荧光定量PCR与RT-PCR技术检测HCV-RNA的比较观察

目的 比较荧光定量ＰＣＲ与ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ（定性）检测不同检材中的ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ,评价荧光定量ＰＣＲ技术测定ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ水平的价值。方法 采用荧光定量ＰＣＲ及ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ（定性）技术同时检测了７１例血液透析患者的血清,血浆,淋巴细胞、尿液标本中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ。结果 血清、淋巴细胞,尿液标本中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的荧光定量ＰＣＲ检出率（４６．３８％,８０．００％）,分别高于相应标本中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ的ＲＴ－Ｐ     

特异核酸捕获RT-PCR技术建立及在HCV RNA检测中的应用

目的 解决ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ方法的重复性较差问题,使其成为常规实验室检测方法。方法 采用亲合素生物素系统将ＨＣＶ特异的核酸片段包被在微孔板上,利用特异核酸捕获样本中的ＨＣＶＲＮＡ然后进行逆转录和ＰＣＲ扩增,从而建立了特异核酸捕获ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ方法,并与酶消化法和抽提法进行比较,评价其敏感性、特异性、重复怀及抗污染能力。结果 特异性核酸获ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ获得的电要带较为清晰,其特     

TthDNA聚合酶在丙型肝炎病毒RNA检测中的应用

用ＴｔｈＤＮＡ聚合酶行逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）扩增丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＶＣ）５’端非编码序列，对２６２例肝炎患者血清进行ＨＣＶＲＮＡ测定，结果ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性者５３例，阳性率２０．２％。凡阳性者用酶联免疫吸附法测其抗ＨＣＶＩｇＧ，其中３０例测到抗ＨＣＶ，阳性重叠率５６％（３０／５３）；ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性中的１５例同时用成髓细胞瘤病毒酶行传统逆转录。套式聚合酶链反应检测对照，１４例阳性，符合率达９３．３％（１４／１５）。ＴｔｈＤＮＡ聚合酶用于ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ５’端非编码序列片段具有敏感性高、特异性强、稳定性好的优点。     

干扰素治疗前丙肝患者血清及外周血单个核细胞中HCV—RNA的检测

本文采用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法对２６例干扰素治疗前丙肝患者血清ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ进行检测，并对１４例血清ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阴性的标本进行外周血单个核细胞中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ进行检测，发现２６例血清标本中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性率为２６．９％，而１４例血清ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阴性标本，其ＰＢＭＣ中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ有３例阳性，阳性率为２１．１％。因此，ＰＢＭＣ中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ是丙肝病毒血症的又一个诊断指标，是否可作为干扰素疗效判断的     

巨细胞病毒即刻早期基因mRNA检测方法的建立

目的建立快速简便的逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴＰＣＲ）方法检测人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）即刻早期（ＩＥ）基因ｍＲＮＡ。方法设计合成跨越ＨＣＭＶＩＥ基因内含子区的一对引物，分别用ＲＴＰＣＲ和ＰＣＲ技术扩增ＨＣＭＶｍＲＮＡ和ＤＮＡ，用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交鉴定阳性产物。结果ＨＣＭＶＩＥ基因ｍＲＮＡ表达在感染后６小时即可出现，并持续到感染后至少９６小时，ＲＴＰＣＲ检测的最低敏感性为１００ｆｇ总ＲＮＡ，其他病毒和细胞ＲＮＡ不能被扩增。结论ＲＴＰＣＲ技术检测ＨＣＭＶｍＲＮＡ敏感、特异，有望应用于临床作为ＨＣＭＶ活动性感染的早期诊断方法     

逆转录聚合酶链反应检测血清中丙型肝炎病毒RNA

本文用本所自己合成的引物，对３０份怀疑ＨＣＶ感染血清进行ＨＣＶＲＮＡＲＴ－ＰＣＲ检测。该３０份血清中，２２份抗－ＨＣＶ阳性，其中１８份ＨＣＶＲＮＡ为阳性，８份抗－ＨＣＶ阴性血清及怀疑阳性血清中，２份ＨＶＣＲＮＡ为阳性。结果提示，抗－ＨＣＶ抗体试剂盒用于检测急性ＨＣＶ感染有其不足之处，结合ＰＣＲ检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的方法可提高急性ＨＣＶ感染的检出率。     

TthDNA聚合酶在丙型肝炎病毒RNA检测中的应用

用ＴｔｈＤＮＡ聚合酶行逆转录聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）扩增丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＶＣ）５′端非编码序列，对２６２例肝炎患者血清进行ＨＣＶＲＮＡ测定，结果ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性者５３例，阳性率２０．２％，凡阳性者用酶联免疫吸附法测其抗ＨＣＶＩｇＧ，其中３０例测到抗ＨＣＶ，阳性重叠率５６％（３０／５３）；ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ阳性中的１５例同时用成髓细胞瘤病毒酶行传统逆转录－套式聚合酶链反应检测对照，１４例阳性，符合率     

