银杏叶聚戊烯醇联合化疗药对Heps和EC荷瘤小鼠的抗癌作用

目的研究聚戊烯醇联合化疗药对Heps和EC荷瘤小鼠的药效作用。方法从银杏叶中分离纯化聚戊烯醇 ,分别与氟脲嘧啶 (5 Fu)、环磷酰胺 (CTX)和顺铂 (PDD)联合应用 ,对移植性Heps和EC荷瘤小鼠进行抑瘤实验 ,并与 5 Fu、CTX和PDD单独用药比较。结果聚戊烯醇分别与CTX、PDD合用 ,对肝癌Heps的抑瘤率分别从4 2 .2 5 %、4 5 .0 4 %提高到 5 6 .4 9%、5 4 .96 % ;聚戊烯醇分别联合CTX、5 Fu用药 ,对艾氏腹水瘤EC的抑瘤率分别从37.6 4 %、39.89%提高到 6 2 .92 %、5 3.37%。结论聚戊烯醇对抗肿瘤药具有明显的辅助治疗和减毒增效的作用     

银杏叶聚戊烯醇抗癌作用的初步研究

目的:研究银杏叶(Folium Ginkgo)提取物—聚戊烯醇(Polyprenols GP-1)的抗肿瘤作用。方法:采用动物抗移植性肿瘤实验方法。结果:10.0mg/kg的聚戊烯醇对移植性肝癌Heps和肉瘤S₁₈₀的实验抑制率分别为49.13%和46.53%,40.0mg/kg的聚戊烯醇对艾氏癌EC抑制率为49.65%(P<0.01)。银杏叶聚戊烯醇对艾氏腹水癌EAC小鼠无明显延长寿命作用。结论:银杏叶聚戊烯醇有良好的抗肿瘤作用,应进行深入研究。     

银杏叶聚戊烯醇抗癌作用的初步研究

目的 :研究银杏叶 (FoliumGinkgo)提取物—聚戊烯醇 (PolyprenolsGP 1 )的抗肿瘤作用。方法 :采用动物抗移植性肿瘤实验方法。结果 :1 0 0mg/kg的聚戊烯醇对移植性肝癌Heps和肉瘤S1 80 的实验抑制率分别为 49 1 3 %和 46 53% ,40 0mg/kg的聚戊烯醇对艾氏癌EC抑制率为 49 65 % (P <0 0 1 )。银杏叶聚戊烯醇对艾氏腹水癌EAC小鼠无明显延长寿命作用。结论 :银杏叶聚戊烯醇有良好的抗肿瘤作用 ,应进行深入研究     

安多霖的抗辐射损伤实验研究

目的探讨安多霖能明显提高受^60Coγ射线7Gy照射所致急性放射损伤小鼠的保护作用及与。^60Coγ射线联合给药对S180荷瘤小鼠疗效的影响。方法分别用7Gy,7．5Gy,4Gy ^60Coγ射线一次性全身照射小鼠．观察不同照射剂量对小鼠存活率,外周血WBC及抑瘤率的影响。结果安多霖明显提高受照射小鼠30d的存活率,保护系数大于1．2;明显提高小鼠外周血WBC;与^60Coγ射线7．5Gy联合给药能明显提高S180荷瘤小瘤的抑瘤率,疗效指数均大于0．85,有相加作用。     

