听神经瘤伽玛刀治疗长期随访研究

目的 评估伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤的长期疗效.方法 回顾性分析107例听神经瘤病人的临床资料,其中因开颅手术后肿瘤残留行伽玛刀治疗38例,单纯行伽玛刀治疗63例,伽玛刀治疗后行开颅手术6例,平均周边剂量12.6 Gy (8～16 Gy).结果 随访107例,时间12年.肿瘤有效控制率95％;伽玛刀治疗前保留有效听力者,听力保存率为77％;单纯行伽玛刀治疗者,面神经功能保留率94％.结论 伽玛刀对听神经瘤的治疗安全、有效,具有良好的肿瘤控制率和有效听力保留率,神经功能损伤发生率低.     

听神经瘤的γ—刀治疗（附119例随访报告）

目的 评价伽玛刀（γ－刀）治疗听神经瘤的疗效。方法 用Leksell B型γ-刀治疗听神经瘤119例,并随访1－5年。扫描定位用1．5Tesla磁共振仪,剂量规划系统为γ-plan4.0版。肿瘤体积0．02－20．8cm^3;周边剂量9－17Gy,平均13Gy;中心剂量18－45Gy,平均32Gy;靶点数2－10个,平均4个。结果 肿瘤体积缩小95例（80％）,其中显效16例（13％,指体积缩小超过75％）,无变化14例（12％）,增大10例（8％）。61例（51％）听力有保存,11例（9％）听力有改善;5例半年后出现面瘫,1列持续5周后消失,2例经再次手术后好转,另有2例有永久面瘫;3例病人出现三叉神经痛,2例为一过性,1例服药好转。结论 γ-刀治疗对听神经瘤具有良好的控制生长作用,尤其适合体积＜6．5cm^3及不宜开颅手术的病人,对颅神经的损伤风险低,是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤(附98例分析)

目的 评价伽玛刀治疗听神经的效果。方法 应用OUR旋转式伽玛刀治疗听神经98例。肿瘤直径512～29．7min．平均18.8mm。采用多个放射中心联合照射，周边等剂量曲线为45％-70％，边缘剂量10-13Gy。结果 81例获14。84个月随访，平均39个月。MRI示41例（50．6％）肿瘤缩小，38例（46.9％）无变化，2例（2．5％）增大；25例（30.9％）肿瘤中心失增强。无面瘫和面部麻木，听力保留率59.2％。结论 伽玛刀对听神经瘤有较高的肿瘤控制率，并能保留有用听力，对面神经、三又神经损伤小，是小至中等大小听神经瘤可供选择的治疗方法，及术后残余和复发肿瘤的重要辅助治疗手段。     

颈静脉球瘤的伽玛刀治疗（附9例报告）

目的探讨伽玛刀治疗颈静脉球瘤的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析9例颈静脉球瘤的临床资料。肿瘤体积2．8～38．6cm^3．平均13．8cm^3。均采用Leksell伽玛刀治疗,边缘剂量12～15Gy,中位数15Gy,等剂量曲线40％～55％。结果所有病人均未出现新的脑神经受损症状,临床症状基本消失1例,改善4例,无变化3例,听力症状加重1例。随访时间9～72个月,平均30.3个月。肿瘤体积缩小4例,无明显变化4例,肿瘤继续进展1例。结论伽玛刀治疗能较好地控制肿瘤生长,副作用轻微,可作为较小肿瘤或不适合手术病人的首选治疗方法,同时也是术后肿瘤残留或复发的重要治疗手段。     

