临床带教肝胆外科学硕士研究生的体会

临床能力培养是医学生基础理论学习走向实际临床工作的重要阶段,针对肝胆外科硕士研究生的特点,作者提出应加强以下几方面的训练:加强外科手术基本功训练,为追求外科艺术打下基础;养成科学的以循证医学为基础的临床思维方式;培养高尚的医德及责任意识;提高医患沟通能力。这样就能全面提高他们的素质,为他们以后更好、更快的发展打下全面坚实的基础。     

科学研究与临床训练并重培养外科医师

目的讨论如何科学研究与临床训练并重培养外科医师。方法提出外科医师进行科学研究的重要性,分析目前外科医师研工作的现状,从而提出如何提高外科医师的科研水平。结果外科医师的科学研究经常带来医学的飞跃式发展,现有科研水平亟待提高,要从青年医师抓起,改善师资力量,鼓励创造性思维,提高标书书写水平争取更多科研基金。结论外科医师做科研工作,要做理论联系实践,在临床实践中激发创造性思维,鼓励创新;吸引更多的年青医学生和外科医师加入到外科科研工作中,给他们提供高素质的指导老师,指导他们学习撰写标书,争取科研基金,去实现自己的科研理想。从而培养出更多科学研究与临床训练兼修的外科医师,让科学思维与创新精神在外科医师脑海中长久不衰。     

中医药院校西医外科实习中如何重视基本问题

作者通过在中医药院校三十余年的西医外科教学经验,体会到培养实习医师的职业道德和人文素质与传授知识和技能同样重要;要重视外科基本功的训练,指导他们积极地参与临床治疗、教学查房、外科专题讲座;及时掌握外科新技术、新疗法,不断鼓励和激发实习医生的创新思维能力,参与外科临床科研工作和解决医疗实践中遇到的新问题;培养他们经常阅读有关专著及医学文献,掌握和利用多媒体化、网络化、虚拟化的理论和技术。避免了中医药院校的外科学生进入社会后出现"高分低能"现象,使他们在临床工作中成为一名真正的现代外科医生。     

外科护理学实践教学方法改进措施

目的探讨外科护理学实践教学方法的改进措施。方法将我校2005级护理本科全部63名学生作为实验班,以2004级护理本科全部79名学生作为对照班。对照组采用传统的教学方法;实验组采用加强外科护理基本技能操作训练、突出学生的主体地位、应用角色扮演等教学方法加强沟通训练、将护士素质培养融于教学中等手段进行教学方法改进。结果实验班平均成绩高出对照班3.62分,经统计学处理P〈0.05,有显著性差异。结论外科护理学实践教学改革能突出学生主体地位,提高了学生应变能力,观察及解决问题能力,为学生步入临床打下坚实基础。     

浅谈住院医师规范化培训

临床住院医师规范化培训是提高临床住院医师素质、培养高素质人才极为重要又不可缺少的阶段。本文从六个方面对住院医师的规范化培训进行探讨:转变教育观念,培养实用型人才;强化基本理论学习,夯实理论基础;重视病历书写的训练;加强外科基本技能训练;实行导师制教育模式;加强人文思想教育,培养良好的医德医风。     

加强外科基本手术操作和无菌观念的一些看法

外科学是医学科学的重要组成部分,是一门实践性很强的学科,加强对医学生基本手术操作技能和无菌观念的训练十分重要。为加强这一环节,我们对八三级实习生在外科实习期间的情况进行了调查,报告如下。     

外科进修医师临床科研能力培养现状调查与分析

对我院近 4年来 2 3 0名外科进修医师进行了问卷调查。结果发现 ,进修医师学习结束后 ,90 %以上没有得到科研训练 ,临床科研能力明显不足。因此 ,积极为其开设科研选修课程和讲座、提供临床科研训练、指导撰写科研论文是加强外科进修医师临床科研能力的有效途径和方法。     

外科基本技能训练"四步曲"

