伊曲康唑治疗孢子丝菌病的疗效及抗真菌药敏试验

目的:观察伊曲康唑对孢子丝菌病的临床疗效,检测孢子丝菌对伊曲康唑的体外敏感性.方法:对48例孢子丝菌病患者给予伊曲康唑胶囊口服治疗;另外30例患者给予碘化钾溶液口服治疗,并采用Etest法检测其中10株孢子丝菌对伊曲康唑的最小抑菌浓度(MIC).结果:伊曲康唑对孢子丝菌病的总有效率91.67％,碘化钾溶液的总有效率86.67％,两组总有效率比较无显著性差异,(P＞0.05).采用Etest法检测10株孢子丝菌对伊曲康唑MIC值,范围为0.012-8μg/mL.结论:虽然伊曲康唑对孢子丝菌病的疗效与碘化钾的疗效相当,但副作用小.Etest法可以作为一种孢子丝菌的体外抗真菌药敏试验方法.     

E-test法和Rosco纸片法检测申克孢子丝菌对伊曲康唑和氟康唑的敏感性试验

目的探讨申克孢子丝菌的体外抗真菌药敏试验E-test法和Rosco纸片法的可比性,观察申克孢子丝菌对伊曲康唑和氟康唑的敏感性。方法采用临床实验室标准化协会(CLSI)颁布的M27-P方案中的E-test法检测和Rosco纸片法检测申克孢子丝菌在菌丝相时对伊曲康唑、氟康唑的MIC值。结果采用E-test法和Rosco纸片法检测20株临床分离株25℃菌丝相时,伊曲康唑的MIC值范围分别为:0.012～2.0μg/mL,14～29mm,氟康唑的MIC值范围分别为:256μg/mL,0mm。结论体外抗真菌药敏试验E-test法和Rosco纸片法有较好的一致性和重复性。申克孢子丝菌25℃菌丝相时对伊曲康唑、氟康唑的敏感性存在差异,对伊曲康唑的敏感性高于氟康唑。     

微量稀释法检测申克孢子丝菌酵母相体外抗真菌药物敏感性

目的用液基微量稀释法观察双相真菌申克孢子丝菌酵母相体外抗真菌药物敏感性。方法将54株申克孢子丝菌临床株于脑心浸液琼脂培养基连续传代获得酵母相,参考美国临床实验室标准化委员会(CLSI)的微量稀释法M27-A2检测菌株酵母相对碘化钾、氟康唑、伊曲康唑和特比萘芬的体外敏感性,并观察碘化钾对伊曲康唑和特比萘芬体外抑菌作用的影响。质控株为克柔念珠菌ATCC6258。结果碘化钾体外无抑菌作用;氟康唑最小抑菌浓度(MIC)几何均数大于64μg/mL;伊曲康唑和特比萘芬MIC几何均数分别为0.98μg/mL和0.17μg/mL。伊曲康唑及特比萘芬的MIC值分别高于伊曲康唑+碘化钾及特比萘芬+碘化钾(P均<0.05)。来源皮肤固定型的菌株与来源皮肤淋巴管型菌株相比MIC值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论改良的M27-A2方法适用于检测申克孢子丝菌酵母相体外敏感性;酵母相时碘化钾对伊曲康唑、特比萘芬体外抑菌作用有一定的加强效应。     

E-test法检测申克氏孢子丝菌对抗真菌药物敏感性的研究

为探讨申克氏孢子丝菌的体外抗真菌药敏试验方法的重复性及准确性,观察申克氏孢子丝菌对两种抗真菌药的敏感性,我们采用美国临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）颁布的M27-P方案中的E-test法检测申克氏孢子丝菌分别在菌丝相和酵母相时对伊曲康唑、氟康唑的MIC值。结果：25℃菌丝相时氟康唑、伊曲康唑的MIC值范围分别为：2～256μg/mL、0.012～8.0μg/mL。37℃酵母相时氟康唑、伊曲康唑的MIC值范围分别为：4～256μg/mL、0.125～32μg/mL。申克氏孢子丝菌菌丝相的MIC值较低,酵母相的MIC值较高。申克氏孢子丝菌25℃菌丝相和37℃酵母相时对伊曲康唑、氟康唑的敏感性存在差异。对伊曲康唑的敏感性高于氟康唑。     

