of surgery》2015,209(6):1083-1089
Background
The purpose of this study is to compare the compositions of federally funded surgical research between 2003 and 2013, and to assess differences in funding trends between surgery and other medical specialties.Data Sources
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool database was queried for grants within core surgical disciplines during 2003 and 2013. Funding was categorized by award type, methodology, and discipline. Application success rates for surgery and 5 nonsurgical departments were trended over time.Conclusions
Inflation-adjusted NIH funding for surgical research decreased 19% from $270M in 2003 to $219M in 2013, with a shift from R-awards to U-awards. Proportional funding to outcomes research almost tripled, while translational research diminished. Nonsurgical departments have increased NIH application volume over the last 10 years; however, surgery’s application volume has been stagnant. To preserve surgery’s role in innovative research, new efforts are needed to incentivize an increase in application volume. 相似文献6.
Burhan Hassan Elmer Bernstam O. Joe Hines Diane M. Simeone Sharon M. Weber David A. Geller B. Mark Evers Funda Meric-Bernstam 《The Journal of surgical research》2013
Background
The Society of University Surgeons (SUS) has an ongoing competitive funding program to support research training for residents. We sought to determine the career track of award recipients.Methods
We included in the study SUS resident awardees who completed awards from 1989–2007. Characteristics of awardees and their academic productivity were extracted from curriculum vitae provided by awardees (n = 24), or from online sources (n = 7).Results
Awardees spent an average of 2.7 y (range, 1–4 y) of dedicated research time during residency. Awardees averaged 9.8 publications (range, 1–32), with 5.4 as first author (range, 1–17), with their mentor within 3 y of award completion, with an average maximum impact factor of 5.7. A total of 25 residents (81%) pursued fellowships. At an average follow-up of 11.4 y (range, 4–22 y) from the end of the award and 7.2 y (range, 0–18 y) from end of clinical training, awardees had a Hirsch index of 14.5 (range, 2–48). At the time of the study, 26 awardees (84%) were in academic surgery. Of the 23 awardees who had completed surgical training ≥ 3 y earlier, 11 (48%) received independent research funding, seven of whom (30%) received R01 or equivalent funding.Conclusions
The SUS resident research awardees had a productive research experience. Although our retrospective study cannot determine causation, the SUS award mechanism delivers on its promise of supporting junior surgeon-scientists who pursue academic careers and establish independent research programs. Further studies are needed to determine how rates of subsequent independent research funding can be improved. 相似文献7.
8.
Florian M.E. Wagenlehner Henning Schneider Martin Ludwig Jrg Schnitker Elmar Brhler Wolfgang Weidner 《European urology》2009,56(3):544-551
Background
National Institutes of Health (NIH) category III prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a prevalent condition for which no standardised treatment exists.Objectives
To assess the safety and efficacy of a standardised pollen extract in men with inflammatory CP/CPPS.Design, setting, and participants
We conducted a multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study comparing the pollen extract (Cernilton) to placebo in men with CP/CPPS (NIH IIIA) attending urologic centres.Intervention
Participants were randomised to receive oral capsules of the pollen extract (two capsules q8 h) or placebo for 12 wk.Measurements
The primary endpoint of the study was symptomatic improvement in the pain domain of the NIH Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). Participants were evaluated using the NIH-CPSI individual domains and total score, the number of leukocytes in post–prostatic massage urine (VB3), the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and the sexuality domain of a life satisfaction questionnaire at baseline and after 6 and 12 wk.Results and limitations
In the intention-to-treat analysis, 139 men were randomly allocated to the pollen extract (n = 70) or placebo (n = 69). The individual domains pain (p = 0.0086) and quality of life (QoL; p = 0.0250) as well as the total NIH-CPSI score (p = 0.0126) were significantly improved after 12 wk of treatment with pollen extract compared to placebo. Response, defined as a decrease of the NIH-CPSI total score by at least 25% or at least 6 points, was seen in the pollen extract versus placebo group in 70.6% and 50.0% (p = 0.0141), respectively. Adverse events were minor in all patients studied.Conclusions
Compared to placebo, the pollen extract significantly improved total symptoms, pain, and QoL in patients with inflammatory CP/CPPS without severe side-effects. 相似文献9.
Background
This study sought to determine whether early referral from the emergency department (ED) would increase the number of organ donors and the number of organs transplanted per donor (OTPD).Methods
This is a retrospective cohort analysis of all patients referred to a single organ procurement organization for a period of 60 months.Results
Patients referred for organ donation evaluation from the ED were more likely to become organ donors than patients referred from the intensive care unit (19.3% vs 5.2%, P < .001). ED referrals had a greater number of OTPD than those referred from the intensive care unit (mean 3.79 vs 3.16, P = .024), even after adjusting for the higher proportion of ED referrals who were trauma patients (P = .001).Conclusions
Referral for organ donation from the ED is associated with an increased likelihood of organ recovery and with an increased number of OTPD. 相似文献10.
