幕上胶质瘤致癫因素分析

目的分析探讨幕上胶质瘤致癫因素。方法回顾性分析143例幕上胶质瘤患者的病理和影像学资料。所有病人都经神经影像学和病理学检查确诊。结果74.6%的额叶胶质瘤患者以癫痫为首发症状。具有钙化、肿瘤累及皮层和没有明显占位效应的胶质瘤容易产生癫痫,低级别星形细胞瘤、少枝突胶质瘤癫痫发病率较高。结论胶质瘤致癫不仅与其病理类型有关,肿瘤生长特征及部位也是重要因素。     

致灶切除治疗难治性癫

目的探讨皮层脑电图扫描下致灶切除术治疗难治性癫的术前评估及致灶病理学意义。方法对67例经临床诊断为难治性癫的患者应用神经影像、神经电生理及功能性检查等方法进行术前综合评估,确定致灶。然后在皮层脑电图描记下行致灶切除,对切除的致灶组织送病理检查。结果术后综合疗效评定:1年内癫发作消失23例,显进进步18例,进步17例,无变化5例,失访4例,总有效率为84.6%;病理结果:有肿瘤、动静脉畸形、灰质异位、表皮样囊肿、炎性肉芽肿、脑软化、粘连性蛛网膜炎、海马硬化,其他还有蛛网膜增厚、脑组织神经变性、胶质细胞增生及变性,部分病例伴有陈旧性出血、含铁血黄素沉着、淋巴细胞浸润或者血管增生、管壁增厚,伴有小疤痕形成或继发性囊肿形成等。无1例无异常。结论神经电生理、影像学及功能检查的联合应用是术前评估致灶的重要方法。而脑电图、颅内电极与数字视频脑电结合,将患者的发作期表现与脑电信息同步记录保存是分析癫异常放电定位致灶的最佳方法。致灶切除术是难治性癫的有效治疗手段,致灶组织均存在结构性病理改变。     

低级别胶质瘤继发癫的综合治疗

目的总结低级别胶质瘤继发癫的治疗经验。方法回顾性分析46例低级别胶质瘤继发癫病人的临床资料,采用视频脑电图(VEEG)、脑磁图(MEG)定位致灶和功能区,术中联合应用立体定向引导、术中B超、皮质电刺激等技术并配合伽玛刀治疗。结果肿瘤全切除22例,大部切除10例,穿刺活检14例。随访46例,时间13~74个月。复发4例,死亡2例,余病人恢复良好。结论手术联合伽玛刀技术的应用是治疗低级别胶质瘤继发癫的有效方法。     

仅有癫表现的幕上海绵状血管瘤

目的总结仅有癫表现的幕上海绵状血管瘤的手术经验。方法回顾性分析29例仅有癫表现的幕上海绵状血管瘤的临床资料,均采用显微外科手术治疗。7例术中采用皮质脑电图(ECoG)监测,13例应用神经导航技术。结果病灶全切除27例,仅行热灼处理2例。随访2~79个月,癫得到满意控制。结论显微外科手术治疗仅有癫表现的幕上海绵状血管瘤效果良好。术中应用ECoG监测技术和神经导航技术可避免过多的脑组织损伤,又可明显提高术后癫的控制率。     

女性与癫

从女性卵巢类固醇激素对癫(?)的影响,癫(?)和抗癫(?)药物对女性的影响,以及女性癫(?)病人妊娠阶段的治疗等角度作一综述。     

脑胶质瘤致癫痫因素临床分析

目的探讨脑胶质瘤致癫痫因素。方法回顾性分析我院2002年3月至2006年6月收治的137例脑胶质瘤患者的临床资料。结果在137例脑胶质瘤中51例(37.23%)伴发癫痫。肿瘤主体位于额叶、颞叶部位者癫痫发病率高,具有钙化、肿瘤累及皮层和没有明显占位效应的胶质瘤容易引发癫痫,低级别胶质瘤患者癫痫发病率明显高于高级别胶质瘤患者(P<0.05)。结论胶质瘤伴发癫痫与其病理类型、肿瘤生长部位及特征有关;癫痫发作类型与肿瘤所在部位密切相关。     