伽玛治疗听神经瘤的长期疗效分 析简

目的探讨伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤长期预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析164例接受伽玛刀治疗并随访的听神经瘤病例资料,伽玛刀治疗的平均中心剂量为20．86Gy（10～27．1Gy）,平均周边剂量为10．64Gy（6～18Gy）;平均肿瘤体积为11．54cm3（0．06～100．07cm3）。记录肿瘤KOOS分级,术后病人听力,面神经、三叉神经功能及其他并发症等情况。结果随访5～86个月．平均39.3个月,术后病人无进展生存率为86．6％,听力功能保留率为82．3％。术后新出现面部麻木感3例,面瘫2例,三叉神经痛2例,病侧耳鸣4例,脑积水1例,性格改变1例,头晕22例。单因素分析提示,肿瘤体积和KOOS分级与病人预后有关（P〈0．05）。肿瘤体积大小是伽玛刀术后的独立预后因素（P〈0．05）。术前肿瘤体积和KOOS分级对伽玛刀术后病人听力保留率有显著影响（P〈0．05）。结论伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤是一种安全和有效的方法,术前肿瘤体积〈10cm3和KOOS分级较低提示病人无进展生存时间较长,术后较高听力功能保留率。     

伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤229例疗效分析

[目的]评价伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤的疗效.[方法]采用OUR旋转式伽玛刀治疗229例听神经瘤患者,观察术后病情变化.[结果]本组伽玛刀治疗病例随访6～60个月,其中肿瘤缩小98例,肿瘤体积不变115例,肿瘤增大16例,治疗前存在有用听力病例中38例听力下降;130例患者有用听力得到保留;54例出现患侧面瘫;11例出现三叉神经功能部分受损.[结论]伽玛刀对听神经瘤有较高的肿瘤控制率,并能保留有用听力,对面神经、三又神经损伤小,是小至中等大小听神经瘤可供选择的治疗[方法],及术后残余和复发肿瘤的重要辅助治疗手段.     

听神经瘤的伽玛刀放射外科治疗

目的总结评价伽玛刀放射外科治疗听神经瘤的效果.方法43例患者年龄19～76(平均50.2)岁,男女=1924.单侧病变41例,双侧病变2例.9例术后残留或复发患者.56%的病例术前有有用听力.肿瘤平均容积10.8ml.伽玛刀治疗边缘剂量10～14Gy,平均11.7Gy,中心剂量21～30Gy,平均24.9Gy.随访期18～62(平均36.6)个月.结果43例患者中32例(74%)肿瘤缩小,9例(21%)大小无变化.2例容积增大,1例在随访18个月时接受了再次伽玛刀治疗.5例出现三叉神经功能障碍,3例出现面瘫,32例可评价的病例中,有23例有用听力得到保留.5例患者听力较术前明显改善.结论伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤控制肿瘤生长,取得较高的神经功能保留率,可达到外科手术同样的治疗效果.     

伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤临近神经损伤的随访分析

目的观察伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤后临近神经损伤与修复.方法采用OUR旋转式伽玛刀治疗.10-20mm肿瘤周边剂量平均15Gy,中心剂量32Gy,21-30mm肿瘤周边剂量平均14Gy,中心剂量31Gy,31mm以上肿瘤周边剂量平均12Gy,中心剂量28Gy.治疗43例46个听神经瘤.结果随访6-24个月,肿瘤总控制率91.3%.治疗前听力正常患者,有用听力保留率6个月87%,2年78%.面、三叉神经放射损伤在治疗后半年出现,分别占15.3%和¨.4%,12个月时为7.6%和3.8%,24个月时均为3.8%.3厘米以内肿瘤均为3.8%,且一年恢复正常;3厘米以上肿瘤分别为¨.5%和7.6%,治疗后2年均为3.8%.听力下降的23例治疗后,2cm以内肿瘤听力仍保留在治疗前水平的为100%.结论伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤是安全、有效、简单的方法,特别适用于术后残存或复发、需保留听力及高危病人,小于30mm的肿瘤治疗效果好.伽玛刀治疗具有较高的有用听力保护率和相对低的面、三叉神经损伤率.     