海洋真菌多糖YCP对小鼠扶正减毒作用的研究

从海洋真菌YC中提取的真菌多糖YCP,选择9,3,1 mg/kg的不同剂量,分别联合60Co放疗和Cy化疗正常小鼠和Heps荷瘤鼠,观察药物对放、化疗的减毒作用。以荷瘤小鼠观察药物对小鼠的扶正作用。结果:YCP(9,3,1 mg/kg)剂量组可显著地对抗由大剂量Cy造成的正常小鼠外周血白细胞,骨髓有核细胞数和胸腺指数的下降(P<0.01,P<0.05)。YCP(9,3 mg/kg)剂量组可显著地抑制由大剂量Cy和60Co照射造成的Heps荷瘤小鼠外周血白细胞,骨髓有核细胞数和脾脏指数和胸腺指数的下降(P<0.01,P<0.05)。YCP(9,3 mg/kg)可显著提高S180荷瘤小鼠的吞噬指数k和血清半数溶血值(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论YCP可明显对抗由60Co照射,大剂量化疗药Cy引起的正常和荷瘤小鼠的血液和骨髓抑制毒性。YCP可显著提高S180荷瘤小鼠免疫功能。     

灵芝孢子多糖抗移植性肿瘤实验研究

目的研究灵芝孢子多糖的抗癌作用。方法采用小鼠抗移植性肿瘤实验方法。结果灵芝孢子多糖分别以150 mg.kg-13、00 mg.kg-1和600 mg.kg-1剂量连续12天灌胃给药,对小鼠移植性肝癌Heps的抑瘤率为53.77%~65.25%;连续8天灌胃给药,对小鼠移植性肉瘤S180的抑瘤率为50.39%~55.04%,皆呈良好的抑瘤作用。灵芝孢子多糖可分别提高Heps和S180荷瘤小鼠的脾指数和胸腺指数。结论灵芝孢子多糖有良好的抑瘤作用,并可增强Heps和S180荷瘤小鼠的非特异性免疫功能。     

海生素注射液抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

目的 :研究海生素的抗肿瘤效果。方法 :采用小鼠移植性实体瘤S180 、艾氏腹水瘤 (EAC)和肝癌实体瘤 (Heps)模型的抑瘤试验 ,尾静脉给予小鼠不同剂量的海生素 ,计算抑瘤率和荷瘤小鼠生命延长率。结果 :海生素在 4 90～ 10 0 0mg·kg- 1·d- 1剂量范围内对小鼠S180 和Heps的抑瘤率分别达到 4 1.10 %～ 4 9.0 8%和 36 .2 9%～ 4 9.19% ,对EAC小鼠的生命延长率为 2 2 .93%～ 6 9.98%。结论 :海生素对荷瘤小鼠具有明显的抑瘤作用 ,在有效治疗肿瘤的同时对小鼠体重无明显影响。     

双环醇对奥沙利铂联合5-氟尿嘧啶方案引起肝损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的研究治疗肝炎药物双环醇在荷瘤小鼠对抗肿瘤药物奥沙利铂（oxaliplatin,L—OHP）与5-氟尿嘧啶（s—fluo—rouracil,5-FU）合用引起肝损伤的保护作用,并考察对抑瘤活性的影响。方法C57／BL小鼠接种Lewis肺癌后6天腹腔注射L—OHP（6mg·kg^-1×1）及5-FU（25mg·kg^-1×5）,建立大剂量L—OHP／5-FU合用引起荷瘤小鼠肝损伤模型,同时给予双环醇（150,300mg·kg×7）。于开始给药后的第8天处理动物,取瘤称重,全自动生化分析仪分析血清ALT,AST水平,H．E．染色考察肝脏病理状态。结果L—OHP与5-FU合用,对Lewis肺癌具显著抑制活性,抑瘤率达72．7％,同时出现明显毒副反应,26．7％的动物死亡,肝脏受到损伤,肝细胞出现变性、坏死,血清ALT,AST水平升高。双环醇150、300mg·kg^-1与L—OHP／5一FU合用,能够明显改善肝脏病理状态,降低血清转氨酶水平,减少动物死亡率,对抑瘤率亦有小的升高作用。双环醇300mg·kg。单独给药对Lewis肺癌的抑瘤率为25．6％,肝脏无损伤且整个实验过程中小鼠无死亡。结论双环醇在不影响L—OHP／5-Fu抑瘤率的情况下,对后者引起的肝脏损伤有明显保护作用,能降低荷瘤小鼠死亡率,临床应用值得参考。     

