脊柱侧凸侧前路矫形术后并发乳糜胸1例

1病例资料患者,女,27岁。主因发现脊柱畸形10年于2004年5月12日入院。入院后查体:双肩等高,双侧髂棘等高,左侧剃刀背畸形,左肋弓距髂棘5cm,右肋弓距髂棘4cm。身高160cm。影像学检查:T10~L4Cobb角30°,顶椎为L1椎体,旋转度Ⅲ度。入院诊断:特发性脊柱侧凸。入院后检查无禁忌,于5月19日在全麻下行左前侧入路,中华长城系统植入矫形,椎间植骨融合术。术中切除第11、12肋,进入腹膜后间隙,切除T11~L3之间椎间盘,于T11~L3椎体横行植入螺钉至对侧皮质。安放预弯的连杆,去旋转矫形,椎间隙植骨。术中未见明确的乳糜管和胸膜损伤。术后患者恢复良好,…     

脊柱侧凸三维矫形术后并发应激性溃疡

目的：探讨脊柱侧凸矫形术后并发应激性溃疡的相关因素及治疗和预防措施。方法：回顾性分析2例脊柱侧凸矫形术后并发应激性溃疡患者的临床资料，1例行脊柱前路松解加颅骨一骨盆牵引术，1例行脊柱前路矫形融合术。结果：2例患者经去除应激因素、全身支持治疗、胃肠减压、管内投放硫糖铝混悬液、同时静脉滴注制酸剂或H2受体拮抗剂后均痊愈。结论：脊柱侧凸术后并发应激性溃疡是一种严重并发症，应积极进行全身及局部治疗。对脊柱侧凸矫形，术后出现频繁严重呕吐或精神紧张的患者，应早期预防。     

脊柱侧凸矫形术后并发肠系膜上动脉综合征

目的探讨在脊柱侧凸矫形术后并发肠系膜上动脉综合征的发病机制,分析总结该并发症在脊柱侧凸矫形术中的易发因素。方法回顾性研究1997年7月～2001年1月,采用三维去旋转矫形技术矫治各种脊柱侧凸430例,共发生肠系膜上动脉综合征5例,3例发生在脊柱侧凸前路松解术后颅骨-骨盆牵引过程中,2例发生在后路矫形术后。结果5例患者经禁食、胃肠减压、维持水电解质平衡、左侧卧位、暂停或减轻颅骨-骨盆牵引重量后症状逐渐缓解,5～7d后均痊愈。结论严重的脊柱侧凸,特别是后突型,术前躯干塌陷明显,估计术中脊柱伸展多、纠正百分比高或前路术后需快速大重量牵引的患者易并发肠系膜上动脉综合征。对此症只要早期诊断和及时处理,预后较好。     

脊柱侧凸矫形术后并发症分析

目的分析后路全椎弓根螺钉系统治疗脊柱侧凸术后并发症的情况,旨在减少和预防术后并发症的发生。方法分析106例行后路全椎弓根螺钉系统治疗的脊柱侧凸患者术后并发症情况,对先天性和特发性脊柱侧凸患者以及不同性别患者的并发症进行比较,并提出预防和补救措施。结果患者均获得随访,时间2. 5～6. 5年。13例患者术后发生并发症,11例(15. 9%)为先天性脊柱侧凸患者,2例(5. 4%)为特发性脊柱侧凸患者,差异无统计意义(P 0. 05)。69例先天性脊柱侧凸患者术后并发症发生情况:切口渗液5例,切口感染2例,脑脊液漏1例,脊髓神经损伤2例,断棒1例; 37例特发性脊柱侧凸患者术后发生切口渗液2例。不同性别脊柱侧凸患者术后并发症发生率比较差异无统计意义(P 0. 05)。结论脊柱侧凸矫形术后并发症发生率较高,但积极的预防与处理会获得良好的预后。     

脊柱侧凸矫形术后的护理

脊柱侧凸是儿童及青少年的常见病 ,如不及时发现和治疗 ,可导致严重畸形和压迫相应周围脏器 ,并影响心肺功能和人体正常发育 ,出现一系列相应症状 ,增加病人的心理创伤 ,并对其工作、学习和生活造成极大的不便 ,增加了社会和家庭的负担。我科自 1997年至今 ,共开展了 6例脊柱侧凸的矫形手术 ,均取得了满意的疗效。现将术后的护理体会报告如下。临床资料一、一般资料　本组病人共 6例 ,其中男性 2例 ,女性 4例 ,年龄 12～ 2 4岁。术后脊柱侧凸明显改善 ,身高平均增长 4～ 5 cm。出院后石膏背心外固定。随访半年至一年 ,疗效满意。二、手术方…     

极重度脊柱侧凸矫形术中唤醒质量的影响因素分析

目的 探讨极重度脊柱侧凸矫形术中唤醒质量的影响因素.方法 收集2013年1月至2018年4月拟行脊柱矫形术的先天性极重度脊柱侧凸的513例患者临床资料.其中男性196例,女性317例;年龄13～34岁,平均(28.5±4.1)岁.患者术前主弯Cobb角平均为(137.5±26.8)°.根据唤醒质量将患者分为优良组及差组...     