氟康唑联合伊曲康唑治疗口腔黏膜念珠菌病临床观察及体外抗真菌药敏试验

目的观察氟康唑片和伊曲康唑胶囊对口腔黏膜念珠菌病的临床疗效,并检测口腔黏膜念珠菌对氟康唑和伊曲康唑的体外敏感性,了解体外抗真菌药敏试验结果与临床疗效的关系。方法对126例确诊为口腔黏膜念珠菌病患者给予氟康唑片口服治疗,对32例患者给予伊曲康唑胶囊口服治疗。采用Etest法检测30株念珠菌对氟康唑和伊曲康唑的最小抑菌浓度(M IC)。结果氟康唑片对口腔黏膜念珠菌病的有效率为94.44%,真菌清除率为94.44%;伊曲康唑胶囊对口腔黏膜念珠菌病的有效率93.75%,真菌清除率93.75%。采用Etest法检测30株念珠菌对伊曲康唑和氟康唑的M IC值,范围分别为0.0160~4μg/m l和0.250~2μg/m l。结论氟康唑片和伊曲康唑胶囊对口腔黏膜念珠菌病的疗效好,副作用小。Etest法可以作为一种较好的体外抗真菌药敏试验方法在临床实验室使用。     

伊曲康唑联合疗法治疗4例深部真菌病临床观察

目的:观察伊曲康唑联合疗法治疗4例深部真菌病的疗效.方法:对3例孢子丝菌病、1例着色芽生菌病分别采用伊曲康唑口服加10%碘化钾口服,伊曲康唑口服加中药局部烫洗治疗.结果:4例患者全部治愈.结论:伊曲康唑联合疗法治疗深部真菌病有效.     

伊曲康唑治疗孢子丝菌病的疗效观察

目的观察伊曲康唑治疗孢子丝菌病的疗效。方法选择在本院皮肤科就诊的明确诊断为孢子丝菌病患者30例,随机分为两组,分别予单独服用伊曲康唑和伊曲康唑与碘化钾联合治疗。结果联合用药组3个月痊愈率为55.0%,6个月痊愈率为100.0%;伊曲康唑组分别为40.0%,100.0%。结论单独口服伊曲康唑治疗孢子丝菌病疗效确切。     

4种抗真菌药物对马尔尼菲青霉感染体外药敏试验与临床疗效

目的：探讨4种抗真菌药物对马尔尼菲青霉（Penicillium marneffei,PM）感染体外药敏试验与临床疗效的相关性。方法：①体外药敏试验：采用美国临床实验室标准委员会（NCCLS）方案中的E—test法测定9株临床分离PM的酵母相对酮康唑、伊曲康唑、氟康唑、两性霉素B的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）值。②治疗方法：根据病情予两性霉素B、氟康唑、酮康唑或伊曲康唑治疗,联合用药或单独给药。结果：①体外药敏试验：伊曲康唑、酮康唑的MIC值范围分别是0．002-0．064μg/mL、0．012-0．250μg/mL,无耐药株。氟康唑耐药株1株,敏感株8株．MIC值范围是1．500～32．000μg/mL。两性霉素B的耐药株4株（44．4％）,MIC值范围是0．047～2.000μg/mL。②临床疗效：6例患者（其中2例合并艾滋病）接受两性霉素B、氟康唑及伊曲康唑联合用药,共4～12周,好转率达66．67％。好转后口服氟康唑及伊曲康唑0．5～1年。3例患者予口服酮康唑或伊曲康唑治疗,好转率达33．33％。结论：受试菌株对唑类抗真菌药物有较高的敏感性,两性霉素B的敏感性较差。但对病情严重的播散性PM病患者如尽早给予两性霉素B、氟康唑及伊曲康唑联合治疗,仍能获得满意的疗效。病情较轻的患者,可给予口服伊曲康唑或酮康唑0．5～1年治疗。疗效满意。     

