高原地区军人焦虑及其相关因素研究

目的了解高原地区军人焦虑状况及其相关因素.方法采用焦虑自评量表、自动思维问卷、简易应对方式问卷、青少年生活事件量表、社会支持评定量表和艾森克个性问卷对267名高原地区军人进行测评.结果高原地区军人的焦虑水平(37.22±6.64)显著高于全国常模(t=17.92,P<0.01);焦虑与自动思维、消极应对、生活事件、精神质和神经质呈显著正相关(r=0.459,0.242,0.524,0.275,0.518,P<0.01),与社会支持呈显著负相关(r=-0.273,P<0.01);多因素回归分析表明(R2=0.367):自动思维、消极应对、生活事件、社会支持、精神质和神经质对高原地区军人心理健康水平均有预测性,其中生活事件和神经质直接影响焦虑,自动思维、消极应、精神质对和社会支持间接导致焦虑.结论高原地区军人有较高的焦虑水平,对高原地区军人焦虑的发生,自动思维、消极应对、生活事件、社会支持、精神质和神经质既存在直接影响又有交互作用.     

高原军人抑郁及其相关因素调查

目的了解高原军人抑郁状况及相关因素.方法采用抑郁自评量表、自动思维问卷、简易应对方式问卷、青少年生活事件量表、社会支持评定量表和艾森克个性问卷对267名高原军人进行测评.结果抑郁检出率51.56%;抑郁与自动思维、消极应对、生活事件、精神质和神经质呈显著正相关,与积极应对、社会支持和内外向呈显著负相关;多因素回归分析表明:自动思维、积极应对、消极应对、生活事件、社会支持、精神质、内外向和神经质对高原军人抑郁均有预测性,其中生活事件、神经质、积极应对和内外向直接影响抑郁,自动思维、精神质、社会支持和消极应对间接导致抑郁.结论高原军人抑郁发生率较高,对高原军人抑郁的发生,自动思维、积极应对、消极应对、生活事件、社会支持、精神质、内外向和神经质均有预测力.     

自动思维、生活事件、社会支持对高原军人抑郁的影响

目的: 了解高原地区军人抑郁状况及相关因素,为心理教育和部队管理提供依据和措施.方法: 采用抑郁自评量表、自动思维问卷、青少年生活事件量表对267名高原地区军人进行测评.结果: ①高原地区军人的抑郁水平显著高于全国正常人常模(P<0.01),256名军人中137人 (53.5%)无抑郁,64人 (53.8%)有轻度抑郁,51人(42.9%)有中度,4人(3.4%)重度抑郁;②相关分析表明: 抑郁与自动思维、生活事件呈显著正相关(r=0.397,r=0.420),与军龄和社会支持呈显著负相关(r=-0.151,r=-0.324),而与海拔高度无显著相关(r=-0.033);③路径分析表明: 自动思维、生活事件、社会支持和军龄对高原地区军人抑郁水平均有预测性.结论: 高原地区军人有较高的抑郁水平,且高于中国常人.军龄、生活事件、社会支持和负性思维与高原军人的抑郁水平有关,并直接预测其抑郁的水平.     

高原军人自测健康状况及其影响因素的研究

目的了解高原军人的自测健康状况及其影响因素.方法采用随机整群抽样法,选择驻西藏某部队官兵490名,应用自测健康评定量表、艾森克个性问卷、生活事件量表、领悟社会支持量表和简易应对方式问卷进行调查.结果高原军人的自测健康状况高于平均水平(6.51～7.93分);人格的内外向和神经质维度、生活事件、社会支持、积极应对、消极应对与自测健康各子量表的得分和总分相关显著(r=0.11～0.59,P <0.01);多元回归结果表明,人格的内外向和神经质维度、社会支持、人际和工作环境事件因子、积极和消极应对是影响高原军人自测健康状况的主要因素.结论高原军人的自测健康状况尚好,保持情绪的稳定、完善个性、寻求社会支持、减轻生活事件的影响、采用积极的应对行为是提高他们健康状况的有效途径.     

高原军人自测健康状况及其影响因素的研究

目的 了解高原军人的自测健康状况及其影响因素.方法 采用随机整群抽样法,选择驻西藏某部队官兵490名,应用自测健康评定量表、艾森克个性问卷、生活事件量表、领悟社会支持量表和简易应对方式问卷进行调查.结果 高原军人的自测健康状况高于平均水平（6.51～7.93分）;人格的内外向和神经质维度、生活事件、社会支持、积极应对、消极应对与自测健康各子量表的得分和总分相关显著（r=0.11～0.59,P 〈0.01）;多元回归结果表明,人格的内外向和神经质维度、社会支持、人际和工作环境事件因子、积极和消极应对是影响高原军人自测健康状况的主要因素.结论 高原军人的自测健康状况尚好,保持情绪的稳定、完善个性、寻求社会支持、减轻生活事件的影响、采用积极的应对行为是提高他们健康状况的有效途径.     