脊柱侧凸单纯后路三维矫形术后并发血胸

目的探讨脊柱侧凸单纯后路矫形术后并发血胸的相关因素及预防措施。方法 3例行单纯后路侧凸三维矫形术后患者,2例经床旁胸部X线确诊,1例经胸部CT确诊并发血胸,均行持续胸腔闭式引流术、促进肺复张及预防胸腔感染等治疗。结果 3例均在脊柱凹侧发生血胸,引流量分别为1 250、1 500、1 630 ml。随访时间分别为3、6、18个月,均恢复良好。结论脊柱侧凸单纯后路三维矫形术后并发血胸极为少见,常被忽视。胸部查体结合X线、超声或CT有利于早期发现并明确诊断血胸。     

重度脊柱侧凸前后路联合矫形术护理60例

目的 :总结重度脊柱侧凸前后路联合矫形术的护理要点。方法 :对 60例重度脊柱侧凸前后路联合矫形术患者进行术前心理护理、肺功能锻炼、脊柱弹性被动及主动锻炼、术前饮食指导 ,术后病情观察、防止并发症的综合护理干预措施。结果 :本组均顺利完成手术 ,手术疗效显著 ,未出现严重护理并发症。结论 :抓住重度脊柱侧凸前后路联合矫形术的每一个环节进行综合护理 ,是安全手术、术后早日康复的重要保证。     

脊柱侧凸矫形术中并发恶性高热一例报告

恶性高热是全麻手术中少见的并发症，死亡率极高，目前国内尚未见文献报道。我们在行脊柱侧凸矫形术中遇到一例恶性高热，现报告如下。 患者 男， 14岁 ,发现后背畸形半年入院。 X线片示脊柱胸段右侧凸 (T6～ 11)， Cobb角 60°。入院后查体 :剃刀背畸形、脊柱胸段右侧凸，毛发及色素分布未见异常，四肢感觉、肌力正常，肌张力正常。生理反射正常，病理反射未引出。诊断为青少年特发性脊柱侧凸， KingⅡ 型。常规化验检查 :血常规、 尿常规、 PT＋ A、 ESR、 ALT、 TP、 A/G、 TBIL均正常。 ALP升高至 235 u/L（正常 27～ 107 u/…     

脊柱侧凸矫形术后的附加现象

附加现象(adding-on phenomenon)是脊柱侧凸矫形术后未融合节段冠状面失代偿。近年来,随着附加现象越来越受到重视,脊柱外科医生一直致力于分析附加现象的预测因素,以指导手术方案的制定。本文主要是就附加现象的危险因素、诊断标准和防治作一综述,以便更多的脊柱外科医生对其有充分的认识了解,并指导在以后的手术时避免附加现象的发生。     

Abdominal aortic aneurysm after pulmonary transplantation: a case report

We present the case of a 39-year-old man who underwent repair of a symptomatic 5-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm. This patient had received a bilateral lung transplant for cystic fibrosis 10 years before this event. He was receiving cyclosporine, prednisone, and azathioprine as immunosuppression therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first reported abdominal aortic aneurysm after lung transplantation, and we note that our patient had a rapidly enlarging aneurysm, as seen in recipients of heart transplants. We postulate that immunosuppression may be related to the development and/or rapid growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms.     

Abdominal aortic aneurysm with ectopic renal artery origins: a case report

The coexistense of an abdominal aortic aneurysm with ectopic main renal vasculature complicates aortic surgery and mandates a focused imaging evaluation and a carefully planned operation to minimize renal ischemia. We present the case of a 75-year-old man with an abdominal aortic aneurysm and a right kidney with two ectopic main renal arteries, one originating from the aneurysmal distal aorta and the other from the right common iliac artery; the patient underwent a surgical repair and followed an uneventful course with no deterioration of renal function. The preoperative and intraoperative details are reported, along with a review of the literature.     