贝叶多孔菌提取物对小鼠移植肉瘤S180抑瘤作用的研究

研究了贝叶多孔菌多糖提取物(PFE)对小鼠移植肉瘤S180的抑瘤作用及其对荷瘤小鼠寿命的影响。结果表明,PFE灌胃对小鼠具有抑瘤活性,1000mg/kg的抑瘤率为28.8—48.5%,与对照组比较差异极显著(P<0.01);抑瘤率与剂量呈正相关趋势;PFE与环磷酰胺联合应用有协同作用倾向;PFE2000mg/kg时能显著延长荷瘤小鼠的生存时间(P<0.01)。     

银耳孢子多糖体内抑制肿瘤作用的研究

目的：研究银耳孢子多糖对小鼠U14宫颈癌、H22肝癌、S180肉瘤的抑制作用。方法：采用肿瘤抑制率评价银耳孢子多糖在1、6和12mg／kg3个剂量时，对肿瘤的抑制作用。结果：银耳孢子多糖在3个剂量下，对小鼠U14宫颈癌、H22肝癌、S180肉瘤均有一定的抑制作用。对于U14官颈癌，在1mg／kg剂量时，间隔给药抑瘤效果最明显，抑瘤率为43．6％，与对照组相比差异显著；对于H22肝癌，在6mg／kg剂量时，间隔给药抑瘤效果最明显，抑瘤率为72．3％，与对照组相比差异显著；对于S180肉瘤，在6mg／kg剂量时，间隔给药抑瘤效果最明显，抑瘤率为84．9％，与对照组相比差异显著。结论：银耳孢子多糖对小鼠U14宫颈癌、H22肝癌和S180肉瘤，均有较好的抑制作用。     

白首乌C21甾体苷诱导肝癌细胞凋亡的作用及其机制

研究白首乌C₂₁甾体苷对肝癌实体瘤细胞的凋亡作用及其机制。建立肝癌实体型(Heps)小鼠移植性肿瘤模型，随机分为模型组和C₂₁甾体苷各用药组，连续灌胃，10 d后脱颈椎处死小鼠，进行抑瘤率计算，对肿瘤组织进行电镜下观察，采用免疫荧光(AO/EB)测定肿瘤细胞凋亡，免疫组化染色检测bcl-2基因的表达。C₂₁甾体苷(10，20和40 mg·kg^-1)对小鼠移植性肝癌Heps有抑制作用，3个剂量组的抑瘤率分别为34.79%，47.08%和50.23%。C₂₁甾体苷(10，20和40 mg·kg^-1)可增加肿瘤细胞的凋亡，电镜下可见凋亡的形态学改变，并出现凋亡小体；免疫组化结果显示，bcl-2基因的表达与模型组比较明显降低(p<0.01)，但不同于凋亡结果的是高剂量组的阳性面积表达比中剂量略高。降低高表达的bcl-2基因从而促进肝癌细胞的凋亡，可能是C₂₁甾体苷抗肝癌的机制之一。     