61株甲源性近平滑念珠菌药敏试验报告

根据美国国家临床实验室标准化委员会M27-A微量稀释法对近平滑念珠菌作了伊曲康唑、特比萘芬和氟康唑3种抗真菌药物敏感性测定。结果:伊曲康唑、特比萘芬、氟康唑对61株近平滑念珠菌的平均MIC值分别为:3.20μg/mL、0.42μg/mL、2.33μg/mL。体外特比萘芬对近平滑念珠菌敏感性高于伊曲康唑和氟康唑。     

白念珠菌对三唑类药物体外抗真菌敏感性及拖尾现象的研究

@@@@目的：评价66株白念珠菌对三唑类药物的体外敏感性和拖尾现象。方法：参照CLSI的M27－A3方法进行,检测分离自不同部位的66株白念珠菌对氟康唑、伊曲康唑和伏立康唑的体外敏感性和拖尾现象,应用肉眼观察和酶标仪读取MIC结果。结果：依据判读折点,对氟康唑敏感菌株63株,剂量依赖3株,MIC几何均值为0．59μg？mL,对伊曲康唑敏感39株,剂量依赖25株,耐药2株,MIC几何均值为0．156μg？mL,对伏立康唑敏感65株,剂量依赖1株,MIC几何均值为0．059μg？mL。3种药物表现不同程度的拖尾现象,分光光度法读取吸光值可清晰反映出MIC值、菌量变化及拖尾现象。结论：拖尾现象是三唑类药物体外抗真菌敏感性检测的常见现象,分光光度法可以客观、直接地观察体外MIC结果及拖尾现象。     

Atypical presentation of cutaneous sporotrichosis in an alcoholic patient

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous mycosis with a high prevalence in Brasil. It is caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii, and may lead to different clinical presentations. The disseminated cutaneous form is uncommon and corresponds to 4 percent of the total number of cases. We report a case of atypical disseminated sporotrichosis in an alcoholic patient, whose culture for fungi revealed the presence of Sporothrix schenckii. The patient was treated with itraconazole 200 mg/day for 6 months with clinical clearing.     

Potassium iodide remains the most effective therapy for cutaneous sporotrichosis

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous fungal infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii. Itraconazole has largely replaced older therapies, but we present a case of lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis that failed to respond to an adequate course of itraconazole yet responded dramatically to treatment with saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI).     

Sporotrichosis in childhood: clinical and therapeutic experience in 25 patients

Abstract:  Sporotrichosis in an uncommon mycoses in childhood and is generally associated with injuries received as a consequence of farm work. We undertook a retrospective study of sporotrichosis in children and adolescents seen over a 10-year period, focusing on their clinical, epidemiologic, and mycologic features as well as treatment. We included 25 children with a mean age of 9.3 years. Most of those affected were schoolchildren (84%) from rural areas. The main clinical variety of sporotrichosis seen was the lymphocutaneous form (64%), followed by the fixed cutaneous form (36%), and one instance of the disseminated cutaneous form. Most lesions were located on the upper limbs (40%) and the face (36%). Sporothrix schenckii was isolated in all patients and 24 of 25 had a positive sporotrichin skin test. Nineteen patients were treated and cured clinically and mycologically with potassium iodide, three were cured with itraconazole and one with heat therapy.     

Sporotrichose – fixe kutane und lymphokutane Form

Two patients were infected with sporotrichosis; one had the fixed cutaneous form, the other the lymphocutaneous form. Sporotrichosis schenckii was identified in both with a culture from a tissue biopsy. Both patients were successfully treated with itraconazole, one received 100 mg and the other 200 mg itraconazole daily over a 3 months period.     

