3种根管糊剂根尖封闭性能的评价

目的　体外评价iRoot SP、AH Plus、Vitapex 3种根管糊剂的根尖封闭能力。方法　 离体单根管恒牙45颗,随机分为3组,每组15颗;通过染色法微渗漏实验比较3种根管糊剂的根尖封闭能力,并通过扫描电镜观察根管壁与糊剂之间的结合特征。结果　 iRoot SP与AH Plus组的微渗漏值较小且两者无统计学差异,Vitapex糊剂组的微渗漏值最大,与其他两组有统计学差异(P<0.05)。扫描电镜下不同根管封闭剂与根管壁和牙胶间均观察到空隙存在。结论　 iRoot SP和AH Plus的根管封闭性能较Vitapex糊剂更佳。     

Obtura Ⅱ注射式热熔牙胶根尖封闭性的实验研究

目的:评价ObturaⅡ与不同根管糊剂联合根管充填的根尖封闭能力.方法:60颗单根管离体牙随机分为4组,采用ObturaⅡ注射式热熔牙胶进行根管充填,实验组分别以ZOE、Vitapex、AH Plus作为根管糊剂,对照组不使用糊剂.采用扫描电镜观察根管封闭性,染料渗透后用体视显微镜观测染料渗透长度.结果:扫描电镜观察发现热熔牙胶凝固后会发生体积收缩,糊剂能够弥补牙胶与根管壁之间的缝隙.染料渗透观察发现使用ZOE、Vitapex、AH Plus糊剂后染色线的长度分别为(2.45±0.41)mm、(1.94±0.58)mm和(1.75±0.84)mm,无统计学差异(P>0.05);对照组为(4.03±1.57)mm,其单纯牙胶充填染料渗入根管的长度最长,与实验组间均有显著性差异(P<0.05).结论:ObtumⅡ充填技术配合使用根管糊剂能显著降低根尖的微渗漏,但AH Plus、Vitapex和ZOE 3种糊剂之间的根尖封闭能力无差别.     

不同根充糊剂根尖封闭性的比较研究

目的　比较不同根充糊剂根管充填后的根尖封闭性。方法　 79颗离体单根牙随机分为阳性对照 (2颗 )、阴性对照 (2颗 )及 5个实验组 (各 15颗 ) ,分别用不同的根充糊剂加牙胶尖以冷侧压法充填根管 ,通过染料渗入法检查根尖微渗漏。结果　所有根充糊剂充填后根尖部位均有微渗漏 ,Vitapex组的微渗漏值低于其他各组 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,而其余各组结果差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　各种根充糊剂充填后都不能完全封闭根尖孔 ,Vitapex的根尖封闭性优于其他各组。     

2种测定根尖微渗漏方法的比较

目的:比较透明牙技术和染料溶解法评价根尖微渗漏的一致性.方法:选取人单根管牙49颗,随机分为A、B、C 3个实验组各15颗牙和2个对照组各2颗牙.根管预备后,实验组分别采用AH Plus(A组)、Cortisomol(B组)、氧化锌丁香油糊剂(C组)3种根管充填糊剂联合牙胶进行根管充填,阳性对照组采用单一牙胶尖进行充填;充填后,阳性对照组和实验组均将根尖孔区(根尖孔周围2mm范围)以外的牙体表面涂布2层指甲油.阴性对照组采用牙胶尖加AH Plus糊剂进行根管充填,充填后整个牙体表面涂布2层指甲油.将所有实验样本染色,分别采用透明牙技术和染料溶解法进行根尖微渗漏评价,采用SPSS12.0软件包对结果进行统计学分析.根据数据情况,分别采用方差分析和秩和检验,分析2种方法的一致性.结果:2种评价根尖微渗漏的方法均显示,A组(AH Plus糊剂)根尖微渗漏较其他2个实验组小(P＜0.05);B组(Cortisomol)、C组(氧化锌丁香油糊剂)根尖微渗漏无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:在染色法基础上,透明牙技术和染料溶解法进行根尖微渗漏的评价结果具有一致性.     

