扩展高频气导纯音测听与年龄的关系

纯音测听中常以125Hz-8kHz频率为基础的听力检测。C 将8kHz-20kHz的超高频测听命名为扩展频率纯音阈值测听法(EFPTTA),过去文献中已有超高频骨导昕阈测听用于临床的报道,但尚无气导超高频听阈检测记载。     

扩展高频测听在噪声性听力损失早期诊断中的应用

目的 探讨扩展高频测听（１０－２０ｋＨｚ）在噪声性听力损失早期诊断中的作用及不同年龄,工龄,暴露噪声的强度与１０－２０ｋＨｚ听阈损失的关系。方法 应用频率范围为０．５－２０ｋＨｚ的纯音听力计对１０００名噪声下作业工人的听力进行检测,以１２０名不同年龄的健康人作为对照组,结果在９５－１１５ｄＢ（Ａ）的噪声强度下,当０．５～６ｋＨｚ的阈值未出异常时,１０－１８ｋＨｚ的阈值明显高于对照９５－１１５ｄＢ（     

扩展高频测听对常规纯音测听正常的耳鸣患者早期听力损失的诊断价值

人耳能听到20～20 000 Hz不同频率的声音,但目前临床常用的听力评价方法为纯音测听,其范围只包括0.125～8 kHz.而扩展高频测听为非常规纯音测听,可以测得人耳8 kHz以上的扩展高频听阈.     

高频测听及耳声发射对老年性听力损失早期诊断的研究

目的探讨扩展高频听阈及畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）幅值与年龄的关系及其对老年性听力损失早期诊断的意义。方法应用扩展高频测听和畸变产物耳声发射对100例常频听力正常者（20～70岁,分5个年龄段）进行听力测试。结果在扩展高频测听中,随测试频率增高,各年龄段听阈逐渐增加,不同测试频率随年龄增加听阈增高,听阈检出率逐渐下降,经SPSS软件分析,在9～11．2kHz,41岁以下组间无显著性差异,但与41岁及以上组有显著性差异（P〈0．01）;12．5～16kHz,20～30岁组与其他各组均有显著差异,51～60岁组与61～70岁组无显著差异。在DPOAE测试中,各频率随年龄增长DPOAE幅值下降,尤其在高频区,不同年龄段DPOAE幅值有显著差异。结论扩展高频测听与畸变产物耳声发射幅值可以作为对老年性听力损失早期诊断的依据,均可以用于老年性听力损失的早期筛查和诊断。     

老年性聋特点及高频测听在其早期诊断中的意义

老年性聋(presbycusis)是指因年龄的增长,听觉器官随同身体其他组织器官一起发生的缓慢进行性老化过程,并出现听力减退的生理现象。Pearlman[1]提出的老年性聋的临床定义为:双耳对称性感音神经性听力损失,没有重振或呈不全重振,无噪声接触史,言语辨别率与纯音听阈不成比例。听力减退常从高频开始,     

正常人8～18 kHz听阈值的检测

目的 研究正常人8～18 kHz扩展高频测听的阈值范围以及阈值特征.方法 选择18～72岁正常人242例(484耳),男142例,女100例,每间隔10岁为一组,共分6组,应用美国GSI-61型听力计,分别行8～18 kHz听阈值检测.结果 40岁及以下各年龄组扩展高频的听阈总趋势是随频率的增加而增加;41～60岁各年龄组,10～14 kHz的阈值随频率增加而增加,14 kHz以上频率阈值随频率增加反而下降;在61～72岁年龄组8～12 kHz的阈值随频率增加明显提高,12 kHz以上各频率阈值随频率增长有下降趋势.扩展高频的阈值未检出率随年龄增长而逐渐上升,在18～岁、21～岁两个年龄组,18 kHz阈值的未检出率各为3%和4%,18 kHz以下的未检出率均为0;61～72岁组18 kHz的未检出率达78%.左右耳及性别间扩展高频测听阈值差异无统计学意义. 结论正常人扩展高频测听敏感性随年龄及测听频率的增高而降低,阈值变化的差异也因频率和年龄的不同而不同,在评价早期高频听力损害时,需考虑年龄及频率因素.     

