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我国海洋药物的研究现状及应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简要介绍我国海洋药物的研究现状及其在抗菌、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗心血管疾病等诸多领域的研究、开发和应用情况,指出目前开发创新海洋药物的瓶颈是海洋先导化合物的发现.我国现代海洋药物的研究发展已取得了一定成就,有望在21世纪更加蓬勃发展. 相似文献
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目的介绍近年来一些抗肿瘤天然药物的研究概况。方法综合最新国内外文献报道,总结抗肿瘤天然药物的研究近况。结果一些抗肿瘤天然药物及其衍生物的研究取得很大进展。结论从天然活性产物中寻找开发抗肿瘤新药具有重要意义。 相似文献
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目前发现许多天然药物具有抗肿瘤作用. 随着细胞生物学、分子药理学和肿瘤药理学研究的发展,针对细胞和分子靶点的天然药物已成为当今抗肿瘤药物研究的重要方向. 在研究过程中,建立合理的抗肿瘤药物筛选方法显得尤为重要. 详细介绍近年来天然抗肿瘤药物的筛选方法,为抗肿瘤药物的研究与开发提供参考. 相似文献
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天然产物是发现抗肿瘤药物的重要途径,建立天然抗肿瘤活性成分快速有效的筛选方法对研究抗肿瘤药物具有重要意义。本文从DNA拓扑异构酶、端粒酶、微管蛋白、肿瘤新生血管生成抑制和DNA G-四链体等方面综述了近年来天然抗肿瘤活性成分的筛选方法,为抗肿瘤药物的研究与开发提供参考。 相似文献
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<正> 在医药研发突飞猛进的今天,如果谁拥有了自主知识产权,谁就掌握了医药经济的命脉。在抗肿瘤药领域更是如此。新中国成立以来,我国的抗肿瘤药物研究取得了丰硕的成果,研发了一个个属于中国自己的抗肿瘤药物。尽管与发达国家有一定的差距,但在国际抗肿瘤药物研究的舞台上,中国占有了一席之地。韩锐教授不仅是新中国抗肿瘤药物研究的见证人,更是一位抗肿瘤药物研究的奠基者。韩锐教授为我国抗癌新药 N-甲酰溶肉瘤素、甘磷酰芥、三尖杉酯碱、维胺酯、维胺酸及光卟啉等的药理研究做出了重要贡献。在中国医学科学院药物研究所,韩锐教授热情地接受了记者的采访。他参加了我国早期抗肿瘤药物的研制韩教授说,解放前,我国的制药工业十分落后,临床所需的大部分药物均需进口。新中国成立后,为了 相似文献
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天然产物是发现抗肿瘤药物的重要途径,建立天然抗肿瘤活性成分快速有效的筛选方法对研究抗肿瘤药物具有重要意义.本文从DNA拓扑异构酶、端粒酶、微管蛋白、肿瘤新生血管生成抑制和DNA G-四链体等方面综述了近年来天然抗肿瘤活性成分的筛选方法,为抗肿瘤药物的研究与开发提供参考. 相似文献
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抗肿瘤反义寡核苷酸药物研究现状和趋势 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以基因为靶的反义药物是抗肿瘤新药研究和开发的重要方向之一,已有近10种不同抗肿瘤反义寡核苷酸药物正在进行Ⅱ或Ⅲ期临床试验。基于肿瘤相关基因的多样性和复杂性,抗肿瘤反义药物的发展趋势是研究和开发靶向特定基因治疗特定类型肿瘤的“窄谱”抗肿瘤反义药物,以及由靶向多个肿瘤相关基因的反义寡核苷酸组成的“复方”式“广谱”抗肿瘤反义药物。 相似文献
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我院1996~1997年抗肿瘤药用药分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文分析了我院1996年和1997年抗肿瘤药在我院所占药品消耗金额比重。结果表明,1996年和1997年抗肿瘤药金额分别占药品总金额的8.80%和10.81%。其中抗肿瘤植物药分别占抗肿瘤药总金额的14.70%和19.44%。而抗肿瘤辅助药分别占抗肿瘤药总金额的66.43%和61.55%。这两年抗肿瘤药金额的近1/3用在少数新、特、进口药上,这是值得注意的问题。另外,基本药物目录中的抗肿瘤药品占有较高比例。 相似文献
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Since the introduction of antineoplastic agents in the 1940s, there have been reports of the effects of these agents on workers who have had prolonged contact with them. The Regional Oncology Drug Information Center (RODIC) at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center receives numerous inquiries nationwide regarding our policies and procedures for handling antineoplastic agents. In August 1987, RODIC conducted a computerized literature search on the handling of antineoplastic agents and the risks to hospital employees, coming in contact with these agents. We used the MEDLINE system from 1966 to the present, limiting the search to English-language articles. This article provides a comprehensive bibliography on the handling of antineoplastic agents. 相似文献
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The development of a program for pharmacist prescribing of antiemetic agents for nausea and vomiting induced by antineoplastic agents given to ambulatory patients is described. The oncologist and the pharmacists developed a protocol and submitted it to the Washington State Board of Pharmacy, which can authorize a pharmacist to initiate or modify drug therapy in accordance with written guidelines or protocols. The protocol was approved and the pharmacists developed algorithms for antiemetic therapy, based on the emetic potential of the various antineoplastic agents. The oncologist writes an order for the pharmacist to prescribe antiemetic therapy for an individual patient, and the pharmacists selects an algorithm for each patient based on the antineoplastic agent that has the highest potential for causing emesis. The pharmacist writes orders for antiemetic agents to be administered in the clinic and at home, phones the patient 24 hours after antineoplastic drug therapy, and, if necessary, modifies the antiemetic therapy. Pharmacists have managed antiemetic therapy for more than 1200 patient visits and were able to use the first-line therapy in the selected algorithm in 78% of the cases without serious adverse effects. Pharmacist management of antiemetic therapy for nausea and vomiting associated with antineoplastic drug treatment has been well accepted by patients and professionals in this oncology clinic. 相似文献