伽玛刀治疗中小听神经瘤的疗效观察

目的　探讨伽玛刀治疗中小听神经瘤的疗效。方法　应用伽玛刀治疗 10 8例中小听神经瘤患者 ,肿瘤边缘剂量平均 14.4Gy。结果　治疗后随访 3～ 5年 ,10 3例 (95 .4% )瘤体得到控制 ,听力障碍明显改善 32例 (2 9.6 % ) ;仅 2例三叉神经、3例面神经障碍和 1例共济失调加重。结论　伽玛刀是治疗中小听神经瘤的另一种有效、安全的方法     

听神经瘤的放射外科治疗：5年临床总结

目的探讨伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤的临床效果.方法应用伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤145例,采用30%～60%等剂量曲线,总边剂量10～15Gy(平均13.8G);中心剂量16～45Gy(平均32.5Gy),治疗后3个月开始随访,随访时间12～60个月,平均随访30个月.结果肿瘤生长控制率93.7%;听力保存率83.8%,面神经及三叉神经迟发性受损率分别为9.6%和7.8%;无死亡及严重并发症发生.结论γ-刀治疗听神经瘤是一种安全、有效的手段.     

92例脑转移瘤伽玛刀治疗后临床分析

目的研究伽玛刀治疗脑转移瘤的疗效和并发症。方法对2010年1月至2013年12月间92例患者进行伽玛刀治疗。采用Leksell C型伽玛刀。肿瘤平均体积7.9cm3（0.5-19.7cm3）。伽玛刀治疗处方剂量为30-44Gy,50%的等剂量线包绕。对92例患者伽玛刀治疗后进行临床随访,随访时间为3-39个月（平均10个月）。结果随访92例中,完全缓解12例（13%）,部分缓解39例（42.4%）,无变化34例（37%）,恶化7例（7.6%）;肿瘤局部控制率为92.4%（85/92）。结论伽玛刀是治疗脑转移瘤安全有效的方法。     

听神经鞘瘤伽玛刀治疗10年以上的长期随访

目的 探讨伽玛刀治疗(GKS)单侧听神经鞘瘤的长期临床疗效.方法 从1994年12月至2000年12月于天坛医院接受治疗超过10年的单侧听神经鞘瘤患者197例,随访到157例(随访率80.0％),平均年龄51.4(10～77)岁.首选GKS治疗者125例(79.6％),显微外科手术后再行GKS治疗者32例(20.4％).平均周边剂量12.7Gy(8.0～14.4 Gy),平均中心剂量28.8 Gy(20～40 Gy),治疗等中心点平均为4个(1～9个),平均体积5.1 cm3.平均随访时间6.3年(1- 15年),其中60例患者随访时间≥10年.结果 平均随访期6.3年,157例患者中93例肿瘤体积明显皱缩(59.2％),48例肿瘤体积无明显变化(30.6％),16例出现肿瘤发展伴临床症状加重(10.2％).肿瘤控制率89.8％,其中7例患者在随访过程中因其他病因死亡,伽玛刀控制肿瘤终生.肿瘤累积控制率3年为94％,5年为92％,10年为87％.听力累积保留率3年为94％,5年为85％,10年为64％.一过性面神经功能障碍16.6％,一过性三叉神经功能障碍17.8％,轻度面瘫1.3％,面部麻木2.5％.永久性明显的面神经及三叉神经功能障碍发生率为0.0％.结论 周边处方剂量12～14 Gy确实能长期控制中小体积听神经鞘瘤的肿瘤生长并保持良好的生存质量,随着随访时间的延长听力保留率有逐步下降趋势,对面神经及三叉神经功能有明显保留作用.因肿瘤的远期复发,长期随访不能终止.     

伽玛刀治疗听神经瘤中、长期疗效分析

目的总结评价伽玛刀(γ刀)放射外科治疗听神经瘤的中长期效果。方法78例患者平均年龄45.0±17.9岁,男性35例,女性43例;单侧病变74例,双侧4例;20例曾行手术治疗;57例γ刀治疗前存在有用听力;肿瘤容积0.11～27.8ml,平均10.8ml;边缘剂量10～14Gy,平均12.27Gy,中心剂量21～30Gy,平均24.90Gy。结果随访22～96个月,平均58.3±22.9个月;63例(80.8%)肿瘤缩小,12例(15.4%)大小无变化,3例(3.8%)肿瘤增大;47例患者有用听力得到保留,其中13(22.8%)例较术前明显改善;3例(3.8%)出现患侧面瘫;5例(6.4%)出现三叉神经功能部分受损。结论γ刀治疗听神经瘤中、长期疗效分析显示既可控制肿瘤生长又取得较高的神经功能保留率,值得推广。     