癫与可疑癫临床发作时的动态脑电图分析

目的探讨癫与可疑癫临床发作时的动态脑电图(AEEG)的变化特征。方法本文对316例癫临床发作时的动态脑电图进行分析。结果临床发作时癫组162例中,AEEG监测结果正常为49例(30.25%),异常为113例(69.75%);在临床诊断可疑癫的154例中,AEEG监测结果正常为110例(71.43%),异常44例(28.57%)。癫组与可疑癫组临床发作时癫样波的发放有非常显著性差异(χ2=53.56,P<0.001)。结论AEEG因大大增加了描记时间而使EEG阳性率明显提高,临床发作与同步的AEEG痫样波的发放对癫的诊断非常重要。尤其对许多非性发作性疾病与癫发作的鉴别诊断更有重要意义。     

儿童非癫的癫样发作34例临床分析

目的探讨儿童非癫样的癫样发作的临床特点及诊断。方法对我院34例临床拟诊癫的发作性疾病做视频脑电图检查并进行分析。结果34例临床拟诊癫病患儿视频脑电图检查结果示患儿临床发作时同步脑电图无癫波发放。结论诊断儿童癫病应慎重,视频脑电图是确诊癫与非癫可靠有效的方法。     

脑血管病继发性癫的临床分析

目的研究急性脑血管病与癫的关系。方法对4年来586例经CT或MRI证实的40例脑血管病继发性癫的临床资料进行分析。结果脑血管病继发性癫发生率为6.8%(40/586),其中全身阵挛发作21例,部分发作11例,复杂部分发作3例,部分发作发展为全身强直发作3例,丘脑发作2例;2周内癫发作27.5%(11/40),2周后癫发作的72.5%(29/40),抗癫治疗88.6%有效。结论脑血管病是继发性癫的重要原因之一,它的发生率与病灶部位有明显的关系,抗癫治疗效果佳。     

原发性癫痫不同发作类型认知功能障碍的临床研究

目的 研究原发性癫痫不同发作类型认知功能损害的临床特点.方法 采用韦氏成人智力量表(WAIS-RC)分别对原发性癫痫3种发作类型-复杂部分性发作组(甲组)、部分性发作继发全面性发作组(乙组)、全面性癫痫组(丙组),进行全量表智商(FIQ)、言语智商(VIQ)、操作智商(PIQ)及智力因素(A、B、C)、退化指数研究.结果 乙组FIQ显著低于丙组(P＜0.05)、VIQ显著低于甲组、丙组(P＜0.05)、PIQ 3组无显著差异(P＞0.05);乙组C因素显著低于甲组、丙组(P＜0.05),3组A、B智力因素无显著差异(P＞0.05);3组退化指数无组间差异(df=3,F=2.516,P=0.063).结论 原发性癫痫不同发作类型认知功能损害的程度不同:部分性继发全面性发作对全量表智商、言语智商的影响较其他两种发作类型明显,其中对注意/记忆能力(C因素)损害更突出.     

幕上胶质瘤伴继发癫痫64例临床分析

目的 研究以癫痫为首发症状的胶质瘤特点,为临床癫痫治疗提供参考.方法 收集2011年1月至2012年8月北京天坛医院神经外科收治的病理确诊为胶质瘤,并以癫痫为首发症状的患者,分析癫痫发作与肿瘤部位和病理的关系.结果 收集到病理确诊的幕上胶质瘤患者171例,其中64例以癫痫为首发症状.低级别胶质瘤癫痫发生率显著高于高级别胶质瘤患者(P＜0.05),星形细胞瘤与少突星形细胞瘤癫痫发生率显著高于其他病理类型(P＜0.05).额叶与额顶叶胶质瘤癫痫发生率显著高于其他类型胶质瘤(P＜0.05).结论 胶质瘤继发癫痫与肿瘤部位和病理类型密切相关.     