逆转录－套式PCR检测血清中丙肝病毒RNA

利用与丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）基因组５＇非编码区保守序列同源的套式引物，建立了检测血清中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ的聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术，由于在引物设计中选择了最保守的区域且避开了与黄病毒属的同源序列，保证了ＰＣＲ检测的灵敏度和特异性。经逆转录和两轮ＰＣＲ扩增，可检出１×１０－３ｕｌ血清中的ＨＣＶＲＮＡ。研究了影响ＨＣＶＲＮＡＰＣＲ检测的各种因素，并对ＲＮＡ分离及ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ反应体系进行了优化，在此基础上研制了ＨＣＶ的ＰＣＲ检测试剂盒。     

复合PCR检测乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒

设计了ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ各一对引物，建立了复合ＰＣＲ，并对临床标本进行检测，５例ＨＢｓＡｇ和ＨＣＶ抗体均阳性者，其ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ和ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ均阳性；２０例单ＨＢｓＡｇ阳性标本，１１例单ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性，５例ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ和ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ均阳性；２０份单ＨＣＶ抗体阳性者，ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ均阳性，３例合并ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性；１０例慢性ＮＡＮＢ抗ＨＣＶ阴性肝炎标本８份ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ，１例ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ和     

标本冻融对PCR检测HCV RNA结果的影响

标本冻融对ＰＣＲ检测ＨＣＶＲＮＡ结果的影响满昌军周均启毕金剑（济宁市传染病医院，山东济宁２７２１３１）关键词丙型肝炎病毒检测影响因素血液中ＨＣＶＲＮＡ浓度很低，标本保存或处理不当容易使ＨＣＶＲＮＡ水平降低而导致假阴性结果。我们用ＲＴ－ＲＣＲ检测冻融前...     

HCV RNA RT—PCR测定室间质量评价的研究

目的 建立国内ＨＣＶ ＲＮＡ ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ测定的室间质量评价系统。方法：室间质量评价研究工作采用的质控血清盘由１０支冻干质控血清组成，其中包括２份强阳性、２份弱阳性，２份阴性和一个５倍位比稀释系列（４份），将血清盘寄发给各类评实验室并要求各个实验室按照规定时间检测，回报结果，然后对结果进行统计分析。结果 多数参评实验室存在不同程度的假阳性和假阴性的问题。２份强阳性标本检出率均为８７．５％，弱阳性标     

一种竞争性RT-PCR测定HCV RNA方法的建立及其应用

目的　建立检测丙型肝炎病人血清HCVRNA水平的竞争性逆转录 聚合酶链式反应定量方法。方法　采用含HCV 5 非编码区 ( 5 NCR)缺失突变的重组质粒 5T1d ,将其目的基因亚克隆到体外转录载体pCDNAⅠ多克隆位点上 ,获得转录重组体 5T1d 。将其线性化后用SP6RNA聚合酶体外转录竞争性缺失突变模板RNA ,该模板定量后与血清HCVRNA一起作逆转录 聚合酶链式反应 (RT PCR) ,建立检测血清HCVRNA水平的竞争性定量方法。结果　检测 15例丙肝病人 2 0份血清 ,滴度为 6.6× 10 2 ～ 6.6× 10 6copies/ml。 结论　各类丙型肝炎患者血清病毒滴度均较高 ,经干扰素治疗后病毒水平下降 1～ 5个Log ,年龄小于 2 0岁者干扰素治疗效果较好。     

Overcoming bacterial DNA contamination in real-time PCR and RT-PCR reactions for LacZ detection in cell therapy monitoring

Since the introduction of the polymerase chain reaction the presence of contaminating bacterial DNA in the Taq polymerase preparations has hampered the use of this technique in microbiology. Lately, this inconvenience has equally impeded gene quantification in the field of cell or gene therapy, where bacterial genes such as LacZ are often used as tags to detect vectors or cells after their injection in the recipient organism. Several means to overcome the DNA contamination of Taq Polymerase have been reported with variable degrees of decontamination efficiency and alteration of the PCR reaction. Here we propose two protocols to efficiently quantify DNA or RNA from the LacZ gene by real-time PCR using either decontamination by low concentrations of DNAse I prior to PCR amplification or a highly purified Taq Polymerase which is devoid of detectable contamination.     