Gamma Knife radiosurgery following subtotal resection of vestibular schwannoma

During treatment of large vestibular schwannomas, incomplete resection (IR) followed by Gamma Knife surgery (GKS; Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) possibly offers tumor growth control and good clinical outcome, and is being discussed as an alternative to complete tumor removal with its inherent risks, especially for facial nerve function. However, available data for this concept are limited due to the small number of published studies. To analyze the effects of combined therapy in a larger cohort, we reviewed the currently available data. Six studies comprising 159 patients with a tumor diameter of at least 2 cm were included (median volume 19.95 cm³ in four studies, n = 137). GKS was performed on average 6 months postoperatively with a mean marginal dose of 11.88 Gy (mean target volume 4.42 cm³, mean diameter 18.45 mm). Preoperatively facial nerve function was serviceable (House and Brackmann Grades I+II) in 158 of 159 patients (99.4%) and in 125 of 151 patients (82.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 76–88%) postoperatively. Hearing was serviceable in 29 of 151 patients (19.2%) preoperatively and in 16 of 79 patients postoperatively (20.2%, 95%CI 12–31%). Within a mean follow-up time of 50 months (range 12–102 months), facial nerve function and hearing after IR remained serviceable in 142 of 151 (94.0%, 95%CI 89–97%) and 15 of 129 patients (11.6%, 95%CI 7–18%). Tumor growth control was achieved in 149 of 159 patients (93.8%). Six patients were subjected to repeated therapy. Minimal complications were reported for microsurgery and GKS. Combined therapy was shown to be beneficial regarding both tumor control and adverse side effects among all analyzed studies.     

Prognostic factors of hearing preservation after gamma knife radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma

We conducted a prospective study to identify prognostic factors of hearing preservation after gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for vestibular schwannoma (VS). Twenty-seven patients with unilateral VS and serviceable hearing underwent GKRS. The mean lesion diameter was 17.3 mm (range 6.1–30.0 mm), the median marginal dose was 12 Gy (11–15 Gy), and the mean follow-up duration was 35.7 months (9–81 months). The probabilities of hearing preservation after GKRS were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Tumor growth was controlled in 26 of the 27 patients (96.3%), and rates of hearing preservation were 85.1% and 68.1% at 2 and 3 years, respectively. A normal auditory brainstem response (ABR) (p = 0.008) and Gardner-Robertson class I hearing (p = 0.012) before GKRS were found to be significant prognostic factors of a favorable outcome. Our findings suggest that a normal pre GKRS ABR strongly predicts hearing preservation after GKRS. Accordingly, we advise that ABR should be considered with other prognostic factors when GKRS is considered in patients with VS.     

Gamma knife radiosurgery for glomus jugulare tumors: therapeutic advantages of minimalism in the skull base

Context: Glomus jugulare (GJ) tumors are paragangliomas found in the region of the jugular foramen. Surgery with/without embolization and conventional radiotherapy has been the traditional management option. Aim: To analyze the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) as a primary or an adjunctive form of therapy. Settings and Design: A retrospective analysis of patients who received GKS at a tertiary neurosurgical center was performed. Materials and Methods: Of the 1601 patients who underwent GKS from 1997 to 2006, 24 patients with GJ underwent 25 procedures. Results: The average age of the cohort was 46.6 years (range, 22-76 years) and the male to female ratio was 1:2. The most common neurological deficit was IX, X, XI cranial nerve paresis (15/24). Fifteen patients received primary GKS. Mean tumor size was 8.7 cc (range 1.1-17.2 cc). The coverage achieved was 93.1% (range 90-97%) using a mean tumor margin dose of 16.4 Gy (range 12-25 Gy) at a mean isodose of 49.5% (range 45-50%). Thirteen patients (six primary and seven secondary) were available for follow-up at a median interval of 24 months (range seven to 48 months). The average tumor size was 7.9 cc (range 1.1-17.2 cc). Using a mean tumor margin dose of 16.3 Gy (range 12-20 Gy) 93.6% coverage (range 91-97%) was achieved. Six patients improved clinically. A single patient developed transient trigeminal neuralgia. Magnetic resonance imaging follow-up was available for 10 patients; seven recorded a decrease in size. There was no tumor progression. Conclusions: Gamma knife radiosurgery is a safe and effective primary and secondary modality of treatment for GJ.     