Clinical and molecular genetic factors affecting postoperative seizure control of 183 Chinese adult patients with low-grade gliomas

Background and purpose: Seizures are a common symptom of patients with primary brain tumors, particularly low‐grade gliomas (LGGs). Poor seizure control after surgery has a great adverse impact on quality of life in these patients. The present study aimed to identify clinical and molecular genetic factors that influence postoperative seizure control. Methods: A series of 183 LGGs were analyzed by denaturing high‐performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) for 1p and 19q status and by immunohistochemical staining for expression of several molecular markers (P53, Ki‐67, MMP‐9 and MGMT), with particular emphasis on correlations with postoperative seizure control. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for statistic analysis. Results: Of the 183 patients, 134 (73.2%) patients presented with seizures. Most of oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas had LOH 1p and LOH 19q, which were rarely seen in combination in astrocytomas (P < 0.001). Oligodendroglial tumors were more likely to locate in frontal lobe (P = 0.011) and present calcification on MRI (P = 0.024). Temporal location (P = 0.014), and high expression of mutated P53 (P = 0.011) were associated with astrocytomas. Patients achieved much better seizure control after gross‐total resection (P < 0.001) than after subtotal resection. Patients without LOH 19q were more likely to have poor seizure control (P = 0.004) than those with this alteration. Ki‐67 was an independent molecular marker predicting poor seizure control (P = 0.016) if over expressed. Conclusions: Gross total resection of the tumor, LOH 19q and low Ki‐67 expression were associated with favorable seizure control after surgery for the patients with LGGs. The possible involvement of other factors should be investigated further.     

合并癫痫的幕上低级别胶质瘤病人癫痫预后的影响因素分析

目的探讨合并癫痫的幕上低级别胶质瘤病人癫痫预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2015年6月至2019年1月手术治疗的80例合并癫痫的幕上低级别胶质瘤的临床资料。术后1年,采用Engel分级评估癫痫预后,Ⅰ级为预后良好,Ⅱ~Ⅳ级为预后不良。用多因素logistic回归分析检验影响癫痫预后的影响因素;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析术前癫痫发作频率预测癫痫预后的价值。结果80例中,术后癫痫预后良好59例,预后不良21例。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,异柠檬酸脱氢酶(IDH)1突变和术前癫痫发作频率高是胶质瘤病人术后癫痫的独立危险因素(P<0.05),全切肿瘤和术后化疗是保护性因素(P<0.05)。术前癫痫发作频率预测癫痫预后的ROC曲线下面积为0.805(95%置信区间0.685~0.914;P<0.05);当术前癫痫发作频率≥2次/月时,预测术后癫痫预后不良的灵敏度和特异度分别为92.86%和46.85%。结论IDH1突变和术前癫痫发作频率高是合并癫痫的幕上低级别胶质瘤病人癫痫预后不良的危险因素,而肿瘤全切除和术后化疗明显改善癫痫预后。     

成人幕上脑胶质母细胞瘤术后癫癎发作的预防

目的探讨成人幕上脑胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）术后预防性应用抗癫癎药物对癫癎发作的影响。方法回顾性分析86例术前无癫癎发作的幕上GBM病例资料,根据病人术后预防性应用抗癫癎药物情况分为对照组（不使用抗癫癎药物）、研究1组（使用抗癫癎药物4周）和研究2组（使用抗癫癎药物24周）,统计术后癫癎发作情况和术后24周各组Karnofsky评分。结果术后4周内出现癫癎发作对照组5例（16．7％）,研究组1例（1．8％）,两组癫癎发作有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。术后5～24周新发癫癎发作对照组7例（23．3％）．研究1组7例（25．0％）,研究2组1例（3．6％）,研究2组新发癫癎发作屁著低于对照组和研究1组（P〈0．05）。研究2组术后24周Karnofsky评分为66．96±10．30,明显高于对照组和研究1组（P〈0．05）。结论预防性应用抗癫癎药物可减少GBM术后癫癎发作发病率,术后癫癎发作治疗困难且影响生活质量,术后预防性应用抗癫癎药物应当不少于24周。     

非下丘脑性发笑性癫痫发作的定位定侧分析

目的 分析发笑性癫痫发作患者的临床特点,以确定癫痫病灶位置,为手术治疗提供参考.方法 回顾性分析本院就诊10例发笑癫痫发作患者的临床特点,包括发作的特点、影像学的特征以及手术治疗结果等.结果 10例患者均接受手术治疗,其中8例完成分期颅内电极埋置.术后8例达到Engle Ⅰ级缓解,1为Ⅱ级,另外1例术后发作无明显改变.结论 非下丘脑病损所致发笑样癫痫发作者若不伴有情感症状出现,病灶多在额叶,并以辅助运动区为常见,伴有情感症状者多定位于颞叶.同时,发笑症状在发作过程的早期或者单独出现者定位很可能位于右侧大脑半球,反之,在晚期出现应考虑在左侧大脑半球的定位.     

