104例腕管综合征患者的临床表现与神经电生理相关分析

目的探讨腕管综合征（CTS）的临床表现与电生理的相关性，以期获得对腕管综合征较全面的认识。方法对104例腕管综合征患者的临床表现及神经电生理检测进行回顾性分析。结果76．0%的患者为女性，以中老年居多，优势手受累为主。典型表现为腕以下正中神经分布区域疼痛与感觉异常，症状常在夜间或清晨及劳累后加重，甩手活动后减轻。神经电生理检测：104例148只手正中神经复合肌肉动作电位末端运动潜伏期和波幅、肘至腕的运动传导速度、腕部至中指的感觉传导速度及感觉神经动作电位波幅等5项指标检测异常率分别为83．1％、20．3％、6．1％、92．6％及53．4％。结论CTS的诊断除病史、神经系统体检外，电生理检测正中神经感觉传导速度测定是诊断CTS的敏感指标。     

134例腕管综合征的回顾性分析

目的探讨腕管综合征的发生原因、临床特点、电生理检查、治疗效果,提高对本病的认识,预防本病的发生.方法回顾性分析134例腕管综合征患者的发病原因、临床表现、电生理检查结果及疗效.结果本组134例患者均具有手部疼痛表现,其中29例具有典型正中神经分布区域感觉障碍,36例出现大鱼际肌的不同程度肌肉萎缩,其中90例患者存在肯定或可能的诱因.134例患者肌电图提示正中神经在腕管处传导速度减慢或阻滞,经外科手术或保守治疗可以有不同程度缓解.结论多种因素可导致腕管综合征,手部正中神经分布区的感觉异常,夜间加重的临床表现结合肌电图提示正中神经神经性受损（腕部）可以确诊,预后良好,早期诊断及有效预防是必要的.     

60例腕管综合征患者的神经电生理检测与临床分析

目的 探讨腕管综合征(CTS)患者的神经电生理特征.方法 对临床症状、体征符合CTS的60例患者进行正中神经、尺神经的运动和感觉传导速度测定,及拇短展肌、小指展肌的肌电图检测.结果 60例患者中,双侧病变18例,单侧病变42例.60例CTS患者中78条正中神经感觉传导潜伏期均延长和感觉传导速度均减慢,60条正中神经感觉诱发波幅降低,74条正中神经运动远端潜伏期延长,4条正中神经运动远端潜伏期和诱发波幅正常.58块正中神经支配的拇短展肌呈神经源性损害.结论 神经电生理检查在CTS的诊断与鉴别诊断中有重要意义.     

30例腕管综合征患者的神经电生理分析

目的 观察神经电生理检测对腕管综合征(CTS)的诊断价值.方法 对30例腕管综合征患者进行神经传导速度(NCV)和肌电图检测和分析.结果 30例CTS患者共有50条患病神经,其中7条正中神经诱发波形消失,43条正中神经潜伏期延长,波幅降低或(和)感觉神经传导速度减慢.30例患者的36条正中神经运动末梢潜伏期延长或(和)动作电位波幅降低.19块正中神经支配肌有去神经电位.结论 神经电生理检查对腕管综合征的诊断与鉴别诊断有重要意义.     

腕管综合征的神经电生理特征

目的:探讨腕管综合征(CTS)患者的神经电生理特征。方法:对临床症状、体征符合CTS的患者22例(31侧)行正中神经,尺神经.桡神经运动和感觉传导速度测定,以及拇短展肌,小指展肌,伸指总肌肌电图检测。结果:在31条患病正中神经中9条感觉传导未引出反应波、22条正中神经感觉潜伏期延长、波幅降低、或(和)感觉传导速度减慢;23条正中神经运动传导远端潜伏期延长、波幅降低;18块正中神经支配肌拇短展肌呈神经源改变。结论:神经电生理检测中以正中神经感觉潜伏期异常阳性率最高(100%);其次是正中神经运动传导远端潜伏期延长(74%)和拇短展肌神经源性改变(58%)。     

59例腕管综合征患者的神经传导检测分析

目的 探讨腕管综合征(CTS)患者的神经传导表现,以明确其对CTS的诊断价值.方法 选取2017年12月至2020年3月安徽省立医院收治的59例CTS患者,其临床症状、体征均符合诊断标准.对CTS患者组和21例正常对照组的双侧正中神经、尺神经的运动传导速度和感觉传导功能进行检测,并探讨CTS患者的神经传导检测结果和临床...     