J. Fusciardi F. Remérand A. Landais J. Brodeur D. Journois M. Laffon 《Annales fran?aises d'anesthèsie et de rèanimation》2010
Objective
To know: (1) how French public services of anaesthesia and critical care (ACC) have applied the new principles of hospital management and (2) whether or not it has impacted the different components of ACC.Study design
National questionnaire at the end of 2008, i.e., after 2 years of new hospital management.Material
Heads of ACC services in general (GH) and university hospitals (UH).Methods
Eighteen closed questions and open opinions analyzed. Comparisons of percentages (Chi2 – Yates): linear correlation.Results
Percentages of responses were 70% (n = 51) for UH and 37% (n = 146) for GH. The new management principles were mainly applied. The different clinical and academic components of the ACC specialty (ACC, emergency medicine, pain management) mainly remained associated in UH. In GH, the new management induced constant and various changes. They were mainly judged as defeating the object of the ACC speciality in GH, especially in those of lower and mild sizes.Conclusion
The general tendency is that the ACC specialty was able to maintain the family ties of its different components in the UH. However, this principle was not a cornerstone of the new management in the GH. 相似文献11.
Introduction
As part of a quality assurance in the anaesthesia department, this study was designed to enhance the rate of neuromuscular blockade monitoring for patients receiving muscle relaxant during anaesthesia.Methods
After approval of our local ethical committee, we assessed 200 computerized anaesthesia records in which neuromuscular relaxants were used. The following data were collected: demographic characteristics, durations of anaesthesia and surgery, use of neuromuscular monitoring, reversal agents and the quality of neuromuscular monitoring. The results were discussed with all anaesthesia providers of the department and an internal guideline was elaborated with the endpoint that all patients having muscle relaxants should have quantitative neuromuscular monitoring. Six months later, another assessment of 200 consecutive records collected the same data to check the efficiency of the elaborated guideline.Results
The monitoring rate was of 67% at the first assessment and increased to 94% (p < 0.05). The reversal rate was at 48% in the first assessment and was stable at the second assessment (50%). The rate of patients not monitored and not reversed decreased from 5 to 2% (p < 0.05).Discussion
This study shows that as part of a quality assurance program systematic quantitative monitoring of neuromuscular blockade can be significantly increased. 相似文献12.
Background
High rates of surgical breast biopsies in community hospitals have been reported but may misrepresent actual practice.Methods
Patient-level data from 5,757 women who underwent breast biopsies in a large integrated health system were evaluated to determine biopsy types, rates, indications, and diagnoses.Results
Between 2008 and 2010, 6,047 breast biopsies were performed on 5,757 women. Surgical biopsy was the initial diagnostic procedure in 16% (n = 942) of women overall and in 6% (72 of 1,236) of women with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer. Invasive breast cancer was diagnosed in 72 women (8%) undergoing surgical biopsy compared with 1,164 (24%) undergoing core needle biopsy (P < .001, age adjusted). Main indications for surgical biopsies included symptomatic abnormalities, technical challenges, and patient choice.Conclusions
Surgical biopsy was the initial diagnostic procedure in 16% of women with breast abnormalities, comparable with rates at academic centers. Rates could be improved by more careful consideration of indications. 相似文献13.
J.A. Caramiciu J.P. Adams B.T. McKown C.D. French E.R. Ruggieri S.O. Heard 《Transplantation proceedings》2014
Introduction
Timely referral of patients following asystolic death to an organ procurement organization (OPO) may increase tissue donation rates. Lack of education of health care providers and nonphysicians (admitting department) about timely referral to the OPO following asystolic death may adversely affect tissue donation rates. We hypothesized that using an in-house donation coordinator for provider education and changing the responsibility for calling the OPO from the admitting department to the licensed independent practitioner (LIP) declaring death would increase timely referral and tissue donation rates.Methods
An education program was developed in 2005 by a newly hired in-house coordinator to highlight the importance of tissue donation. In addition, to improve timely referrals to the OPO after death, the instructions accompanying the working copy of the death certificate were altered to require the patient's LIP to call the OPO within 1 hour of death (early 2007). Rates for both timely referrals and tissue donors were modeled by a Poisson regression model with a log link function.Results
Timely referral rates rose from 48% before the interventions to 72% after the intervention (P < .0001). The number of tissue donors per number of referrals also increased significantly (P = .025) over that period.Conclusions
An in-house donation coordinator initiated education program and LIP referral rather than referral by other parties following asystolic death results in higher tissue donation rates. 相似文献14.