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Chemical carcinogenicity and the antineoplastic agents 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The subject of chemical carcinogenicity is reviewed with discussions of the involved environmental factors, proposed mechanisms of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, dose-response considerations, secondary tumor development, and an emphasis on the potential carcinogenicity of antineoplastic agents. Although the causes of various cancers are complex, 70-90% of human cancers are thought to be caused by environmental factors. The factors that have been strongly implicated are excessive cigarette use, heavy alcohol consumption, and disordered dietary practices. Of the minor possible causes of cancer, the administration of prescribed pharmaceutical agents such as the antineoplastic drugs accounts for a suspected 1% of total cancer deaths in the United States. Chemical carcinogenesis involves a multistep process of initiation, promotion, and progression. The development of cancer in man usually takes several years and may be associated with specific tissue susceptibility. Although antineoplastic agents have been recognized for their potential ability to cause cancer, it is difficult to assess from the literature their actual carcinogenic effects in man. Important determinants that modify the ability of the host to deal with carcinogenic substances and the subsequent effects have not been fully evaluated. The control of chemical carcinogenesis must involve reduction of exposure to potential hazards wherever possible. To reduce the risks involved in handling antineoplastic agents, health-care professionals should follow a method of systematic avoidance by adhering to appropriate procedures. 相似文献
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我院抗肿瘤药的应用及趋势分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的:了解我院抗肿瘤药的应用情况、合理用药水平及用药趋势。方法:采用金额排序和频度分析的方法对2004年8月~2006年7月抗肿瘤药物的应用情况进行统计分析。结果:我院2004年8月~2006年7月应用抗肿瘤药6大类65个品种规格的用药频度、用药金额均呈上升趋势。结论:我院抗肿瘤用药需进一步合理化。进口药疗效高,耐受性好,虽然价格高,但仍有部分患者选择使用。 相似文献
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目的:评价我院2009--2011年抗肿瘤药的应用情况及趋势。方法:采用销售金额排序、用药频度(DDDs)排序等方法,对我院2009--2011年抗肿瘤药的应用情况进行回顾性统计、分析。结果:我院抗肿瘤药销售金额呈逐年上升趋势。其中,中成药类抗肿瘤药销售金额连续3年列第1位。在临床一线抗肿瘤药中,多西他赛、紫杉醇销售金额连续3年列前3位。DDDs排序靠前的主要是中成药类、激素类抗肿瘤药。结论:中成药类抗肿瘤药的销售金额与DDDs排均位居前列。我院抗肿瘤药应用现状基本符合当前我国肿瘤治疗的趋势。 相似文献
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上海市2007-2009年抗肿瘤药物用药分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:分析上海市2007-2009年抗肿瘤药的用药情况。方法:收集上海市105家抽样医院的用药数据,计算抗肿瘤药的总用药金额,对用药金额领先的药物的用药金额、用药量等进行统计,并对用药趋势进行分析。结果:上海市2007-2009年的抗肿瘤药市场居主导地位的是新型抗肿瘤药,用药金额最大的是奥沙利铂和多西他赛,用量最大的是卡培他滨、紫杉醇和表柔比星。社区卫生中心用量大的品种和中心医院差别较大。结论:上海市对抗肿瘤药的需求逐年增加,是一个具有巨大潜力的抗肿瘤药市场。 相似文献
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目的:分析我院抗肿瘤药应用的现状和发展趋势。方法:采用限定日剂量(DDD)法、销售金额排序法和用药频度(DDDs)分析法进行统计、分析。结果:抗肿瘤药销售金额逐年增长,2007—2009年抗肿瘤药销售总金额分别为1 892.12、2 340.27、2 569.31万元,2008、2009年平均年增长率分别为23.68%和35.79%;用药金额排序前3位的是利妥昔单抗注射液、注射用重组白介素-2和注射用硼替佐米。结论:我院抗肿瘤药的临床应用逐渐基本合理,符合国内临床抗肿瘤药用药趋势及治疗原则。 相似文献
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《Drug discovery today》2022,27(1):165-184
The drug development process, especially of antineoplastic agents, has become increasingly costly and ineffective. Drug repurposing and drug combination are alternatives to de novo drug development, being low cost, rapid, and easy to apply. These strategies allow higher efficacy, decreased toxicity, and overcoming of drug resistance. The combination of antineoplastic agents is already being applied in cancer therapy, but the combination of repurposed drugs is still under-explored in pre- and clinical development. In this review, we provide a set of pharmacological concepts focusing on drug repurposing for treating colorectal cancer (CRC) and that are relevant for the application of new drug combinations against this disease. 相似文献
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目的:了解重庆地区抗肿瘤药的应用现状及趋势。方法:对重庆地区2007-2009年20家医院抗肿瘤药的销售金额、用药频度(DDDs)、日均费用(DDC)等进行回顾性分析。结果:抗肿瘤药的销售金额2008年较2007年增长31.8%,2009年较2008年增长37.6%。DDDs除2008年植物类抗肿瘤药略有下降外,其余均呈逐年上升趋势。中成药的DDDs连续3年排第1位,其销售金额2007、2009年均排在第1位,2008年排在第2位。结论:副作用低、价廉的中成药占据了重庆地区抗肿瘤药的较大市场。 相似文献