根管糊剂在ObturaⅡ充填技术中对根尖微渗漏的影响

目的:探讨在Obtura Ⅱ注射式热熔牙胶充填中,不同根管糊剂对根尖微渗漏的影响。方法:40颗单根管牙随机分为4组,采用Obtura Ⅱ注射式热熔牙胶进行根管充填,A、B、C组分别以ZOE、Vitapex、AHplus作为根管糊剂,D组未用糊剂。充填后行墨汁渗透实验,制作透明标本,使用体视显微镜和显微照相系统观测染料渗透的长度。结果:染料自根尖孔渗入根管的长度,D组最长,为4.56±2.72mm,与A、B、C组间差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。在使用糊剂的实验组中,染色线的长度由小到大依次是AHplus1.70±0.82mm、Vitapex1.87±0.56mm和ZOE2.02±0.40mm,但3组之间没有统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:根管糊剂的使用能显著降低Obtura Ⅱ根管充填后根尖的微渗漏。     

不同根充材料对于根尖封闭性能的纵剖面研究

目的:评价3种根管充填糊剂的根管封闭能力,分析其影响因素。方法:收集新鲜拔除的完整单根管下颌第一前磨牙60颗,随即分为A、B、C三组,每组20颗牙,分别用氧化锌丁香油糊剂、Vltapex糊剂、AH-Plus糊剂加牙胶尖以侧压法进行根管充填,采用染料渗入法测染料渗入距离,并通过扫描电镜观察根尖1/3、根中1/3、根颈1/3中根管壁与糊剂之间的结合状态。结果:扫描电镜下3类糊剂在根颈1/3与根管壁的粘结最紧密,在根尖1/3与根管壁的粘结最疏松。其中AH-Plus组可见材料呈均质状分布,与管壁粘结最为紧密。在根尖1/3处AH-Plus组(2.11±0.22)μm的微缝隙宽度明显低于氧化锌丁香油糊剂(8.63±0.25)μm和Vitapex糊剂(7.58±5.62)μm(P<0.05)。3种根管充填材料的染料渗透距离中,AH-Plus组的微渗漏值(0.98±0.58)mm明显小于氧化锌丁香油糊剂(2.32±0.55)mm和Vitapex糊剂(2.11±0.67)mm(P<0.05)。结论:AH-Plus糊剂对于根管充填特别是根尖有很好的密合性,能有效防止根尖微渗漏现象的发生。     

三种根管糊剂用于一次性根管治疗术后的评价

目的：对AH Plus,Vitapex及Cortisomol糊剂在一次性根管治疗术后,对疼痛及远期疗效评价。方法：180颗患牙随机分为三组,分别以AH Plus,Vitapex和Cortisomol糊剂配合牙胶尖充填根管,对术后1周、3、6、12个月的疼痛及远期疗效进行评估。结果：术后1周随访,AH Plus、Cortisomol糊剂与Vitapex疼痛发生率有显著性差异,前两者之间无显著性差异;经3、6、12个月复查,在根尖周炎病例的治疗中,Vitapex与AH Plus和Cortisomol糊剂远期愈合率有显著性差异,后两者之间无显著性差异。结论：AH Plus和Cortisomol糊剂对一次性根管治疗术后疼痛的缓解有较好的效果,而Vitapex糊剂在促进根尖周组织的愈合方面,更具有优越性。     

BioPure MTAD对AH Plus根尖封闭性能的影响

目的:评价BioPure MTAD作为根管冲洗液对根管充填糊剂AH Plus根尖封闭性能的影响.方法:选取人单根管牙44颗,随机分为A、B、C、D、E、F等6组,分别选用蒸馏水、1.3%NaClO、5.25%NaClO+17%EDTA、1.3%NaClO+BioPure MTAD和1.3%NaClO+3%EDTA等几组冲洗液进行根管冲洗.预备后进行根管充填,将所有实验样本染色,采用透明牙技术测量根尖微渗漏长度.采用SPSS12.0软件包对结果进行方差分析.结果:C组(1.3%NaClO)、D组(5.25%NaClO+17%EDTA)、E组(1.3%NaClO+BioPure MTAD)、F组(1.3%NaClO+3%EDTA)根尖微渗漏长度分别为(1.81±0.73)am、(0.53±0.49)mm、(0.40±0.44)mm和(0.39±0.55)mm,C组微渗漏长度显著大于其他3个实验组(P＜0.05);而D、E、F组根尖微渗漏情况无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:与临床常用根管冲洗液组合相比,BioPure MTAD冲洗根管对根管充填糊剂AH PluS的根尖封闭性能无明显不良影响.     