Introduction
A previous meta-analysis has found an association between red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and mortality in critically ill patients, but no review has focused on the trauma population only.Objectives
To determine the association between RBC transfusion and mortality in the trauma population, with secondary outcomes of multiorgan failure (MOF) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or acute lung injury (ALI).Data sources
EMBASE (1947–2012) and MEDLINE (1946–2012).Study eligibility criteria
Randomized controlled trials and observational studies were to be included if they assessed the association between RBC transfusion and either the primary (mortality) or secondary outcomes (MOF, ARDS/ALI).Participants
Trauma patients.Exposure
Red blood cell transfusion.Methods
A literature search was completed and reviewed in duplicate to identify eligible studies. Studies were included in the pooled analyses if an attempt was made to determine the association between RBC and the outcomes, after adjusting for important confounders. A random effects model was used for and heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.Results
40 observational studies were included in the qualitative review. Including studies which adjusted for important confounders found the odds of mortality increased with each additional unit of RBC transfused (9 Studies, OR 1.07, 95%CI 1.04–1.10, I2 82.9%). The odds of MOF (3 studies, OR 1.08, 95%CI 1.02–1.14, I2 95.9%) and ARDS/ALI (2 studies, OR 1.06, 95%CI 1.03–1.10, I2 0%) also increased with each additional RBC unit transfused.Conclusions
We have found an association between RBC transfusion and the primary and secondary outcomes, based on observational studies only. This represents the extent of the published literature. Further interventional studies are needed to clarify how limiting transfusion can affect mortality and other outcomes. 相似文献15.
Shaun C. Daly Rebecca A. Deal Daniel E. Rinewalt Amanda B. Francescatti Minh B. Luu Keith W. Millikan Mary C. Anderson Jonathan A. Myers 《American journal of surgery》2014
Background
The purpose of our study was to determine the predictive impact of individual academic measures for the matriculation of senior medical students into a general surgery residency.Methods
Academic records were evaluated for third-year medical students (n = 781) at a single institution between 2004 and 2011. Cohorts were defined by student matriculation into either a general surgery residency program (n = 58) or a non–general surgery residency program (n = 723). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate independently significant academic measures.Results
Clinical evaluation raw scores were predictive of general surgery matriculation (P = .014). In addition, multivariate modeling showed lower United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores to be independently associated with matriculation into general surgery (P = .007).Conclusions
Superior clinical aptitude is independently associated with general surgical matriculation. This is in contrast to the negative correlation United States Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 scores have on general surgery matriculation. Recognizing this, surgical clerkship directors can offer opportunities for continued surgical education to students showing high clinical aptitude, increasing their likelihood of surgical matriculation. 相似文献16.
François Letarte Julie Hallet Sébastien Drolet Cindy Boulanger-Gobeil Alexandre Bouchard Roger C. Grégoire Jean-Pierre Gagné Claude Thibault Philippe Bouchard 《American journal of surgery》2015,209(6):992-998
Background
We conducted a retrospective cohort study to compare the outcomes of laparoscopic colon resection (LCR) with open colon resection (OCR) for complicated diverticular disease (CDD) during emergent hospital admission.Methods
Charts from all patients undergoing colon resection for CDD during emergent hospital admission at a single academic institution were reviewed. The primary outcomes were overall 30-day postoperative morbidity and mortality.Results
From 2000 to 2010, 125 cases were retrieved (49 LCR and 86 OCR). Conversion rate was 5.1%. Overall morbidity significantly decreased with laparoscopic surgery compared with OCR. No mortality occurred with LCR. Prolonged ileus was less frequent (12.8% vs 32.6%; P = .02), time to oral intake shorter (3 vs 6 days; P < .01), and LOS shorter (5 vs 8 days; P = .05) for LCR.Conclusions
In our series, in the patients selected, LCR for CDD during emergent hospital admission appears to be a safe procedure associated with decreased morbidity, time to oral intake, and LOS compared with OCR. 相似文献17.