笔者在外科学教学中，积极探索，总结经验，采取了“四步曲”的教学方式，加强学生的技能训练，促进学生对外科基本技能的掌握，为今后的临床工作打好基础。     

颌面外科门诊临床教学的质量提高和医疗安全策略分析

为了改善颌面外科门诊临床教学的质量和医疗安全,作者根据口腔颌面外科门诊临床教学的特点,分析了现阶段颌面外科门诊实习存在的问题,从实习医生基础理论知识的加强,颌面外科思维能力的培养,沟通技巧的训练,加强其法律和伦理意识,利用问题式教学模式和PDCA理论,改善口腔颌面外科临床教学模式,建立合理的临床实习教学评价体系,提升口腔颌面外科门诊教学质量和医疗安全。     

提高外科动物实验课教学质量的探讨

为提高外科动物实验课教学质量,在教学过程中带教教师应注重培养学生的无菌意识,加强其外科基本操作技术的训练,同时注重提高自身的素质和带教水平,善于在教学过程中不断总结,并充分发挥多媒体技术在医学教学中的作用。     

Training for visiting registrars: experience in East Anglia, UK.

A questionnaire was sent to 24 visiting registrars in East Anglia to obtain information on their perceptions of their training experiences. The results suggest that the needs of overseas doctors and the requirements of training authorities would benefit from organisational changes aimed at improving selection and training programmes. Formal training programmes are needed, tailored to an individual''s requirement, with identification of educational supervisors for each trainee. An improved system of introduction to the National Health Service is also required.     

基于Wechat平台Media studio pro编辑技术在放射治疗学教学中运用的研究

目的　探讨构建WeChat平台并导入Media studio pro编辑技术优化后的PPT在放射治疗学教学中应用的效果。方法　选择福建医科大学医学影像技术本科生共60名,分为试验组（n=30）和对照组（n=30）。试验组学生建立微信群,并获得优化的PPT;对照组按传统授课模式进行课堂教学及临床实践。选取并翻译马斯特里赫特临床问卷（Maastricht clinical teaching questionnaire,MCTQ）问卷中的24项内容。组织放射治疗及医学影像专业的科任教师共30名,分为两组,应用该问卷对两种教学模式进行评价。考查两组学生的学习成绩。采用SPSS 23.0软件进行独立样本t检验。结果　教师对两种教学模式的MCTQ问卷评分结果显示：试验组教学模式对学生的临床实践操作、获得更多的学习机会等11个方面有优势（P<0.05）。试验组学生的实践成绩[（84.67±7.29）vs.（80.03±8.97）]及总评成绩[（81.53±8.78）vs.（76.77±9.49）]均优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论　基于WeChat平台并导入Media studio pro编辑技术优化后的PPT,在肿瘤放射治疗学教学中值得推广。     

跨学科联合培养对眼科学专业学位硕士研究生教育的重要性

眼科学与多种学科相互联系的特点,决定跨学科联合培养对眼科学研究生教育极为必要。接受跨学科联合培养,可以优化眼科学专业学位硕士研究生知识结构,提升其创新能力,增强其综合素质。针对制约跨学科联合培养的因素,应拟定专职行政管理制度、构建多学科交流平台、重视导师的跨学科研究、建立双导师或多导师培养制度、开展合理的跨学科评价、完善各种激励机制等,以促进眼科专业学位硕士研究生教育质量。     

产科进修医师教学探讨

在三甲医院产科,进修医师承担着繁重的一线临床任务,其教学质量关系到进修医师个人业务的提高,也关系到医院的医疗安全。在产科教学中注重培养进修医师的人文素质,关心进修医师的身心健康,夯实进修医师的基础理论和基本技能,利用各种方法促进进修医师知识更新,训练提高其应急能力,取得良好效果。     

Feasibility Study of a Sensor-Based Autonomous Load Control Exercise Training System for COPD Patients

Decision support systems (DSSs) which are able to automatically supervise and control physical exercise training of patients affected by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are regarded as a novel method to promote rehabilitation. The objective of our research work for this paper was to evaluate the feasibility of a rule-based DSS for autonomous bicycle ergometer training of COPD patients. Load control is based on real-time analysis of sensor parameters oxygen saturation and heart rate. Ten COPD patients have participated in a study, performing altogether 18 training sessions. On average, 7.4 rules were fired in each training session. Four sessions had to be stopped for different reasons. The average ergometer training load ranged between 31 and 47 W. The average percentage of heart rate in or lower than the intended target zone was 45.9 and 41.6 %, respectively. The average patient-perceived Borg value was 12.6?±?2.4. Patients reported a high satisfaction for the automatically controlled training. With the help of the DSS, patients may change their training place from a rehabilitation center to their own homes. More studies are needed to assess long-term clinical and motivational effects of the DSS in home environment.     