武警新兵交往焦虑的相关因素分析

目的:研究某部武警新兵交往焦虑水平及其影响因素. 方法:采用交往焦虑量表(IAS)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、自尊量表(SES)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、简易应对方式问卷,测评981名新兵的交往焦虑状况、人格、自尊、社会支持、应对方式,并作相关分析和多元线性逐步回归分析. 结果:入伍新兵的交往焦虑平均分(42.93±7.35). 交往焦虑与神经质、消极应对呈正相关(r=0.46,0.26,P＜0.01);与内外向、积极应对、自尊、社会支持呈负相关(r=-0.43, -0.26,-0.15,-0.24,P＜0.01). 进入以交往焦虑评分为因变量的回归方程的因素依次有神经质、内外向、积极应对、消极应对、自尊(R=0.58,R2=0.34,P＜0.01). 结论:神经质、内外向、积极应对、消极应对、自尊是影响交往焦虑的主要因素.     

潜艇艇员心理应激因素的路径分析

目的 探讨潜艇艇员心理应激的影响因素及其相互作用方式和途径.方法 对460名潜艇艇员进行量表测评,包括心理社会应激调查表(PSSG)、生活事件量表(LES)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、特质应对问卷(TCSQ)和领悟社会支持量表(PSSS),采用SPSS15.0建立数据库和Ames7.0进行路径分析.结果 ①潜艇艇员不同衔级组间心理应激水平存在高度显著性差异(F=12.12,P＜0.01),其中高级士官及军官组[(51.46±25.19)分]心理应激水平最高,而义务兵组[(35.63±16.94)分]最低.②潜艇艇员心理应激水平与神经质(r=0.768)、消极应对(r=0.634)、生活事件(r=0.404)和精神质r=0.329)等呈高度显著性正相关,与社会支持r=-0.326)、积极应对r=-0.325)和内外向(r=-0.117)等呈显著或高度显著性负相关.③各因素对潜艇艇员心理应激水平的总效应按影响大小依次为神经质(r=0.724),生活事件(r=0.399),社会支持(r=-0.135),消极应对(r=0.119),精神质(r=0.055),内外向(r=-0.027)和积极应对(r=-0.026).结论 潜艇艇员心理应激受生活事件、个性、应对方式和社会支持等多因素的综合影响.     

住院军人心理状况及影响因素研究

目的:探讨住院军人心理健康状况及人格特征、社会支持、应对方式和认知方式特征。方法:采用90项症状清单(SCL-90)、简易应对方式问卷、艾森克人格问卷、社会支持量表(SSRS)和认知方式问卷对196名住院军人和202名地方住院患者进行问卷调查。结果:1住院军人同地方患者比较,强迫、人际敏感和焦虑因子高于地方患者,躯体化和敌对因子低于地方患者(P<0.05或0.01);2住院军人消极应对、神经质(N)和认知方式得分明显高于地方患者,而精神质(P)和客观支持得分明显低于地方患者(P<0.05或0.01);3回归分析显示,SCL-90总分有显著性影响的因素由大到小依次为客观支持、认知方式、消极应对和病种。结论:住院军人心理健康状况同地方患者有一定差别,具备军人独有的特征,主要受应对方式、认知方式、社会支持以及疾病种类的综合影响。     

驻岛新兵心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

目的：研究上岛新兵的心理健康及其相关因素,为其心理卫生工作提供参考．方法：采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对106名上岛新兵进行心理评估,并与中国新兵常模进行比较,分析其心理健康状况特点,采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、简易应对方式问卷、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、自尊量表、自编的生活事件量表进行社会心理影响因素分析。结果：上岛新兵SCL-90各因子分均高于中国新兵常模,而且在强迫、人际敏感、焦虑、敌意、精神病性因子上有显著性差异,SCL-90总分及阳性项数也有极其显著差异,他们的心理健康与其人格的神经质与精神质维度、消极应对方式、生活事件均呈显著的正相关,与自尊呈显著的负相关关系．结论：上岛新兵心理健康状况普遍低于中国新兵常模,其影响因素依次为生活事件、神经质、消极应对和内外向。     

郑州市医护人员心理健康状况调查

目的:调查医护人员心理健康状况,为医护人员开展心理健康教育提供理论依据.方法:采用一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)和社会支持问卷(SSRS),对郑州市190名5所省市级医院的医护人员(医生87例,护士103例)心理健康相关因素进行分析.结果:护士心理健康总分及消极应对分均高于医生(t=2.90,P=0.004 1;t=2.14,P=0.034 0),人格评分不同性别与常模比较,精神质分与神经质分均高于常模(P＜0.001);多因素分析显示医生的复相关系数R=0.763 0,决定系数R2=0.582 1;护士R=0.685 6,R2=0.470 0,医生积极应对应激事件能力高出护士近1倍.医生心理健康状况变化受社会支持、应对方式、个性的影响程度约为58.21%,而护士为47.00%.结论:护士要提高医学理论知识和医疗技能,面对应激事件才能改变消极应对方式.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.