45例正中神经腕管卡压神经电生理检测与临床分析

目的探讨正中神经腕管卡压(CTS)神经电生理检测价值。方法对临床的症状及体征符合CTS的45例患者行正中神经运动神经的传导速度与尺神经运动神经的传导速度检测;桡神经与正中神经拇指-腕感觉潜伏期时差值;正中神经与尺神经无名指-腕感觉潜伏期时差值;双侧正中神经F波的检测;拇短展肌、小指展肌的肌电图检测。结果 45例患者中63只异常,双侧病变18例,单侧病变27例,正中神经运动末端潜伏期延长或(及)传导速度减慢异常率31.5%,波幅减低异常率28.3%;正中神经拇指-腕感觉神经潜伏期延长异常率71.5%;合并波幅减低者异常率占79.3%;正中神经环指-腕感觉神经传导潜伏期延长异常率81.6%,合并波幅减低异常率89.4%;正中神经F波异常率33.6%;拇短展肌呈神经源性改变异常率20.1%。结论神经电生理的常规检测联合运用感觉神经潜伏期时差值法对CTS有更敏感、更精确的诊断价值。     

腕管综合征的临床表现与神经电生理改变

腕管综合征(CTS)是正中神经于腕管内受压而引起神经功能障碍,是常见嵌压性周围神经病,早期治疗预后良好.现将我院2006年3月～2007年6月收治的78例CTS患者的临床及电生理资料回顾性分析如下.     

诊断腕管综合征的6种神经电图检测方法的比较说明

腕管综合征(CTS)是由于多种原因造成腕管内压力增高导致正中神经在穿越腕管时受到挤压所引发的一种嵌压综合征,也是临床上最常见的单神经嵌压性疾病。神经电图检测对CTS具有明确的诊断价值,其神经电生理的特征性改变表现为选择性腕远侧段正中神经的局部传导阻滞,神经电图检测对     

正中神经减压术治疗不同病因所致腕管综合征的对比研究

目的探讨不同病因所致腕管综合征(CTS)的显微减压手术疗效。方法回顾性分析中日友好医院神经外科自2018年1月至2018年12月收治的54例CTS患者的临床资料, 其中特发性CTS组患者20例(20侧)、糖尿病相关CTS组患者16例(26侧)、透析相关CTS组患者18例(22侧)。所有患者均行正中神经显微减压术。分别于手术前及手术后2周时采用波士顿腕管问卷调查表(BCTQ)对3组患者症状及功能进行评分, 同时检测3组患者正中神经传导速度。结果术中可见3组患者均存在神经卡压, 但糖尿病相关CTS组患者相对特发性CTS组与透析相关CTS组患者神经病变范围更广泛。与术前比较, 3组患者术后BCTQ症状及功能评分均明显降低, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但3组患者术后BCTQ症状及功能评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与术前比较, 3组患者术后正中神经感觉传导速度及运动传导速度均明显增快, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间比较方面, 3组患者术后正中神经感觉传导速度及运动传导速度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05), 其中糖尿病相关CTS组患者感觉传...     

Interfascicular suture with nerve autografts for median, ulnar and radial nerve lesions

Interfascicular nerve suture with autografts is the operation of choice for repairing peripheral nerve injuries because it ensures more precise alignment of the fasciculi and so better chances of reinnervation of the sectioned nerve. The procedure as described by Millesi et al has been used at the Istituto Neurologico di Milano in 30 patients with traumatic lesions of the median, ulnar and radial nerves. All have been followed up for 2 to 7 years since operation. The results obtained are compared with those of other series obtained with interfascicular suture and with epineural suture. Microsurgery is essential. The best time to operate is discussed.