氢氧化钙类根管糊剂的微渗漏研究及扫描电镜观察

目的 液体转移法评价氢氧化钙类根管糊剂的根管微渗漏,扫描电镜观察糊剂在根管内的微观特征.方法 22颗人上颌前牙随机分为2组:A组(Vitapex)和B组(国产根管充填剂),逐部后退法根管预备后根管侧压充填.每组8个样本装入液体转移法装置进行微渗漏实验,3个样本用于扫描电镜观察.结果 A组微渗漏值为(9.878±1.688)×10-4μl/cmH2O/min-1;B组微渗漏值为(11.253±3.205)×10-4μl/cmH2O/min-1.两组间无统计学差异.A组牙本质和根充物间存在间隙;B组根充物颗粒之间存在缝隙.结论 两种氢氧化钙类根管糊剂的根管微渗漏无明显差异.     

生物根管封闭剂iRoot SP在根管根尖封闭中的应用评价

目的:分析生物根管封闭剂iRoot SP在扁形根管根尖封闭中的性能,为临床工作提供指导.方法:取48颗根管的近远中径与颊舌径之比小于0.5的单根管离体前磨牙,根管预备后,随机分为A、B、C3组,每组各16颗.分别选用Vitapex (A组)、AH Plus(B组)、iRoot SP(C组)作为根管封闭剂,结合连续波热牙胶垂直充填技术进行根管充填.所有样本经根尖染料渗透实验,采用透明牙技术,比较3组离体牙微渗漏情况,评价iRoot SP在扁形根管根尖封闭中的性能.采用SPSS19.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析.结果:A组染料渗入深度显著大于B、C组,差异具有显著性(P＜0.05);B、C组染料渗入深度相比,无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:iRoot SP和AH Plus在扁形形根管根尖封闭中的性能接近,效果优于Vitapex根管充填糊剂.     

Evaluation of apical sealing of three endodontic sealers

AIM: The apical sealing ability of three different endodontic sealers was evaluated in extracted teeth using dye penetration. METHODOLOGY: The root canals of 99 extracted human maxillary central incisors were prepared sequentially 2 mm beyond the apical foramen with a size 55 Nitiflex file. The teeth were divided into three experimental groups and obturated by lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha and one of the following sealers: group 1, zinc oxide and eugenol sealer (Fill Canal); group 2, glass ionomer sealer (Ketac-Endo) and group 3, epoxy resin sealer (AH Plus). The teeth were covered with nail varnish to within 1 mm of the apical foramen and immersed in 2% methylene blue in a reduced pressure environment for 24 h. After this period, the teeth were washed and cut longitudinally for apical leakage analysis. The values were obtained from the maximum depth of leakage as well as the average between the maximum and minimum values observed for each group. RESULTS: Statistical evaluation of the results showed no significant difference in the leakage between Fill Canal and Ketac-Endo (P > 0.05). Leakage with AH Plus was significantly less (P < 0.01) than with the other sealers. CONCLUSIONS: All three sealers allowed some leakage to occur. Leakage with AH Plus was significantly different than with Fill Canal or Ketac-Endo.     