Brucine对Heps荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤作用和毒性的研究

目的观察和评价B ruc ine对移植性肝癌Heps模型荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤抑制作用和生存时间的影响,同时考察B ru-c ine对其免疫系统、造血系统及肝、肾的毒性。方法用ICR♂小鼠接种肝癌Heps瘤株造成移植性肝癌Heps小鼠模型,以B ruc ine对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率和生命延长率代表B ruc ine的抗肿瘤活性;以小鼠的体重、免疫器官指数、血细胞指数和肝、肾指数为指标观察B ruc ine对小鼠的毒性及可能的作用机制。结果B ruc ine对移植性肝癌Heps荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率分别为30.34%(1.61 mg.kg-1)、46.21%(3.23mg.kg-1)和42.07%(6.46 mg.kg-1)。3.23 mg.kg-1(1/20 LD50)是其最佳剂量。但对其生存时间无延长作用。毒性考察实验显示B ruc ine对肝癌Heps小鼠的造血、免疫系统以及肝、肾无明显的毒性。相反B ruc ine还能提高其免疫器官的重量和指数,提高肝癌Heps小鼠的白细胞和血小板数,并能降低小鼠因接种肝癌Heps瘤株而造成的AST、ALT和BUN异常升高。结论B ruc ine能有效抑制移植性肝癌模型荷瘤小鼠体内肿瘤生长,短期对动物的造血、免疫系统以及肝肾没有明显的毒性,相反还能刺激和促进造血系统和免疫系统的功能,恢复小鼠因接种肝癌Heps瘤株而造成的肝肾功能的损伤。通过深入研究B ruc ine有可能发展成为一种新型抗癌药。     

鸦胆子油亚纳米乳注射液对小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用

目的观察鸦胆子油亚纳米乳注射液对3种小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用。方法应用移植性s180腹水瘤、Heps肝癌细胞、Lewis肺癌细胞荷瘤小鼠,设鸦胆子油亚纳米乳注射液0．45、0．9、1．8g·kg^-13个剂量组,尾静脉给药,计算肿瘤生长抑制率。结果鸦胆子油亚纳米乳注射液低、中、高剂量对小鼠S180腹水瘤的抑制率分别为11．1％、19．5％、33．5％;对小鼠Heps肝癌细胞抑制率分别为12．6％、21．1％、33．0％;对小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞抑制率分别为14．0％、24．9％、42．2％。与模型对照组比较,低剂量组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,中、高剂量组差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05,P〈0．01）,呈现一定的剂量相关性。结论鸦胆子油亚纳米乳注射液对ICR小鼠S180腹水瘤、Heps肝癌、Lewis肺癌有明显的抑制作用。     

Inhibitory effect of FK-565 alone and in combination with zidovudine on retroviral infection by Friend leukemia virus in mice

The effects of route and starting time of administration on FK-565 inhibition of splenomegaly by Friend leukemia virus (FLV) were studied in mice, and the concomitant effect of FK-565 in allowing reduction of zidovudine dosage was estimated. FK-565 inhibited splenomegaly in intravenous and oral doses of 0.01 to 1 mg/kg, but time of initial dosing had little effect on this inhibition. When 0.01 or 1 mg/kg of FK-565 was given intravenously with intraperitoneal doses of 0.63, 2.5, 10 and 40m g/kg of zidovudine, the inhibition rate of splenomegaly at all doses was markedly and dose-dependently higher than when either drug was given alone, and the concomitant use of FK-565 with zidovudine enabled a 16-fold reduction of the dose of zidovudine. The survival rate and survival time after infection with massive amounts of FLV were higher when FK-565 1 mg/kg and zidovudine 20 mg/kg were given in combination than when either drug was given alone. Inhibition of FLV splenomegaly was reflected in the prolonged survival time of the infected mice.     

Combinations of favipiravir and peramivir for the treatment of pandemic influenza A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) virus infections in mice

Favipiravir, an influenza virus RNA polymerase inhibitor, and peramivir, an influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitor, were evaluated alone and in combination against pandemic influenza A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) virus infections in mice. Infected mice were treated twice daily for 5 d starting 4 h after virus challenge. Favipiravir was 40%, 70%, and 100% protective at 20, 40, and 100 mg/kg/d. Peramivir was 30% protective at 0.5 mg/kg/d, but ineffective at lower doses when used as monotherapy. Combinations of favipiravir and peramivir increased the numbers of survivors by 10-50% when the 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg/d doses of peramivir were combined with 20 mg/kg/d favipiravir and when all doses of peramivir were combined with 40 mg/kg/d favipiravir. Three-dimensional analysis of drug interactions using the MacSynergy method indicates strong synergy for these drug combinations. In addition, an increase in lifespan for groups of mice treated with drug combinations, compared to the most effective monotherapy group, was observed for the 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg/d doses of peramivir combined with favipiravir at the 20 mg dose level. Therefore, the 20 mg/kg/d dose of favipiravir was selected for further combination studies. Increased survival was exhibited when this dose was combined with peramivir doses of 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg/d (1 mg/kg/d of peramivir alone was 100% protective in this experiment). Improved body weight relative to either compound alone was evident using 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg/d of peramivir. Significant reductions in lung hemorrhage score and lung weight were evident on day 6 post-infection. In addition, virus titers were reduced significantly on day 4 post-infection by combination therapy containing favipiravir combined with peramivir at 0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg/d. These data demonstrate that combinations of favipiravir and peramivir perform better than suboptimal doses of each compound alone for the treatment of influenza virus infections in mice.     