A. Mézière E. Paillaud J. Belmin S. Pariel S. Herbaud F. Canouï-Poitrine A. Le Thuaut J. Marty B. Plaud 《Annales fran?aises d'anesthèsie et de rèanimation》2013
Objective
Preoperative cognitive impairment has been identified as a major risk factor for postoperative delirium in older people. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a validated and rapid screening cognitive test — COgnitive Disorder EXamination (CODEX) — performed preoperatively before proximal femoral fracture repair, was associated with a risk of postoperative delirium.Study design
We performed an observational prospective cohort study in orthopedic surgery department of a French hospital.Patients
We included patients aged 70 years or older undergoing proximal femoral fracture repair and who were free of known dementia and delirium at the preoperative phase.Methods
Before surgery, the anesthesiologist realized the CODEX based on three-word recall test, simplified clock drawing and if one of these tasks was abnormal, spatial orientation was assessed. Delirium was routinely sought on postoperative day 3 (D3) using the Confusion Assessment Method by the geriatrician.Results
Among the 52 included patients, seven (13.5%) had delirium on D3. All seven patients were among the 25 patients with abnormal CODEX results. None of the 27 patients with normal CODEX results had postoperative delirium. Abnormal CODEX was significantly associated with the risk of postoperative delirium in univariate analysis and after adjustment for age (odds ratio [OR]: 13.33; 95% confidence interval, [95%CI]: 1.85 ± ∞; P < 0.003).Conclusion
Abnormal preoperative rapid screening test CODEX is independently associated with postoperative delirium in older people undergoing hip fracture surgery and free of known dementia. 相似文献18.
Objectives
To establish the primary determinants of operative radiation use during fixation of proximal femur fractures.Design
Retrospective cohort study.Setting
Level I trauma centre.Cohort
205 patients treated surgically for subtrochanteric and intertrochanteric femoral fractures.Main outcome measures
Fluoroscopy time, dose-area-product (DAP).Results
Longer fluoroscopy time was correlated with higher body mass index (p = 0.04), subtrochanteric fracture (p < 0.001), attending surgeon (p = 0.001), and implant type (p < 0.001). Increased DAP was associated with higher body mass index (p < 0.001), subtrochanteric fracture (p = 0.002), attending surgeon (p = 0.003), lateral body position (p < 0.001), and implant type (p = 0.05).Conclusion
The strongest determinants of radiation use during surgical fixation of intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric femur fractures were location of fracture, patient body position, patient body mass index, and the use of cephalomedullary devices. Surgeon style, presumably as it relates to teaching efforts, seems to strongly influence radiation use. 相似文献19.
Luigi F. Da Pozzo Cesare Cozzarini Alberto Briganti Nazareno Suardi Andrea Salonia Roberto Bertini Andrea Gallina Marco Bianchi Gemma V. Fantini Angelo Bolognesi Ferruccio Fazio Francesco Montorsi Patrizio Rigatti 《European urology》2009
Background
Recent large, prospective, randomised studies have demonstrated that adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) is a safe and effective procedure for preventing disease recurrence in locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients. However, no study has ever tested the role of adjuvant RT in node-positive patients after radical prostatectomy (RP).Objective
We hypothesised that adjuvant RT with early hormone therapy (HT) might improve long-term outcomes of patients with PCa and nodal metastases treated with RP and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND).Design, setting, and participants
This retrospective study included 250 consecutive patients with pathologic lymph node invasion. We assessed factors predicting long-term biochemical recurrence (BCR)–free and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in node-positive PCa patients treated with RP, ePLND, and adjuvant treatments between 1988 and 2002 in a tertiary academic centre.Intervention
All patients received adjuvant treatments according to the treating physician after detailed patient information: 129 patients (51.6%) were treated with a combination of RT and HT, while 121 patients (48.4%) received adjuvant HT alone.Measurements
BCR-free survival and CSS in patients with node-positive PCa.Results and limitations
Mean follow-up was 95.9 mo (median: 91.2). BCR-free survival and CSS rates at 5, 8, and 10 yr were 72%, 61%, 53% and 89%, 83%, 80%, respectively. In multivariable Cox regression models, adjuvant RT and the number of positive nodes were independent predictors of BCR-free survival (p = 0.002 and p = 0.003, respectively) as well as of CSS (p = 0.009 and p = 0.01, respectively). Moreover, there was significant gain in predictive accuracy when adjuvant RT was included in multivariable models predicting BCR-free survival and CSS (gain: 3.3% and 3%, respectively; all p < 0.001).Conclusions
Our data showed excellent long-term outcome for node-positive PCa patients treated with radical surgery plus adjuvant treatments. This study is the first to report a significant protective role for adjuvant RT in BCR-free survival and CSS of node-positive patients. 相似文献20.
Shokei Matsumoto Kazuhiko Sekine Hiroyuki Funaoka Tomohiro Funabiki Motoyasu Yamazaki Tomohiko Orita Kei Hayashida Mitsuhide Kitano 《American journal of surgery》2016,212(5):961-968