3种根充糊剂微渗漏的实验研究

目的评价3种根充糊剂的根管封闭性能。方法收集新鲜拔除的人前牙100颗,随机分为A、B、C 3个实验组（每组30颗牙齿）和D、E 2个对照组（每组5颗牙齿）,A、B、C组分别采用Vitapex糊剂、AH- plus糊剂、氧化锌丁香油（ZOE）糊剂加牙胶尖侧压充填根管,D组为阳性对照组,E组为阴性对照组。牙齿用2%甲基兰溶液浸泡,脱矿使牙齿透明,在根管显微镜下测量染料渗入根管的长度。结果A、B、C组染料渗入长度分别为（0.57±0.56）mm、（0.79±0.96）mm、（1.07±1.12）mm,阳性对照组染料渗入根管全长,阴性对照组无染料渗入。A组与B、C组间染料渗入长度有显著性差异（P<0.01）,B组与C组间染料渗入长度无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论Vitapex糊剂根尖封闭性优于AH- plus糊剂与ZOE糊剂。     

Can Radiotherapy Affect the Apical Sealing Ability of Resin-Based Root Canal Sealers?

BackgroundThe authors conducted a study to assess the influence of radiotherapy on the apical sealing ability of one recently introduced resin-based root canal sealer and two sealers that have been in use for several years.MethodsThe authors divided 90 human maxillary anterior teeth into three groups according to the type of root canal sealer used and, using lateral condensation, obturated the roots with gutta-percha. They randomly divided all roots into two main groups according to the presence or absence of radiotherapy. For the groups that received irradiation, a dose of 60 gray was delivered in fractions of 1.8 Gy per day, five days a week for seven weeks. The authors then performed the centrifuging dye penetration test to determine apical leakage for each specimen.ResultsThe authors compared the specimens in the groups that received radiotherapy after endodontic treatment with the specimens in the groups that did not undergo radiotherapy after endodontic treatment. They found that mean apical leakage was slightly higher in the radiotherapy groups, but they did not observe any statistical difference between the groups (P > .05). In the groups that did not undergo radiotherapy, the mean apical leakage for the specimens in the MM-Seal (MicroMega, Besançon, France [not marketed in the United States]), AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany) and AH 26 (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH) groups was 2.52 ± 0.42 millimeters, 2.85 ± 0.52 mm and 3.73 ± 0.41 mm, respectively. In the groups that underwent radiotherapy, the mean apical leakage for the specimens in the MM-Seal, AH Plus and AH 26 groups was 2.72 ± 0.55 mm, 2.96 ± 0.47 mm and 3.93 ± 0.61 mm, respectively.ConclusionThe apical sealing ability of the resin-based root canal sealers decreased slightly when radiotherapy was administered, although there was no statistically significant difference.Clinical ImplicationsClinicians can safely use a resin-based root canal sealer in patients receiving radiotherapy.     

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目的 观察联合应用不同根管充填糊剂治疗慢性根尖周炎的临床疗效.方法 选取2007-2009年山东大学口腔医学院综合科门诊诊治的慢性根尖周炎患者298例(422颗牙),按患者就诊先后顺序随机分为4组.A组(AH Plus糊剂+Vitapex糊剂+牙胶尖)75例患者108颗牙,B组(AH Plus糊剂+牙胶尖)75例患者105颗牙,C组(Vitapex糊剂+牙胶尖)74例患者105颗牙,D组[氧化锌丁香油糊剂(ZOE)糊剂+牙胶尖]74例患者104颗牙.对4组术后7 d、6个月、1年的临床疗效进行比较、分析.结果 298例患者根管充填7 d后复查,A、C组术后反应轻,与B组比较,差异具有统计学差异(P＜0.05);D组术后反应最重,与其他3组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).根管充填6个月、1年后复查的结果没有差异(P＞0.05),A组有效率最高,与其他3组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);D组有效率最低,与其他3组比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 AH Plus糊剂+Vitapex糊剂+牙胶尖治疗慢性根尖周炎,既诱导了根尖周阴影区的骨质增生修复,又能使根尖孔形成完善的封闭,达到治愈根尖周炎、防止继发感染或复发的目的 .     

The apical sealing ability of a new root canal filling material

PURPOSE: To assess the apical sealing property of a new root canal filling material, Epiphany. METHODS: Seventy extracted maxillary and mandibular single-rooted teeth were used. They were randomly divided into three groups and obturated by lateral condensation with gutta-percha and AH 26/AH Plus sealers and Resilon core material and Epiphany sealer. Apical leakage was measured by the fluid-transport method. RESULTS: The differences in leakage among gutta-percha with AH 26, gutta-percha with AH Plus, and Resilon with Epiphany were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The teeth filled with gutta-percha/AH 26 displayed the most apical leakage. There were no differences between the Resilon/Epiphany and gutta-percha/AH Plus groups (P > 0.05).     