Predictors of seizure outcomes in patients with diffuse low-grade glioma-related epilepsy after complete glioma removal

Aims

We aimed to identify predictors of postoperative seizures in patients with diffuse low-grade glioma (DLGG)-related epilepsy after complete tumor resection in this study.

Methods

We retrospectively collected data from individuals with DLGG-related epilepsy whose tumors were completely resected at Xiangya Hospital, Central South University between January 2014 and January 2020. The predictors of seizure outcomes were assessed by employing univariate analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model in a backward binary logistic regression model.

Results

Among the 118 cases that met the inclusion criteria, 83.05% were seizure-free following an average follow-up of 4.27 ± 1.65 years, all of whom were classified as International League Against Epilepsy class I outcome. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that seizure duration of >6 years (odds ratio [OR], 6.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.76–24.98; p = 0.005) and first clinical symptoms other than seizures (OR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.43–14.23; p = 1.010) were both independent predictors of unfavorable seizure outcomes.

Conclusion

Our results imply that satisfactory seizure outcomes can be achieved in most patients with DLGG-related epilepsy after complete tumor resection. Patients with seizure duration of >6 years or first clinical symptoms other than seizures were more likely to experience postoperative seizure recurrence.     

低级别胶质瘤复发再次术后癫痫预后危险因素分析

目的 探讨首次术后诊断为低级别胶质瘤复发并再次手术治疗后癫痫预后的危险因素。方法 回顾性分析2012年4月至2015年4月收治的复发并再次手术治疗的81例胶质瘤的临床资料。结果 81例中,43例再次术后病理诊断仍为低级别胶质瘤（无恶性转变组）,38例进展为高级别胶质瘤（恶性转变组）。再次术后12个月,无恶性转变组29例（35.8%）完全无癫痫发作（EngelⅠ级）,恶性转变组为26例（32.1%）。多因素Logistic 回归分析结果表明,肿瘤全切除是恶性转变组癫痫预后的良好指标（OR=0.171,95% CI为0.031~0.941,P=0.042）,肿瘤全切除（OR=0.09,95% CI为0.013~0.613;P=0.014）和Ki-67低表达（OR=0.064,95% CI为0.007~0.610;P=0.017）是无恶性转变组癫痫预后良好指标,而年龄≤38岁（OR=8.899,95% CI为1.615~60.667;P=0.013）是无恶性转变组癫痫预后不良指标。结论 肿瘤全切除、年龄>38岁以及Ki-67低表达是预测复发性低级别胶质瘤术后癫痫完全控制的良好因素,而在进展为高级别的胶质瘤中,仅有肿瘤全切除有助于癫痫完全控制。     

Predictors of seizure outcomes in patients with diffuse low‐grade glioma‐related epilepsy after complete glioma removal

AimsWe aimed to identify predictors of postoperative seizures in patients with diffuse low‐grade glioma (DLGG)‐related epilepsy after complete tumor resection in this study.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data from individuals with DLGG‐related epilepsy whose tumors were completely resected at Xiangya Hospital, Central South University between January 2014 and January 2020. The predictors of seizure outcomes were assessed by employing univariate analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model in a backward binary logistic regression model.ResultsAmong the 118 cases that met the inclusion criteria, 83.05% were seizure‐free following an average follow‐up of 4.27 ± 1.65 years, all of whom were classified as International League Against Epilepsy class I outcome. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that seizure duration of >6 years (odds ratio [OR], 6.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.76–24.98; p = 0.005) and first clinical symptoms other than seizures (OR, 4.51; 95% CI, 1.43–14.23; p = 1.010) were both independent predictors of unfavorable seizure outcomes.ConclusionOur results imply that satisfactory seizure outcomes can be achieved in most patients with DLGG‐related epilepsy after complete tumor resection. Patients with seizure duration of >6 years or first clinical symptoms other than seizures were more likely to experience postoperative seizure recurrence.