关于提高全科医生转岗培训中急症处理能力的探讨

学习急症处理是全科医生转岗培训中急诊教学的重要一环,当前存在急症处理教学内容繁多而课时有限,传统教学方式不能满足学员按需学习且急救技能操作过少等较多弊端,导致教学效果不佳。在全科医师转岗培训的急症处理教学中,通过精心设计教学内容、强化急症处理的临床思维、多样化的培训形式、加强急救技能训练、突显能力考核等,培养全科医师转岗学员的急症处理能力。     

The rising tide of medical graduates: how will postgraduate training be affected?

Domestic medical graduate numbers will almost double between 2005 and 2012, necessitating substantial increases in supervision at prevocational and vocational levels. New approaches to resourcing and governance of training are needed to expand the capacity of the health system to deliver quality training; new settings will also be required to expand training capacity, while ensuring that trainees are exposed to a broad range of clinical experiences. With increasing demand for training placements, entry to specialty training is likely to become highly competitive; new vocational training positions must be created to ensure that bottlenecks in training do not occur and that training is not unnecessarily prolonged. Substantial increases in government funding will be required to employ the new prevocational workforce. The recent Modernising Medical Careers Inquiry in the United Kingdom offers important lessons for the workforce changes facing Australia, such as a "ring-fenced" budget that quarantines funding for medical education and training. Planning for the increasing cohorts must cover the training spectrum - from medical student to specialist. Students and trainees must be prospectively informed about how workforce changes will affect their career advancement.     

Research in higher surgical training: which rotation?

Background

Orthopaedic higher surgical trainees in Ireland are allocated to one of eight training rotations. Each trainee is expected to publish at least one research paper per year during training.

Aim

To assess the research productivity of each training rotation over a 10-year period.

Methods

A PubMed search was performed for each orthopaedic unit affiliated to higher surgical training (HST) in order to identify full-text research papers published between 2001 and 2010. The results were analysed to determine which training rotations are most productive in terms of research.

Results

We identified 267 papers published from 16 units over the 10-year period. There were substantial differences in the number of papers published from each unit, and substantial differences between the eight set trainee rotations.

Conclusions

It is essential that each trainee makes an honest assessment of their potential for conducting and producing valuable and relevant research, and chooses an HST rotation that is appropriate to their needs. Publication of research articles is easier to achieve on some HST rotations than on others.     

风湿免疫科住院医师规范化培训的实践与探索

风湿免疫科是住院医师规范化培训的必选轮转科室,但在实际培训工作中经常存在许多问题,如住院医师在风湿免疫科培训中主观重视不足、与患者沟通不畅、理论知识薄弱、临床工作中差错率高以及临床技能和思维能力训练难度大等,导致风湿免疫科住院医师规范化培训质量不高、流于形式。针对上述问题,特制订一套具体的培训方案,从理论知识、实践规范化和综合素质三方面展开针对性培训,使风湿科免疫住院医师规范化培训质量和效率大大提高。     

长沙市社区卫生服务技术人员的培训现状与需求研究

目的了解长沙市社区卫生服务技术人员的培训现状和需求情况,为下阶段培训方案的制定提供参考。方法随机抽取长沙市17个社区卫生服务中心的316名技术人员,采用自填式问卷调查该人群接受培训的情况及对培训的需求。结果 48.1%的技术人员曾接受过社区卫生培训;不同培训类型的人员在培训模式、教学方式及对教学效果的评价间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。57.6%的技术人员对接受社区卫生培训有较高意愿;不同岗位类型人员的培训意愿、培训时间需求间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);既往是否培训和所在工作岗位是影响培训需求的因素(P<0.05)。结论社区卫生服务技术人员有较高的培训需求,培训工作有待调整和加强,应根据需求情况有针对性地制定培训方案。