An in vitro evaluation of the apical sealing ability of a new resin-based root canal obturation system

The purpose of this study was to assess the apical sealing ability of the new resin-based Epiphany-Resilon root canal filling system, and to compare this with the sealing abilities of different pairings of AH plus, gutta-percha, Epiphany, and Resilon. Seventy extracted human single-rooted teeth were used. All teeth were instrumented using a set of ProTaper rotary instruments. The canal spaces were filled with different combinations of core and sealer using lateral condensation, as follows: group 1, AH Plus + gutta-percha; group 2, AH Plus + Resilon; group 3, Epiphany + Resilon; group 4, Epiphany + gutta-percha. Apical leakage quantity was measured with the computerized fluid filtration meter. Statistical analysis indicated that Epiphany gutta-percha combination had the least amount of microleakage than all the other groups; AH Plus gutta-percha combination proved to have second least amount of microleakage among the groups. AH Plus-Resilon combination demonstrated the greatest amount of microleakage. There were a significant difference between Epiphany gutta-percha and AH Plus-Resilon combinations (p < 0.05). It was found that there were no significant differences between Epiphany-Resilon combination and all the other groups (p > 0.05).     

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目的评价即刻桩腔预备后采用AH-plus、Cortisomol及氧化锌丁香油湖剂3种根管封闭剂的根尖封闭临床价值。方法选取2010年6—9月于周口市第二人民医院口腔科因正畸拔除的健康上颌单根管牙齿60颗,以ProTaper手用镍钛根管锉逐步深入法根管预备后,随机分为3组,每组20颗。分别用AH-plus糊剂、Cortisomol糊剂、氧化锌丁香油糊剂加牙胶尖侧向加压法进行根管充填,根充后即刻桩腔预备,染料渗透法测量根尖微渗漏距离并进行统计学分析。结果氧化锌丁香油组、Cortisomol组和AH-plus组微渗漏长度分别为(1.731±0.162)mm、(1.316±0.115)mm、(1.238±0.156)mm,各组间差异有统计学意义(F=66.1174,P<0.01);氧化锌丁香油组的微渗漏值高于AH-plus组(q=14.924)和Cortisomol组(q=12.56),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);AH-plus组与Cortisomol组差异无统计学意义(q=2.364,P>0.05)。结论即刻桩腔预备后AH-plus和Cortisomol糊剂的根尖封闭能力优于氧化锌丁香油糊剂,AH-plus和Cortisomol糊剂的根尖封闭能力无差异,是较理想的根管封闭剂。     

EVALUATION OF APICAL MICROLEAKAGE OF TEETH SEALED WITH FOUR DIFFERENT ROOT CANAL SEALERS

Objectives:

to compare the apical sealing ability of four root canal sealers. Materials and methods: forty extracted human maxillary canines were instrumented 1 mm short of the anatomical apex and randomly assigned to four groups (n=10), according to the root canal sealer used for obturation: Endofill, AH Plus, EndoREZ and Epiphany. Root canals were obturated with guttapercha points, except for the Epiphany group, in which resin points (Resilon) were used. The teeth were immersed in India ink for seven days and clarified using methyl salicylate. The extent of apical dye penetration was measured with a measuroscope in all aspects of the canal.

Results:

AH Plus (0.02 mm ± 0.07), Epiphany (0.00 mm ± 0.00) and EndoREZ (0.32 mm ± 0.62) did not differ statistically to each other (p>0.01). EndoFill presented the highest dye penetration mean (0.83 mm ± 0.73) and was statistically different from the other sealers (p<0.01).

Conclusions:

the resin-based root canal sealers presented lesser apical microleakage than the zinc oxide and eugenol based sealer. No statistical differences were observed among resin based sealers.