Abdominal aortic aneurysm associated with a horseshoe kidney and renal carcinoma: a case report

A horseshoe kidney is the most common renal embryological abnormality, but its association with an abdominal aortic aneurysm is rare. The conbination of a horseshoe kidney with a renal carcinoma and an abdominal aortic aneurysm is extremely rare and, to our knowledge, has only been reported twice in the English literature (Hinyokika kiy 46 (2000) 15; Eur J Vasc Endovas Surg 22 (2001) 280).     

Pituitary apoplexy after aortic abdominal aneurysm surgery: a case report

Pituitary apoplexy (PA) occurring after surgery is a rare but life-threatening acute clinical situation following extensive haemorrhage or necrosis within a pituitary adenoma. Pituitary apoplexy has been reported to occur spontaneously in the majority of cases or in association with various inducing factors. One of the pathophysiological mechanism that has been postulated is the fall of arterial blood pressure inducing ischaemia followed by infarction of the pituitary gland. We report a case of pituitary apoplexy following aortic abdominal surgery. To our knowledge, this has not been previously reported. A 73-year old man complained of headache and diplopia. At clinical examination, he presented a right oculomotor nerve palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a haemorrhagic sellar mass. In our case, intraoperative hypotension could have been the precipitating factor. Diagnostic and therapeutic measures are discussed.     

Unsuspected severe tracheal stenosis and tracheomalacia after correction surgery for congenital scoliosis: A case report

Tracheal stenosis and tracheomalacia in patients with congenital scoliosis are serious and rare conditions caused by congenital dysplasia, postintubation injury, trauma, and tracheal tumor. Anesthesia of a child with tracheal stenosis is challenging for anesthesiologists. We describe an 8-year-old female patient developed severe tracheal stenosis and tracheomalacia after growing rod implantation for congenital scoliosis. Comprehensive assessment of preoperative pulmonary function and airway morphology, which can be neglected clinically, should be performed in congenital scoliosis patients.     

Abdominal aortic aneurysms: case report

A 71-year-old male presented to a chiropractic clinic with subacute low back pain. While the pain appeared to be mechanical in nature, radiographic evaluation revealed an abdominal aortic aneurysm, which required the patient to have vascular surgery. This case report illustrates the importance of the history and physical examination in addition to a thorough knowledge of the features of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The application of spinal manipulative therapy in patients with (AAA) is also discussed.     

Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair after pancreaticoduodenectomy

We present two cases of patients with coincidental pancreatic disease and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Initial pancreaticoduodenectomy was followed by staged abdominal aortic aneurysm repair via a retroperitoneal approach in both cases. We recommend the retroperitoneal approach over the transperitoneal approach as an easier and safer method of aortic aneurysmorrhaphy after the Whipple procedure. (J VASC SURG 1995;21:537-9.)     

Stent graft infection after abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: a case report

A 77-year-old man had clinical and radiologic signs of graft infection develop 1 year after stent grafting for abdominal aortic aneurysm. Blood cultures grew Bacteroides fragilis, and cultures of the aneurysm sac grew Enterococcus. The patient's condition was successfully managed with staged extraanatomic revascularization followed by graft excision. Although stent graft infection to date is extremely rare, some aspects peculiar to the placement of these devices potentially could increase their susceptibility to infection. Recognition and standard techniques in management can lead to successful outcome.     

Mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm: a case report

A case of mycotic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta, arising as a complication of subacute bacterial endocarditis in a 75-year-old white woman, is presented. The dramatically expansile nature of this aneurysm is well documented. The history, clinical presentation, etiology, microbiology and surgical management of this rapidly progressive and often fatal condition are discussed through a review of the literature.     

Congenital abdominal aortic aneurysm: a case report

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is distinctly uncommon in infants and children, and usually results from infection, iatrogenic trauma, vasculitis, connective tissue disorder, or tuberous sclerosis. Congenital "primary" neonatal AAA is exceedingly rare. The few reported cases of repair of congenital AAA describe use of synthetic graft material or aneurysmorrhaphy. We report the first successful treatment of a known 6 cm congenital infrarenal AAA repaired with a 5 mm cryopreserved allograft in a 4-month-old infant girl. The graft was pretreated with an antigen reduction process (SynerGraft), which preliminary studies suggest may inhibit allograft degeneration. The postoperative course was unremarkable. Lower extremity pulses and results of duplex ultrasound flow studies remained excellent at 14-month follow-up. Panel reactive antibodies against class I alloantigens remain negative. The use of an antigen-reduced allograft provides an acceptable conduit, which potentially may decrease allograft degeneration and relative graft stenosis associated with growth of the child, but requires follow-up.