多重定量PCR法同步检测HBV、HCV和HIV-1在血液筛查中的优化及应用

目的 初步探讨多重定量聚合酶链反应（PCR）同步检测乙型肝炎病毒（HBV） DNA,丙型肝炎病毒（HCV） RNA及人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）-1 RNA在血液筛查中的应用前景.方法 选择2012年8月至12月,于孝感市中心血站志愿献血的合格献血者血样中,经2次酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测HBV表面抗原（HBsAg）、抗HCV及抗HIV-1,检测结果均呈阴性的4 800份血样为研究对象.采用全自动核酸混合提取仪对该4 800份血样进行核酸提取,然后利用多重定量PCR方法对血样中HBV、HCV及HIV-1进行同步扩增检测.采用中国药品和生物制品检定所提供的HBV DNA、HCV RNA及HIV-1 RNA标准参考品,检测多重定量PCR的灵敏度,并与单重定量PCR的灵敏度进行比较.在HBV、HCV及HIV-1 3者中任意1种病毒基因组浓度较高的条件下,对多重定量PCR检测另2种低浓度病毒基因组的能力进行评估.结果 增加多重定量PCR中c-MMLV逆转录酶和Hot Taq酶的用量,并适量加入单链结合蛋白（SSB）,可使其扩增效率提升至单重定量PCR扩增水平.本组4 800份血样中,经多重定量PCR检测出3份HBV DNA阳性样品,ELISA漏检率为0.062 5％,未发现HCV RNA和HIV-1 RNA阳性样品;多重定量PCR检测HBV DNA、HCV RNA及HIV-1 RNA在95％置信区间的灵敏度浓度分别为115 IU/mL、376 IU /mL和232 IU /mL;单重定量PCR检测HBV DNA、HCV RNA和HIV-1 RNA在95％置信区间的灵敏度浓度分别为51 IU /mL、94 IU /mL和78 IU/mL.结论 本研究初步建立了对献血者血液同时进行HBV DNA、HCV RNA及HIV-1 RNA检测的多重定量PCR检测方法;该检测体系经过进一步优化后,有望应用于临床大规模血液病毒筛查.     

High-fidelity DNA polymerase enhances the sensitivity of a peptide nucleic acid clamp PCR assay for K-ras mutations

Sensitive detection of tumor-specific point mutations is of interest in both the early detection of cancer and the monitoring of treatment at a molecular level. Recently, peptide nucleic acid (PNA) clamp real-time PCR has provided a time-sparing and sensitive method for the detection of mutations in the presence of a large excess of wild-type DNA. We present the first report that the sensitivity of PNA clamp PCR is limited by the low fidelity of TaqDNA polymerase. Replication errors introduced by Taq polymerase in the PNA-binding site were amplified during PCR due to the resulting mismatches between PNA and DNA. To reduce the frequency of polymerase-induced errors, we developed a PNA clamp PCR assay for the detection of mutations in codons 12 and 13 of the K-ras gene based on a high-fidelity DNA polymerase. The sensitivity of our assay increased approximately 10-fold, significantly detecting mutant DNA diluted 20,000-fold in wild-type DNA (P = 0.025), compared with its detection at 2000-fold dilution (P = 0.039) when Taq polymerase was used. Our data suggest that the replication errors caused by Taq polymerase must be taken into consideration for PNA clamp PCR and for other methods based on selective PCR amplification, and that these assays can be enhanced by high-fidelity DNA polymerases.     

Inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA polymerase by DNA aptamers: mechanism of inhibition of in vitro RNA synthesis and effect on HCV-infected cells

We describe here the further characterization of two DNA aptamers that specifically bind to hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA polymerase (NS5B) and inhibit its polymerase activity in vitro. Although they were obtained from the same selection procedure and contain an 11-nucleotide consensus sequence, our results indicate that aptamers 27v and 127v use different mechanisms to inhibit HCV polymerase. While aptamer 27v was able to compete with the RNA template for binding to the enzyme and blocked both the initiation and the elongation of RNA synthesis, aptamer 127v competed poorly and exclusively inhibited initiation and postinitiation events. These results illustrate the power of the selective evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment in vitro selection procedure approach to select specific short DNA aptamers able to inhibit HCV NS5B by different mechanisms. We also determined that, in addition to an in vitro inhibitory effect on RNA synthesis, aptamer 27v was able to interfere with the multiplication of HCV JFH1 in Huh7 cells. The efficient cellular entry of these short DNAs and the inhibitory effect observed on human cells infected with HCV indicate that aptamers are useful tools for the study of HCV RNA synthesis, and their use should become a very attractive and alternative approach to therapy for HCV infection.