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Sommario La sutura nervosa interfascicolare con innesti autoplastici è la tecnica di elezione per ripara le lesioni traumatiche dei nervi periferici, dato che essa garantisce un più preciso allineamento dei fascicoli e quindi una maggiore possibilità di reinnervazione del moncone periferico. Questa tecnica, come è stata descritta da Millesi, è stata adottata all'Istituto Neurologico di Milano in 30 pazienti, affetti da lesioni traumatiche dei nervi mediano, ulnare e radiale. Tutti i pazienti sono stati controllati a distanza di tempo variabile da due a sette anni dall'intervento. I risultati ottenuti sono paragonati a quelli di altre casistiche, ottenuti sia con la tecnica della sutura interfascicolare che con la sutura epineurale; viene anche discussa la tecnica microchirurgica e il momento ottimale per l'intervento.

     

可逆性周围神经损伤特点分析(附7例报道)

目的:总结7例可逆性周围神经损伤的特点。方法:分析7例患者周围神经损伤的原因、临床表现和治疗结果。结果:7例患者中,桡神经损伤3例,原因分别为拄拐杖压迫、酒后头压迫、打网球。2例尺神经损伤,原因分别为弹钢琴、打字。尺神经合并正中神经损伤1例,原因为牵拉上肢引起。坐骨神经损伤1例,为坐硬物引起。结论:周围神经受到不严重的压迫、牵拉、疲劳损伤,不会轻易发生神经结构永久性破坏,往往在半年之内能够恢复。     

Trigeminal motor nerve conduction: Deep temporal and mylohyoid nerves

This article describes nerve conduction studies of the deep temporal nerve (DTN) and the mylohyoid nerve (MHN) motor branches of the trigeminal nerve. These nerves were stimulated intraorally with a pediatric surface stimulator. Compound muscle action potentials were recorded over the temporalis and mylohyoid muscles with surface electrodes. Forty-two subjects were studied. In all subjects the MHN response was elicited bilaterally, giving an upper latency limit of 2.3 ms. The mean MHN amplitude was 4.9 mV (SD = 1.8 mV, minimum = 1.3 mV). The maximal side-to-side latency difference was 0.4 ms, and the maximal side-to-side amplitude difference was 2.2 mV. The DTN response was only elicited bilaterally in 25 (60%) subjects. The average DTN latency was 2.1 ms (SD = 0.3, maximum = 2.7 ms). The average DTN amplitude was 4.3 mV (SD = 2.0, minimum = 0.3 mV). The MHN responses were the least technically demanding, and were more consistently elicited than the DTN responses. These nerve conduction techniques should prove useful in patients with trigeminal nerve disorders. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Wallerian degeneration in human nerves: serial electrophysiological studies.

After nerve transection, the distal stump undergoes Wallerian degeneration (WD). Little information is available concerning sequential changes in nerve conduction measurements during WD in humans. Five patients with nerve injuries were studied temporally. Motor-evoked amplitudes were reduced by 50% at 3 to 5 days after injury; the response was absent by day 9. Sensory-evoked amplitudes were reduced by 50% at 7 days after injury; the response was absent by day 11. Sensory and motor nerves with shorter distal stumps showed earlier loss of amplitude than did those with longer distal stumps. Denervation potentials were seen 10 to 14 days after injury. Our results suggest that WD occurs earlier if the distal stump is shorter, and that motor-evoked responses are affected earlier than sensory-evoked responses. The time-lag between the loss of the motor-evoked response and the appearance of denervation potentials, the latter coinciding with reduction of sensory evoked responses, suggests that failure of neuromuscular transmission precedes axonal loss during WD.     