豆蔻提取物治疗胃癌的实验研究

目的：探讨豆蔻提取物对人胃癌细胞株SGC-7901胃癌模型裸鼠肿瘤生长的影响。方法：建立裸鼠原位移植人胃癌模型,将模型裸鼠随机分为20 mg/kg、40 mg/kg、60 mg/kg豆蔻提取物组,同时设立对照组,对原位种植胃癌的转移率和抑瘤率、血管内皮细胞生长因子水平进行观察。结果：20 mg/kg、40mg/kg、60 mg/kg豆蔻提取物作用组转移率分别为90%、50%、30%;抑瘤率分别为1.70%、23.30%、33.52%;血管内皮细胞生长因子平均光密度分别为0.367±0.012、0.326±0.01、0.298±0.013。结论：与对照组相比,20mg/kg、40 mg/kg、60 mg/kg豆蔻提取物能抑制荷瘤鼠肿瘤的生长及转移,且能下调血管内皮细胞生长因子的表达。     

Synergistic antitumoral activity of combined UFT, folinic acid and oxaliplatin against human colorectal HT29 cell xenografts in athymic nude mice

This study was designed to assess the inhibition of tumor growth by oxaliplatin combined with UFT and folinic acid (FA). Growth inhibition was studied in nude mice transplanted with human colorectal HT29 tumor cell xenografts and treated for 28 days with oral UFT (20 mg/kg/day) and FA (4 mg/kg/day), i.p. oxaliplatin (10 mg/kg on day 1) or a combination of oxaliplatin, UFT and FA, or else not treated (controls). Tumor surface area and weight were recorded twice a week, and mice were sacrificed at day 28. Two separate experiments were performed for each group of 25 mice. At day 28, mean tumor weights (g) were 2.89+/-0.22 (controls), 2.03+/-0.14 (oxaliplatin), 2.02+/-0.21 (UFT/FA) and 1.23+/-0.17 (oxaliplatin+UFT/FA). For the three treatment groups, tumor weight decreases were 30.1% (p<0.05), 29.9% (p<0.05) and 57.5% (p<0.001), respectively. Combined treatment (UFT/FA+oxaliplatin) reduced tumor weight by 39% compared to oxaliplatin alone (p<0.05) or UFT/FA (p<0.05). These results demonstrate the synergistic effect of the combination of oxaliplatin, UFT and FA in this HT29 cell xenograft model, and warrant further investigations in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.     

Lethality of opioid and antihistaminic combinations in mice

The lethality of morphine (37.5, 75, and 150 mg/kg) and tripelennamine (10,20,40 and 60 mg/kg), given alone and in combination, was evaluated in mice housed in groups of 16. When given alone, neither drug produced death at any dose. Combining the drugs produced supra-additive effects: some deaths occurred at all combination doses. The lethality of pentazocine (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) and diphenhydramine (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg), given alone and in combination, also was evaluated. Neither drug alone produced death at any dose. Supra-additive effects were observed when the drugs were combined. These results are similar to earlier findings concerning the lethality of combinations of pentazocine and tripelennamine.