三叉神经鞘瘤的伽玛刀治疗

目的 探讨伽玛刀治疗对三叉神经鞘瘤的临床疗效.方法回顾性分析1994年12月至2003年12月于本中心行伽玛刀治疗并随访的58例三叉神经鞘瘤,肿瘤平均体积4.6cm3,平均周边剂量13.1Gy,平均中心剂量28.3Gy.结果平均随访期42.5个月,影像随访证实4例肿瘤基本消失,34例明显萎缩,16例体积变化不明显,4例体积增大,肿瘤总控制率93%.28例患者的临床症状明显改善,23例临床症状无变化,7例临床症状持续加重.13例伴有继发性三叉神经痛的患者中,10例伽玛刀治疗后明显缓解或消失.结论伽玛刀治疗对中小型三叉神经鞘瘤安全有效,并可有效地改善其临床症状,保护瘤周颅神经的功能.     

伽玛刀治疗原发性视神经鞘脑膜瘤中长期疗效观察及近期文献回顾、

目的评估伽玛刀治疗原发性视神经鞘脑膜瘤（PONSM）的中长期疗效。方法回顾性分析26例经伽玛刀治疗的PONSM病人的临床资料。疗效评估主要依据肿瘤体积控制率及视力控制率。利用Kaplan—Meier生存曲线法分析病人肿瘤体积及视力稳定率。结果随访12—66个月,肿瘤体积控制率为96．2％,视力控制率为65．4％。肿瘤体积稳定时间39．4～59．1个月,平均49．4个月;视力稳定时间29．6—46．2个月,平均37．9个月。Kaplan—Meier曲线显示：肿瘤体积约在术后30个月趋于稳定,此时肿瘤体积稳定率约为70％：视力约在术后24个月趋于稳定,此时视力稳定率约为67％。结论伽玛刀治疗PONSM的中长期疗效较好,不仅可控制肿瘤生长,也可在一定程度上维持病人的视力,但需经过一定时间后肿瘤体积和视力才可达到稳定。     

Gamma knife radiosurgery for residual skull base chordomas

OBJECTIVE: The location of chordomas within the base of the skull and cervical junction prevents complete resection from being achieved. Previous series have shown that stereotactic radiosurgery can be used as a treatment for residual chordomas with good overall results. In the present study, we reviewed our experience in using gamma knife surgery (GKS) to treat patients with residual skull base chordomas. METHODS: Thirty-one patients with residual skull base chordomas underwent gamma knife radiosurgery from June 1996 to December 2004. The mean age of patients was 40.2 years (range: 8-70 years). There were 20 male and 11 females. The post-operative tumor volume treated with GKS ranged from 0.47 to 27.6 cm3, with a mean of 11.4+/-7.4 cm3. The mean tumor margin radiation dose was 12.7 Gy (range: 10-16 Gy), and the mean maximum dose was 29.2 Gy (range: 20.8-40 Gy). Twenty-eight patients were available for follow-up reviews, ranging from 6 to 102 months (mean: 30.2 months) and from 6 to 78 months (mean: 28 months), for clinical and image assessments, respectively. RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a survival of 90.9 and 75.8% after 3 and 5 years, respectively. Most tumors were smaller in size 1 year after treatment, which paralleled an alleviation of clinical symptoms. However, nine chordomas progressed, and seven recurred over the course of follow-up. The actuarial tumor control rate was 64.2 and 21.4% after 3 and 5 years, respectively. No serious radiation-related complication was found in any of the patients with GKS alone. CONCLUSIONS: Gamma knife radiosurgery can be effectively used for residual chordomas beside surgical resection with efficacious tumor control rates.