肋间神经重复电刺激在激素冲击治疗重症肌无力中的应用

目的探讨肋间神经重复电刺激(IRNS)和膈神经重复电刺激(PRNS)对激素冲击治疗时重症肌无力(MG)患者呼吸受累的预测价值.方法治疗开始前3天内检测36例MG患者PRNS和IRNS,同时观察用力肺活量(FVC)、MG临床评分、治疗中临床呼吸症状变化.结果大剂量激素治疗后2～13天14例(40%)患者出现呼吸功能受累或原有呼吸困难加重,呼吸功能恶化患者与未恶化患者相比,上述参数及MG临床类型均有明显差异.Lo-gistic回归分析显示3Hz及5Hz的IRNS双侧波幅衰减均值超过30%时比不超过时发生呼吸困难或原有呼吸困难加重的相对危险度均为19.523.结论治疗中呼吸功能受累与上述指标及MG临床分型均有关系,IRNS可以预测是否发生呼吸功能恶化.     

Selective deep peroneal nerve injury associated with arthroscopic knee surgery

We report 3 cases of isolated deep peroneal nerve injury as a complication of arthroscopic knee surgery. At the level of the knee joint, the deep and superficial peroneal nerves are usually joined as the common peroneal nerve. However, because of the fascicular structure, a partial nerve injury can result in an isolated injury to the deep peroneal nerve fibers. Due to the intraneural topography of the peroneal nerve, electrodiagnostic studies in a partial nerve injury may erroneously indicate a more distal lesion. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

The development of a normalization method for comparing nerve regeneration effectiveness among different graft types

The inability to compare directly different nerve grafts has been a significant factor hindering the advance of nerve graft development. Due to the abundance of variables that exist in nerve graft construction and multiple assessment types, there has been limited success in comparing nerve graft effectiveness among experiments. Using mathematical techniques on nerve conduction velocity (NCV) autograft data, a normalization function was empirically derived that normalizes differences in gap lengths. Further analysis allowed for the development of the relative regeneration ratio (RRR). The RRR function allows researchers to directly compare nerve graft results based on the NCV data from their respective studies as long as the data was collected at the same post‐operation time. This function also allows for comparisons between grafts tested at different gap lengths. Initial testing of this RRR function provided confidence that the function is accurate for a continuum of gap lengths and different nerve graft types.     

Simultaneous gradual lengthening of both proximal and distal nerve stumps for repair of peripheral nerve defect in rats

We investigated nerve regeneration following the repair of a segmental nerve defect induced by direct end-to-end neurorrhaphy after simultaneous gradual lengthening of both proximal and distal nerve stumps in rats. A 15-mm-long nerve segment was resected from the sciatic nerve of each rat. The proximal and distal nerve stumps, respectively, were directly lengthened at a rate of 1 mm/day using a custom-made external nerve-lengthening device. After being lengthened for 14 days, both nerve stumps were refreshed, and direct end-to-end neurorrhaphy was performed. For a control, 15-mm nerve grafting was performed immediately after nerve resection. Nerve regeneration was evaluated by motor nerve conduction velocity, muscle contraction force, and histological studies at 6, 8, and 14 weeks after initial nerve resection in both groups. As a result, at 8 and 14 weeks, the motor nerve conduction velocity was significantly higher in the nerve-lengthening group than in the autografting group. In addition, at 14 weeks, the tetanic force and wet weight of the gastrocnemius muscle were significantly higher in the nerve-lengthening group than in the autografting group. Histologically, the mean axonal diameter of myelinated nerve fibers and the total number of myelinated nerve fibers were also significantly higher in the nerve-lengthening group than in the autografting group for each evaluation period. It appears that the simultaneous gradual lengthening of both proximal and distal nerve stumps might have potential application in the repair of peripheral nerve defects.     

臂丛神经损伤后神经功能的重建：标准技术vs.新技术

臂丛神经受损可导致手臂、手失神经支配和难以忍受的神经性疼痛。最常用的臂丛神经损伤修复技术是自体感觉神经移植修复神经缺损,该技术对于神经功能的恢复的神经性疼痛的减轻作用并不可靠。我们评估了目前最好的臂丛神经修复技术和用填充了自体富血小板纤维蛋白的胶原管修复臂丛神经缺损,其能更好的促进神经功能恢复,减轻或使神经性疼痛消失;这些修复效果是传统神经移植无法达到的。