Cutaneous sporotrichosis. Intermittent treatment (pulses) with itraconazole

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous and exceptionally deep mycosis caused by a dimorphic fungus, Sporothrix schenckii. Itraconazole is a triazole derivative leading to good results in the treatment of sporotrichosis. Patients with cutaneous sporotrichosis proven with mycological tests (direct examination and culture) were enrolled. All patients underwent laboratory tests (at baseline and on a monthly basis) and received oral itraconazole 400 mg/day for one week with a 3-week break (pulses); thereafter the drug was administered as pulses until clinical and mycological cure was achieved. Five patients with sporotrichosis were enrolled, 4 with cutaneous lymphangitic form and one with fixed cutaneous form. Clinical and mycological cure was achieved in 4/5 cases (80%), with a mean number of pulses of 3.5. No patient had side effects and no laboratory test abnormalities occurred. Intermittent or pulsed itraconazole was effective in treating cutaneous sporotrichosis. It may be considered as a new treatment choice that entails an important reduction in total medication use.     

Epidemic cutaneous sporotrichosis: Report of 16 cases in Queensland due to mouldy hay

We report an epidemic of sporotrichosis in a south-east Queensland rural community. Sporotrichosis is a fungal infection due to the organism Sporothrix schenckii , typically presenting with cutaneous lesions. Sixteen cases of cutaneous sporotrichosis were seen over a 9 month period in the Darling Downs region of Queensland. All patients had had contact with a batch of mouldy hay presumed to be contaminated by Sporothrix schenckii . Nine of 16 patients were male; the youngest patient was aged 11 and the oldest was 67 years of age. Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis was seen in 50% of patients; the rest demonstrated the fixed cutaneous form. No cases of disseminated cutaneous or systemic sporotrichosis were seen. One case demonstrated lymphangitis related to sporotrichosis. No apparent difference in the duration to diagnosis was demonstrated to exist between lymphocutaneous or fixed cutaneous types.     

Sporotrichosis

Sporotrichosis is the most common subcutaneous mycosis. It is usually acquired by traumatic inoculation, and it is caused by one of the species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex. More than 6 species, such as S schenckii sensu stricto, Sporothrix brasiliensis, Sporothrix globosa, Sporothrix mexicana, and Sporothrix albicans, have been identified by molecular techniques. The most common presentation is cutaneous disease, which is classified into fixed and lymphocutaneous forms. Osteoarticular, pulmonary, mucosal, disseminated, and systemic infections are less common and usually occur in immunosuppressed individuals. The diagnosis is suggested by biopsy specimen and confirmed by tissue culture. Itraconazole is considered the treatment of choice, although in some undeveloped countries potassium iodide is still used, owing to its safety and low cost. For systemic or disseminated cases, amphotericin B is the treatment of choice.     

Isolation of both Sporothrix schenckii and Nocardia asteroides from a mycetoma of the forefoot

Mycetoma is a localized primary subcutaneous infection due to fungi (eumycetoma) or aerobic actinomycetes (actinomycetoma). We report a patient who acquired an implantation infection on the forefoot following a motorcycle accident in Crete. Both Sporothrix schenckii and Nocardia asteroides were isolated simultaneously from the lesion. Under combined therapy with itraconazole and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole for 7 months the lesion healed completely. A combination of causative organisms in mycetomas is rare, and the combination of S. schenckii and N. asteroides together has not been reported from one lesion.     

Sporotrichosis on the Face of a 7‐Year‐Old Boy Following a Bicycle Accident

Abstract: A 7‐year‐old boy presented with an annular verrucous plaque on the chin of 5 weeks duration. The lesion occurred after a bicycle accident and was unresponsive to antibiotics. Fungal culture grew Sporothrix schenckii. Sporotrichosis should be considered and fungal culture obtained whenever a nodule or plaque fails to respond to initial treatment.