Tinnitus with normal hearing sensitivity: extended high-frequency audiometry and auditory-nerve brain-stem-evoked responses

Extended high-frequency (HF) audiometry and auditory-nerve brain-stem-evoked responses (ABR) were carried out on two groups of subjects with normal hearing sensitivity. The experimental group comprised 17 subjects with tinnitus, while the control group consisted of age- and sex-matched subjects, not suffering from tinnitus. The aim of the study was to determine whether extended HF audiometry or ABR might reveal significant differences between these two groups of subjects with normal hearing sensitivity. In addition, the characteristics of tinnitus in subjects with normal audiograms were discussed. The results of extended HF audiometry showed no significant differences between the subjects with and without tinnitus. The ABR parameters considered were also within normal limits bilaterally. Based on the methods employed in this study, tinnitus in normal listeners does not appear to reflect appreciable damage in the cochlea or in the brain-stem auditory pathways. The authors present some suggestions for future research.     

Evoked response audiometry in patients with peripheral hearing loss

The acoustically-evoked vertex response has been studied in normally-hearing subjects and those with peripheral hearing losses, including both sensorineural and conductive losses. Comparison of evoked response (ERA) thresholds with those determined by conventional manual (subjective) audiometry give results similar to those obtained by other workers. Of particular note was an ability to demonstrate an increase in amplitude and a reduction in latency of the evoked response when the ear was occluded in subjects with normal sound transmitting mechanisms, but not in cases of conductive hearing losses. Thus we are now able to perform the Bing test objectively.     

Saccular damage in patients with high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss

Subjects with high frequency sensorineural hearing loss (HF-SNHL) without retrocochlear pathology are those group which certainly encountered inner ear damaging factors. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of cochlear damaging factors on the sacculocollic pathway. Fifty patients (76 ears) with varying degrees of HF-SNHL but without clinical manifestations of vestibular pathology tested for vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP). The results were compared with those of 18-healthy referents (32 ears) examined in the same way. Subjects with HF-SNHL greater than 40 dB HL showed significantly more saccular deterioration, estimated as negative VEMP responses than did the referents. This suggests subclinical disturbances of the vestibular system especially of the saccule in these patients. The underlying mechanism may be simultaneous damage to both the cochlea and saccule by the same factors.     

Hearing aid benefit in patients with high-frequency hearing loss

Patients with hearing loss limited to frequencies above 2 kHz are often considered borderline candidates for hearing aids. In this study, we used the Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit to access 134 patients' perceived benefit with a variety of linear hearing aids, some more capable than others at achieving prescribed frequency gain targets. We also sought to explore various audiologic and subject factors that might have led patients to report different degrees of success or failure with their hearing aids. Results demonstrate that subjects with hearing loss limited to frequencies above 2 kHz benefit significantly from amplification. However, the amount of benefit reported is mostly unrelated to the hearing aid gain and frequency response. Of numerous audiologic and demographic factors explored in the present study, the number of hours of hearing aid use per day turned out to be the most important single factor that was significantly related to the amount of reported hearing aid benefit. However, the predictive value of knowing how many hours per day subjects wore their aids, or any other combination of factors explored, was quite limited and only accounted for a small amount of the variability observed in user benefit.     

New clinical finding in vestibular neuritis: high-frequency audiometry hearing loss in the affected ear

Twenty-one patients with established vestibular neuronitis were examined otoneurologically and audiologically. High-frequency audiometry up to 20,000 Hz was performed on all the patients. In 17 cases a high-frequency hearing loss was greater in the ear with vestibular neuritis. The mean hearing loss difference varied from 14 dB to 24 depending on the frequency. Our results reveal that in most cases of vestibular neuritis there are no isolated vestibular lesions, but most cases also involve an auditory end-organ lesion. This finding is in unison with the anatomic conditions of the cochlea and the vestibular end-organ.     

Short-term word-learning rate in children with normal hearing and children with hearing loss in limited and extended high-frequency bandwidths

PURPOSE: This study examined children's word learning in limited and extended high-frequency bandwidth conditions. These conditions represent typical listening environments for children with hearing loss (HL) and children with normal hearing (NH), respectively. METHOD: Thirty-six children with NH and 14 children with moderate-to-severe HL served as participants. All of the children were between 8 and 10 years of age and were assigned to either the limited or the extended bandwidth conditions. Five nonsense words were paired with 5 novel pictures. Word learning was assessed in a single session, multitrial, learning paradigm lasting approximately 15 min. Learning rate was defined as the number of exposures necessary to achieve 70% correct performance. RESULTS: Analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect for bandwidth but not for group. A Bandwidth x Group interaction was also not observed. In this short-term learning paradigm, the children in both groups required 3 times as many exposures to learn each new word in the limited bandwidth condition compared with the extended bandwidth condition. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that children with HL may benefit from extended high-frequency amplification when learning new words and for other long-term auditory processes.